CN103684048A - Laminating magnetoelectric-type broadband three-dimensional vibrating energy collector and resilient mechanism thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes an elastic mechanism, which is composed of a support, an arc-shaped elastic beam and a mass block; the arc-shaped elastic beam is composed of a straight section and a curved section; the axial direction of the straight section is parallel to the axial direction of the mass block , a plurality of straight sections are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mass block, and the distance between the straight section and the central axis of the mass block is greater than the radius of the mass block; the outer end of the curved section is connected to the outer wall of the mass block, and the curved section and The plane formed by the straight section coincides with the axial section of the proof mass. The present invention also proposes a laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester based on the aforementioned elastic mechanism. The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: the response range of the vibration energy harvester to external vibration excitation is expanded, and the energy collection efficiency of the vibration energy harvester is improved.

Description

Laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester and its elastic mechanism

technical field

The present invention relates to a vibration energy harvester, in particular to a laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester and its elastic mechanism.

Background technique

With the rapid development of MEMS technology, micro-power electronic products and micro-miniature wireless sensors have also made great progress; in order to meet the self-supply energy requirements of micro-power electronic products, the research of micro-miniature energy harvesters has become a frontier hotspot.

Vibration energy is a kind of energy ubiquitous in the environment, including man-made, such as automobile vibration, various industrial machinery vibration, etc., and naturally occurring vibration, such as wind-induced vibration, etc., and vibration energy has the advantage of high energy density; at present, Feasible vibration energy harvesting methods mainly include electrostatic (electrostatic), electromagnetic (electromagnetic), piezoelectric (piezoelectric) and magnetoelectric (magnetoelectric). On this basis, researchers have successively designed many vibration Energy harvesters, such as: electrostatic energy harvesting devices (Chinese invention patent CN1547312A, US patent US7112911B2, etc.); electromagnetic energy harvesting devices (Chinese invention patents CN1877973A, CN101075773A, CN1652440A, CN1604436A, etc.); Invention patents CN2834010Y, CN201054553Y, US patent US7345407B2, etc.); magnetoelectric energy harvesting device (Chinese invention patent CN101404468A, etc.).

Regardless of the energy conversion mechanism of the vibration energy harvester, the existing vibration energy harvesters have a common problem, that is, they can only collect vibration energy in a specific direction, and in the actual environment, the vibration direction is usually With multi-directionality, even three-dimensional or changing with time, the method of collecting vibration energy in a specific direction by traditional collection devices is inefficient, which greatly restricts the application of vibration energy harvesters in engineering practice .

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the present invention proposes an elastic mechanism, the structure of which is: the elastic mechanism is composed of a support, a plurality of arc-shaped elastic beams and a mass block; the shape of the mass block is cylindrical; The arc-shaped elastic beam is composed of a straight section and a curved section, and the straight section and the curved section are an integral structure; the axial direction of the straight section is parallel to the axial direction of the mass block, and the straight sections on multiple arc-shaped elastic beams Evenly distributed along the circumference of the mass block, and the distance between the straight section and the central axis of the mass block is greater than the radius of the mass block; the outer end of the curved section is connected to the outer wall of the mass block, and the curved section and the straight section form The plane coincides with the axial section of the mass.

The principle of the foregoing structure is: the curved elastic beam in the elastic mechanism of the present invention is composed of a straight section and a curved section, the straight section makes the elastic mechanism respond to vibrations in any direction within the cross-sectional range of the mass block, and the curved section The elastic mechanism can respond to the vibration in the axial direction of the mass block, which makes the elastic mechanism have the ability to respond to vibrations in multiple dimensions; compared with the prior art, the solution of the present invention can make the response of the vibration energy harvester The range has been extended to improve the efficiency of the vibration energy harvester to harvest energy.

