CN103683884A - Over-voltage and over-current protection circuit - Google Patents
Over-voltage and over-current protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103683884A CN103683884A CN201310718547.0A CN201310718547A CN103683884A CN 103683884 A CN103683884 A CN 103683884A CN 201310718547 A CN201310718547 A CN 201310718547A CN 103683884 A CN103683884 A CN 103683884A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an over-voltage and over-current protection circuit which is coupled with an external power supply and an external circuit and comprises an over-voltage protection unit and an over-current protection unit, wherein the over-current protection unit is coupled with the external power supply, the external circuit and the over-voltage protection unit and used for limiting supply current by increasing the impedance of the over-current protection unit when the supply current of the external power supply is over, limiting the current outputted to the external circuit within a preset safety value and transferring supply voltage of the external power supply to the over-voltage protection unit, and the over-voltage protection unit is used for clamping the supply voltage by reducing the impedance of the over-voltage protection unit when the supply voltage of the external power supply transferred by the over-current protection unit is over, and clamping the voltage outputted to the external circuit within a preset safety value. The over-voltage and over-current protection circuit realizes over-voltage and over-current protection for a switch power circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit field, specifically, relate to a kind of over-voltage over-current protection circuit.
Background technology
At present, along with developing rapidly of semiconductor technology, the use of integrated circuit has spread all over every field, especially for power supply, control switching circuit (as: the DC-DC circuit of class, miniaturization switching power circuit), the fields such as power electronics, military project, scientific research, industrial control equipment, communication apparatus, instrument and meter, switching equipment, access device, mobile communication, router communication, Industry Control, automotive electronics, Aero-Space have been widely used in.Owing to adopting switching circuit to set up power-supply system, have short, the feature such as reliability is high, system upgrade is easy of design cycle, the application of switching circuit is more and more extensive.A large amount of uses along with semiconductor technology, encapsulation technology and high-frequency soft switch; the power density of switching circuit is increasing; conversion efficiency is more and more higher; apply also more and more simpler; current popular use semiconductor circuit completes overvoltage detection and over-current detection; with semiconductor electronic switch, cut off input circuit, reach the object of protection late-class circuit.
The large-scale corresponding industrial automation equipment of industrial production managerial demand is carried out, and the power switch circuits such as switching circuit are also widely used in industrial automation equipment.But in the situation that industrial automation equipment is applied in severe industrial environment, voltage on power cable conventionally exists and rises sharply or the phenomenon of rapid drawdown, the overvoltage causing thus and under-voltagely all may cause damage to switching circuit.Wherein, the access high pressure of power cable possible errors in wiring process, or due to heavy load access or disconnect causing on power circuit and produce high surge voltage, to power circuit, cause overvoltage to damage.Especially go up and can cause damage to the device of whole piece circuit carrying out wrong line, cause certain economic loss.This
In prior art, semiconductor circuit, in the situation that having surge voltage, easily damages, and components and parts usage quantity is many, complex structure, so just reduced the efficiency of power supply, and invalid power consumption increases the burden of chip cooling, affected the stability of circuit, simultaneously, because components and parts usage quantity in circuit is more, the probability breaking down is higher, has reduced the reliability of circuit integral body.
Therefore, how to solve the problem for the over-voltage over-current protection of switching power circuit, just become technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of over-voltage over-current protection circuit, to solve the problem for the over-voltage over-current protection of switching power circuit.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of over-voltage over-current protection circuit, couple mutually with external power source and external circuit, it is characterized in that, comprising: Overvoltage protecting unit and over-current protecting unit, wherein,
Described over-current protecting unit, couple mutually with described external power source, external circuit and described Overvoltage protecting unit, for when the power supply overcurrent of described external power source, to increase the mode of this over-current protecting unit direct impedance, supply current is carried out to current limliting processing, the described current limit that exports described external circuit to, in preset safety value, is sent to described Overvoltage protecting unit by the supply power voltage of described external power source simultaneously;
Described Overvoltage protecting unit; couple mutually with described over-current protecting unit and described external circuit; during for the supply power voltage overvoltage of the described external power source that transmits at described over-current protecting unit; to reduce the mode of this Overvoltage protecting unit direct impedance; supply power voltage is carried out to clamper processing, by the voltage clamp that exports described external circuit in preset safety value.
Preferably, described preset safety value, further for the normal operation of device in circuit and lower than the curtage value that causes device failure in circuit.
Preferably, described over-current protecting unit, is further coupled between described external power source and external circuit with series system.
Preferably, described Overvoltage protecting unit, is further coupled between described external power source and external circuit with parallel way.
