CN103682511A - Electric automobile - Google Patents
Electric automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103682511A CN103682511A CN201210338322.8A CN201210338322A CN103682511A CN 103682511 A CN103682511 A CN 103682511A CN 201210338322 A CN201210338322 A CN 201210338322A CN 103682511 A CN103682511 A CN 103682511A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- electric automobile
- conductive liquid
- air
- insulating heat
- heat exchanger
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric automobile. The electric automobile comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries which are disposed in the shell; insulation heat conduction liquid is poured into the shell; an outlet and an inlet are formed in the shell; the insulation heat conduction liquid flows through the outlet and returns back to the inlet through an external cooling device; a pump, which is used for driving the insulation heat conduction liquid to flow, is arranged between the outlet and the inlet; the insulation heat conduction liquid is poured into the battery shell, so that electrolyte is isolated from air and combustion and explosion are avoided when the single batteries expand or leak liquid; the insulation heat conduction liquid can absorb heat of the single batteries per se; an external circulation path is arranged for the insulation heat conduction liquid; the circulated insulation heat conduction liquid can be quickly cooled by the external cooling device which is disposed on the external circulation path, so that the overall battery pack has the characteristics of good cooling effect and relatively high safety, thus the safety of the electric automobile is improved.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of electric automobile, especially, relate to a kind of electric automobile with power brick external refrigeration system.
[background technology]
Along with petroleum resources day by day reduce and the pollution of environment day by day serious, protection of the environment, energy-saving and emission-reduction have become current trend and trend in the world.Under this background, in recent years, the motor vehicle that the battery of take is main power source or partial power source (mainly comprises hybrid electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, pure electric vehicle) engender and increasing, the carbon emission amount of motor vehicle is less than traditional combustion engine automobile, and the carbon emission of pure electric vehicle is even zero, and have the advantages that energy conversion efficiency is high, this makes people electric automobile is considered as to an important selection of following replace internal combustion engines car.
The power of current electric automobile is mainly selected lithium ion battery bag, and lithium ion battery bag consists of a plurality of lithium-ion battery monomers, and the energy that current batteries of electric automobile bag stores is generally all larger, and particularly pure electric vehicle, all the more so.For example: for common family expenses pure electric automobile, such as daily output " LEAF " (daily output " listening wind "), its lithium ion battery bag energy storage 24kWh.And for more large-scale pure electric vehicle, pure electric bus for example, its power brick energy storage generally, more than 200kWh, even can reach 300～400kWh.
For the power brick of large-scale pure electric vehicle, especially lithium ion battery bag, mainly adopt at present soft bag lithium ionic cell monomer composition power brick, thisly be designed with following problem, first, the Cooling Design of whole power brick is a difficult problem, current way has air-cooled and two kinds of main ways of liquid cooling, for air-cooled, to utilize the air-flow that vehicle takes up when advancing to carry out cool batteries bag, air-cooled design is cheap, but effect is poor, special all the more so when summer, air themperature was higher; For liquid cooling, it is generally the cooling liquid pipeline being provided with in power brick around battery, it is cooling at pipeline battery around that cooling fluid flows through pipeline, the effect of liquid cooling is generally better than air-cooled, but its difficult design is expensive, and absorbed after enough heats when cooling fluid, cooling fluid in the unpromising heating in power brick outside is provided with cooling device specially, or external refrigeration device too simple (adopting air-cooled fin such as being only).Can cause like this after using the long period, cooling fluid is heating, but but can not in power brick outside, dissipation of heat be fallen soon, thereby causes cooling effect variation.Secondly, soft bag lithium ionic cell generates heat in the process of using, and easily produces flatulence, electrolyte and the phenomenon such as overflows, and can burn after the electrolyte ingress of air overflowing, and even causes exploding.
