CN103693746B - Biological slow-filtration device - Google Patents
Biological slow-filtration device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103693746B CN103693746B CN201310628651.0A CN201310628651A CN103693746B CN 103693746 B CN103693746 B CN 103693746B CN 201310628651 A CN201310628651 A CN 201310628651A CN 103693746 B CN103693746 B CN 103693746B
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- slow
- water
- elbow
- chimney filter
- reservoir
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological slow-filtration device, belonging to the field of rainwater recycling. The biological slow-filtration device comprises an impounding reservoir with a rainwater tube, a clear water reservoir, and a slow-filtration tube which is horizontally arranged at a joint between the impounding reservoir and the clear water reservoir, wherein the impounding reservoir and the clear water reservoir are communicated with each other by the slow-filtration tube; elbows are arranged at the two ends of the slow-filtration tube; a filter material is arranged in the slow-filtration tube. Rainwater in the impounding reservoir is percolated by the filter material in the slow-filtration tube, so that water quality is purified, and the purified rainwater enters the clear water reservoir under action of water-head difference. As the slow-filtration tube with the elbows at the two ends is adopted, bricking on site is avoided and the probability that water flow short-circuit is caused by partial water leakage of the slow-filtration tube is reduced; the filter material is more convenient and easily controlled to fill and replace, and the elbows prevent the filter material from overflowing out of the slow-filtration tube, so that a better slow-filtration effect is ensured. The impounding reservoir, the clear water reservoir and the slow-filtration tube are automatically integrated, and the slow-filtration tube is convenient to mount, dismount and replace, so that manufacturing cost can be effectively lowered, construction installation is simplified, and a slow-filtration purifying effect is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rainwater recycle and utilize field, particularly a kind of biological slow filtering device.
Background technology
Some lack the normal collected rainwater in area of drinking water source as Drinking Water.For improving the water quality of the rainwater harvested, people take the different technologies comprising Biology Slow Filtering Techniques, process the rainwater harvested.Wherein Biology Slow Filtering Techniques treatment effect is better, the requirement that when normally running, effluent quality can reach " GB5749-2006 (drinking water sanitary standard) ".
At present, bio slow-filtrating device for rain water accumulation mainly comprises: the water reservoir be connected with rain pipe, be arranged on the clean water basin on water reservoir side, wherein, brick slow filter sand groove between clean water basin and water reservoir, and clean water basin and water reservoir are communicated with each other by this slow filter sand groove, filtrate is provided with in slow filter sand groove, its principle of work is: rainwater is collected by rain pipe and after importing water reservoir, and is purified water after the filtrate diafiltration in slow filter sand groove, purifies waste water to enter clean water basin by self-pressure.
Realizing in process of the present invention, contriver finds that prior art at least exists following problem:
Existing bio slow-filtrating device for rain water accumulation is brick slow filter sand groove between water reservoir and clean water basin, and its construction and installation more complicated on the one hand, easily makes sand launder part leak and causes current short circuit in diafiltration process in brick process; On the other hand, brick slow filter sand groove easily has position, dead angle, and the degree of filling of wayward filtrate in sand launder and degree of compactness, easily cause filtrate in slow filter sand groove not to be full of completely; Above two aspects all easily produce the phenomenon not easily ensureing slow filter effect.
Summary of the invention
Slowly filtering to solve prior art the problem that effect not easily ensures, embodiments providing a kind of biological slow filtering device.Described technical scheme is as follows:
Embodiments provide a kind of biological slow filtering device, comprise the water reservoir with rain pipe and clean water basin, described biological slow filtering device also comprises: be arranged on the slow chimney filter between described water reservoir and described clean water basin, the two ends of described slow chimney filter are respectively arranged with the first elbow and the second elbow, described first elbow is communicated with described water reservoir, described second elbow is communicated with described clean water basin, is also provided with filtrate in described slow chimney filter.
Particularly, as preferably, the material of described slow chimney filter is selected from rigid plastics.
As preferably, the quantity of described slow chimney filter is at least one.
Particularly, as preferably, described slow chimney filter is pipe, and the bore of described pipe is 100mm-200mm.
Particularly, as preferably, the port of described first elbow and described second elbow all upwards.
Particularly, as preferably, the angle of described first elbow and described second elbow and described slow chimney filter is 90 °.