Preferably, described over-current protecting unit, further for having the resettable fuse of current limliting.
Preferably, described Overvoltage protecting unit, further for having the diode of clamper.
Compared with prior art, a kind of over-voltage over-current protection circuit of the present invention, has reached following effect:
1) the present invention is by the Real-Time Monitoring to voltage and current in circuit; can know in time rising sharply of voltage or electric current; and when overtension, voltage is carried out clamper or when electric current is too high, electric current carried out to current limliting; make it be no more than ceiling voltage or electric current that circuit can bear, thereby efficiently solve the problem for the over-voltage over-current protection of switching power circuit.
2) the present invention uses device less, simple structure, and reliability is high, when effectively carrying out over-current over-voltage protection, has also reduced manufacturing cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms a part of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the over-voltage over-current protection circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of over-voltage over-current protection circuit of the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the over-voltage over-current protection circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 4 is the concrete application circuit of the over-voltage over-current protection circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Embodiment
As used some vocabulary in the middle of specification and claim, censure specific components.Those skilled in the art should understand, and hardware manufacturer may be called same assembly with different nouns.This specification and claims are not used as distinguishing the mode of assembly with the difference of title, but the difference in function is used as the criterion of distinguishing with assembly.If " comprising " mentioned in the middle of specification and claim is in the whole text an open language, therefore should be construed to " comprise but be not limited to "." roughly " refer to that in acceptable error range, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within the scope of certain error, reach described technique effect substantially.In addition, " couple " word and comprise directly any and electric property coupling means indirectly at this.Therefore, if describe a first device in literary composition, be coupled to one second device, represent that described first device can directly be electrically coupled to described the second device, or be indirectly electrically coupled to described the second device by other devices or the means that couple.Specification subsequent descriptions is for implementing better embodiment of the present invention, and right described description is to illustrate that rule of the present invention is object, not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion depending on the claims person of defining.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment mono-
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of over-voltage over-current protection circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention one, couple mutually with external power source and external circuit, this over-voltage over-current protection circuit 11 comprises: over-current protecting unit 101 and Overvoltage protecting unit 102, wherein,
Described over-current protecting unit 101, couple mutually with described external power source, external circuit and described Overvoltage protecting unit 102, for when the power supply overcurrent of described external power source, to increase the mode of this over-current protecting unit direct impedance, supply current is carried out to current limliting processing, the described current limit that exports described external circuit to, in preset safety value, is sent to the supply power voltage of described external power source to described Overvoltage protecting unit 102 simultaneously;
Described Overvoltage protecting unit 102, couple mutually with described over-current protecting unit 101 and described external circuit, during for the supply power voltage overvoltage of the described external power source that transmits at described over-current protecting unit 101, to reduce the mode of this Overvoltage protecting unit direct impedance, supply power voltage is carried out to clamper processing, by the voltage clamp that exports described external circuit in preset safety value;
Wherein, described preset safety value, is specially in circuit the normal operation of device and lower than the curtage value that causes device failure in circuit.
Above-mentioned over-current protecting unit 101 is coupled between described external power source and external circuit with series system.
Above-mentioned Overvoltage protecting unit 102 is coupled between described external power source and external circuit with parallel way.
In the present embodiment, described over-current protecting unit 101, for having the resettable fuse of current limliting; Described Overvoltage protecting unit 102, for having the diode of clamper.
In the present embodiment; described over-voltage over-current protection circuit; be specifically as follows the corresponding circuit structure being formed by the circuit elements device with current limliting and clamper function; certainly; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that; described over-voltage over-current protection circuit can also, for having integrated chip or the device of foregoing circuit function, not form limitation of the invention at this.
In the present embodiment, described over-voltage over-current protection circuit specifically can consist of current-limiting resistance.
Embodiment bis-
Now, in conjunction with Fig. 2 to 4, the described concrete application that is applied to the device of the under-voltage overvoltage protection in circuit is described:
As shown in Figure 2, in the prior art, although the control of by switch power controller part, whole circuit being turn-offed or being opened in circuit,, the overvoltage of external circuit or overcurrent, can cause the malfunctioning of switch power controller even to damage.Therefore, in circuit structure, add error connection proof high voltage protection circuit, as shown in Figure 3.