Based on the foregoing scheme, the present invention proposes a laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester, the structure of which is: the laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester consists of an elastic mechanism, a base, a bracket, two Composed of permanent magnets and layered composite transducers;

The structure of the elastic mechanism is: the elastic mechanism is composed of a support, a plurality of curved elastic beams and a mass block; the shape of the mass block is cylindrical; the curved elastic beam is composed of a straight section and a curved section Composition, and the straight section and the curved section are an integral structure; the axial direction of the straight section is parallel to the axial direction of the mass block, and the straight sections on multiple arc-shaped elastic beams are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mass block, and the straight section The distance from the central axis of the mass block is greater than the radius of the mass block; the outer end of the curved section is connected to the outer wall of the mass block, and the plane formed by the curved section and the straight section coincides with the axial section of the mass block;

Both the support and the bracket are set on the base, the first permanent magnet is set on the support, and the second permanent magnet is set on the outer end surface of the mass block. When the device is stationary, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are relatively closed. The air gap magnetic field, the layered composite transducer is arranged on the outer end surface of the first permanent magnet in the air gap magnetic field, and there is a gap between the layered composite transducer and the second permanent magnet.

The working principle of the laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester of the present invention is: the relative positions of the first permanent magnet and the layered composite transducer and the base are kept fixed, and the second permanent magnet can generate energy under external vibration excitation. Vibration, when the external vibration excitation acts on the base, the layered composite transducer and the permanent magnet magnetic circuit produce relative motion, and the layered composite transducer feels the changing magnetic field, which leads to the corresponding deformation of the piezomagnetic phase. Deformation acts on the piezoelectric layer in the layered composite transducer and generates electrical output; the laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester of the present invention is a new vibration energy obtained by using the aforementioned elastic mechanism The harvester benefits from the ability of the elastic mechanism to respond to vibrations in multiple dimensions. The response dimension of the laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester of the present invention has also been expanded, and the efficiency of energy collection is high.

Preferably, the first permanent magnet and the bracket are connected through a connecting block, and the connecting block is made of non-magnetic material.

In order to improve the output of the device, the present invention has also made the following improvements: the permanent magnet is spliced by two magnets, wherein the cross section of the first magnet is circular, the cross section of the second magnet is circular, and the first magnet has a circular cross section. The magnet is sleeved in the inner hole of the second magnet, and the polarity of the outer end surface of the first magnet is opposite to that of the outer end surface of the second magnet; when the device is stationary, the first magnet on the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet The polarity of the first magnet is opposite and the position is opposite, and the second magnet on the first permanent magnet and the second magnet on the second permanent magnet are opposite in polarity and the position is opposite. After adopting the above-mentioned improvements, the magnetic field polarity at the junction of two magnets on the same permanent magnet can be abruptly changed, and while the magnetic field gradient of the air gap magnetic field is greatly improved, the layered composite transducer and the permanent magnet magnetic circuit The rate of change of the magnetic field when relative motion is generated is improved, which ultimately allows the layered composite transducer to obtain a greater electrical output.

In order to facilitate the adjustment of the gap between the two permanent magnets, the present invention also makes the following improvements: the bracket can slide on the base.

In order to prevent the second permanent magnet from colliding with the layered composite transducer when vibrating, the present invention also makes the following improvements: a protective frame is arranged on the outer end surface of the first permanent magnet, and a protective frame is arranged between the outer end of the protective frame and the second permanent magnet. The gap is smaller than the gap between the layered composite transducer and the second permanent magnet.

Preferably, the layered composite transducer is composed of two magnetostrictive material layers and one piezoelectric material layer; the two magnetostrictive material layers are stacked on the upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric material layer respectively.

In order to further improve the electrical output of the layered composite transducer, the present invention also makes the following improvements: the magnetostrictive material layer is spliced by a plurality of magnetostrictive material sheets, and the magnetostrictive material layers on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer The number of material pieces is the same and the positions correspond to each other.

The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is that: the response range of the vibration energy harvester to external vibration excitation is expanded, and the energy collection efficiency of the vibration energy harvester is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1, structural representation of the present invention;

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the outer end surface of the permanent magnet;

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the structure of the layered composite transducer;

The parts corresponding to each mark in the figure are: support 1, curved elastic beam 2, straight section 2-1, curved section 2-2, quality block 3, base 4, bracket 5, permanent magnet 6, layer Shape composite transducer 7, magnetostrictive material layer 7-1, piezoelectric material layer 7-2, magnetostrictive material sheet 7-3, protective frame 8, first magnet 9, second magnet 10.

Detailed ways

A kind of elastic mechanism, its structure is: described elastic mechanism is made up of bearing 1, a plurality of arc-shaped elastic beams 2 and mass block 3; The shape of described mass block 3 is cylindrical; Described arc-shaped elastic beam 2 consists of The straight section 2-1 and the curved section 2-2 are composed, and the straight section 2-1 and the curved section 2-2 are an integral structure; the axial direction of the straight section 2-1 is parallel to the axial direction of the mass block 3, and more The straight section 2-1 on the root arc elastic beam 2 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the mass block 3, and the distance between the straight section 2-1 and the central axis of the mass block 3 is greater than the radius of the mass block 3; the curved The outer end of the segment 2-2 is connected to the outer wall of the mass block 3, and the plane formed by the curved segment 2-2 and the straight segment 2-1 coincides with the axial section of the mass block 3.

A laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester, its structure is: the laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester consists of an elastic mechanism, a base 4, a bracket 5, two permanent magnets 6 and a layered Composition of composite transducer 7;

The structure of the elastic mechanism is: the elastic mechanism is composed of a support 1, a plurality of arc elastic beams 2 and a mass block 3; the shape of the mass block 3 is cylindrical; the arc elastic beam 2 is composed of a straight The strip section 2-1 and the curved section 2-2 are composed, and the straight section 2-1 and the curved section 2-2 are integral structures; the axial direction of the straight section 2-1 is parallel to the axial direction of the mass block 3, and multiple The straight section 2-1 on the curved elastic beam 2 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the mass block 3, and the distance between the straight section 2-1 and the central axis of the mass block 3 is greater than the radius of the mass block 3; the curved section The outer end of 2-2 is connected to the outer wall of the mass block 3, and the plane formed by the curved section 2-2 and the straight section 2-1 coincides with the axial section of the mass block 3;

Support 1 and support 5 are all arranged on the base 4, the first permanent magnet 6 is arranged on the support 5, and the second permanent magnet 6 is arranged on the outer end face of the mass block 3, when the device is stationary, the first permanent magnet 6 and The position of the second permanent magnet 6 is opposite to form a closed air gap magnetic field. The layered composite transducer 7 is arranged on the outer end surface of the first permanent magnet (6) in the air gap magnetic field. The layered composite transducer 7 and the second permanent magnet A gap is left between the magnets 6 .

Further, the first permanent magnet 6 and the bracket 5 are connected through a connecting block, and the connecting block is made of non-magnetic material.

Further, the permanent magnet 6 is spliced by two magnets, wherein the cross section of the first magnet is circular, the cross section of the second magnet is circular, and the first magnet is sleeved in the inner hole of the second magnet , and the polarity of the first magnet outer end face is opposite to the polarity of the second magnet outer end face; when the device is stationary, the first magnet on the first permanent magnet 6 is opposite to the first magnet polarity on the second permanent magnet 6, The positions are opposite, and the second magnet on the first permanent magnet 6 is opposite in polarity to the second magnet on the second permanent magnet 6 , and their positions are opposite.

Further, the bracket 5 can slide on the base 4 .

Further, the outer end surface of the first permanent magnet 6 is provided with a protective frame, and the gap between the outer end of the protective frame and the second permanent magnet 6 is smaller than the gap between the layered composite transducer 7 and the second permanent magnet 6 .

Further, the layered composite transducer 7 is composed of two layers of magnetostrictive material layer 7-1 and one layer of piezoelectric material layer 7-2; two layers of magnetostrictive material layer 7-1 are respectively stacked on the piezoelectric The upper and lower sides of the material layer 7-2.

Further, the magnetostrictive material layer 7-1 is formed by splicing a plurality of magnetostrictive material sheets, and the number of magnetostrictive material sheets on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer 7-2 is the same and their positions correspond to each other.

