CN103682400A - Vehicle fuel cell system - Google Patents

Vehicle fuel cell system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103682400A
CN103682400A CN201310238329.7A CN201310238329A CN103682400A CN 103682400 A CN103682400 A CN 103682400A CN 201310238329 A CN201310238329 A CN 201310238329A CN 103682400 A CN103682400 A CN 103682400A
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Prior art keywords
fuel cell
cell unit
moisture
cell system
cooling end
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CN201310238329.7A
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CN103682400B (en
Inventor
金正焄
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Hyundai Mobis Co Ltd
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Hyundai Mobis Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a vehicle fuel cell system; according to one aspect of the invention, the vehicle fuel cell system comprises an ejector and a fuel cell pack, and a recycle pipeline; the recycle pipeline can guide residual hydrogen and water discharged by the fuel cell pack to the ejector for recycling; the recycle pipeline comprises the following structures: a cooling portion configured on the recycle pipeline and used for cooling the residual hydrogen and water discharged by the fuel cell pack; and a water collector used for liquidizing and discharging the residual hydrogen and water passing the cooling portion, so the rest residual hydrogen and water can be supplied to the ejector.

Description

Vehicle fuel cell system
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle fuel cell system, more specifically, relate to a kind of can effectively adjusting to the vehicle fuel cell system of the amount of moisture of fuel cell unit circulation.
Background technology
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle just attracts tremendous attention as the future type vehicle of environmental protection.The fuel cell system using in hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can comprise: fuel cell unit, and its electrochemical reaction from reacting gas produces electric energy; Hydrogen supply, it is the hydrogen as fuel to fuel cell unit supply; Air supply system, it comprises the air as the oxygen of electrochemical reaction requisite oxygen agent to fuel cell unit supply; Heat and water management system, it makes to be discharged into outside as the heat of the electrochemical reaction accessory substance of fuel cell unit, and the operating temperature of fuel cell unit is controlled as best, carries out function of managing moisture.
Fig. 1 is the concept map that diagrammatically illustrates the principle of fuel cell unit.
As shown in Figure 1, in fuel cell unit, possess as the anode (anode) of anode performance function with as the negative electrode (cathode) of negative electrode performance function, at anode, supply hydrogen is as fuel, and at negative electrode, supply oxygen is as oxidant.In addition, dispose film (membrane) between anode and negative electrode, the hydrogen cation (H+) that anode generates moves to cathode electrode by film.
W-response in fuel cell unit, as shown in following chemical formula, is supplied after the hydrogen and oxygen reaction as oxidant as fuel generating electric energy, heat and moisture.
[chemical formula]
Figure BDA00003354717600011
Now, hydrogen cation, by the movement of film, is moved by suitable aquation actively at film, in this case, and because ion transport impedance is little, so performance and durability become outstanding.Therefore, the hydrogen of supply or oxidant, by humidification supply, make film can contain sufficient moisture.
Now, while causing unsaturated humidification state because moisture removal is not enough, film drying and make ion transport resistance become large, thus cause the mobile of hydroxyl ion to reduce, performance also reduces.In addition, became a shareholder and produced above-mentioned unsaturated situation, the damage that also can produce film.On the contrary, if excess moisture can produce supersaturation humidification, the now movement of the hydrogen in fuel cell unit or oxygen is obstructed, and causes catalyst damage etc., produces the problem that internal structure significantly declines.Therefore need to develop a kind of can adjusting aptly to the amount of moisture fuel cell unit of fuel cell unit supply.
Summary of the invention
(technical problem that will solve)
The present invention aims to provide a kind of can adjusting aptly to the vehicle fuel cell system of the amount of moisture of fuel cell unit supply.
(means of dealing with problems)
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of vehicle fuel cell system can be provided, possess injector and fuel cell unit, possess residual hydrogen and moisture that described fuel cell unit is discharged and guide to described injector, make to be supplied to again the recirculating line of described fuel cell unit, it comprises: cooling end, and it is disposed on described recirculating line, and residual hydrogen and moisture that described fuel cell unit is discharged are cooling; And water collecting part, it makes through the residual hydrogen of described cooling end and moisture part droplet treatment and discharges outside, and all the other are supplied to described injector.