In practical application, the corresponding side circuit of the circuit block diagram shown in Fig. 3 as shown in Figure 4, is described over-voltage over-current protection circuit corresponding side circuit in concrete application, wherein,
F1 is the resettable fuse with metering function, TVS1(TVS-Transient Voltage Suppressor-Transient Suppression Diode, and feature is: response speed is fast especially; Resistance to surge impact ability is poor compared with discharge tube and piezo-resistance, and its 10/1000 μ s wave impulse power is from 400W～30KW, and pulse peak current is from 0.52A～544A; Breakdown potential is pressed with the series of values from 6.8V～550V, and the circuit of being convenient to various different voltages is used) for thering is the Transient Suppression Diode of clamping action.
Overcurrent protection structure consists of F1, and overvoltage protection structure consists of TVS1.
Particularly:
For the situation of power supply overcurrent, electric current can raise gradually from lower current value, and while flowing through F1, it is large that the resistance value of F1 becomes rapidly, thus by current limit a safe range.If thereby protected suffix circuit when being less than the electric current of minimum movements value (minimum value is 20mA) of F1, present low resistance.TVS1 surpass its reverse shutoff voltage (minimum 64V) thus time TVS1 impedance sharply diminish the voltage clamping at its two ends, thereby protected late-class circuit.
Situation for power supply overvoltage; voltage can raise gradually from lower magnitude of voltage; when external-connected port high pressure, TVS1 is when surpassing its reverse shutoff voltage (minimum 64V), and TVS1 moves; the rapid step-down of impedance of TVS1; from original impedance, drop in the scope of a safety, thereby by the voltage clamping at its two ends, protected suffix circuit; meanwhile, the existence of TVS1 provides the function of surge protection.In the present embodiment, can by the value of change F1, adjust the threshold value of overcurrent protection, can adjust the threshold value of overvoltage protection by adjusting TVS1, wherein, the minimum value of overcurrent protection can be low to moderate 20mA, and overvoltage protection is not less than 64V.
Compared with prior art, a kind of over-voltage over-current protection circuit of the present invention, has reached following effect:
1) the present invention is by the Real-Time Monitoring to voltage and current in circuit; can know in time rising sharply of voltage or electric current; and when overtension, voltage is carried out clamper or when electric current is too high, electric current carried out to current limliting; make it be no more than ceiling voltage or electric current that circuit can bear, thereby efficiently solve the problem for the over-voltage over-current protection of switching power circuit.
2) the present invention uses device less, simple structure, and reliability is high, when effectively carrying out over-current over-voltage protection, has also reduced manufacturing cost.
Above-mentioned explanation illustrates and has described some preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as previously mentioned, be to be understood that the present invention is not limited to disclosed form herein, should not regard the eliminating to other embodiment as, and can be used for various other combinations, modification and environment, and can, in invention contemplated scope described herein, by technology or the knowledge of above-mentioned instruction or association area, change.And the change that those skilled in the art carry out and variation do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all should be in the protection range of claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an over-voltage over-current protection circuit, couples mutually with external power source and external circuit, it is characterized in that, comprising: Overvoltage protecting unit and over-current protecting unit, wherein,
Described over-current protecting unit, couple mutually with described external power source, external circuit and described Overvoltage protecting unit, for when the power supply overcurrent of described external power source, to increase the mode of this over-current protecting unit direct impedance, supply current is carried out to current limliting processing, the described current limit that exports described external circuit to, in preset safety value, is sent to described Overvoltage protecting unit by the supply power voltage of described external power source simultaneously;
Described Overvoltage protecting unit; couple mutually with described over-current protecting unit and described external circuit; during for the supply power voltage overvoltage of the described external power source that transmits at described over-current protecting unit; to reduce the mode of this Overvoltage protecting unit direct impedance; supply power voltage is carried out to clamper processing, by the voltage clamp that exports described external circuit in preset safety value.
2. over-voltage over-current protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described preset safety value, further for the normal operation of device in circuit and lower than the curtage value that causes device failure in circuit.
3. over-voltage over-current protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described over-current protecting unit is further coupled between described external power source and external circuit with series system.
4. over-voltage over-current protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described Overvoltage protecting unit is further coupled between described external power source and external circuit with parallel way.
5. over-voltage over-current protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described over-current protecting unit, further for having the resettable fuse of current limliting.
6. over-voltage over-current protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described Overvoltage protecting unit, further for having the diode of clamper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310718547.0A CN103683884A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | Over-voltage and over-current protection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310718547.0A CN103683884A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | Over-voltage and over-current protection circuit |
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| CN103683884A true CN103683884A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN201310718547.0A Pending CN103683884A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | Over-voltage and over-current protection circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105356422A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-24 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | Method and system for preventing overcurrent and overvoltage damages in test of electronic equipment |
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| CN101552451A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-10-07 | 卢东方 | Switch power supply cycle-by-cycle wave over-voltage protection circuit |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |