CN103686948A - Underwater sensor network cooperative communication relay selection method - Google Patents

Underwater sensor network cooperative communication relay selection method Download PDF

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CN103686948A
CN103686948A CN201310740093.7A CN201310740093A CN103686948A CN 103686948 A CN103686948 A CN 103686948A CN 201310740093 A CN201310740093 A CN 201310740093A CN 103686948 A CN103686948 A CN 103686948A
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source
channel
relay
source node
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金志刚
刘自鑫
张博林
苏毅珊
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of digital communication and relates to an underwater sensor network cooperative communication relay selection method. The underwater sensor network cooperative communication relay selection method is characterized in that aiming at the underwater environmental characteristics, factors of the relay node channel performance and the transmission delay are comprehensively considered, wherein the performance assessment criteria of the relay node channel are expressed by harmonic average of instantaneous power gains of source-relay and relay-target channels, and the transmission delay is expressed by the time difference of the time information of a source node arriving at the target node and the time information of a relay node arriving at the target node, then compromising is carried out between the relay node channel performance and the transmission delay, and the optimum relay mode is selected according to the index. The underwater sensor network cooperative communication relay selection method is suitable to be used in underwater sensor networks very much.

Description

A kind of underwater sensor network collaboration communication relay selection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to underwater wireless sensor network cooperative communication technology field, is a kind of by the relay node selecting method of via node channel performance index and the dual decision of transmission delay index concretely.
Background technology
In recent years, underwater sensor network is more and more extensive in the application of the aspects such as oceanographic data collection, pollution monitoring, disaster early warning, marine detection, assistance navigation and strategy monitoring, and subsurface communication technology also comes into one's own day by day.Due to electromagnetic wave decay under water too fast, so the optimum that sound wave is the mankind to be found the up to now form of energy of long-distance communications under water.
Subsurface communication environment is very complicated, the unfavorable factors such as underwater acoustic channel characterisitic parameter is change at random along with the variation of time-sky-frequency, and underwater ambient noise is high, narrow bandwidth, propagation delay time are large make the problems such as subsurface communication transmission error rates is high, speed is low be difficult to solve.In order to improve subsurface communication quality, reduce the impact of channel fading, we can adopt relay cooperative communication mode as far as possible, make single antenna user to send information by the cooperation of via node, both overcome channel fading serious problems, and can obtain diversity gain again.
In cooperation communication system, the selection of via node is a key issue, before via node is assisted source node transmitting data information, first according to certain condition, selecting optimal relay node is necessary, because can save a lot of energy like this, avoid source node to send data message to all via nodes, select an optimal relay node simultaneously and can obtain considerable diversity gain again.
Although relay selection algorithm is existing a lot of application in the radio communication of land and in cognition wireless network, but because particularity and the complexity of underwater environment, the technology of a lot of land wireless network can not directly be used in underwater environment, and we need to consider and add the particularity factor of underwater environment in original technology.On the one hand, the object that adopts via node to cooperate is exactly in order to reduce the channel fading between source node and destination node, so the characteristic of channel that trunk node selection primary standard is exactly via node will be got well; On the other hand, owing to adopting sound wave to communicate in UWSN, and the speed of sound wave in water is about 1500m/s, and this disregards so the communications time delay of underwater acoustic communication be can not ignore than low 5 orders of magnitude of electromagnetic speed in the wireless network of land.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is with reference to the selection algorithm of collaboration relay node in the wireless network of land and in cognition network, and consider complexity and the particularity of underwater environment, propose under water applicable trunk node selection algorithm in acoustics wireless sensor network, in trunk node selection, considered two factors of via node channel performance and transmission delay.Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of underwater sensor network collaboration communication relay selection method, the method is for underwater environment characteristic, consider the factor of via node channel performance and transmission delay two aspects, wherein the via node channel performance harmonic-mean that for evaluation criteria, between source-relaying, relaying-object, the instantaneous power of channel gains represents, transmission delay was weighed with the time difference of the information arrival destination node of source node and via node, then between is got compromisely, according to this index, selects an optimal relay node.