Claims (8)

1. An elastic mechanism, characterized in that: the elastic mechanism is composed of a support (1), a plurality of arc-shaped elastic beams (2) and a mass block (3); the shape of the mass block (3) is a cylinder shape; the curved elastic beam (2) is composed of a straight section (2-1) and a curved section (2-2), and the straight section (2-1) and the curved section (2-2) are an integral structure ; The axial direction of the straight section (2-1) is parallel to the axial direction of the mass block (3), and the straight section (2-1) on the multiple curved elastic beams (2) is along the circumferential direction of the mass block (3) Evenly distributed, and the distance between the straight section (2-1) and the central axis of the mass block (3) is greater than the radius of the mass block (3); the outer end of the curved section (2-2) and the mass block (3) ), the plane formed by the curved section (2-2) and the straight section (2-1) coincides with the axial section of the mass block (3). 2. A laminated magnetoelectric type broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester adopting the elastic mechanism of claim 1, characterized in that: the laminated magnetoelectric type broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester consists of elastic mechanism, base (4 ), a bracket (5), two permanent magnets (6) and a layered composite transducer (7); The structure of the elastic mechanism is: the elastic mechanism is composed of a support (1), a plurality of arc-shaped elastic beams (2) and a mass block (3); the shape of the mass block (3) is cylindrical; the The curved elastic beam (2) is composed of a straight section (2-1) and a curved section (2-2), and the straight section (2-1) and the curved section (2-2) are an integral structure; the straight section The axial direction of the segment (2-1) is parallel to the axial direction of the mass block (3), and the straight segments (2-1) on multiple arc-shaped elastic beams (2) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mass block (3), And the distance between the straight section (2-1) and the central axis of the mass block (3) is greater than the radius of the mass block (3); the outer end of the curved section (2-2) and the outer wall of the mass block (3) Connection, the plane formed by the curved section (2-2) and the straight section (2-1) coincides with the axial section of the mass block (3); Both the support (1) and the bracket (5) are set on the base (4), the first permanent magnet (6) is set on the bracket (5), and the second permanent magnet (6) is set on the mass block (3) On the outer end surface, when the device is at rest, the first permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (6) are relatively positioned to form a closed air gap magnetic field, and the layered composite transducer (7) is arranged in the first permanent magnet in the air gap magnetic field. On the outer end surface of the magnet (6), there is a gap between the layered composite transducer (7) and the second permanent magnet (6). 3. The laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first permanent magnet (6) and the support (5) are connected by a connecting block, and the connection The block is made of non-magnetic material. 4. The laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the permanent magnet (6) is spliced by two magnets, wherein the cross section of the first magnet is circular , the cross-section of the second magnet is circular, the first magnet is sleeved in the inner hole of the second magnet, and the polarity of the outer end surface of the first magnet is opposite to that of the outer end surface of the second magnet; when the device is stationary, the second magnet The first magnet on the permanent magnet (6) is opposite in polarity to the first magnet on the second permanent magnet (6), and the position is opposite, and the second magnet on the first permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (6) ) on the second magnet opposite in polarity and opposite in position. 5. The laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bracket (5) can slide on the base (4). 6. The laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer end surface of the first permanent magnet (6) is provided with a protective frame, and the outer end of the protective frame is connected to the second permanent magnet. The gap between the magnets (6) is smaller than the gap between the layered composite transducer (7) and the second permanent magnet (6). 7. The laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the layered composite transducer (7) consists of two magnetostrictive material layers (7-1) and It consists of one piezoelectric material layer (7-2); two magnetostrictive material layers (7-1) are stacked on the upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric material layer (7-2) respectively. 8. The laminated magnetoelectric broadband three-dimensional vibration energy harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: the magnetostrictive material layer (7-1) is spliced by a plurality of magnetostrictive material sheets, pressed The number of magnetostrictive material sheets on both sides of the electric material layer (7-2) is the same and their positions correspond to each other.

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