CN103684729A - Clock synchronization device and method - Google Patents
Clock synchronization device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103684729A CN103684729A CN201210326077.9A CN201210326077A CN103684729A CN 103684729 A CN103684729 A CN 103684729A CN 201210326077 A CN201210326077 A CN 201210326077A CN 103684729 A CN103684729 A CN 103684729A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a clock synchronization device and method. The clock synchronization device comprises a DC (Direct Current) block, an amplifier, a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiving module, a local clock reference module, a frequency dividing module, a time difference measuring module, a data processing module and an analog-digital converting module, wherein the DC block is used for outputting GPS signals from a parasitic antenna to the amplifier and cutting off a current fed back by the amplifier; the amplifier is used for amplifying the GPS signals and outputting the GPS signals to the GPS receiving module; GPS second pulse signals are obtained according to the GPS signals, and outputted to the time difference measuring module; the local clock reference module is used for outputting local clock reference signals to the frequency dividing module and correcting the local clock reference signals according to an analog voltage sent by the analog-digital converting module; the frequency dividing module is used for dividing the local clock reference signals into the second pulse signals and outputting the second pulse signals to the time difference measuring module; the time difference measuring module is used for measuring the time difference between the local clock second pulse signals and the GPS second pulse signals, and sending the time difference to the data processing module; a frequency deviation is obtained according to the time difference and sent to the analog-digital converting module; the analog-digital converting module is used for converting the frequency deviation into an analog voltage and sending the analog voltage to the local clock reference module. According to the invention, the clock synchronization precision is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless technical field, be specifically related to clock synchronization apparatus and method.
Background technology
High-speed railway is the trend of world today's railway development.Communicating by letter between bullet train and ground becomes the hot issue of domestic and international broadband wireless communications research.Along with the development of high-speed railway, Information-based Railway requires the communication data between car ground more and more.On the one hand, the real time information such as train operation, train safe monitoring, maintenance need to be sent on ground, meet the needs of railway road network to moving body (locomotive, vehicle etc.) real time dynamic tracing and communication; On the other hand, the mobile message that the passenger of take is main body need to transmit in real time between car ground.Yet the row control narrow band communication demand during the existing communication system of railway can only solve between low-speed conditions Train and ground, therefore, builds high-speed railway BWA of new generation imperative.
The characteristic of channel is the basis of wireless communication system design.First the statistical property of research high ferro wireless channel is the measurement to high ferro channel typical scene.Because high-speed railway distance travelled is longer, generally can experience the polytype circuits such as city, Plain, overpass, mountain area, tunnel, U-shaped groove, and channel is because large Doppler frequency deviation causes channel rapid fading with the fast Doppler that becomes, single form scene channel model is difficult to accurately portray complete high ferro wireless channel model, as completed many scenes friction speed lower channel, measure and modeling, need to carry out abundant test, with the test data of accumulating and enriching.Yet high ferro channel measurement work field testing difficulty is very large.Therefore, high ferro channel measurement needs a kind of efficient accurate method of measurement.
Clock synchronous is the committed step of channel measurement, and clock synchronizing method has determined efficiency and the precision of channel measurement.The basic principle of channel measurement is that transmitter sends detectable signal, after experience channel, at receiving terminal, completes samples storage, and sampled signal completes reprocessing, can obtain channel time become impulse response or corresponding system function.Wherein, the carrier frequency of sending and receiving end and sample frequency are obtained by frequency multiplication of phase locked loop by clock reference respectively.If sending and receiving end clock is asynchronous, causes carrier beat and sampling frequency difference, thereby affect the extraction of Doppler parameter and multipath parameter.
At present, the commercial Propsound of channel measurement Yi Ru Finland Electrobit company and the RUSK of MEDAV company adopt sending and receiving end rubidium clock local synchronization, and frequency accuracy can reach E
-11the order of magnitude.Fig. 1 has provided the schematic diagram of commercial channel measurement instrument clock synchronous, as shown in Figure 1, this method of synchronization must put together transmitting-receiving two-end, stube cable carries out synchronously, be probably 2 hours lock in time, under storage battery power supply condition, both are separately carried out to channel measurement afterwards, the synchronous retention time is approximately 4 ~ 5 hours.
The another kind of method of synchronization is efficient channel survey meter clock synchronous method, and as shown in Figure 2, sending and receiving end all adopts a high stability local oscillator as clock reference.Now, although sending and receiving end exists certain less frequency difference, this frequency difference can not change within a period of time of measuring.The method that can use coherent signal to process at receiving terminal, eliminates these remaining frequency differences and differs.The broad-band channel survey meter of U.S. Brigham Young university research and development adopts this synchronous architecture.
