CN103684864A - Communication network vulnerability analyzing system for large-scale area fault and working method of communication network vulnerability analyzing system - Google Patents
Communication network vulnerability analyzing system for large-scale area fault and working method of communication network vulnerability analyzing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a communication network vulnerability analyzing system for a large-scale area fault and a working method of the communication network vulnerability analyzing system. By means of the network vulnerability analyzing system, the level of the effect to a communication network topology design and network cabling from natural disasters (such as earthquakes and water flood), man-made sabotages (such as purposeful EMP attack and fisher trawling) and other regional faults related to geographic positions can be assessed, and the statistical behavior characteristics including average fault link capacity, the end-to-end flow change property and other properties under the regional fault situation of the network are found. According to the network vulnerability analyzing system, the fault region affecting the network mostly can be positioned through the topological information of the physical network, and then the network protecting design is guided. The network vulnerability analyzing system provides a visual interface environment, and can definitely indicate the vulnerability of the system, help communication network designer and maintainer to plan ahead and build the network service with higher robustness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network vulnerability analysis, analyze especially the behavioural characteristic of physical network topology under extensive area fault, locate the incipient fault regional location to web influence maximum simultaneously.
Background technology
Computer network has become the Main Means of society communication.Along with people strengthen the dependence of network, user is also more and more higher to the requirement of network reliability.On the other hand, due to the development rapidly of network itself, large area region fault, as natural calamity, artificial destruction highlights day by day on the impact of network, and its frequency and destructiveness are in rising trend, has become one of subject matter of can not ignore affecting network reliability.
Network vulnerability analysis can help designer and attendant's awareness network system performance change degree under attack and failure condition, thereby instructs our design upgrading and the operation maintenance management to network system.The logical topology that at present general network vulnerability analysis and safeguard work relate generally to network, and only for a small amount of network link and node failure, by observing in the network equipment failure situation of limited quantity, the variation of data traffic, locator key equipment.
How work on hand effectively analyzes the impact of extensive area fault on network performance under physical network topology, not yet has feasible solution.This is mainly because large-scale region fault has very strong geographical position correlation, sudden and multiple faults feature.The position that fault occurs, shape and scope are all unknown, and the network equipment is subject to the impact of fault to be also difficult to prediction.Simply continue to use traditional analytical method in logical network; utilize deterministic region fault model; by the exceedingly vulnerability analysis of simplified network, key character that cannot reflecting regional fault, thus cause network recovery strategy fails or network protection to cross investment.Therefore, need the effective communication network vulnerability analysis system for extensive region faults such as natural calamities of design.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of communication network vulnerability analysis system and method for work thereof for extensive region fault, it is by network vulnerability analytical system, can assess communication network topology design and be subject to the influence degree of the region fault that the geographical position such as natural calamity and artificial destruction are relevant to network layout, the statistics behavioural characteristic of discovering network under the failure condition of region, and utilize the topology information of physical network to locate the fault zone to this web influence maximum.
