CN103675941A - Method for obtaining three-dimension shape distribution of sand body of complex reservoir - Google Patents
Method for obtaining three-dimension shape distribution of sand body of complex reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is a method for obtaining the three-dimension shape distribution of a sand body of a complex reservoir in the field of oil reservoirs. The method comprises the following steps: equally dividing a reservoir upward or downward along the top surface, the bottom surface and the reservoir sedimentary isochronal interface of the reservoir to obtain a plurality of equant horizons according to fine horizon calibration and based on well seismic joint reservoir tectonic and sedimentary isochronal horizons; extracting interlayer sand body attributes of three-dimension reservoir sand body data; combining sand bodies reflected by multiple layers of sand body attributes based on the relationship between pickup of each layer of sand body attributes and communication of vertical sand bodies; picking up the top surface and the bottom surface of a combined sand body; and subtracting the bottom surface from the top surface of the sand body to obtain the thickness of the sand body and the three-dimension shape distribution of the sand body of the complex reservoir. Three-dimension space identification can be carried out rapidly and accurately, sand body space distribution shape and position of a complex reservoir can be effectively predicted, and a sand body of a complex reservoir can be quantitatively and semi-quantitatively described effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reservoir geophysics exploration hydrocarbon-bearing pool reservoir prediction technique, a kind of method that specifically sand body three-dimensional configuration that obtains complicated reservoirs distributes.
Background technology
From well logging information, not only can observe the information on subsequence stratum, also can obtain the formation information thinner than subsequence simultaneously.By down-hole imaging logging, can also obtain other information of texture stages, obviously, well logging information can provide the abundant microscopic information for reservoir study.And geological data is considered to only can observe sequence or other information of subsequence group level conventionally, because seismic resolution ratio well logging resolution is far short of what is expected, it is difficult to meet the identification problem of lithosomic body in subsequence group.Therefore,, if applying three-dimensional geological data carries out the identification of lithosomic body in subsequence group, first just need to solve the effective problem of calibrating between well logging and geological data.
Utilize earthquake information to carry out the identification of lithosomic body in subsequence group, geological interface and the seismic reflector corresponding with it in the time of first must setting up a grade relevant to this subsequence group.Reach the clouds (2004) well based on normative reference layer and the method for the demarcation between geological data have been proposed.The condition of definition normative reference layer is: (1) has continuous reflection line-ups in study area; (2) on the basis that normative reference layer and well information are demarcated, well information and geological information can be extended on whole research space along earthquake information effectively, problem when having overcome the stratum causing due to seismic data resolution deficiency simultaneously and wearing.According to the essential condition that meets a sedimentary cycle between normative reference layer and Study In Reservoir, the top and bottom of subsequence group is necessary corresponding above geology, well logging and earthquake normative reference layer just, otherwise cannot give the identification that 3D seismic data carries out lithosomic body in subsequence group.After when top, end structure etc., interface is determined, sedimentation interface when the further sequence group of application seismic sequence interpre(ta)tive system inside story obtains waiting of outbalance, by the contrast with seismic section lineups feature, well logging layer position, optimize and adjustment screen work while finally obtaining the reservoir deposition etc. of sequence group inside story.In the special parameter certain limit of specific oil field, can be used as the sand body with the ability of preserving, using this standard as threshold value, can directly obtain preserving the distribution of sand body.
The fluvial facies that Zhu Guijuan etc. (2009) have proposed the technology of portraying based on Optimum Time Window preserve sand body recognition methods, the method be amplitude attribute based on geological data or frequency attribute by regulate transparency to Optimum Time Window daughter have an X-rayed, thereby the sand body that perspective is obtained carries out top, the bottom surface that automatic tracing obtains sand body.It is other sand body of subsequence group level that the method is applicable to that larger sand body picks up, because be automatic tracing, to thin mutual reservoir and stacked sand body, cannot distinguish simultaneously.Wu Jian etc. (2009) are combined with seismic inversion and are predicted oil-containing single sand body with three-dimensional geological modeling, only utilize perspective technology in three-dimensional visualization to obtain three dimensions spread form and the distribution characteristics of sand body, realized the qualitative description of sand body, the top of sand body, bottom surface and thickness etc. have not been realized to quantification.