Existing commercial channel measurement instrument clock synchronizing method by direct-connected synchronous after, channel measurement is separately carried out in sending and receiving end, its Measuring Time can only guarantee 4 ~ 5 hours.The method is generally used for in-plant fixed scene and measures, and for remote many scenes high ferro channel measurement, the measurement efficiency of the method is extremely low.Efficient channel measuring instrument clock synchronizing method can adopt related signal processing method to eliminate frequency departure and the phase deviation of sending and receiving end local oscillator, but in the situation that there is Doppler frequency deviation, can greatly affect the performance of related algorithm, cannot eliminate the frequency difference of sending and receiving end local oscillator and differ, can cause the error of Doppler frequency deviation parameter extraction, thereby cause channel measurement precise decreasing.So existing clock synchronizing method cannot meet efficiency and the precision of high ferro channel measurement.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of clock synchronization apparatus and method, to improve clock synchronization accuracy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A clock synchronization apparatus, this device comprises:
Block isolating device: receive the gps signal from global position system GPS passive antenna, gps signal is outputed to amplifier, meanwhile, when receiving the electric current of amplifier feedback, cut off this electric current;
Amplifier: output to GPS receiver module after the gps signal from block isolating device is amplified;
GPS receiver module: obtain the GPS pps pulse per second signal of standard according to the gps signal of amplifier output, GPS pps pulse per second signal is outputed to time difference measurement module;
Local reference clock module: produce local reference clock signal, local reference clock signal is outputed to frequency division module; The analog voltage of sending according to analog-to-digital conversion module, revises local reference clock signal;
Frequency division module: be pps pulse per second signal by the local reference clock signal frequency division of local reference clock module output, this pps pulse per second signal is outputed to time difference measurement module;
Time difference measurement module: measure the time difference between the pps pulse per second signal of local reference clock module output and the GPS pps pulse per second signal of GPS receiver module output, this time difference is sent to data processing module;
Data processing module: the time difference of sending according to time difference measurement module, obtain local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal, frequency departure is sent to analog-to-digital conversion module;
Analog-to-digital conversion module: the frequency departure that data processing module is sent is converted to analog voltage, sends to local reference clock module by this analog voltage.
When described GPS receiver module is only supported active antenna, at the input of GPS receiver module, increase by a pull down resistor, the feed voltage that resistance value equals GPS receiver module while normally working is divided by feed current.
Described amplifier is one-level amplifier or two-stage amplifier.
Described device further comprises: level and smooth module, for receiving the local clock pps pulse per second signal of data processing module output with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal, this frequency departure is carried out to smoothing processing, the frequency departure after smoothing processing is sent to analog-to-digital conversion module.
Described time difference measurement module is further used for, and when not receiving the GPS pps pulse per second signal of GPS receiver module output within default waiting time, determines gps signal loss, to data processing module, sends gps signal and loses indication;
Data processing module is further used for, when receiving gps signal that time difference measurement module sends and lose indication, by taming state, transfer hold mode to, during hold mode, the frequency departure once obtaining recently to analog-to-digital conversion module output every Preset Time interval.
Described amplifier is further used for, and the gps signal of amplification is sent by antenna, and this gps signal arrives a plurality of GPS receiver modules that need to use gps signal.
The gps antenna that described amplifier transmission gps signal is used is directional antenna.
A clock synchronizing method, the method comprises:
Reception, from the gps signal of GPS passive antenna, is amplified this gps signal, obtains the GPS pps pulse per second signal of standard according to the gps signal after amplifying;
By local reference clock signal frequency division, it is local clock pps pulse per second signal;
Measure the time difference between described local clock pps pulse per second signal and described GPS pps pulse per second signal, obtain local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal according to this time difference, this frequency departure is converted to analog voltage, according to this analog voltage, local reference clock signal is revised.
Described this gps signal is enlarged into:
This gps signal is carried out to one-level amplification or secondary amplification.
Described according to this time difference, obtain the frequency departure of local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to GPS pps pulse per second signal after, this frequency departure is converted to before analog voltage and is further comprised:
This frequency departure is carried out to smoothing processing.
Described method further comprises: when gps signal is lost, according to the analog voltage obtaining recently, local reference clock signal is revised.
Described this gps signal is further comprised after amplifying: the gps signal of amplification is sent by gps antenna, and this gps signal arrives the equipment that need to use gps signal by gps antenna.