The invention provides a kind of communication network vulnerability analysis system for extensive region fault, analyze extensive region fault to the impact of communication network and locate the abort situation to web influence maximum, it is characterized in that: this system comprises
Region fault model, the physical network topology of simulate real world, topological structure comprises link capacity, the geographical location information of node and link is simulated common region fault, as earthquake, hurricane etc.;
Computation analysis module, the number that computational analysis network link is interrupted and capacity, end-to-end node between changes in flow rate, end-to-end node is to main path and backup path cut probability and mean value thereof simultaneously;
GUI module, the parameter input of receiving area fault model, as the setting of the selection of model, variate-value and be sent to computation analysis module, is that the region of most fragile in network marks out in visual mode by Calculation results.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of work of the communication network vulnerability analysis system for extensive region fault, and it comprises the steps:
1) first the physical network topology of simulate real world builds region fault model, in this fault model, the network facilities in fault zone can be destroyed with certain Probability p, network in this region of the larger expression of p is more fragile, and destroyed probability can change along with the difference of the area apart from disaster center distance and disaster region, place;
2) according to physical network topology, the face that pats two-dimensionally in fault model is carried out to subdivision, form a series of grids, identical on the impact of the network equipment depending on regional faults in each grid, then take each grid as defect center, the given index Δ of take be to be weighed the standard of network performance, when first zoning fault occurs in each grid on network performance index affect Δ n, then by the knowledge of geometric probability, utilize following formula computing network performance index
Δ＝∑
n(area(n)/all?area)Δ
n
Wherein area (n) represents the area of n grid, and all area represent the geographic area area of network design;
3) form three standard volumes of weighing network vulnerability:
(1) link capacity of disconnection, i.e. DLC: when region fault occurs, the link capacity mean value of disconnection.When link capacity is unit value, represent the number of links of average disconnection;
(2) between the flow that reduces, i.e. PTR: when region fault occurs, specified node between the mean value that reduces of data traffic;
(3) between the probability of disconnection, i.e. PDP: when region fault occurs, between specified node pair there is the probability of disconnection in operating path and Protection path simultaneously.
4) process of location to the fault section of web influence maximum, is specially: the standard volume of weighing network vulnerability according to above-mentioned three of calculating; These standard volumes are sorted from big to small, and the corresponding lattice set coming has above formed the region of most fragile in network.
Region fault model described in step 1) comprises the concentric circles probability region fault model of simulated earthquake, and simulation hurricane, the line segment probability of malfunction model of trawlnet infringement optical cable, wherein:
The structure of described concentric circles probability region fault model is:
(1) by M radius, be followed successively by mr, m=1 ..., the concentric circles of M is divided into M annulus, and the annulus at center is also round simultaneously, and each annulus is a uniform dish shape probability region fault, and wherein r is pitch;
(2), in m dish shape concentric ring fault zone, the probability of the link occurs fault that length is any short δ is q
mδ, wherein q
mrepresent the probability of malfunction in m region;
(3) because destructiveness is along with the increase to source point distance reduces, the parameter q in annulus is by inner monotone decreasing outward, i.e. q
1>q
2> ... >q;
Article (4) one, link is longer through the length of concentric circles probability region fault, and the probability being damaged is also just larger, and the linkage length of establishing through concentric circles probability region fault is l, and the Probability p that it breaks down is:
Especially, when q=0, p=0, representative does not have generation area fault; When q=+ ∞, p=1, is degenerated to deterministic models;
The structure of described line segment probability region fault model is:
(1) by the network portion of wire region fault cutting, will be completely destroyed;
(2) the length 2r of wire region fault fixes, but direction has randomness;
(3) note linearity failure length be 2r, its central point is x apart from the distance of link, the angle of link normal and linearity failure formation is α, supposes that the direction of line segment probability region fault is equally distributed, the Probability p that link is interrupted is so
p＝2α/π＝(2/π)arccos(x/r)
Step 2) detailed process is:
Suppose to have the network on E bar limit to be divided into N grid, its computational process is as follows:
Step1: using some grids as region defect center, assumed fault model and parameter thereof are set by user, calculate the probability that every limit is subject to this fault effects, after all probability calculations complete, formed the probability of malfunction matrix of N*E, be made as failure_prob[] [], failure_prob[i] [j] represent take that i grid is defect center, the probability that j bar limit is destroyed;
Step2: take each given network performance index Δ is evaluation criteria, calculates and take the impact that any one grid causes network as defect center.
The detailed process of step 4) is:
(1) computational methods of DLC: first calculate the probability that the link in fault zone is interrupted, then take this probability as weight, calculate the weighted sum of link capacity.
(2) computational methods of PTR: use Suurballe algorithm find point between all limits path collection repeatedly not, calculate the weighted sum of the link capacity of these path collection.
(3) computational methods of PDP: use Suurballe algorithm find point between path repeatedly not, two limits the shortest, calculate the weighted sum of the link capacity of this two paths.
Described Suurballe algorithm is that does not repeat on K bar limit between specifying at 2 and the classic algorithm of the path collection of overall length minimum for finding.