As preferred implementation, step is as follows:
1) all candidate relay nodes contain transmitted power P to source node and one of destination node transmission 1with transmitting time t 1packet, source node also sends this kind of packet to destination node, each node is at t 2constantly receive that this packet, received power are P 2, receive source node or the destination node of this kind of packet, solve and sending node between communication distance l=v * (t 2-t 1), v is acoustic wave propagation velocity, and calculates channel gain H=hl -α=P 2/ P 1wherein α is channel fading index (generally getting 1.5) and then calculates channel fading coefficient h.
2) each receiving node can, to a packets of information of corresponding sending node feedback, comprise communication distance l and channel fading coefficient h that step calculates in bag; Each via node can be learnt the distance l that self arrives source node and destination node sriand l rdiand corresponding channel fading coefficient h sriand h rdi, source node is learnt the distance l that self arrives destination node sdand channel fading coefficient h between source-destination node sd, and these coefficients that obtain are fed back to source node;
3) source node calculates the assessed value of the channel performance of each via node, uses the harmonic-mean of the instantaneous power gain of channel between source-relaying, relaying-object
Figure BDA0000444538620000021
represent, this value shows that more greatly channel condition is better.
4) source node calculates the time difference of the information arrival destination node of source node and via node
Figure BDA0000444538620000022
this time difference is the smaller the better.
5) source node considers above-mentioned two kinds of factors assessment via node performances, and choice criteria is
Figure BDA0000444538620000023
the corresponding via node of choice criteria value maximum is as best relay.
Channel fading index α generally gets 1.5.
In the relay selection algorithm that the present invention proposes, consider two aspect factors: via node channel performance and transmission delay problem.The assessment of via node channel performance represents by the harmonic-mean of the instantaneous power gain of channel between source-relaying, relaying-object, and transmission delay problem is relevant to the distance sum between source node and destination node with via node.The method considers trunk channel performance and transmission delay problem, is highly suitable in underwater sensor network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is many via nodes of the present invention optional time cooperation communication system model
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, implementation and advantage more clear, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
In underwater sensor network channel conditions with the variation of Space Time-frequency change at random, the impact of channel fading in order as far as possible to reduce to communicate by letter between some node, hereby introducing via node carries out collaboration communication, obtains diversity gain, improves communication quality.In collaboration communication process, first a problem is exactly to carry out the selection of via node.The present invention considers complexity and the particularity of underwater environment, proposes under water applicable optimal relay node selection algorithm in acoustics wireless sensor network.
First consider the impact of the channel condition of via node on trunk node selection.As everyone knows, since we carry out collaboration communication by choice for use relaying, object is exactly to wish in severe underwater environment, look for a via node that channel condition is good, signal quality through relay cooperative transmission is high, so just beneficial to destination reception & disposal, so the part that trunk node selection algorithm must comprise is exactly the characteristic of channel of via node.
When initial, all candidate relay nodes contain transmitted power P to source node and one of destination node transmission 1with transmitting time t 1packet, source node also sends this kind of packet to destination node, each node is at t 2constantly receive that this packet, received power are P 2, receive source node or the destination node of this kind of packet, solve and sending node between communication distance l=v * (t 2-t 1), v is acoustic wave propagation velocity, and calculates channel gain H=hl -α=P 2/ P 1, wherein α is channel fading index (generally getting 1.5) and then calculates channel fading coefficient h.
Each receiving node can, to a packets of information of corresponding sending node feedback, comprise communication distance l and channel fading coefficient h that step calculates in bag; Each via node can be learnt the distance l that self arrives source node and destination node sriand l rdiand corresponding channel fading coefficient h sriand h rdisource node is learnt the distance l that self arrives destination node sdand channel fading coefficient h between source-destination node sdand these coefficients that obtain are fed back to source node.
