CN103696019B - A kind of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, its preparation method and its transfer method - Google Patents
A kind of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, its preparation method and its transfer method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This patent is related to preparation and its unperturbed transfer method of a kind of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline.Two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline system's colloidal particle is self-assembly of at water/gas interface, has excellent transferability;Its size is up to several square centimeters and without any defect.The present invention also provides a kind of improved unperturbed transfer method of such a two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, and by the transfer method, the transfer to different base surface can be realized in the case where not producing obvious disturbance to colloid monocrystalline.The two-dimensional colloidal method for preparing single crystal of the present invention is simply efficient, and transfer method is extensive without selectivity, application prospect to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic and curvature of substrate surface.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, the preparation that further relates to include this colloid monocrystalline and
Its unperturbed transfer method.
Background of invention
Two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance is widely used in the structure of various ordered structures as template because of its unique cycle regularity
Build.For being built based on the brilliant ordered structure for template of two-dimensional colloidal, first have to solve the problems, such as be how to prepare large area
Flawless two-dimensional colloidal is brilliant.So far, various methods have been developed to prepare two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance in people, wherein
Self-assembling technique most commonly based on convection current sedimentation.Existing document report, by this technology, in special Wedge device
The lower flawless two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline that can prepare Centimeter Level of auxiliary.But this method quite expends the time(Generally exist
It is more than half an hour)And substrate surface hydrophilic and hydrophobic is required, once formation can not in smooth substrate for colloid monocrystalline in addition
Shifted to other substrates.
Self-assembling technique, the two-dimentional glue being self-assembly of based on capillary force at water/gas interface are settled compared to convection current
Body crystalline substance is gradually favored because of its convenient transferability by people.When colloidal particle suspension is added dropwise to water surface, hang
Supernatant liquid can be sprawled rapidly in the water surface, while drive colloidal particle to do corresponding motion in the water surface.Under capillary force effect, colloid grains
Son attracts each other and is finally paved with whole water/gas interface.By this method during Colloidal crystals are prepared, colloidal particle from
Assembly behavior is uncontrolled, and the dislocation between colloidal particle can introduce substantial amounts of internal stress in Colloidal crystals, eventually tend to be formed
Polycrystalline structure.Under normal circumstances, the area of individual domain arrives thousands of square microns between hundreds of.We have found in experimentation,
Outfield is introduced during preparing two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance at water/gas interface(Air-flow)Drive colloidal particle can in water/gas Interface Motion
Effectively eliminate because colloidal particle dislocation and caused by internal stress.Adjusted by introducing emulsifying agent in aqueous phase between colloidal particle
Capillary force size, and be aided with air-flow to promote the release of stress, finally can prepare large area at water/gas interface
(10cm2Left and right)Do not have defective two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline.
In principle, the two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance prepared at water/gas interface can be realized by czochralski method to different base surface
Transfer, but this transfer method can introduce water membrane between substrate and two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance, and in the brilliant preparation of two-dimensional colloidal
During the colloidal particle that is submerged in aqueous phase can also be introduced.After water volatilization, the colloidal particle that these are introduced into is just
The position of original colloidal particle in two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance can be substituted, and the colloidal particle that these positions are substituted then is randomly distributed in two
Tie up Colloidal crystals surface.Said on stricti jurise, in substrate surface be not now that two-dimensional colloidal truly is brilliant.In order to
Solves this problem, we are also improved the branch mode of Colloidal crystals.In our improved Colloidal crystals unperturbed transfer sides
In formula, substrate is close to wall in a manner of near vertical.After large-area two-dimensional colloid single crystal preparation is good, by being added dropwise along wall
The aqueous solution causes the connection in other three faces of colloid monocrystalline and wall to be blocked, colloid list after aqueous phase is siphoned off from container
It is brilliant just spontaneously to be deposited under capillary forces to wall, so as to realize the transfer on basad surface.Because in transfer process,
Substrate is approximately perpendicular to the water surface, so the formation of moisture film can be effectively prevented from, and then avoids two-dimensional colloidal single-crystal surface from freely dividing
The formation of the colloidal particle of cloth.In addition, improved Colloidal crystals branch mode is a spontaneous process, can be effectively prevented from using lifting
Disturbance of the human factor to colloid monocrystalline during method so that this transfer method has reliable repeatability.