To all grids, by DLC, PTR, PDP, sort from big to small respectively, select front 0.1% grid as final result, i.e. most fragile region in network.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is by network vulnerability analytical system, can assess communication network topology design and be subject to the influence degree of the region fault that the geographical position such as natural calamity and artificial destruction are relevant to network layout, the statistics behavioural characteristic of discovering network under the failure condition of region, comprise mean failure rate link capacity, end to end the performance such as changes in flow rate.On this basis, this network vulnerability analytical system is utilized the topology information of physical network, can locate the fault zone to this web influence maximum, and then instructs network protection design.Network vulnerability analytical system provides visual interface environments, can indicate clearly the fragility of system, helps exploited in communication person and guardian to provide for a rainy day, and builds the higher network service of robustness.
Compared to the network vulnerability theory analysis based on graph theory, grid is divided to calculate adaptability more widely, more effectively simple in the complex topology of processing real network; Compared to certainty region fault model, probability fault model has been simulated the feature of physical damage better, has higher practicality.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is physical network topology schematic diagram.
Concentric circles probability region fault model figure when Fig. 2 is M=3.
Fig. 3 is line segment probability region fault model figure.
Fig. 4 is mesh generation schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is grid and network vulnerability analytical system schematic diagram.
Embodiment
1. system input
Fig. 1 represents the physical network topology that is input as real world of network vulnerability analytical system, rather than cellular logic topology.This topological structure comprises link capacity, the geographical position coordinates information of node and link.In addition, analytical system also needs size and the probability parameter of the large area region fault of input investigation.Such as the concentric circles probability region fault model for natural calamities such as simulated earthquakes, data parameters comprises the unit link failure probability within the scope of zone radius and specified fault, and this information can obtain by historical data.For simulation hurricane, the line segment probability region fault model of the nature such as trawlnet and man-made disaster, the line segment length of data parameters for needing to investigate.
The standard volume that the present invention weighs network vulnerability has three:
(1). the link capacity of disconnection (Disrupted Link Capacity, DLC): when region fault occurs, the link capacity mean value of disconnection.When link capacity is unit value, represent the number of links of average disconnection.
(2). point between the flow (Pairwise Traffic Reduction, PTR) that reduces: when region fault occurs, specified node between the mean value that reduces of data traffic.
(3). point between the probability (Pairwise Disconnection Probability, PDP) of disconnection: when region fault occurs, between specified node pair there is the probability of disconnection in operating path and Protection path simultaneously.
The present invention mainly comprises following three parts:
A). region fault model
For the extensive area fault in simulate real world more accurately, the present invention is according to above-mentioned two kinds of probability region fault models--concentric circles model and the line segment model of having designed for example, distinguish simulated earthquake, flood, the natural calamities such as trawlnet and the artificial destruction impact on network.In probability fault model, the network facilities in disaster region can be destroyed with certain probability, and destroyed probability can change along with the difference of the area apart from disaster center distance and disaster region, place.
Described concentric circles probability region fault model as shown in Figure 2, has following feature:
(a). by M radius, be followed successively by mr, m=1 ..., the concentric circles of M is divided into M annulus (annulus at center is also round simultaneously), and each annulus is a uniform dish shape probability region fault, and wherein r is pitch.
(b). in m dish shape concentric ring fault zone, the probability of the link occurs fault that length is any short δ is q
mδ, wherein q
mrepresent the probability of malfunction in m region.
(c). because destructiveness is along with the increase to source point distance reduces, the parameter q m in annulus is by inner monotone decreasing outward, i.e. q1>q2> ... >qM.
(d). a link is longer through the length of concentric circles probability region fault, and the probability being damaged is also just larger.If the linkage length through concentric circles probability region fault is l, the Probability p that it breaks down is:
Especially, when q=0, p=0, representative does not have generation area fault; When q=+ ∞, p=1, is degenerated to deterministic models.