Goal of the invention
The object of the invention be to provide a kind of accurately, the method that distributes of the sand body three-dimensional configuration of the acquisition complicated reservoirs of quantitative description.
Summary of the invention
The concrete implementation step of the present invention is as follows:
1) gather wide-azimuth seismological observation data, target reservoir application post-stack seismic data is carried out to horizon picking, more static modeling data such as the three-dimensional reservoir that utilizes well logging information, spatial interpolation methods and sand body threshold value to obtain under screen work constraint when structure and deposition etc.
2) according to detailed level position calibration result, when the well of take shake associating reservoir structure and deposition etc., layer position is basis, and along the top of reservoir, when the end (construct etc. time interface) and reservoir deposition etc., interface decile up or down, obtains a plurality of hierarchical position.
When the end face that step 2) described hierarchical position is reservoir, reservoir deposition etc. between interface and bottom surface by the layer position of thickness decile.
3) extract the interlayer sand body attribute of three-dimensional reservoir sand body data.
Step 3) described interlayer sand body attribute is the average reflection intensity amplitude attribute of three-dimensional static modeling data between hierarchical position.
4) based on above every one deck sand body attribute pick up and vertical sand body between connective relation, the sand body that multilayer sand body attribute is reflected merges.
Step 4) described sand body merging is that the sand body of continuous a plurality of interlayer sand body attributes reflections is merged according to the vertical connectedness of sand body.
5) pick up end face and the bottom surface that merges rear sand body.
6) with three dimensions section and sand body, pick up result contrast, determine rational sand body space distribution.
7) sand body end face and bottom surface are subtracted each other to the thickness that obtains sand body, the sand body three-dimensional configuration that simultaneously obtains complicated reservoirs distributes.
The present invention proposes and has adopted the sand body pickup technology based on the static modeling data of three-dimensional reservoir first, the sand body attribute being obtained by the static modeling data of three-dimensional reservoir is higher to the recognition capability of thin mutual sand body and stacked sand body, therefore studies the sand body attribute of the static modeling data of final choice three-dimensional reservoir.
The present invention proposes a kind of sand body three-dimensional configuration of the acquisition complicated reservoirs based on the static modeling data of three-dimensional reservoir and the method for distribution characteristics, this technology can be carried out three dimensions identification fast and accurately to complicated reservoirs sand body.Interface extraction hierarchical position during first along top, the end and reservoir deposition of reservoir etc., extract the interlayer sand body attribute of the static modeling data of three-dimensional reservoir, then according to relation connective between continuous multilayer sand body attribute and vertical sand body, the sand body of a plurality of sand body attribute reflections is merged, finally pick up end face and the bottom surface of sand body, calculate the thickness of sand body, realize the quantitative description of sand body.
The present invention can predict sand body space distribution form and the position of complicated reservoirs effectively, can effectively to the sand body of complicated reservoirs, carry out the description of quantitative and semi-quantitative, is a kind of effective tool of pool description and prediction.
In a word, adopt the technology of the present invention can meet the needs of complicated reservoirs identification and research, the suggestion well success ratio that result provides according to the present invention and the accuracy rate of petroleum-gas prediction obviously improve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 (a) is seismic cross-section, is (b) the static modeling data sectional view of reservoir.
Fig. 2 is seismic properties extracting mode schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is sand body attribute planimetric map, is (a) to be positioned at 11th layer sand body attribute; (b) be the 13rd layer of sand body attribute; (c) be the 15th layer by layer between sand body attribute.