Under said flow booster action the self assembly of water/gas interface prepare two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline size up to 10cm2It is left
Right and without any defect, preparation method is easy to operate, and the colloidal particle of different grains is applicable;Improved unperturbed branch mode
The transfer to different base surface in the case where not producing obvious disturbance to colloid monocrystalline can be realized.
The content of the invention
Its unperturbed transfer method is prepared it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline.
The two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline size of the present invention is up to 10cm2, preparation method is simply efficient;Improved unperturbed branch mode can be realized
Transfer in the case where not producing obvious disturbance to from colloid monocrystalline to different base surface.In order to realize the present invention, the present invention
Following technical proposals are provided:
A kind of flawless two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline of large area, it is characterised in that whole Colloidal crystals area is up to several squares lis
Rice.Preferably, two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline size reaches 10cm2。
According to the present invention, it is characterised in that preparing the raw material of the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline includes colloidal particle, and alcohols disperses
Medium, ionic emulsifying agent and pure water.
According to the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline of the present invention, it is characterised in that colloidal particle is close in six side Mi Dui at water/gas interface
Arrangement, it is very convenient to be shifted to required substrate surface.
According to the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline of the present invention, it is characterised in that the colloidal particle is micron or submicron-scale
Polymer or inorganic matter spherical colloid particles.Preferably, using polymer spherical particle as model particle.It is situated between so that the alcohols is scattered
On the basis of the dosage of matter, the concentration of colloidal particle is 5-50mg/mL.
According to the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline of the present invention, it is characterised in that two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline is in compressed gas in water/gas interface
Formed under the booster action of stream.
According to the present invention, the preferred methanol of alcohols decentralized medium, the binary dispersion that ethanol or propyl alcohol are formed with butanol
System;With the methanol, on the basis of the dosage of ethanol or propyl alcohol, the dosage of butanol is the former 3-9 times.
According to the present invention, on the basis of the dosage of pure water, the dosage of ionic emulsifying agent is 17.8-72.6mg/L.
In the present invention, colloidal particle is used to form each element in two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance.Alcohols decentralized medium is used to divide
Colloidal particle is dissipated, the fully dispersed of colloidal particle is the key for preparing high quality two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, in addition, point that we select
Granular media system can also effectively improve its floatability of colloidal particle.If its floatability of colloidal particle is too low, one side waste of materials, separately
On the one hand it is unfavorable for follow-up film transfer process, such as the particle for ultimately residing in Colloidal crystals surface can be formed as czochralski method.
Ionic emulsifying agent is used to adjust the surface tension of aqueous phase, so as to reach the purpose of capillary force between control colloidal particle.And
This is also critically important to the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline for preparing high quality.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, it is characterised in that including following
Step:
(1)Monodispersed colloidal particle is scattered in dihydric alcohol decentralized medium, forms stable suspension(It is excellent
Gated ultrasonic disperse);
(2)By step(1)In hanging drop be aided with compressed air stream to the water surface, while to the water surface(Throughput 3-6L/min)
Colloidal particle is driven in surface motions, until the whole water surface is paved with colloidal particle;
(3)Increase throughput(Such as control in 8-12L/min), drive the colloidal film formed by colloidal particle to travel forward
And finally form the flawless two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline of large area at water/gas interface.
The method according to the invention, the transfer of the two-dimensional colloidal single crystal direction substrate surface is by based on capillary force
What the spontaneous deposition process of mediation was realized.
According to the present invention, on the basis of the dosage of the alcohols decentralized medium, the concentration of colloidal particle is 5-50mg/mL.
According to the present invention, on the basis of the dosage of pure water, the dosage of ionic emulsifying agent is 17.8-72.6mg/L.