Particularly, as preferably, the bore of described first elbow and described second elbow reduces gradually to the direction of described slow chimney filter.
Particularly, as preferably, described filtrate is selected from least one of quartz sand, river sand, extra large sand, ceramic filter material, rare earth porcelain grit filtrate.
Particularly, as preferably, the particle diameter of described filtrate is 0.2-0.5mm.
As preferably, described clean water basin and water reservoir are the concentric circular pond arranged.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is brought is:
The biological slow filtering device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by two ends are arranged between described water reservoir and described clean water basin with the slow chimney filter of the first elbow and the second elbow respectively, first elbow is communicated with water reservoir, second elbow is communicated with clean water basin, and filtrate is provided with in this slow chimney filter, thus making the filtrate diafiltration of rainwater in slow chimney filter that be stored in water reservoir, water quality is purified, and enters clean water basin under the effect of head difference.Two ends, with the slow chimney filter of elbow, avoid on-the-spot brick, on the one hand, decrease slow chimney filter and leak and cause the probability of current short circuit; On the other hand, the filling of filtrate with change convenient and easily control, and elbow effectively prevents filtrate from overflowing slow chimney filter, thus the biological slow filtering device that the embodiment of the present invention is provided has and better filters effect slowly.In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, water reservoir, clean water basin and slow chimney filter have a style of one's own, and slow chimney filter handling, replacing conveniently, effectively can reduce cost, simplify construction and installation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the biological slow filtering device structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the biological slow filtering device sectional view that further embodiment of this invention provides.
Wherein, 1 water reservoir,
2 clean water basin,
3 rain pipes,
4 slow chimney filters,
41 first elbows,
42 second elbows,
5 evacuated tube,
6 intake pipes,
7 clean water basin lids,
8 cover plates,
9 clean water basin imports,
10 water (flow) directions,
11 partition walls.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, embodiments provide a kind of biological slow filtering device, comprise the water reservoir 1 with rain pipe 3 and clean water basin 2, described biological slow filtering device also comprises: be arranged on the slow chimney filter 4 between described water reservoir 1 and described clean water basin 2, the two ends of described slow chimney filter are respectively arranged with the first elbow 41 and the second elbow 42, described first elbow 41 is communicated with described water reservoir 1, and described second elbow 42 is communicated with described clean water basin 2, is also provided with filtrate in described slow chimney filter 4.
The biological slow filtering device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by two ends are arranged between water reservoir 1 and clean water basin 2 with the slow chimney filter 4 of the first elbow 41 and the second elbow 42 respectively, first elbow 41 is communicated with water reservoir 1, second elbow 42 is communicated with clean water basin 2, and filtrate is provided with in this slow chimney filter 4, thus making the filtrate diafiltration of rainwater in slow chimney filter 4 that be stored in water reservoir 1, its water quality is purified, and enters clean water basin 2 under the effect of head difference.Two ends, with the slow chimney filter 4 of elbow 41, avoid on-the-spot brick, on the one hand, decrease slow chimney filter part and leak and cause the probability of current short circuit; On the other hand, the filling of filtrate with change convenient and easily control, and elbow prevents filtrate to overflow slow chimney filter, thus the biological slow filtering device that the embodiment of the present invention is provided has and better filters effect slowly.In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, water reservoir 1, clean water basin 2 have a style of one's own with slow chimney filter 4, and slow chimney filter 4 loads and unloads, change convenience, effectively can reduce cost, simplifies construction and installation.
This biological slow filtering device principle of work is as follows: the rainwater collected imports in water reservoir 1 (needing if desired to enter water reservoir 1 more after pretreatment) by rain pipe 5, and be stored in rainwater in water reservoir 1 after the filtrate diafiltration in slow chimney filter 4, water quality is purified.Owing to there is head difference between water reservoir 1 and clean water basin 2, the water under the effect of head difference in water reservoir 1 by water (flow) direction 10 through slow chimney filter 4 to meet the flow velocity diafiltration of design requirements to clean water basin 2, until head difference is zero between water reservoir 1 and clean water basin 2.According to using water needs, water intaking the intake pipe 6 that water user can be arranged at any time bottom clean water basin 2.Because causing clean water basin 2 median water level to reduce from clean water basin 2 water intaking, or because of generation rainfall rain enter water reservoir 1 cause water reservoir 1 median water level to rise time, produce head difference between water reservoir 1 and clean water basin 2, then automatically will repeat said process.