Fig. 4 is the corresponding relation figure of three-dimensional static modeling data and sand body attribute on space, is (a) sand body attribute and the sectional view that 11th layer is positioned at sand body bottom; (b) be the 13rd layer of sand body attribute and sectional view that is positioned at sand body middle part; (c) be the 15th layer of sand body attribute and sectional view that is positioned at sand body top.
Fig. 5 sand body merges figure.
Fig. 6, for certain sand body picks up the spatial correspondence figure of result and section, is (a) sand body that picks up out and the section corresponding diagram far away of crossing sand body; (b) be the sand body that picks up out and the midship section corresponding diagram of crossing sand body; (c) be the sand body that picks up out and the nearly section corresponding diagram of crossing sand body.
Fig. 7 sand thickness figure.
Specific embodiments
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention in detail.
The invention provides following a kind of sand body pick-up method based on the static modeling data of three-dimensional reservoir, specifically comprise following steps:
1) based on wide-azimuth seismological observation data, target reservoir application post-stack seismic data is carried out to horizon picking, more static modeling data such as the three-dimensional reservoir that utilizes well logging information, spatial interpolation methods and sand body threshold value to obtain under screen work constraint when structure and deposition etc.
2) according to detailed level position calibration result, when the well of take shake associating reservoir structure and deposition etc., layer position is basis, and along the top of reservoir, when the end (construct etc. time interface) and reservoir deposition etc., interface decile up or down, obtains a plurality of hierarchical position.
Actual to carry out the reservoir interval thickness that sand body picks up be 65.2-37.7m, average out to 43.5m.Sand body average thickness mainly distributes between 0.6～1.2m and 1.2～1.8m, and sandbody width is at 300～600m, and length is 300～900m.Objective interval is carried out to 40 deciles, and it is thick that every one deck is about 1.0-1.5m.
3) extract the interlayer sand body attribute of three-dimensional reservoir sand body data, because every a layer thickness is very little, so the reflection of the sand body attribute of every one deck may be the segment space feature of sand body.
Fig. 3 is sand body attribute slice plane figure.As can be seen from Figure 3, sand body distributes and has certain rule, and 11th layer sand body distribution area is less, and river course flows to unclear, is approximately southwest-northeast; And the 13rd layer and the 15th layer of sand body spatially increase, Liu Zi northwest-southeast, river course, and interim is more than 1 river course, sandstone equals or is slightly less than mud stone.
4) based on above every one deck sand body attribute pick up and vertical sand body between connective relation, the sand body that multilayer sand body attribute is reflected merges.This step realizes by three-dimension visible sysem, i.e. simultaneously display plane sand body attribute and three-dimensional static modeling data, and what obtain which plane sand body attribute reflection is same sand body, needs to merge.
Fig. 4 is the corresponding relation figure of three-dimensional static modeling data and sand body attribute on space, therefrom can visually see, the sand body attribute section that layer provides is here the same sand body in reflection space, at the bottom of 11th layer section sand body attribute is sand body, and the 13rd layer of sand body attribute section is the continuous reflection in the vertical and space of this sand body, the 15th layer is the top of this sand body.The result of the 11st to 15 sand body sections can be picked up as a sand body.Fig. 5 be should which floor attribute merging figure.
5) on this basis, pick up end face and the bottom surface that merges rear sand body.Because top, bottom surface more or less can switch to adjacent sand body, therefore redundance manual intervention can be removed, result is picked up in the merging that finally provides sand body.This step mainly utilizes traditional interpre(ta)tive system to complete.
6) with three dimensions section and sand body, pick up result contrast, determine rational sand body space distribution.
Fig. 6 is the spatial correspondence figure that a certain sand body picks up result and section.Spatial evolution by section can check picking up result whether wear sand body in the degree of depth and plane of sand body.
7) sand body end face and bottom surface are subtracted each other to the thickness that obtains sand body, the sand body three-dimensional configuration that simultaneously obtains complicated reservoirs distributes.