Now, described cooling end can make described fuel cell unit discharge residual hydrogen and moisture are cooled to normal temperature.
In addition, described cooling end can comprise air-cooled type radiator.
In addition, described cooling end can comprise: heat exchanger, and it makes residual hydrogen that described fuel cell unit discharges and moisture and outer gas carry out heat exchange; The 1st air supply line, it is gas outside described heat exchanger guiding; And the 2nd air supply line, in its described the 1st air supply line, the air of heat exchange is supplied to described fuel cell unit.
Now, described cooling end can comprise: bypass conduit, and it,, from described the 1st air supply line branch, is connected to described the 2nd air supply line; And triple valve, it is provided to the breakout of described bypass conduit.
In addition, described cooling end can comprise: air cleaner, and it is provided to described the 1st air supply line; And air pump, it is provided to described the 2nd air supply line.
(effect of invention)
Residual hydrogen and moisture that the vehicle fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present invention is discharged fuel cell unit are cooled to both fixed temperatures, thereby can make the moisture trapping ability in water collecting part increase, and regulate aptly the amount of moisture that is recycled to fuel cell unit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the concept map that roughly illustrates the basic principle of fuel cell unit.
Fig. 2 is the concept map that shows the vehicle fuel cell system of the present invention the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the concept map that shows the vehicle fuel cell system of the present invention the 2nd embodiment.
(label declaration)
100: vehicle fuel cell system
110: injector 120: fuel cell unit
130: recirculating line 140: cooling end
150: water collecting part
200: vehicle fuel cell system
210: injector 220: fuel cell unit
230: recirculating line 240: cooling end
241: 242: the 1 air supply lines of heat exchanger
243: the 2 air supply lines 244: air cleaner
245: air pump 246: bypass conduit
247: triple valve 250: water collecting part
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the vehicle fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 2 is the concept map that shows the vehicle fuel cell system of the present invention the 1st embodiment.
As shown in Figure 2, the vehicle fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment can possess injector 110 and fuel cell unit 120.
Injector 110 can be to the hydrogen of fuel cell unit 120 supply low pressure.In addition, injector 110 is carried out while utilizing High Pressure Hydrogen to pass through nozzle (dwindling nozzle or dwindle-enlarged nozzle) because of the formed low pressure of hydrogen injection stream at a high speed, from the anode (anode) of fuel cell unit 120, sucks unreacted residual hydrogen and makes it the function of recirculation.Injector 110 as above is known in vehicle fuel cell system, thereby detailed.(as the relevant formerly patent of injector (ejector), No. 2009-0155641st, have U.S. Register patent No. 7320840, U.S.'s publication etc.)
Fuel cell unit 120 makes the hydrogen of injector 110 supplies react with the oxygen as oxidant, generating electric energy.The principle of fuel cell unit 120 generating electric energies has been described with reference to Fig. 1 above.In addition, fuel cell unit 120 is known in vehicle fuel cell system, therefore, omits the detailed description that inside is formed.
The running of brief description injector 110 as above and fuel cell unit 120 below, injector 110 obtains hydrogen supply from fuel supplies (not shown), regulates the pressure of the hydrogen that obtains supply, offers fuel cell unit 120.Now, in the hydrogen providing, comprise moisture at injector 110 to fuel cell unit 120, described moisture can be supplied by recirculating line 130 described later.Preferably, Fig. 1 description as described in reference, for the optimum efficiency of fuel cell unit 120, the relative humidity of the fuel gas (hydrogen and moisture) of supplying to fuel cell unit 120 by injector 110 can remain on 100%.
On the other hand, fuel cell unit 120 makes the hydrogen that obtains supply by injector 110 react with airborne oxygen, generating electric energy.Now, air and the oxygen to fuel cell unit 120 supplies can be served as by outer gas.
In addition, generally speaking, in fuel cell unit 120, supply hydrogen and the oxygen more than the interior reacting dose of fuel cell unit 120.That is, the hydrogen of supplying by injector 110 or from the oxygen part of outer gas supply for inducing reaction in fuel cell unit 120, generating electric energy, remaining residual hydrogen and oxygen are discharged to outside again.
