CN1036959C - 带有蓄能凸轮的遥控断路器 - Google Patents

带有蓄能凸轮的遥控断路器 Download PDF

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CN1036959C
CN1036959C CN94102780A CN94102780A CN1036959C CN 1036959 C CN1036959 C CN 1036959C CN 94102780 A CN94102780 A CN 94102780A CN 94102780 A CN94102780 A CN 94102780A CN 1036959 C CN1036959 C CN 1036959C
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circuit breaker
cam
remote
control circuit
drive rod
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CN1095185A (zh
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让-皮埃尔·内邦
皮埃尔·巴金斯基
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Schneider Electric SE
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H71/70Power reset mechanisms actuated by electric motor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H3/3031Means for locking the spring in a charged state
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/12Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041Rotating bridge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H2071/665Power reset mechanisms the reset mechanism operating directly on the normal manual operator, e.g. electromagnet pushes manual release lever back into "ON" position

Abstract

一种遥控断路器包括一个由带有滚轮(68)的驱动杆(58)连接到转柄(24)的机构(42),该滚轮(68)与一带有弹簧(50)的能量贮存装置(48)的蓄能凸轮(64)相配合。一支承面(104)使滚轮(68)在蓄能位置锁住,而不会出现暂时的卡住现象,这是由于滚轮(68)的反作用力R的方向通过凸轮(64)的传动轴(66)。一摆动型步进电机驱动传动轴(66)转动,并且能使凸轮(64)在滚轮(68)与支承表面(104)接触时得到几乎是暂时的停止。