According to pertinent data, about there are more than 2,000 ten thousand people current rural areas in our country with what to collect rain-water pit retaining be drinking water source, in water cellar water-quality guideline, intestinal bacteria, total number of bacterial colony, organism, turbidity and naked eyes visible etc. generally exceed standard, water quality can not reach drinking water sanitary standard requirement, biological slow filtering device provided by the invention has higher economic serviceability, simple validity, is easy to be accepted by peasant household, has great social effect and economic implications to the water quality of solution or raising Drinking Water in China water cellar
As preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the material of slow chimney filter 4 is selected from rigid plastics.
In the embodiment of the present invention, slow chimney filter 4 can be the slow chimney filter of rigid plastics material, and so not only cost is lower, and is convenient to build and construction.And meet and be advisable for water quality standard.Wherein the mounting height of slow chimney filter can be spacing at the bottom of pipeline outer edge and pond is 5cm, and does buttress support by masonry and sand-cement slurry and stablize slow chimney filter 4, see accompanying drawing 1.Guarantee that the intersection of slow chimney filter and clean water basin 2 and water reservoir 1 should seal non-leakage water.
As preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the quantity of slow chimney filter 4 is at least one, according to the demand of actual amount of water, can arrange multiple slow chimney filter 4 between clean water basin 2 and water reservoir 1, to improve the efficiency of slow filter.
Particularly, in the embodiment of the present invention, slow chimney filter 4 is pipe, and the bore of this pipe is 100mm-200mm.
The design of slow chimney filter 4 should meet the requirement of filtering velocity and conveyance capacity two aspect:
One, filtering velocity requires: the decontamination effect improving aspect of the biological slow filter of collateral security, requires maximum rate of filtering≤0.3m/h.In pipeline, the calculation formula of filtering velocity V is:
V=k·ΔH/L （1）
Wherein, V is the flow velocity that water passes through slow chimney filter, and unit is m/h; K is the permeability coefficient of filtrate, and relevant with particle diameter of filter medium size and degree of uniformity etc., unit is m/h; Δ H is the head difference at slow chimney filter two ends, and relevant with water reservoir lift velocity or clean water basin water level decreasing speed, unit is m, affects the factor more complicated of Δ H, calculates according to theoretical analysis and the desirable 1m of practical experience; L is slow chimney filter length, and unit is m.In the embodiment of the present invention, in slow chimney filter, filtrate generally adopts particle diameter to be the filtrate of 0.2-0.5mm, and its average permeate coefficient is 5-10m/d, i.e. 0.21-0.41m/h.
According to formula (1), the slow filtering velocity filtering journey is required for V≤0.3m/h, then have L >=3.3K Δ H, that is, L >=0.7-1.4m.So under normal circumstances, the desirable 1.0m-1.2m of length of slow chimney filter 4.
Two, conveyance capacity requires: under normal circumstances, can meet water demand every day of water storage facility service population.The bore of filtering velocity and slow chimney filter has nothing to do, but relevant with the bore D of slow chimney filter by the water yield W of slow chimney filter, sees formula (2):
W=K·（ΔH/L）·（3.14·（D/2）
2） （2）
The bore of required slow chimney filter 4 can be calculated by formula (2).When taking the water yield and be larger from clean water basin, the head difference between water reservoir and clean water basin can be made to increase, thus make to be increased by the filtering velocity of slow chimney filter, also just be increased by the water yield of slow chimney filter, the water level of water reservoir and clean water basin finally can be made to be consistent.The present invention is according to calculating and being shown by verification experimental verification, and under normal circumstances, water cellar cubic capacity is at 100m
3following single household storing facilities of water, every daily water consumption is when 200-400 liter/sky, employing bore is that the pipeline of 200mm can meet the demands as slow chimney filter, according to actual needs, also can adopt at least one bore be the pipeline of 100mm-200mm as slow chimney filter, thus ensure better filter effect slowly.
According to the design requirement of above-mentioned slow chimney filter, particularly, as preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the port of the first elbow 41 and described second elbow 42 all upwards.