Source node calculates the assessed value of the channel performance of each via node according to the information obtaining, for evaluation criteria, between source-relaying, relaying-object, the harmonic-mean of the instantaneous power of channel gain represents, the instantaneous characteristic of channel of reflection via node, and its expression is Λ opi = m H ( h rdi l rdi - α , h sri l sri - α ) = 2 h rdi l rdi - α h sri l sri - α h rdi l rdi - α + h sri l sri - α , This value shows that more greatly channel condition is better.
Secondly, under water in environment, acoustic velocity is about 1500m/s, this speed has compared with land velocity of electromagnetic wave 5 orders of magnitude low, so the transmission time of ignoring on land just has to consider under water, such as the distance that will communicate by letter is under water 1000m, reception delay can be up to 2/3s so, about 0.667s, the time of this second level can not ignore.By via node to the distance between source node and destination node be designated as l rdi+ l sri, the distance between source node and destination node is designated as l sd, general source node is known fixed to the distance of destination node, disregards via node to information processing time of forwarding, the time difference from the information arrival destination node of source node and via node is
Figure BDA0000444538620000032
v is underwater sound speed 1500m/s, in destination node, will by certain rule, merge the information from source node and via node, is more approachingly more conducive to improve entire system communication efficiency the time of advent, so this time difference is the smaller the better.
In environment, above 2 have very important effect under water, so our proposition considers the relay selection algorithm of above-mentioned two kinds of factors, are R besti = Λ opi / Δt i = 2 h rdi l rdi - α h sri l sri - α h rdi l rdi - α + h sri l sri - α × v l rdi + l sri - l sd , This value is subject to the channel knowledge affects of via node, is also subject to via node to the distance affects of source node and destination node simultaneously, and evaluation criterion is that this value is the bigger the better.So source node utilizes above-mentioned each value and algorithmic formula to calculate, choice criteria value maximum, its corresponding via node is just selected as best relay.
As shown in Figure 1, in underwater sensor network, source node S will send information to destination node D, but because the uncertainty of underwater environment causes certain moment source node to the very poor h of destination node channel condition sdvery little, now just need to from numerous optional via nodes, select an optimal relay node to assist source node to communicate.
First consider the impact of the channel condition of via node on trunk node selection.At this, we need to find a suitable expression formula to assess the characteristic of channel of via node.Concrete implementation step is as follows:
(1) all candidate relay nodes contain transmitted power P to source node and one of destination node transmission 1with transmitting time t 1packet, source node also sends this kind of packet to destination node, each node is at t 2constantly receive that this packet, received power are P 2, receive source node or the destination node of this kind of packet, solve and sending node between communication distance l=v * (t 2-t 1), v is acoustic wave propagation velocity, and calculates channel gain H=hl -α=P 2/ P 1, wherein α is channel fading index (generally getting 1.5) and then calculates channel fading coefficient h.
(2) each receiving node in step (1) can, to a packets of information of corresponding sending node feedback, comprise communication distance l and channel fading coefficient h that step calculates in bag; Each via node can be learnt the distance l that self arrives source node and destination node sriand l rdiand corresponding channel fading coefficient h sriand h rdisource node is learnt the distance l that self arrives destination node sdand channel fading coefficient h between source-destination node sd, and these coefficients that obtain are fed back to source node.
(3) source node calculates the assessed value of the channel performance of each via node, uses the harmonic-mean of the instantaneous power gain of channel between source-relaying, relaying-object
Figure BDA0000444538620000041
represent, this value shows that more greatly channel condition is better.
In addition, under water in environment, acoustic velocity than land velocity of electromagnetic wave low 5 orders of magnitude, so the transmission time can not ignore.By i via node to the distance between source node and destination node be designated as l rdi+ l sri, the distance between source node and destination node is designated as l sd, general source node is known fixed to the distance of destination node, disregards via node to information processing time of forwarding, the time difference from the information arrival destination node of source node and i via node is
Figure BDA0000444538620000042
v is underwater sound speed 1500m/s, in destination node, will by certain rule, merge the information from source node and via node, is more approachingly more conducive to improve entire system communication efficiency the time of advent, so this time difference is the smaller the better.
So consider above-mentioned two kinds of factors, source node calculates the difference of the characteristic of channel of each candidate relay node and transmission delay, our optimal relay node selection algorithm expression formula is R besti = Λ opi / Δt i = 2 h rdi l rdi - α h sri l sri - α h rdi l rdi - α + h sri l sri - α × v l rdi + l sri - l sd , This value is the bigger the better, therefore the corresponding via node of source node meeting choice criteria value maximum is as optimal relay node.