Description

带有蓄能凸轮的遥控断路器
本发明涉及一种遥控断路器,该断路器由一遥控单元和一带有绝缘壳体的多极断路器构成的组件形成。
在现有技术中,在压缩和释放方向上完成闭合弹簧的致动,公知的方式是重新确定一个使一操作凸轮和一驱动杆相配合的机构。这种类型的装置已在EP-A-222,645中所公开,在该文献中,其凸轮在蓄能状态有暂时卡住的现象。这种卡住现象是由一个与一半月形锁紧销相联的闭合棘齿引起的,该锁紧销或者由一按钮机械控制,或者由一跳闸电磁铁的激磁电动控制。由于在凸轮上的不平衡转矩的反作用,棘齿的存在是必需的,转矩是由弹簧的伸展及由滚轮作用在凸轮上形成的夹角所引起,并且作用方向通过滚轮及凸轮主轴。这种装置结构复杂而且机构的成本高。
本发明的目的在于改进用于多极断路器的遥控机构。
为此目的,本发明提供一种遥控断路器,该断路器由一遥控单元和一多极带有绝缘壳体的断路器构成的组件形成,断路器装有:
-一个与一个跳闸机构和一个转动柄相关联的第一操作机构;
-一个由可分接触装置构成的装置,该装置的每一极由一个机械连接在第一操作机构上的转换杆驱协;
遥控单元连接在绝缘外壳的端板上并包括:
-一个滑块,断路器的转动柄与该滑块配合;
-一个第二机构,该第二机构通过一个驱动杆与滑块连接,并且具有一个由一齿轮电机或一紧急手动控制装置驱动的蓄能凸轮,以便在至少一个闭合弹簧上贮存机械能量,所说蓄能凸轮有一第一区和一用于释放一牢固地连接在驱动杆上的滚轮的第二区,
所说蓄能凸轮具有一个位于第一区和第二区之间的第三支承表面,由于滚轮的反作用力R的作用方向线穿过蓄能凸轮的传动轴,第三支承表面使滚轮稳定在驱动杆的蓄能位置,并且齿轮电机具有这样的装置,该装置在滚轮到达第三支承表面附近时,能使蓄能凸轮的停止几乎是暂时的。
滚轮在凸轮的支承表面上的蓄能位置是稳定的,并且没有驱动力作用在凸轮上,这是因为凸轮的作用方向与通过滚轮和凸轮的轴的连线方向一致。因此,不需要一个用来保持凸轮平衡的暂时锁紧棘齿。由于电闭合指令被直接输给齿轮电机,取消闭合电磁铁也是可行的。这样,第二机构的结构变得简单了。
断路器的操纵及能量在闭合弹簧中贮存是利用凸轮和滚轮组件完成的,凸轮轴通过齿轮电机电动驱动,或通过紧急控制装置手动驱动。断路器的快速闭合是由于滚轮的障碍总通过凸轮产生的,凸轮由齿轮电机电动驱动,或者由闭合按钮进行手动驱动。
蓄能凸轮的支承表面的形状是平的或者曲面的。
利用摆动型电机,能使蓄能凸轮在蓄能位置保持暂的停动。
按照本发明的一种结构,第二机构具有一个与用于驱动凸轮到泄能位置的装置相配合第一手动按钮,在该位置滚轮接近第二区,使闭合弹簧快速释放。
按照本发明的另一种结构,第二机构具有一个第二手动断开按钮,该按钮与第一机构的一个跳闸推杆相配合。
本发明的其他优点和结构通过下面的实施例描述将变得更为清楚,所述实施例是非限制性的,并且在附图中:
图1是本发明的遥控断路器的透视图。
图2和图3表示两个从右侧和左侧看的本发明的遥控单元的透视图。
图4是遥控单元的第二机构的示意剖面图,表示蓄能位置。
图5是沿图3中5-5剖线的第二机构的剖面图。
图6表示断路器处于断路状态,遥控单元处于蓄能状态,同时在闭合按钮上无作用力。
图7表示断路器处于闭合状态,遥控单元在闭合按钮被压下后处于泄能状态。
图8和图9类似于图6和图7,分别表示作用力作用在断路按钮之前和之后的状态。
图1和图6至9表示一个遥控断路器10,该遥控断路器10由一个能量贮存遥控单元11和一个具有模制绝缘外壳13的断路器12构成的组件形成。断路器12是一个具有多极型壳体的由可分接触装置14(图6和8)构成的装置,它们的可移动的接触桥16的每一极被设置在转换杆18的一个孔内。
转换杆18由一个第一操作机构20致动,第一操作机构20由一对过载电流敏感的跳闸机构22控制,并且与一从绝缘外壳13中伸出的曲柄销或转动柄24一起工作。跳闸机构22可以是电或磁热的。一跳闸掣子26(图8和9)被转动地安装一固定轴28上,并且装有一个在锁紧位置与一锁紧插销32相配合的锁紧面30,锁紧插销32铰接在一轴34上。锁紧插销32通过一半月形掣子36被卡在锁紧位置,并由跳闸机构22控制,以便在故障出现时,断路器能自动切断。跳闸掣子26通过一个曲柄杠杆机构(未示出)被连接到转换杆18上,并且转动柄24可以具有三个不同的位置,这三个位置是:
-一个相对接触装置14闭合的第一闭合位置(图7和8),并且该位置相对于曲柄杠杆机构的伸展,在得到一个闭合指令后能允许遥控单元11操作;
-一个相对于接触装置14断开的第二断路位置,该位置在得到一个断开指令后能允许遥控单元11操作;
-一个相对于接触装置14分开的第三跳闸位置,在该位置,由跳闸机构22发出一个跳闸指令,通过锁紧插销32释放掣子26后,能使曲柄杠杆机构断开。
接触装置14包括:例如,一个与一对固定触点38、40配合作用的双断点回转式接触桥16,详见本申请人的FR-A-2,622,347。显而易见,任何其它类型的装置,特别是单断点型接触装置都可使用。
遥控单元11(图4和5)由一叠加的组件构成,该组件在其端盖被卸下之后被固定在断路器12的相应端面上。
在遥控单元11的内部有一个处于两支承板44、46之间的第二机构42,两支承板在遥控单元的中心部位相互平行地延伸。第二机构42具有一个能量贮存装置48,其包括一个闭合弹簧50,闭合弹簧50安装在处于一固定止块54和一驱动杆58的传递钩爪56之间的可伸缩支撑52上。这种能量贮存装置48例如在EP-A-222,645中被描述。