More specifically, in fuel cell unit 120, for remaining oxygen after reacting (that is, air), be again discharged to outer gas, residual hydrogen is discharged from fuel cell unit 120 by recirculating line 130.Now, in fuel cell unit 120, because the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen generates moisture (H 2o), the moisture of generation is also together discharged by recirculating line 130 with residual hydrogen.
Recirculating line 130 is supplied to injector 110 again the moisture and the residual hydrogen that generate in fuel cell unit 120.Now, in fuel cell unit 120, by means of the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, generate constantly moisture, in system, remove essential moisture (that is while, supplying hydrogen from injector 110 to fuel cell unit 120, for regulating the moisture of relative humidity) outside, excessive moisture need to be discharged to outside.This be because, excess moisture in system, while there is supersaturation humidification, the efficiency of system will reduce (with reference to figure 1.
The vehicle fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment, for the moisture of recirculating line 130 as above regulates, can possess cooling end 140 and water collecting part 150.
Cooling end 140 is disposed on recirculating line 130, and residual hydrogen and the moisture of from fuel cell unit 120, discharging are cooled to set degree.Be discharged to the residual hydrogen of fuel cell unit 120 and the temperature that moisture can form 60～80 degree Celsius conventionally.Cooling end 140 can be cooled to normal temperature (being roughly 25 degree Celsius) residual hydrogen as above and moisture, promotes moisture aggegation.
As shown in Figure 2, cooling end 140 can comprise air-cooled type radiator 140.Air-cooled type radiator 140 as above can be usefully for realizing the minimized while in the difficulty that makes expense or manufacture, and residual hydrogen and moisture that fuel cell unit 120 is discharged are cooled to normal temperature degree.
On the other hand, the residual hydrogen of process cooling end 140 and moisture are through water collecting part 150, and moisture is partly removed.That is, water collecting part 150 makes residual hydrogen and the aggegation of a moisture part, realizes droplet treatment, by draining valve 151, is discharged to outside.On the other hand, water collecting part 150 is supplied to injector 110 again not discharging outside all the other hydrogen and moisture, in injector 110, it is supplied to fuel cell unit 120 again, makes to re-use in system.
As mentioned above, the moisture that the vehicle fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment circulates to recirculating line 130 by cooling end 140 and water collecting part 150 by removal in set degree, thus can regulate aptly the amount of moisture that is supplied to fuel cell unit 120.The vehicle fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment particularly, in cooling end 140, make residual hydrogen and moisture be cooled to normal temperature, offer water collecting part 150, thereby can increase the aggegation efficiency in water collecting part 150, the supersaturation humidification state causing etc. can be prevented trouble before it happens because moisture removal is not enough.
Fig. 3 is the concept map that shows the vehicle fuel cell system of the present invention the 2nd embodiment.
For the facility of explanation, in this present embodiment, for the formation corresponding with aforesaid the 1st embodiment, give corresponding reference numeral, omit repeat specification.
As shown in Figure 3, the vehicle fuel cell system 200 of the present embodiment can comprise injector 210, fuel cell unit 220, recirculating line 230 and water collecting part 250.Described injector 210, fuel cell unit 220, recirculating line 230 and water collecting part 250 are corresponding to injector 110, fuel cell unit 120, recirculating line 130 and the water collecting part 150 of aforesaid the 1st embodiment, similar with aforesaid content, thereby detailed.
On the other hand, the vehicle fuel cell system 200 of the present embodiment can possess cooling end 240.Residual hydrogen and moisture that cooling end 240 is discharged fuel cell unit 220 are cooling.Now, the cooling end 240 of the present embodiment makes to be supplied to an air part for fuel cell unit 220 roundabout, for cooling.
More specifically, the cooling end 240 of the present embodiment can possess heat exchanger 241, the 1st air supply line the 242, the 2nd air supply line 243.
Heat exchanger 241 is by the heat exchange with outer gas, and residual hydrogen and moisture that fuel cell unit 220 is discharged are cooling.Now, the outer gas for heat exchange can offer heat exchanger 241 by the 1st air supply line 242.In addition, as required, can on the 1st air supply line 242, install additional for filtering the air cleaner 244 of foreign matter.