[summary of the invention]
The electric automobile that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of power brick simplicity of design, good cooling results is large-scale pure electric automobile particularly.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick, power brick comprises housing and is placed in a plurality of battery cells in housing, in housing, be perfused with insulating heat-conductive liquid, on housing, offer outlet and entrance, insulating heat-conductive liquid can be by outlet via returning to entrance after external refrigeration device, between outlet and entrance, be provided with for driving the pump of insulating heat-conductive liquid flow, external refrigeration device comprises two fluid paths, in a fluid path therein, flow through the cooling liquid for cooling insulating heat-conductive liquid, insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through another fluid path.
As preferred technical scheme: described insulating heat-conductive liquid comprises any one in silicone oil or fire resistant oil.
As preferred technical scheme: described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, described external refrigeration device comprises plate heat exchanger, described insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through described plate heat exchanger one paths, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described plate heat exchanger.
As preferred technical scheme: described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, described external refrigeration device comprises double pipe heat exchanger, described insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through described double pipe heat exchanger one paths, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described double pipe heat exchanger.
As preferred technical scheme: described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, described external refrigeration device comprises tubular heat exchanger, described insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through described tubular heat exchanger one paths, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described tubular heat exchanger.
As preferred technical scheme: described external refrigeration device also comprises fin, described insulating heat-conductive liquid also flows through described fin.
As preferred technical scheme: described fin is arranged at the top of described electric automobile.
As preferred technical scheme: described electric automobile comprises air-conditioning, described air-conditioner air outlet connects two-way wind path, and wherein a transportation work style road is connected with the compartment of electric automobile, and another transportation work style road blows to fin.
As preferred technical scheme: described air-conditioning is by motor driven independently.
As preferred technical scheme: described air-conditioning is driven by power brick.
Technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages: by battery case perfusion in vivo insulating heat-conductive liquid, make in the time of battery cell generation flatulence or leakage, electrolyte and air are isolated, can not burn, explode; Itself can absorb the heat of battery cell insulating heat-conductive liquid, and for insulating heat-conductive liquid is provided with external circulation passage, the external refrigeration device that circulation insulating heat-conductive liquid out can be arranged in external circulation passage is soon cooling.Thereby make whole power brick there is good cooling results, safer feature.
External refrigeration device can be simple fin, by air-cooled, dispels the heat, and also fin can be arranged on to vehicle roof, and vehicle roof speed air flow is relatively very fast, thereby makes to dispel the heat better.In electric automobile, air-conditioning can also be set, adopt air-conditioner wind to carry out cold sink.Can be so that radiating effect be better.
Air-conditioning can adopt power brick to drive, but can relatively affect the flying power of vehicle like this, so, can adopt independently put-put to drive air-conditioning.
External refrigeration device can comprise industrial common plate heat exchanger, double pipe heat exchanger and split pipe heat exchanger, can so that insulating heat-conductive liquid in these heat exchangers and the cooling fluid of air-conditioning carry out exchange heat, good cooling results.External refrigeration device can also comprise common fin, and common fin can carry out series connection or the parallel connection of insulating heat-conductive liquid fluid with above-mentioned various heat exchangers, all can play the effect of further heat radiation.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the a-quadrant enlarged drawing in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein: 1. power brick; 2. housing; 3. insulating heat-conductive liquid; 4. outlet; 5. entrance; 6. fin; 7. pump; 8. air-conditioning; 9. compressor of air conditioner; 11. battery cells; 12. plate heat exchangers; 91. air conditioner liquid coolant outlets; 92. air conditioner liquid coolant entrances; F1. insulating heat-conductive liquid flows; F2. air conditioner liquid coolant liquid flows.
[embodiment]
Embodiment 1:
As schematically shown in Figure 1: a kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with silicone oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after fin 6, be provided with for driving the mobile pump of described silicone oil 7 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Embodiment 2:
1. an electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with silicone oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after fin 6, be provided with for driving the mobile pump of described silicone oil 7 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described fin 6 is arranged on the top of electric automobile.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with silicone oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after fin 6, be provided with for driving the mobile pump of described silicone oil 7 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, and air-conditioning is driven by power brick 1 supply electric power, and air-conditioner air outlet connects two-way wind path, and wherein a transportation work style road is connected with the compartment of electric automobile, and another transportation work style road blows to fin 6.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with silicone oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after fin 6, be provided with for driving the mobile pump of described silicone oil 7 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, and air-conditioning is driven by 4.5 horsepowers of single-cylinder engines independently, and air-conditioner air outlet connects two-way wind path, and wherein a transportation work style road is connected with the compartment of electric automobile, and another transportation work style road blows to fin 6.
Embodiment 5:
As schematically shown in Figure 2: a kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with silicone oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after external refrigeration device, be provided with for driving the mobile pump 7 of described silicone oil 3 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning 8, by 4.5 horsepowers of single-cylinder engines independently, drive compressor of air conditioner 9, described external refrigeration device is plate heat exchanger 12, described silicone oil flows through a paths of described plate heat exchanger 12, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described plate heat exchanger 12.
Fig. 3 is the a-quadrant enlarged drawing in Fig. 2, can find out, in plate heat exchanger 12, silicone fluid F1 flows to right side from left side, air conditioner liquid coolant fluid F 2 flows to left side from right side, both carry out sufficient heat exchange by the blade of plate heat exchanger 12, thereby make silicone oil promptly cooling.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with fire resistant oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after external refrigeration device, be provided with for driving the mobile pump 7 of described fire resistant oil 3 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning 8, by power brick 1, to air-conditioning 8, power to drive compressor of air conditioner 9, described external refrigeration device is double pipe heat exchanger 12, described silicone oil flows through a paths of described double pipe heat exchanger 12, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described double pipe heat exchanger 12.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with fire resistant oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after external refrigeration device, be provided with for driving the mobile pump 7 of described fire resistant oil 3 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning 8, by power brick 1, to air-conditioning 8, power to drive compressor of air conditioner 9, described external refrigeration device is tubular heat exchanger 12, described silicone oil flows through a paths of described tubular heat exchanger 12, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described tubular heat exchanger 12.
Embodiment 8:
As schematically shown in Figure 4: a kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with silicone oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after external refrigeration device, be provided with for driving the mobile pump 7 of described silicone oil 3 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning 8, by 4.5 horsepowers of single-cylinder engines independently, drive compressor of air conditioner 9, described external refrigeration device comprises plate heat exchanger 12 and fin 6, flow path with silicone oil 3, between plate heat exchanger and heat radiation 6, it is series relationship, described silicone oil 3 first-selections flow through a paths of described plate heat exchanger 12, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described plate heat exchanger 12.After plate heat exchanger, silicone oil 3 flows through fin 6 again and further dispels the heat.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of electric automobile, it comprises power brick 1, described power brick 1 comprises housing 2 and is placed in a plurality of battery cells 11 in described housing 1, in described housing 1, be perfused with silicone oil 3, on housing 1, offer outlet 4 and entrance 5, described silicone oil can, by exporting 4 via returning to entrance 5 after external refrigeration device, be provided with for driving the mobile pump 7 of described silicone oil 3 between described outlet 4 and entrance 5.
Described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning 8, by 5 horsepowers of single-cylinder engines independently, drive compressor of air conditioner 9, described external refrigeration device comprises double pipe heat exchanger 12 and fin 6, flow path with silicone oil 3, between plate heat exchanger and heat radiation 6, it is relation in parallel, from exporting 4 outflows, a part of silicone oil 3 flows through a paths of described shell type heat exchanger 12, and another part silicone oil 3 flows through described fin.Described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described plate heat exchanger 12.Two-way silicone oil is finally pooled to entrance 5 and flows in power brick.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, and all variations of doing under spirit of the present invention and change, within all should dropping on protection range of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. an electric automobile, it comprises power brick, it is characterized in that: described power brick comprises housing and is placed in a plurality of battery cells in described housing, in described housing, be perfused with insulating heat-conductive liquid, on housing, offer outlet and entrance, described insulating heat-conductive liquid can be by outlet via returning to entrance after external refrigeration device, between described outlet and entrance, be provided with for driving the pump of described insulating heat-conductive liquid flow, described external refrigeration device comprises two fluid paths, in a fluid path therein, flow through the cooling liquid for cooling insulating heat-conductive liquid, described insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through another fluid path.
2. electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described external refrigeration device comprises fin.
3. electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, described external refrigeration device comprises plate heat exchanger, described insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through described plate heat exchanger one paths, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described plate heat exchanger.
4. electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, described external refrigeration device comprises double pipe heat exchanger, described insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through described double pipe heat exchanger one paths, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described double pipe heat exchanger.
5. electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electric automobile also comprises air-conditioning, described external refrigeration device comprises tubular heat exchanger, described insulating heat-conductive liquid flows through described tubular heat exchanger one paths, and described air conditioner liquid coolant flows through another paths of described tubular heat exchanger.
6. electric automobile as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described fin is arranged on the top of described electric automobile.
7. electric automobile as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described electric automobile comprises air-conditioning, and described air-conditioner air outlet connects two-way wind path, and wherein a transportation work style road is connected with the compartment of electric automobile, and another transportation work style road blows to fin.
8. as the electric automobile as described in arbitrary in claim 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: described external refrigeration device also comprises fin, described insulating heat-conductive liquid also flows through described fin.
9. as the electric automobile as described in arbitrary in claim 3～5, it is characterized in that: described air-conditioning is by motor driven independently.
10. as the electric automobile as described in arbitrary in claim 3～5, it is characterized in that: described air-conditioning is driven by power brick.
11. electric automobiles as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: described air-conditioning is by motor driven independently.
12. electric automobiles as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: described air-conditioning is driven by power brick.
13. as the electric automobile as described in arbitrary in claim 1～7, it is characterized in that: described insulating heat-conductive liquid comprises any one in silicone oil or fire resistant oil.
14. electric automobiles as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: described insulating heat-conductive liquid comprises any one in silicone oil or fire resistant oil.
15. electric automobiles as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: described insulating heat-conductive liquid comprises any one in silicone oil or fire resistant oil.
16. electric automobiles as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that: described insulating heat-conductive liquid comprises any one in silicone oil or fire resistant oil.
17. electric automobiles as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that: described insulating heat-conductive liquid comprises any one in silicone oil or fire resistant oil.
18. electric automobiles as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that: described insulating heat-conductive liquid comprises any one in silicone oil or fire resistant oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210338322.8A CN103682511B (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210338322.8A CN103682511B (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Electric automobile |
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| CN103682511A true CN103682511A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN103682511B CN103682511B (en) | 2017-03-29 |
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| CN201210338322.8A Active CN103682511B (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Electric automobile |
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| CN106229581A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 简式国际汽车设计（北京）有限公司 | A kind of battery thermal management system and method |
| WO2017028033A1 (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-02-23 | 微宏动力系统（湖州）有限公司 | Battery |
| CN106505175A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-03-15 | 珠海华而美照明有限公司 | Electric vehicle battery system |
| WO2018054100A1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-29 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power battery pack |
| US20180191038A1 (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2018-07-05 | Microvast Power Systems Co., Ltd. | Battery pack and battery pack system |
| CN111081930A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-28 | 诚拓(洛阳)新能源科技有限公司 | Fireproof lithium ion battery module |
| CN111247688A (en) * | 2017-10-04 | 2020-06-05 | 劳斯莱斯德国有限两合公司 | Assembly of battery cells and aircraft having such an assembly |
| CN112563653A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-03-26 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Battery system |
| WO2022162237A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | Aston Martin Lagonda Limited | Battery assembly for a vehicle |
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| CN111081930A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-28 | 诚拓(洛阳)新能源科技有限公司 | Fireproof lithium ion battery module |
| WO2022162237A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | Aston Martin Lagonda Limited | Battery assembly for a vehicle |
| GB2603475A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-10 | Aston Martin Lagonda Ltd | Battery assembly for a vehicle |
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Address after: 313000 Huzhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang, Hung Fung Road, No. 2198 Applicant after: Microvast Power System (Huzhou) Co., Ltd. Address before: 313000 Zhejiang Province, Huzhou City Road No. 1555 sunny Industrial Science and Technology Park 1 Applicant before: Microvast Power System (Huzhou) Co., Ltd. |
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