Described line segment probability region fault model as shown in Figure 3, has following feature:
(a). the network portion by the cutting of wire region fault will be completely destroyed.
(b). the length 2r of wire region fault fixes, but direction has randomness.
(c). note linearity failure length be 2r, its central point is x apart from the distance of link, the angle of link normal and linearity failure formation is, supposes that the direction of line segment probability region fault is equally distributed, the Probability p that link is interrupted is so
p＝2α/π＝(2/π)arccos(x/r)
B). the network performance mutation analysis under the fault model of specific region
In the process of analyzing network vulnerability, except introducing the impact of geometric probability analysis of failure and device geographical location, also used the weak section of mesh generation technological orientation to web influence maximum, the more impact of closer to reality ground reflection Disaster Event on network.The technical scheme adopting is: first the plane at network place is divided into a series of lattices, when enough hour of grid, can thinks in grid that any point is the same on the impact of network performance.
Impact by mesh generation zoning fault on network.To each given network performance index Δ, this system when first zoning fault occurs in each grid on network performance index affect Δ n, then by the knowledge of geometric probability, utilize following formula computing network performance index,
Δ＝∑
n(area(n)/all?area)Δ
n
Wherein area (n) represents the area of n grid, and all area represent the geographic area area of network design.
To first index: the link capacity of disconnection (DLC), first calculates the failure probability of link in fault zone, then by calculating the likely value of the desired value acquisition DLC of disconnection link capacity of institute.For second index: point between the flow (PTR) that reduces, the limit of first calculating maximum quantity between specified node pair is duplicate paths not.Node on these paths and link have formed a sub-network of former network.When the fault of probability of happening region, former network node between the data traffic desired value of minimizing be exactly the PTR causing due to link failure in sub-network.Trail protection is that the less cost of a kind of conventional cost just can improve the strategy of network reliability; its thought is between a pair of node, to set up two links; one of them is main path; other one is backup path, can use Suurballe algorithm find node between primary link and auxiliary link.The probability that while occurring by zoning fault, main path and backup path break down simultaneously, be a little between the probability (PDP) of disconnection.Described Suurballe algorithm is that does not repeat on K bar limit between specifying at 2 and the classic algorithm of the path collection of overall length minimum for finding.
C). the fragility fault zone of location to web influence maximum
Assumed fault center appears at the center of each subdivision network, calculates the corresponding performance index of weighing network vulnerability.These standard volumes are sorted from big to small, and lattice set corresponding to (as 0.1%) coming above formed the region of most fragile in network.
When the step-length of grid division is less, and the scale of network is when larger, and corresponding amount of calculation can be very large.For this reason, the present invention has adopted distributed parallel computing technique, the impact on network when calculating in each mesh generation generation area fault at a plurality of computing units, then the method for calculating mean value is accelerated computational process.
2. network vulnerability analytical system principle
Fig. 4 is network plane subdivision schematic diagram.In the process of analyzing network vulnerability, except introducing the impact of geometric probability analysis of failure and device geographical location, also used the weak section of mesh generation technological orientation to web influence maximum, the more impact of closer to reality ground reflection Disaster Event on network.The technical scheme adopting is: first the plane at network place is divided into a series of lattices, when enough hour of grid, can thinks in grid that any point is the same on the impact of network performance.Then calculate and take each grid as defect center, take given index Δ as weighing the standard of network performance, the impact that network is caused.Suppose to have the network on E bar limit to be divided into N grid, its computational process is as follows:
Step1: using some grids as region defect center, assumed fault model and parameter thereof are set by user.Calculate the probability that every limit is subject to this fault effects, after all probability calculations complete, formed the probability of malfunction matrix of N*E, be made as failure_prob[] [], failure_prob[i] [j] represent take that i grid is defect center, the probability that j bar limit is destroyed.