According to the present invention, the methanol, on the basis of the dosage of ethanol or propyl alcohol, the dosage of butanol is the former 3-9 times.
In the present invention, degree of scatter of the colloidal particle in dispersion depends on methanol, ethanol or propyl alcohol in dihydric alcohol
Ratio in decentralized medium, ratio are more high easier to be scattered.It was found that fully ultrasound can promote the scattered of colloidal particle.
In the present invention, the throughput is excessive, directly two dimensional crystal film can be dispelled, can not prepare perfect colloid list
It is brilliant.
The present invention also provides a kind of unperturbed transfer method of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, it is characterised in that bag
Include the following steps:
(1)Substrate is close into wall before water/gas interface prepares two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline to be immersed in the water, afterwards according to foregoing
Preparation method prepares large-area two-dimensional colloid monocrystalline at water/gas interface;
(2)Pure water is added dropwise along wall to break the brilliant connection between other three faces of wall of two-dimensional colloidal;
(3)Water is siphoned off container(Such as flow control is in 5-30mL/min), two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline is sent to remaining certainly
The wall face deposition of substrate is glued with, so as to realize two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline from the based transfer in water/gas interface.
Unperturbed branch mode in the present invention is spontaneous process, can effectively avoid human factor in transfer process to colloid
The disturbance of monocrystalline.Moreover, methods described is applicable the substrate with different close and distant water surfaces and curvature, have wide range of applications.
The preparation of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline involved in the present invention and its unperturbed transfer have advantages below:
1. raw material needed for the two-dimensional colloidal single crystal preparation is simple, cheap and easy to get, preparation method is simply efficient.
2. the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline size is big, up to 10cm2Left and right, and zero defect, the structure suitable for extensive ordered structure
Build.
3. the two-dimensional colloidal crystal formation is in water/gas interface, suitable for the transfer to various substrate surfaces.And existing method system
For the monocrystalline of the Centimeter Level gone out, preparation process quite expends the time, and without the other substrates transfers of normal direction.
4. improved unperturbed branch mode is spontaneous process, it can effectively avoid human factor in transfer process to colloid list
Brilliant disturbance.
5. improved unperturbed transfer method is applicable the substrate with different close and distant water surfaces and curvature, have a wide range of application
It is general.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is using the polystyrene particle that particle diameter is 1.4 μm as mould in the embodiment 1 that SEM obtains
Two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline made from type particle.
Fig. 2 is using the polystyrene particle that particle diameter is 1.4 μm as mould in the embodiment 2 that SEM obtains
Two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline made from type particle.
Fig. 3 is to pass through example 2(Fig. 3 a-e)With 3(Fig. 3 f-j)The large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance of preparation is transferred to glass
The optical photograph of laser light diffraction pattern after in glass substrate.
Fig. 4 is that the brilliant improved unperturbed transfer method of the large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal obtained by example 2 is transferred to
Hydrophobic polyvinyl chloride(Fig. 4 a)Substrate and a diameter of 1mm, copper cash of the surface covered with polyvinyl chloride(Fig. 4 b)Sweeping after substrate
Retouch electromicroscopic photograph.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is described in further detail.But protection scope of the present invention is not only
It is limited to following examples.According to present disclosure, it would be recognized by those skilled in the art that not departing from the technology of the present invention
In the case of technical characteristic and scope given by scheme, many is made to embodiment described above change and modifications and belong to this
The protection domain of invention.
Embodiment 1:
Raw material uses a diameter of 1.4 μm of monodisperse spherical polystyrene particle, dodecyl sodium sulfate, ethanol, butanol,
Pure water.Wherein, on the basis of pure water dosage, dodecyl sodium sulfate concentration is 17.9mg/mL;Second in colloidal particle suspension system
The ratio of alcohol and butanol is 1:7(v:v), on the basis of dihydric alcohol dosage, the concentration of colloidal particle is 30.0mg/mL.First by glue
Body particle is scattered in dihydric alcohol decentralized medium, after ultrasonic disperse is uniform, drips dropwise to the pure water table dissolved with dodecyl sodium sulfate
Face.Air-flow is imposed to the water surface by a flat nozzle while dropwise addition is dispersed with colloidal particle suspension(Flow 6.0L/
min), colloidal particle is no longer with air motion after colloidal particle is paved with the whole water surface.Increase air flow rate(10.0L/min),
Moving left and right nozzle by container bottom drives colloidal film integrally to move forward, until obtaining a colloidal film for being similar to minute surface, delays
It is slow to move forward nozzle, the above-mentioned colloidal film in minute surface is extended to whole water/gas interface.