驱动杆58可转动地安装在一个牢固地连接在支承板44、46上的轴60上,与轴60相反,驱动杆58具有一个驱动销62,该驱动销62用来与转动柄24相啮合,以使断路器12的触点38、40、16闭合。此外,第二机构42包括一个安装在一横向传动轴66上的蓄能凸轮64和一驱动杆58,传动轴66垂直延伸到支承板44、46上。蓄能凸轮64与一安装在驱动杆58上的可自由转动的滚轮68相配合。蓄能凸轮64的轮廓包括一个用于给闭合弹簧蓄能的第一区70和一个用于释放滚轮68第二区72,这样由于闭合弹簧50的放松作用,驱动杆58可产生一高速的顺时针方向的转动。
第二机构42设置在一齿轮电动机74(在图5中的左侧)和一紧急手动控制装置76(在图5中的右侧)之间。传动轴66的一端连接在一第一齿轮78上,第一齿轮78与一靠电机82驱动的第二齿轮80相啮合。第二齿轮80的直径比第一齿轮小,以便使转速减小。传动轴66的另一端固定连接在紧急手动控制装置76上,紧急手动控制装置76包括一个操纵杆84,该杆与传动轴66的第三齿轮88相啮合的棘齿86一起可产生一替代电机驱动的驱动。
在传动轴66上还安装有一个用于闭合控制装置的第一辅助凸轮90,其能借助于一个第一闭合按钮94与一驱动杆92相配合。第一辅助凸轮90和驱动杆92明显地处于同一平面内,该平面处于支承板46和一第二辅助凸轮96之间,用以控制信号连接系统(未示出)。
电机82最好包括一个具有一U形磁回路装有两个励磁线圈的电磁铁98和一个可摆动安装在一主轴102上的转子100,并且与一单向飞轮传动系统(未示出)相配合,以将转子110的摆动运动转换为第二齿轮80的逐步的或步进的旋转运动。这种类型的一种电动机被描述在例如FR-A-2,654,254中。显而易见,任何其它类的电动机也可用来在同一旋转方向上驱动传动轴66。
蓄能凸轮64具有一第三支承表面104,其处于第一区70和第二区72之间,以夹持滚轮68固定在第二机构42的蓄能位置。第三支承表面104的形状相应地为平面或以盘形的形式略为弯曲,并且滚轮68作用在第三支承表面104上的反作用力R(图4)通过蓄能凸轮64的传动轴66传递到蓄能位置。反作用力R明显垂直于第三支承表面104,并传动且不会产生任何破坏蓄能凸轮64和驱动杆58的平衡状态的扭矩。
第二机构42还具有一个与第一操作机构20的半月形掣子36的跳闸推杆108相配合的第二断开按钮106(图和9)。跳闸推杆108设置在半月形掣子36和第二断开按钮106的底端之间。
断路器的转动柄24与一滑块110相啮合,滑块110在直线上可自由移动地安装在两支承板44、46的滑轨112内。滑块110由驱动杆58的驱动销62在转动柄24的断开和闭合位置之间被推动。
遥控断路器10的操纵如下:
图9表示断路器在跳闸位置,并且遥控单元11处于泄能状态。通过半月形掣子36,锁紧插销32的非锁紧状态使接触装置14断开,但是转动柄24由驱动杆58和滑块110保持固定在相对于闭合位置的左半部位置。在图9中锁紧插销32的释放是根据一个手动指令通过压下第二断开按钮实现的,具体说来是作用在跳闸推杆108上。锁紧插销32的释放运动还可以自动产生,即或者通过跳闸机构22在故障出现时产生,或者通过MX分路式遥控跳闸辅助装置(未示出)产生。当能量贮存装置48的闭合弹簧50被放松时,驱动杆58被推到一个行程端部止块114上。
当释放第二断开按钮106后,遥控单元11从图9的位置通过一传递到电机82的激励指令自动地或者通过与紧急手动控制装置76结合在一起的操纵杆84的交替脉冲运动手动地复位是可能的。不论选择何种驱动方式,传动轴66始终在同一方向上转动。
蓄能凸轮64与传动轴66一起顺时针方向转动,与滚轮68相配合的第一区70使驱动杆58绕轴60逆时针方向转动,这样闭合弹簧50的压缩过程被完成。当滚轮68与第三支承表面104接触时,蓄能凸轮64转动停止,随后,驱动杆58同时靠滑块110使断路器12的转动柄24移动到断开位置。
在图6所示位置,断路器12处于断开装置,遥控单元11处于蓄能状态。当滚轮68触到第二支承表面104时,停止向摆动电机82供电,蓄能凸轮64将停转。在保持稳定的平衡位置,虽然没有附加的锁紧,但无驱动力作用在蓄能凸轮64上,这归于滚轮68的反作用力R经过蓄能凸轮64的传动轴66。
从图6的位置开始,压下第一闭合按钮94,通过第一辅助凸轮90的驱动杆92,蓄能凸轮64将顺时针转动。滚轮68离开第三支承表面104,然后与第二区72接触,从而闭合弹簧50贮存的能量释放,进而由于驱动杆58的作用使断路器12的接触装置(触点)高速闭合(图7)。驱动销62将转动柄24移动到相对于闭合位置的左侧。在图7中,断路器12被闭合,遥控单元11处于泄能状态。
图8所示的断路器的状态相当于在图7中第一闭合按钮96已经被释放后的断路器状态。在此位置,当压下第二断开按钮106后,可将其转换到图9所示的状态。
从图7的位置使遥控单元11补充能量,以及利用电机82或利用紧急手动控制装置76的手动作用使断路器12断开是可以想象到的。
可以注意到,断路器的断开,以及在闭合弹簧50内贮存可由蓄能凸轮64和驱动杆58的滚轮68的相应部位来完成,蓄能凸轮64由齿轮电机74电动驱动或者是由紧急手动控制装置76手动驱动。断路器12的快速闭合是由于滚轮68的障碍点通过蓄能凸轮64所致,障碍点通过凸轮是由齿轮电机74的电驱动或者由手动压下第一闭合按钮94产生的。