Step2: take each given network performance index Δ is evaluation criteria, calculates and take index the impact that grid causes network as defect center.The computational methods of three kinds of indexs of weighing network vulnerabilities are respectively:
(1) computational methods of .DLC: first calculate the probability that the link in fault zone is interrupted, then take this probability as weight, calculate the weighted sum of link capacity;
(2) computational methods of .PTR: use Suurballe algorithm find point between all limits path collection repeatedly not, calculate the weighted sum of the link capacity of these path collection;
(3) computational methods of .PDP: use Suurballe algorithm find point between path repeatedly not, two limits the shortest, calculate the weighted sum of the link capacity of this two paths.
Step3: to all grids, sort from big to small by DLC, PTR, PDP respectively.Select front 0.1% grid as final result, i.e. most fragile region in network.
When the step-length of grid division is less, and the scale of network is when larger, and corresponding amount of calculation can be very large.Yet, the failure probability matrix failure_prob[calculating except the first step] and [] need to be used in the computational process of each grid, and the calculating of second and third step is incoherent mutually, therefore adopts the method for parallel computation to accelerate computational speed.Step2 is simple cumulative process, Step3 is sequencer procedure, two steps are merged into a step parallel computation of Mapreduce, and the input of this Mapreduce computational process is that size is the failure probability matrix failure_prob of N*E, and output is sorted key-value pair <dlc, Point>, <ptr, Point>, <pdp, Point>, wherein Point represents net center of a lattice.
3. network vulnerability analytical system forms
System is divided into computing module and two parts of GUI module, and GUI module is responsible for receiving user's input (comprising the selection of model, the setting of parameter etc.) and result is presented in visual mode.Computing module is according to model and Parameter Parallel zoning probability of malfunction, and computational process is as described in 2.
Fig. 5 is network vulnerability analytical system schematic diagram, and the unit wherein comprising have:
(1) select the combobox of physical network;
(2) select the radio button of probability region fault model (concentric circles model/line segment model);
(3) textview field of display network and probability region fault parameter;
(4) executive button (carrying out the analysis of given parameters);
(5) select the radio button of evaluation criteria (DLC/PTR/PDP);
(6) show in given defect center situation, in evaluation situation and the progress bar of worst case lower network performance change situation;
(7) empty button (preparing next time to analyze);
(8) all node and limit in display network, and represent source point and terminal with thicker round dot;
(9) limit of finding out not duplicate paths collection indicates to be different from other paths with different colours.
Finally, in figure, dash area represents the incipient fault regional location to particular network Index Influence maximum.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, can also make some improvement under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. for a communication network vulnerability analysis system for extensive region fault, analyze extensive region fault to the impact of communication network and locate the abort situation to web influence maximum, it is characterized in that: this system comprises
Region fault model, the physical network topology of simulate real world, topological structure comprises link capacity, the geographical location information of node and link;
Computation analysis module, the number that computational analysis network link is interrupted and capacity, end-to-end node between changes in flow rate, end-to-end node is to main path and backup path cut probability and mean value thereof simultaneously;
GUI module, the parameter input of receiving area fault model, comprises the selection of model, the setting of variate-value be sent to computation analysis module is that the region of most fragile in network marks out in visual mode by Calculation results.
2. for a method of work for the communication network vulnerability analysis system of extensive region fault, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
1) physical network topology of simulate real world build region fault model first, in this fault model, the network facilities in fault zone can be destroyed with certain Probability p, network in this region of the larger expression of p is more fragile, and destroyed probability can change along with the difference of the area apart from disaster center distance and disaster region, place;
2) according to physical network topology, the face that pats two-dimensionally in fault model is carried out to subdivision, form a series of grids, identical on the impact of the network equipment depending on regional faults in each grid, take each grid as defect center, the given index Δ of take be to be weighed the standard of network performance, when zoning fault occurs in each grid on network performance index affect Δ n, then by the knowledge of geometric probability, utilize following formula computing network performance index
Δ＝∑
n(area(n)/all?area)Δ
n
Wherein area (n) represents the area of n grid, and all area represent the geographic area area of network design;
3) form three standard volumes of weighing network vulnerability:
(1) link capacity of disconnection, i.e. DLC: when region fault occurs, the link capacity mean value of disconnection.When link capacity is unit value, represent the number of links of average disconnection;
(2) between the flow that reduces, i.e. PTR: when region fault occurs, specified node between the mean value that reduces of data traffic;
(3) between the probability of disconnection, i.e. PDP: when region fault occurs, between specified node pair there is the probability of disconnection in operating path and Protection path simultaneously.