The colloid monocrystalline of above-mentioned preparation is transferred in substrate of glass and using Japan by improved unperturbed branch mode
The field emission scanning electron microscope observation of HITACHI companies.Fig. 1 is with grain in the embodiment 1 that SEM obtains
The polystyrene particle of a diameter of 1.4 μm of son is model particle, and dodecyl sodium sulfate concentration is prepared in the case of being 17.9mg/mL
Two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline photo, photo size be 120 × 80 μm2。
Embodiment 2:
Raw material uses a diameter of 1.4 μm of monodisperse spherical polystyrene particle, dodecyl sodium sulfate, ethanol, butanol,
Pure water.Wherein, on the basis of pure water dosage, dodecyl sodium sulfate concentration is 35.7mg/mL;Second in colloidal particle suspension system
The ratio of alcohol and butanol is 1:7(v:v), on the basis of dihydric alcohol dosage, the concentration of colloidal particle is 30.0mg/mL.First by glue
Body particle is scattered in dihydric alcohol decentralized medium, after ultrasonic disperse is uniform, drips dropwise to the pure water table dissolved with dodecyl sodium sulfate
Face.Air-flow is imposed to the water surface by a flat nozzle while dropwise addition is dispersed with colloidal particle suspension(Flow 6.0L/
min), colloidal particle is no longer with air motion after colloidal particle is paved with the whole water surface.Increase air flow rate(10.0L/min),
Moving left and right nozzle by container bottom drives colloidal film integrally to move forward, until obtaining a colloidal film for being similar to minute surface, delays
It is slow to move forward nozzle, the above-mentioned colloidal film in minute surface is extended to whole water/gas interface.
The colloid monocrystalline of above-mentioned preparation is transferred in substrate of glass and using Japan by improved unperturbed branch mode
The field emission scanning electron microscope observation of HITACHI companies and the laser beam vertical incidence using spot diameter as 3mm, are used
Digital camera records diffraction pattern.Fig. 2 is poly- using particle diameter as 1.4 μm in the embodiment 2 that SEM obtains
Styrene particles are model particle, the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline that dodecyl sodium sulfate concentration is prepared in the case of being 35.7mg/mL
Photo, photo size be 120 × 80 μm2.Fig. 4 is that the large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance obtained by example 2 is improved
Unperturbed transfer method be transferred to hydrophobic polyvinyl chloride(Fig. 4 a)Substrate and a diameter of 1mm, surface is covered with polyvinyl chloride
Copper cash(Fig. 4 b)Stereoscan photograph after substrate.Photo size is 120 × 80 μm2.It is obvious that turned by improved unperturbed
Shifting mode can realize the transfer to different base surface in the case where not producing obvious disturbance to colloid monocrystalline.
Embodiment 3:
Raw material uses a diameter of 0.8 μm of monodisperse spherical polystyrene particle, dodecyl sodium sulfate, ethanol, butanol,
Pure water.Wherein, on the basis of pure water dosage, dodecyl sodium sulfate concentration is 35.7mg/mL;Second in colloidal particle suspension system
The ratio of alcohol and butanol is 1:7(v:v), on the basis of dihydric alcohol dosage, the concentration of colloidal particle is 30.0mg/mL.First by glue
Body particle is scattered in dihydric alcohol decentralized medium, after ultrasonic disperse is uniform, drips dropwise to the pure water table dissolved with dodecyl sodium sulfate
Face.Air-flow is imposed to the water surface by a flat nozzle while dropwise addition is dispersed with colloidal particle suspension(Flow 6.0L/
min), colloidal particle is no longer with air motion after colloidal particle is paved with the whole water surface.Increase air flow rate(10.0L/min),
Moving left and right nozzle by container bottom drives colloidal film integrally to move forward, until obtaining a colloidal film for being similar to minute surface, delays
It is slow to move forward nozzle, the above-mentioned colloidal film in minute surface is extended to whole water/gas interface.