Claims (9)

1.一种遥控断路器(10),该断路器由一遥控单元(11)和一多极带有绝缘壳体(13)的断路器(12)构成的组件形成,断路器(12)装有:
-一个与一个跳闸机构(22)和一个转动柄(24)相关联的第一操作机构(20);
-一个由可分接触装置(14)构成的装置,该装置的每一极由一个机械连接在第一操作机构(20)上的转换杆(18)驱动;
遥控单元(11)连接在绝缘外壳(13)的端板上并包括:
-一个滑块(110),断路器(12)的转动柄(24)与该滑块配合;
-一个第二机构(42),该第二机构(42)通过一个驱动杆(58)与滑块(110)连接,并且具有一个由一个齿轮电机(74)或一紧急手动控制装置(76)驱动的蓄能凸轮(64),以便在至少一个闭合弹簧(50)上贮存机械能量,所说蓄能凸轮(64)有一第一区(70)和一用于释放一牢固地连接在驱动杆(58)上的滚轮(68)的第二区(72),其特征在于:
所说蓄能凸轮(64)具有一个位于第一区(70)和第二区(72)之间的第三支承表面(104),由于滚轮(68)的反作用力R的作用方向线穿过蓄能凸轮(64)的传动轴(66),第三支承表面(104)使滚轮(68)稳定在驱动杆(58)的蓄能位置,并且齿轮电机(74)具有这样的装置,该装置在滚轮(68)到达第三支承表面(104)附近时,能使蓄能凸轮(64)的停止几乎是暂时的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的遥控断路器,其特征在于,驱动杆(58)可转动地安装在一个由两支承板(44、46)支承的主轴(60)上,所说驱动杆包括一个传递钩爪(56),闭合弹簧(50)的能量贮存装置(48)铰接在该传递钩爪(56)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的遥控断路器,其特征在于,在所说蓄能凸轮(64)上的第三支承表面(104)是平的。
4.根据权利要求1所述的遥控断路器,其特征在于,在所说蓄能凸轮(64)上的第三支承表面(104)被弯曲形成一盘,以增加第二机构(42)在蓄能位置的平衡状态。
5.根据权利要求1的遥控断路器,其特征在于,所说蓄能凸轮(64)的传动轴(66)的一端连接在由第一齿轮(78)和由电机(82)驱动的第二齿轮(80)组成的减速装置上,另一端机械地与紧急手动控制装置(76)连接,并且与电机(82)和紧急手动控制装置(76)相配合的装置驱动传动轴(66)在同一方向上转动。
6.根据权利要求5所述的遥控断路器,其特征在于,电机(82)包括励磁电磁铁(98)和一转子(100),能交替摆动的转子(100)与一单向飞轮传动系统配合,以将转子(100)的摆动运动转换为步进的旋转运动。
7.根据权利要求5的遥控断路器,其特征在于,第二机构(42)具有一个第一闭合按钮(94),该第一闭合按钮(94)与用于使所说蓄能凸轮(64)到达泄能位置的第一辅助凸轮(90)的驱动杆(92)相配合,在该泄能位置,滚轮(68)靠近第二区(72),使闭合弹簧(50)快速释放。
8.根据权利要求7所述的遥控断路器,其特征在于,用于驱动蓄能凸轮(64)的所说装置包括一个用键联接在传动轴(66)上的第一辅助凸轮(90)和一个设置在第一辅助凸轮(90)和第一闭合按钮(94)之间的间接驱动杆(92)。
9.根据权利要求5的遥控断路器,其特征在于,第二机构(42)具有一个与第一操作机构(20)的跳闸推杆(108)相配合的第二手动断开按钮(106)。
CN94102780A 1993-02-16 1994-02-15 带有蓄能凸轮的遥控断路器 Expired - Lifetime CN1036959C (zh)

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US5504290A (en) 1996-04-02
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CN1095185A (zh) 1994-11-16
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EP0612091B1 (fr) 1997-09-17
ES2109642T3 (es) 1998-01-16
FR2701596A1 (fr) 1994-08-19
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FR2701596B1 (fr) 1995-04-14

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