Particularly, as preferably, described first elbow 41 and described second elbow 42 are 90 ° with the angle of described slow chimney filter 4.
In the embodiment of the present invention, slow chimney filter 4 preferred levels used is placed, or is tilted to lower setting along water reservoir 1 a little to clean water basin 2 direction, so that current are from water reservoir 1 to the diafiltration of clean water basin 2, reduces diafiltration time, increases the efficiency of slow filter.For avoiding the filtrate in slow chimney filter 4 to overflow, in the embodiment of the present invention, the port of the first elbow 41 and described second elbow 42 all upwards, and more specifically, the first elbow 41 and the second elbow 42 are 90 ° (elbow port direction all upward) with the angle of this slow chimney filter 4.Elbow is so arranged, and ensure that drainage and the effect of anti-filtrate spilling of elbow.
Particularly, as preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bore of the first elbow 41 and the second elbow 42 reduces gradually to the direction of described slow chimney filter.
The device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, utilizes Biology Slow Filtering Techniques, and degradable organism in rainwater is processed by the transudation of filtrate and the microbial film adhered on filtrate.Because under normal operating conditions, bacterial adhesion in rainwater filter material surface growth, breeding, after certain hour, the biological mucosa thin layer containing multiple-microorganism and algae can be formed at filter material surface, this biological mucosa thin layer can suspended impurity in trap water, make the pollutant removal in the rainwater such as the turbidity in water, colourity, microorganism, organism, water quality is purified, and effluent quality meets national rural potable water matter safety standards.In the embodiment of the present invention, the bore of the first elbow 41 and the second elbow 42 reduces gradually to the direction of described slow chimney filter, thus make elbow compared with the surface-area of the biological mucosa thin layer of slow chimney filter 4 connecting portion in slow chimney filter cross-sectional area larger, (especially the first elbow and slow chimney filter 4 connecting portion), significantly can not only increase the working efficiency of slow filter, also can extend the work-ing life of slow chimney filter 4 and filtrate, setting like this, adding biological slow filtering device provided by the invention has higher economic serviceability.Certainly, it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the bore of the slow chimney filter of the bore of above-mentioned elbow and this also can keep identical.But in order to guarantee to filter effect slowly preferably further, guarantee that the interface of the body of whole slow chimney filter 4 and elbow and slow chimney filter 4 is water-tight.
Particularly, as preferably, described filtrate is selected from least one of quartz sand, river sand, extra large sand, ceramic filter material, rare earth porcelain grit filtrate.
Particularly, as preferably, the particle diameter of described filtrate is 0.2-0.5mm.
In order to ensure that the water quality in water reservoir 1 is effectively purified, in the embodiment of the present invention, filtrate is selected from least one of quartz sand, river sand, extra large sand, ceramic filter material, rare earth porcelain grit filtrate, and the particle diameter of above-mentioned filtrate is 0.2-0.5mm.This filtrate on-the-spotly when mounted can load or load in advance, control and ensure to be full of closely knit filtrate completely in slow chimney filter.In addition, according to the demand of actual used water water quality, other filtrate can be loaded at slow chimney filter 4, such as, glass microballon etc., thus the suitability and the practicality that increase the biological slow filtering device that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
As preferably, described clean water basin and water reservoir are the concentric circular pond arranged.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, clean water basin 2 are arranged on water reservoir 1 side, separate between water reservoir 1 and clean water basin 2 with a fluid-tight partition wall 11.Particularly, these clean water basin 2 can be with water reservoir 1 the square pond be set up in parallel; For reducing plant area area or reducing unnecessary waste of leaking, also can be the circular pond arranged with one heart, be specially and be provided with clean water basin 2 and water reservoir 1 from the inside to the outside successively.Wherein water reservoir 1 is equipped with evacuated tube 5 with the bottom of clean water basin 2, for cleaning and the maintenance of water reservoir 1 and clean water basin 2.Generally, water reservoir 1 has lid uncovered (preferably, this water reservoir is set to uncovered).Preferably, clean water basin 2 with clean water basin lid 7, and reserve clean water basin import 9, configure cover plate 8, to facilitate water quality monitoring (WQM) to this clean water basin import 9.Water reservoir 1 and clean water basin 2 are arranged on more than ground or following, and its material of construction can be brick, stone, concrete or other material, and its size can be determined according to water yield situation.Visible, biological slow filtering device and water storage facility combine by the present invention, design dexterously and make use of the intrinsic pollutant removal of Biology Slow Filtering Techniques, and collect rain-water pit structure and use water feature, solve the problem that little water cellar purification of water quality is in the past difficult or cost is too high, Operation and Maintenance is inconvenient and be difficult to for user accepts.This biological slow filtering device can complete rainwater savings, filter purification, clear water storage slowly in a traditional water cellar, without the need to building any facility in addition, compared with other any independently purification facility, without the need to increasing additional floor and executive cost thereof, this point is significant to the village, mountain area and user that lack very much vacant lot.