The colloid monocrystalline of above-mentioned preparation is transferred in substrate of glass with spot diameter by improved unperturbed branch mode
For 3mm laser beam vertical incidence, and diffraction pattern is recorded with digital camera.Fig. 3 is to pass through example 2(Fig. 3 a-e)With 3(Figure
3f-j)The large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal crystalline substance of preparation be transferred in substrate of glass after laser light diffraction pattern optics shine
Piece.Laser beam spot sizes used are 3mm.When laser beam vertical incidence, can almost be obtained as shown in the figure in whole substrate
Regular hexagon diffraction pattern, show that thus method obtains is a monoblock colloid monocrystalline.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps:
(1)Monodispersed colloidal particle is scattered in di-alcohols decentralized medium, stable suspension is formed by ultrasonic disperse;
(2)By step(1)In hanging drop be aided with compressed air stream band to the water surface with ionic emulsifying agent, while to the water surface
Dynamic colloidal particle is in surface motions, until the whole water surface is paved with colloidal particle, the throughput of the compressed air stream is 3-6 L/
min;
(3)After the water surface is paved with colloidal particle, increases air flow rate, drive the colloidal film formed by colloidal particle to travel forward simultaneously
Finally the flawless two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline of large area is formed at water/gas interface;The air flow rate control is in 8-12 L/min.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline size reaches 10 cm2And lacked without any
Fall into.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline is micron or sub-micron by size
The monodisperse polymer particle or inorganic matter spheroidal particle of level are formed.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the colloidal particle is tight in six side Mi Dui at water/gas interface
Solid matter arranges;The colloidal particle is the polymer or inorganic matter spherical colloid particles of micron or submicron-scale.
5. according to any one of claim 1-4 method, it is characterised in that the di-alcohols decentralized medium is methanol, ethanol
Or the binary dispersion that propyl alcohol is formed with butanol;With the methanol, on the basis of the dosage of ethanol or propyl alcohol, the dosage of butanol is
The former 3-9 times;On the basis of the dosage of pure water, the dosage of the ionic emulsifying agent is 17.8-72.6 mg/L;With described
On the basis of the dosage of alcohols decentralized medium, the concentration of the colloidal particle is 5-50 mg/mL.
6. a kind of unperturbed transfer method of large area zero defect two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline,
Characterized in that, described method comprises the following steps:
(1)Substrate is close into wall before water/gas interface prepares two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline to be immersed in the water, afterwards by claim 1-
Any one of 5 methods describeds prepare large-area two-dimensional colloid monocrystalline at water/gas interface;
(2)Pure water is added dropwise along wall to break the brilliant connection between other three faces of wall of two-dimensional colloidal;
(3)Water is siphoned off container, the two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline deposits from the remaining wall face for being glued with substrate is sent to, so as to
Realize two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline from the based transfer in water/gas interface.
7. the unperturbed transfer method of two-dimensional colloidal monocrystalline according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step(3)In, water is suctioned out
The flow of container is controlled in 5-30 mL/min.
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CN101497067A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-08-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Preparation method for assembling large-area ordered microsphere template by liquid level swirl method |
CN102826505A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-19 | 电子科技大学 | Self-assembly preparation method of colloidal microsphere single-layer film |
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CN1512179A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2004-07-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Particle formwork and particle assembling and transferring method |
CN101318618A (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2008-12-10 | 东南大学 | Process for producing one-dimensional nano material film removing orientation by solution |
CN101497067A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-08-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Preparation method for assembling large-area ordered microsphere template by liquid level swirl method |
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