When the gps signal of amplification is sent by gps antenna, described gps antenna is directional antenna.
Compared with prior art, the present invention, by the synchronous local clock of gps satellite signal, has improved clock synchronization accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing commercial channel measurement instrument clock synchronous;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of existing efficient channel survey meter clock synchronous;
The composition schematic diagram of the clock synchronization apparatus that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The composition schematic diagram of the amplifier that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The composition schematic diagram of the clock synchronization apparatus when GPS receiver module is only supported active antenna that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The composition schematic diagram of the clock synchronization apparatus when a plurality of equipment is supported gps signal that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The clock synchronizing method flow chart that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is further described in more detail.
The composition schematic diagram of the clock synchronization apparatus that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, it mainly comprises: block isolating device 31, amplifier 32, GPS receiver module 33, local reference clock module 34, frequency division module 35, time difference measurement module 36, data processing module 37 and analog-to-digital conversion module 38, wherein:
Block isolating device 31: for receiving the gps signal from global positioning system (GPS, Global Positioning System) passive antenna, gps signal is outputed to amplifier 32, meanwhile, when receiving the electric current of amplifier 32 feedbacks, cut off this electric current.
When the present embodiment is applied to high ferro channel measurement, channel measurement instrument is positioned at the roof of high ferro train, because top antenna is short circuit antenna, therefore needs block isolating device 31 to cut off the electric current of amplifier 32 feedbacks.
Amplifier 32: receive the gps signal of block isolating device 31 outputs, this gps signal is amplified, the gps signal of amplification is outputed to GPS receiver module 33.
Wherein, the multiplication factor of amplifier 32 can rule of thumb be determined.Amplifier 32 can adopt one-level amplifier, also can adopt two-stage amplifier as shown in Figure 4, wherein, the multiplication factor of amplifier A, B, and the decay factor of attenuator all can be determined by experience, the effect of attenuator is saturated in order to prevent the input signal of amplifier B.
GPS receiver module 33: for the gps signal of reception amplifier 32 outputs, obtain after treatment the GPS pps pulse per second signal of standard, GPS pps pulse per second signal is outputed to time difference measurement module 36.
Local reference clock module 34: for generation of local reference clock signal, local reference clock signal is outputed to frequency division module 35; Receive the analog voltage that analog-to-digital conversion module 38 is sent, according to this analog voltage, local reference clock signal is revised.
Frequency division module 35: be local clock pps pulse per second signal by the local reference clock signal frequency division of local reference clock module 34 outputs, local clock pps pulse per second signal is outputed to time difference measurement module 36.
Time difference measurement module 36: measure the time difference between the local clock pps pulse per second signal of local reference clock module 34 outputs and the GPS pps pulse per second signal of GPS receiver module 33 outputs, this time difference is sent to data processing module 37.
Here, can adopt direct counting method to measure the time difference between the local clock pps pulse per second signal of local reference clock module 34 outputs and the GPS pps pulse per second signal of GPS receiver module 33 outputs.
Data processing module 37: receive the time difference that time difference measurement module 36 is sent, according to frequency and cycle relation reciprocal each other, obtain local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal, frequency departure is sent to analog-to-digital conversion module 38.
Analog-to-digital conversion module 38: receive the frequency departure that data processing module 37 is sent, frequency departure is converted to the voltage controling end that sends to local reference clock module 34 after analog voltage.
In actual applications, can between data processing module 37 and analog-to-digital conversion module 38, increase a level and smooth module, this level and smooth module is for receiving the local clock pps pulse per second signal of data processing module 37 outputs with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal, by methods such as Kalman filterings, this frequency departure is carried out to smoothing processing, to eliminate the impact of GPS pps pulse per second signal randomized jitter, the frequency departure after smoothing processing is sent to analog-to-digital conversion module 38.
In actual applications, there are a kind of abnormal conditions: gps signal is lost, and for this situation, provides following solution:
Time difference measurement module 36 is further used for, and when not receiving the GPS pps pulse per second signal of GPS receiver module 33 outputs within default waiting time, determines gps signal loss, to data processing module 37, sends gps signals and loses indication;
The initial condition of data processing module 37 can be made as taming state, when being transferred to after hold mode by taming state, if after this receive the time difference that time difference measurement module 36 is sent, again switches back taming state.