Fig. 7 sand body is mainly distributed in experiment well group middle part, and sand thickness is mainly 2-3m, is mainly northwest (NW)-east southeast to zonal arrangement, and thing source is mainly from western part and the northwestward.
Claims (4)
1. obtain a method for the sand body three-dimensional configuration distribution of complicated reservoirs, feature is to adopt following steps to realize:
1) gather wide-azimuth seismological observation data, target reservoir application post-stack seismic data is carried out to horizon picking, more static modeling data such as the three-dimensional reservoir that utilizes well logging information, spatial interpolation methods and sand body threshold value to obtain under screen work constraint when structure and deposition etc.;
2) according to detailed level position calibration result, when the well of take shake associating reservoir structure and deposition etc., layer position is basic, and during along top, the end and the reservoir deposition of reservoir etc., interface decile up or down, obtains a plurality of hierarchical position;
3) extract the interlayer sand body attribute of three-dimensional reservoir sand body data;
4) based on above every one deck sand body attribute pick up and vertical sand body between connective relation, the sand body that multilayer sand body attribute is reflected merges;
5) pick up end face and the bottom surface that merges rear sand body;
6) with three dimensions section and sand body, pick up result contrast, determine rational sand body space distribution;
7) sand body end face and bottom surface are subtracted each other to the thickness that obtains sand body, the sand body three-dimensional configuration that simultaneously obtains complicated reservoirs distributes.
2. according to the method for claim 1, feature is step 2) when the described hierarchical position end face that is reservoir, reservoir deposition etc. between interface and bottom surface by the layer position of thickness decile.
3. according to the method for claim 1, feature is step 3) described interlayer sand body attribute is the average reflection intensity amplitude attribute of three-dimensional static modeling data between hierarchical position.
4. according to the method for claim 1, feature is step 4) described sand body merges is that sand body by continuous a plurality of interlayer sand body attributes reflections merges according to the vertical connectedness of sand body.
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| CN104316957A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Identification method of denudation plane valley oil reservoir |
| CN104375177A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-02-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for identifying reservoir top face through inversion data body |
| CN105093303A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Fluvial facies sand body discontinuous boundary fine characterization seismic interpretation method |
| CN105242318A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for determining a communicating relation of sand bodies |
| CN105676284A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-15 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Position and form determining method for deep fan delta |
| CN106226841A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of fluvial facies three-dimensional sedimentary facies model Decided modelling method |
| CN107884823A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-06 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | The method for drafting and device of sand body connected graph |
| CN107991716A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The deposition phasor of thin layer and the definite method and apparatus for depositing body thickness |
| CN105243463B (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2019-01-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Channel sand oil bearing evaluation method |
| CN109324354A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and system of determining sand body connectivity |
| CN112255673A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand body top interface automatic tracking method based on seismic inversion |
| CN111752940B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-06-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand body communication relation data acquisition method and device |
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| CN105243463B (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2019-01-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Channel sand oil bearing evaluation method |
| CN104316957A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Identification method of denudation plane valley oil reservoir |
| CN104316957B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Identification method of denudation plane valley oil reservoir |
| CN104375177A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-02-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for identifying reservoir top face through inversion data body |
| CN105093303B (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-10-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of seismic interpretation method that discontinuous boundary line of fluvial sandstone is finely characterized |
| CN105093303A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Fluvial facies sand body discontinuous boundary fine characterization seismic interpretation method |
| CN105242318A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for determining a communicating relation of sand bodies |
| CN105242318B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device for determining sand body connected relation |
| CN105676284A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-15 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Position and form determining method for deep fan delta |
| CN106226841A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of fluvial facies three-dimensional sedimentary facies model Decided modelling method |
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| CN107991716B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The deposition phasor of thin layer and the determination method and apparatus for depositing body thickness |
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| CN112255673B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand body top interface automatic tracking method based on seismic inversion |
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