Embodiment 2
By the biological slow filtering device adopting the embodiment of the present invention to provide, biology is carried out to the water in the water cellar at certain Rural areas one place and filter process slowly, wherein filtration is selected from the slow chimney filter of rigid plastics material, its length gets 1.2m, bore gets 200mm, and the filtrate of filling is selected from the quartz sand that particle diameter is 0.2-0.5mm.Before biological slow filtering device process of the present invention, in the water body in above-mentioned water cellar, total plate count is 967CFU/ml, and colourity is 10 degree, turbidity is 15NTU, and the total coliform group is 1113MPN/100ml.After biological slow filtering device process of the present invention, in water body in this water cellar, total plate count is 75CFU/ml, colourity for being less than 5 degree, turbidity is 0.5NTU, the total coliform group does not detect, and the water quality obtained reaches GB5749-2006 (drinking water sanitary standard).
Visible, the water cellar water-quality guideline polluted not only can be made to reach drinking water standard by device provided by the invention, reduce disease and medicine spending, improve the health level of water user; And its simple construction and installation process, make general rural subscribers can grasp and use.This biological slow filtering device runs and automatically without the need to manual intervention, run without the need to any power, also without the need to any chemical agent, installation quality and plant running effect better, cost is lower, is a kind of complete environmental protection, the water cellar water-purification plant producing high quality tap water.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a biological slow filtering device, comprise the water reservoir with rain pipe and clean water basin, it is characterized in that, described biological slow filtering device also comprises: be arranged on the slow chimney filter between described water reservoir and described clean water basin, the two ends of described slow chimney filter are respectively arranged with the first elbow and the second elbow, described first elbow is communicated with described water reservoir, and described second elbow is communicated with described clean water basin, is also provided with filtrate in described slow chimney filter;
The port of described first elbow and described second elbow all upwards;
The bore of described first elbow and described second elbow reduces gradually to the direction of described slow chimney filter.
2. biological slow filtering device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described slow chimney filter is selected from rigid plastics.
3. biological slow filtering device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the quantity of described slow chimney filter is at least one.
4. biological slow filtering device according to claim 3, described slow chimney filter is pipe, and the bore of described pipe is 100mm-200mm.
5. biological slow filtering device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the angle of described first elbow and described second elbow and described slow chimney filter is 90 °.
6. biological slow filtering device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described filtrate is selected from least one of quartz sand, river sand, extra large sand, ceramic filter material.
7. biological slow filtering device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described filtrate is 0.2-0.5mm.
8. biological slow filtering device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described clean water basin and water reservoir are the concentric circular pond arranged.
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| CN201310628651.0A CN103693746B (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2013-11-29 | Biological slow-filtration device |
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| CN201310628651.0A CN103693746B (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2013-11-29 | Biological slow-filtration device |
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| CN103693746A CN103693746A (en) | 2014-04-02 |
| CN103693746B true CN103693746B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104944688B (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2017-04-19 | 贵州师范大学 | Automatic rain collecting and purifying system |
| CN105152460A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-16 | 同济大学 | Integrated rainwater purification cabinet for single household |
| CN107419797A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-12-01 | 兰州交通大学 | A kind of rainwater storage processing unit |
| CN112370824B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-12-14 | 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 | Automatic dredging and water cleaning tank of sandstone production wastewater treatment system and use method |
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| CN203653332U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-06-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Biologic slow filter device |
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| JP3333758B2 (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2002-10-15 | 明協電機株式会社 | Rainwater filtration and storage system |
| CN201176411Y (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2009-01-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Bio slow-filtrating device for rain water accumulation |
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| CN203653332U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-06-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Biologic slow filter device |
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