Setting GPS receiver module 33 embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 is supported passive antenna.There is in actual applications the situation of 33 support active antennas of GPS receiver module, Fig. 5 has provided the composition schematic diagram of the clock synchronization apparatus when GPS receiver module is only supported active antenna, as shown in Figure 5, the difference of this device and Fig. 3 shown device is only: the input port place at GPS receiver module 33 increases by a pull down resistor, to avoid GPS receiver module 33 to think short circuit or open circuit.Feed voltage when wherein, the value of pull down resistor equals the 33 normal work of GPS receiver module is divided by feed current.
In actual applications, may exist a plurality of equipment all will use the situation of gps signal, for example: when carrying out high ferro channel measurement ON TRAINS except channel measurement instrument, also need other auxiliary equipment channel measurement process of having come together, such as: track record instrument etc., these auxiliary equipment also need the support of gps signal, and these equipment all adopt GPS active antenna conventionally.Fig. 6 has provided the composition schematic diagram of the clock synchronization apparatus when a plurality of equipment is supported gps signal, as shown in Figure 6, the difference of this device and Fig. 3 shown device is: the gps signal of amplifier 32 output is sent by GPS passive antenna, and the equipment that need to use gps signal receives this gps signal by the GPS active antenna of self.
While adopting in this way, although the impact of gps signal Existential Space loss when transmission, because GPS active antenna itself has amplifier, therefore can compensate a part of space loss.
In addition, in order to improve the reception of gps signal, GPS passive antenna can adopt directional antenna to aim at receiving equipment.
When the present invention is applied to the channel measurement scene of high ferro train, one end of channel measurement instrument is positioned on train, and the top antenna of train is GPS passive antenna, and now, the clock that channel measurement instrument uses can adopt Fig. 3 or 4 or 5 shown devices to carry out clock synchronous; And the channel measurement instrument that is positioned at the other end on the ground, the antenna now using is GPS active antenna, the clock synchronization apparatus that the clock of this channel measurement instrument adopts can only include: the GPS receiver module 33 in Fig. 3 shown device, local reference clock module 34, frequency division module 35, time difference measurement module 36, data processing module 37 and analog-to-digital conversion module 38, wherein, GPS receiver module 33 directly receives gps signal by GPS active antenna.
Visible, gps satellite signal is simultaneously to the sending and receiving end time service of channel measurement instrument, and both are all synchronized with gps clock, without carrying out direct-connected local synchronization, can realize efficient measurement again; Taming the guaranteed sending and receiving end frequency invariance of gps satellite signal to local reference clock module, therefore, after channel parameter extracts, the channel time varying characteristic of acquisition only comprises Doppler frequency difference, has improved the precision of clock synchronous.
The clock synchronizing method flow chart that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, its concrete steps are as follows:
Step 701: receive the gps signal from GPS passive antenna, this gps signal is amplified, obtain the GPS pps pulse per second signal of standard according to the gps signal after amplifying; Meanwhile, by local reference clock signal frequency division, be local clock pps pulse per second signal.
Gps signal is amplified and can be: carry out one-level amplification, or carry out secondary amplification.
When having a plurality of equipment to use gps signal, the gps signal of amplification can be sent by gps antenna, this gps signal is by being used the gps antenna of each equipment of gps signal to arrive corresponding device.Wherein, gps antenna can adopt directional antenna, to improve the reception of gps signal.
Step 702: measure the time difference between local clock pps pulse per second signal and GPS pps pulse per second signal, obtain local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal according to this time difference.
Step 703: this frequency departure is converted to analog voltage, according to this analog voltage, local reference clock signal is revised.
Before frequency departure is converted to analog voltage, can adopt the methods such as Kalman filtering to carry out smoothing processing to this frequency departure.
When gps signal is lost, can to local reference clock signal, revise according to the analog voltage obtaining recently.
Clock synchronous scheme provided by the invention, is not only applicable to high ferro train, is applicable to the scene that other adopts passive antenna and need to carry out clock synchronous yet.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. a clock synchronization apparatus, is characterized in that, this device comprises:
Block isolating device: receive the gps signal from global position system GPS passive antenna, gps signal is outputed to amplifier, meanwhile, when receiving the electric current of amplifier feedback, cut off this electric current;
Amplifier: output to GPS receiver module after the gps signal from block isolating device is amplified;
GPS receiver module: obtain the GPS pps pulse per second signal of standard according to the gps signal of amplifier output, GPS pps pulse per second signal is outputed to time difference measurement module;
Local reference clock module: produce local reference clock signal, local reference clock signal is outputed to frequency division module; The analog voltage of sending according to analog-to-digital conversion module, revises local reference clock signal;
Frequency division module: be pps pulse per second signal by the local reference clock signal frequency division of local reference clock module output, this pps pulse per second signal is outputed to time difference measurement module;
Time difference measurement module: measure the time difference between the pps pulse per second signal of local reference clock module output and the GPS pps pulse per second signal of GPS receiver module output, this time difference is sent to data processing module;
Data processing module: the time difference of sending according to time difference measurement module, obtain local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal, frequency departure is sent to analog-to-digital conversion module;
Analog-to-digital conversion module: the frequency departure that data processing module is sent is converted to analog voltage, sends to local reference clock module by this analog voltage.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described GPS receiver module is only supported active antenna, at the input of GPS receiver module, increase by a pull down resistor, the feed voltage that resistance value equals GPS receiver module while normally working is divided by feed current.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described amplifier is one-level amplifier or two-stage amplifier.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described device further comprises: level and smooth module, for receiving the local clock pps pulse per second signal of data processing module output with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal, this frequency departure is carried out to smoothing processing, the frequency departure after smoothing processing is sent to analog-to-digital conversion module.
5. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described time difference measurement module is further used for, when not receiving the GPS pps pulse per second signal of GPS receiver module output within default waiting time, determine gps signal loss, to data processing module, send gps signal and lose indication;
Data processing module is further used for, when receiving gps signal that time difference measurement module sends and lose indication, by taming state, transfer hold mode to, during hold mode, the frequency departure once obtaining recently to analog-to-digital conversion module output every Preset Time interval.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described amplifier is further used for, and the gps signal of amplification is sent by antenna, and this gps signal arrives a plurality of GPS receiver modules that need to use gps signal.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the gps antenna that described amplifier transmission gps signal is used is directional antenna.
8. a clock synchronizing method, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Reception, from the gps signal of GPS passive antenna, is amplified this gps signal, obtains the GPS pps pulse per second signal of standard according to the gps signal after amplifying;
By local reference clock signal frequency division, it is local clock pps pulse per second signal;
Measure the time difference between described local clock pps pulse per second signal and described GPS pps pulse per second signal, obtain local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to the frequency departure of GPS pps pulse per second signal according to this time difference, this frequency departure is converted to analog voltage, according to this analog voltage, local reference clock signal is revised.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described this gps signal is enlarged into:
This gps signal is carried out to one-level amplification or secondary amplification.
10. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described according to this time difference, obtain the frequency departure of local clock pps pulse per second signal with respect to GPS pps pulse per second signal after, this frequency departure is converted to before analog voltage and is further comprised:
This frequency departure is carried out to smoothing processing.
11. methods according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described method further comprises: when gps signal is lost, according to the analog voltage obtaining recently, local reference clock signal is revised.
12. methods according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described this gps signal are further comprised after amplifying: the gps signal of amplification is sent by gps antenna, and this gps signal arrives the equipment that need to use gps signal by gps antenna.
13. methods according to claim 12, is characterized in that, when the gps signal of amplification is sent by gps antenna, described gps antenna is directional antenna.
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| CN105429724A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-03-23 | 北京小鸟听听科技有限公司 | Clock correction method, clock correcting device, and sound box |
| CN110113811A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-09 | 四川中电昆辰科技有限公司 | Clock recovery synchronizing device, positioning system and localization method |
| CN111278102A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-12 | 深圳前海中电慧安科技有限公司 | Base station synchronization method, device, server and storage medium |
| CN112433536A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-02 | 一飞(海南)科技有限公司 | PPS second pulse clock calibration method, processor, storage medium and unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN105350956A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Microseism data acquisition real-time monitoring system and method thereof |
| CN105429724A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-03-23 | 北京小鸟听听科技有限公司 | Clock correction method, clock correcting device, and sound box |
| CN105429724B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 北京小鸟听听科技有限公司 | Clock correction method, clock correction device and audio amplifier |
| CN110113811A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-09 | 四川中电昆辰科技有限公司 | Clock recovery synchronizing device, positioning system and localization method |
| CN110113811B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2021-11-02 | 四川中电昆辰科技有限公司 | Clock recovery synchronization device, positioning system and positioning method |
| WO2021077589A1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-29 | 泰斗微电子科技有限公司 | Circuit and apparatus for measuring pulse-per-second signal time difference |
| CN111278102A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-12 | 深圳前海中电慧安科技有限公司 | Base station synchronization method, device, server and storage medium |
| CN112433536A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-02 | 一飞(海南)科技有限公司 | PPS second pulse clock calibration method, processor, storage medium and unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN112698363A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-23 | 成都国星通信有限公司 | High-precision data acquisition method and acquisition circuit for Beidou anti-interference antenna |
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