On the other hand, the air of heat exchange in heat exchanger 241 (outer gas), can be supplied to fuel cell unit 220 by the 2nd air supply line 243, as the source of supply at the required oxygen of the interior reaction of fuel cell unit 220.Now, as required, can on the 2nd air supply line 243, be equipped with air pump 245, so that as the suction of air or supply required drive source.
In addition, in cooling end 240, for regulating the air capacity of heat exchange, can possess and have bypass conduit 246 and triple valve 247.Bypass conduit 246 can be connected to the 2nd air supply line 243 from the 1st air supply line 242 branches, and triple valve 247 can be provided to the breakout of bypass conduit 246 as above.In situation as above, the switching amount of regulating three-way valve 247, regulates the air capacity of heat exchanger 241 supplies, thereby makes it possible to easily control the cooling degree in heat exchanger 241.
As above description, the vehicle fuel cell system 200 of the present embodiment is by the refrigerating function of cooling end 240, not only can make aggegation or the increase of moisture trapping effect in water collecting part 250, and can have both to the function of fuel cell unit 220 supply air, thereby can realize simplification and the densification structure of system.
Above embodiments of the invention are illustrated, but so long as person of ordinary skill in the field, all can be in the scope of thought of the present invention that does not exceed claims record, adding, change, deleting or appending etc. by means of inscape, diversely modifications and changes the present invention, this is also contained in interest field of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a vehicle fuel cell system, it possesses injector and fuel cell unit, possesses residual hydrogen and moisture that described fuel cell unit is discharged and guides to described injector, makes to be supplied to the recirculating line of described fuel cell unit again,
Described vehicle fuel cell system also comprises:
Cooling end, it is disposed on described recirculating line, and residual hydrogen and moisture that described fuel cell unit is discharged are cooling; And
Water collecting part, it makes through the residual hydrogen of described cooling end and moisture part droplet treatment and discharges outside, and all the other are supplied to described injector.
2. vehicle fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Residual hydrogen and moisture that described cooling end is discharged described fuel cell unit are cooled to normal temperature.
3. vehicle fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described cooling end comprises air-cooled type radiator.
4. vehicle fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described cooling end comprises:
Heat exchanger, it makes residual hydrogen that described fuel cell unit discharges and moisture and outer gas carry out heat exchange;
The 1st air supply line, it is gas outside described heat exchanger guiding; And
The 2nd air supply line, in its described the 1st air supply line, the air of heat exchange is supplied to described fuel cell unit.
5. vehicle fuel cell system according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described cooling end comprises:
Bypass conduit, it,, from described the 1st air supply line branch, is connected to described the 2nd air supply line; And
Triple valve, it is provided to the breakout of described bypass conduit.
6. vehicle fuel cell system according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described cooling end comprises:
Air cleaner, it is provided to described the 1st air supply line; And
Air pump, it is provided to described the 2nd air supply line.
CN201310238329.7A 2012-09-06 2013-06-17 Vehicle fuel cell system Active CN103682400B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2012-0098573 2012-09-06
KR1020120098573A KR101940324B1 (en) 2012-09-06 2012-09-06 Fuel cell system for vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103682400A true CN103682400A (en) 2014-03-26
CN103682400B CN103682400B (en) 2016-11-30

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11214021A (en) * 1998-01-27 1999-08-06 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Solid electrolyte type fuel cell power generating apparatus
US20060177713A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2006-08-10 Nobuyasu Tajima Fuel cell
US20100297518A1 (en) * 2009-05-25 2010-11-25 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system
WO2012070367A1 (en) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-31 日産自動車株式会社 Fuel cell system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11214021A (en) * 1998-01-27 1999-08-06 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Solid electrolyte type fuel cell power generating apparatus
US20060177713A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2006-08-10 Nobuyasu Tajima Fuel cell
US20100297518A1 (en) * 2009-05-25 2010-11-25 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system
WO2012070367A1 (en) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-31 日産自動車株式会社 Fuel cell system

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