Claims (3)

1. a underwater sensor network collaboration communication relay selection method, the method is for underwater environment characteristic, consider the factor of via node channel performance and transmission delay two aspects, wherein the via node channel performance harmonic-mean that for evaluation criteria, between source-relaying, relaying-object, the instantaneous power of channel gains represents, transmission delay was weighed with the time difference of the information arrival destination node of source node and via node, then between is got compromisely, according to this index, selects an optimal relay node.
2. underwater sensor network collaboration communication relay selection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
1) all candidate relay nodes contain transmitted power P to source node and one of destination node transmission 1with transmitting time t 1packet, source node also sends this kind of packet to destination node, each node is at t 2constantly receive that this packet, received power are P 2, receive source node or the destination node of this kind of packet, solve and sending node between communication distance l=v * (t 2-t 1), v is acoustic wave propagation velocity, and calculates channel gain H=hl -α=P 2/ P 1, wherein α is channel fading index (generally getting 1.5) and then calculates channel fading coefficient h.
2) each receiving node can, to a packets of information of corresponding sending node feedback, comprise communication distance l and channel fading coefficient h that step calculates in bag; Each via node can be learnt the distance l that self arrives source node and destination node sriand l rdiand corresponding channel fading coefficient h sriand h rdi, source node is learnt the distance l that self arrives destination node sdand channel fading coefficient h between source-destination node sd, and these coefficients that obtain are fed back to source node;
3) source node calculates the assessed value of the channel performance of each via node, uses the harmonic-mean of the instantaneous power gain of channel between source-relaying, relaying-object
Figure FDA0000444538610000011
represent, this value shows that more greatly channel condition is better.
4) source node calculates the time difference of the information arrival destination node of source node and via node
Figure FDA0000444538610000012
, this time difference is the smaller the better.
5) source node considers above-mentioned two kinds of factors assessment via node performances, and choice criteria is R besti=Λ opi/ Δ t i, the corresponding via node of choice criteria value maximum is as best relay.
3. underwater sensor network collaboration communication relay selection method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, channel fading index α generally gets 1.5.
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CN106230624A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-12-14 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 A kind of network quality appraisal procedure and device
CN106921523A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-07-04 西安电子科技大学 A kind of data transmission method based on GEO/LEO satellite networks
CN106953678A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-14 燕山大学 The cognitive underwater acoustic system relay selection and power optimization method of a kind of multi-relay cooperation
CN107465486A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-12-12 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 A kind of cooperative coding communication means suitable for underwater acoustic network

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106230624A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-12-14 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 A kind of network quality appraisal procedure and device
CN106921523A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-07-04 西安电子科技大学 A kind of data transmission method based on GEO/LEO satellite networks
CN106921523B (en) * 2017-03-17 2019-12-31 西安电子科技大学 Data transmission method based on GEO/LEO satellite network
CN106953678A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-14 燕山大学 The cognitive underwater acoustic system relay selection and power optimization method of a kind of multi-relay cooperation
CN106953678B (en) * 2017-04-17 2020-09-11 燕山大学 Multi-relay cooperative relay selection and power optimization method for cognitive underwater acoustic system
CN107465486A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-12-12 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 A kind of cooperative coding communication means suitable for underwater acoustic network
CN107465486B (en) * 2017-06-28 2020-07-28 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 Cooperative coding communication method suitable for underwater acoustic network

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