3. the method for work of the communication network vulnerability analysis system for extensive region fault as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method also comprises the process of step 4) location to the fault section of web influence maximum, is specially: the standard volume of weighing network vulnerability according to above-mentioned three of calculating; These standard volumes are sorted from big to small, and the corresponding lattice set coming has above formed the region of most fragile in network.
4. as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 for the method for work of the communication network vulnerability analysis system of extensive region fault, it is characterized in that: the region fault model described in step 1) comprises the concentric circles probability region fault model of simulated earthquake, and simulation hurricane, the line segment probability of malfunction model of trawlnet infringement optical cable, wherein:
The structure of described concentric circles probability region fault model is:
(1) by M radius, be followed successively by mr, m=1 ..., the concentric circles of M is divided into M annulus, and the annulus at center is also round simultaneously, and each annulus is a uniform dish shape probability region fault, and wherein r is pitch;
(2), in m dish shape concentric ring fault zone, the probability of the link occurs fault that length is any short δ is q
mδ, wherein q
mrepresent the probability of malfunction in m region;
(3) because destructiveness is along with the increase to source point distance reduces, the parameter q in annulus is by inner monotone decreasing outward, i.e. q
1>q
2> ... >q;
Article (4) one, link is longer through the length of concentric circles probability region fault, and the probability being damaged is also just larger, and the linkage length of establishing through concentric circles probability region fault is l, and the Probability p that it breaks down is:
Especially, when q=0, p=0, representative does not have generation area fault; When q=+ ∞, p=1, is degenerated to deterministic models;
The structure of described line segment probability region fault model is:
(1) by the network portion of wire region fault cutting, will be completely destroyed;
(2) the length 2r of wire region fault fixes, but direction has randomness;
(3) note linearity failure length be 2r, its central point is x apart from the distance of link, the angle of link normal and linearity failure formation is α, supposes that the direction of line segment probability region fault is equally distributed, the Probability p that link is interrupted is so
p＝2α/π＝(2/π)arccos(x/r)。
5. as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 for the method for work of the communication network vulnerability analysis system of extensive region fault, it is characterized in that step 2) detailed process be:
Suppose to have the network on E bar limit to be divided into N grid, its computational process is as follows:
Step1: using some grids as region defect center, assumed fault model and parameter thereof are set by user, calculate the probability that every limit is subject to this fault effects, after all probability calculations complete, formed the probability of malfunction matrix of N*E, be made as failure_prob[] [], failure_prob[i] [j] represent take that i grid is defect center, the probability that j bar limit is destroyed;
Step2: take each given network performance index Δ is evaluation criteria, calculates and take the impact that any one grid causes network as defect center.
6. the method for work of the communication network vulnerability analysis system for extensive region fault as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that the detailed process of step 3) is:
(1) computational methods of DLC: first calculate the probability that the link in fault zone is interrupted, then take this probability as weight, calculate the weighted sum of link capacity;
(2) computational methods of PTR: use Suurballe algorithm find point between all limits path collection repeatedly not, calculate the weighted sum of the link capacity of these path collection;
(3) computational methods of PDP: use Suurballe algorithm find point between path repeatedly not, two limits the shortest, calculate the weighted sum of the link capacity of this two paths;
Described Suurballe algorithm is that does not repeat on K bar limit between specifying at 2 and the classic algorithm of the path collection of overall length minimum for finding.
7. the method for work of the communication network vulnerability analysis system for extensive region fault as claimed in claim 6, the detailed process that it is characterized in that step 4) is: to all grids, by DLC, PTR, PDP, sort from big to small respectively, select front 0.1% grid as final result, i.e. most fragile region in network.
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