CN103675401B - Current distributing sampling apparatus and method - Google Patents
Current distributing sampling apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103675401B CN103675401B CN201210350843.5A CN201210350843A CN103675401B CN 103675401 B CN103675401 B CN 103675401B CN 201210350843 A CN201210350843 A CN 201210350843A CN 103675401 B CN103675401 B CN 103675401B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of current distributing sampling apparatus.This device includes the first inductance, is coiled into by the first multiply circuit, and the first multiply circuit is N1+ N2Stock;Second inductance, including the first winding, by N in the first multiply circuit2Stock be routed through second inductance magnetic core center and the first multiply circuit in N1Strand road is reversely coiled into, N in the first multiply circuit2The number of turn on strand road is equal to N1, N in the first multiply circuit1The number of turn on strand road is equal to N2, wherein N1、N2For positive integer;And current sensor, it is arranged in suitable for measurement by N in the first multiply circuit1The electric current on strand road.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current distributing sampling apparatus, especially a kind of separating flow sampling device for being related to high frequency electric.
Background technology
It is frequently necessary to be monitored the electric current for flowing through inductance or reactor in the power-supply devices such as UPS, frequency converter, with reality
The functions such as the closed-loop control and overcurrent protection of existing electric current loop.But it is current sensor due to larger in large-power occasions electric current
Type selecting and cost control bring puzzlement.Current practices well is shunted using the multiply circuit winding of inductance itself,
Then the electric current for detecting wherein one circuit counter pushes away total current size.The cost and detection that current detecting can so be reduced fill
The volume put.
But find in actual applications, flow through inductor winding high frequency electric be not as DC current or low-frequency current that
Sample is matched somebody with somebody according to number of share of stock score.This phenomenon brings certain error for detection, and test value may be caused bigger than normal or less than normal, this
Error is that control system and Over Current Protection System cause to perplex.The analysis found that, this mainly as caused by the leakage inductance of winding,
And leakage inductance and its winding structure, technique and magnetic core have certain relation, its consistency and bad control in practice.
Fig. 1 a are an examples of current distributing sampling apparatus of the prior art.The current distributing sampling apparatus includes one
Individual power inductance, the power inductance include magnetic core and the winding around n+1 stock railway superstructures thereon.In order to relatively easily measure
By the high current on the power inductance, the imagination of prior art is to pass through the n+1 with less current sensor measurement
The electric current I of sub-thread circuit in strand road2, the electric current I by n strands road in the n+1 strands road is then deduced accordingly1For I2N
Times, finally obtain by the electric current I on the power inductance0For I2's(1+n)Times.
However, due to the influence of leakage inductance and vortex, the above is contemplated always not real.The electric current that Fig. 1 b are corresponded in Fig. 1 a point
The circuit diagram of sampling apparatus is flowed, shunting mechanism according to inductance can export:
Wherein:
I2It is by the current value of the sub-thread circuit, that is, the current value that current sensor measures;
I0It is by the current value on the power inductance, that is, passes through the high current to be measured on the power inductance
Value;
Z1For the total impedance on the n strands road, Z2For the total impedance on the sub-thread circuit;
R1It is the summation of D.C. resistance on the n strands road and AC resistance, R2It is the direct current on the sub-thread circuit
Resistance and the summation of AC resistance, and
ω is angular frequency, and ω=2 π f, f are the frequencies by the electric current on the power inductance;With
Lk1It is leakage inductance of the power inductance on the n strands road, Lk2It is the power inductance in the sub-thread circuit
On leakage inductance.
In the occasion of low-frequency current, due to the DC impedance R on winding1,R2J ω L anti-much larger than leakage inductancek1,jω·
Lk2, so allocation proportion of the low-frequency current in the sub-thread circuit on winding depend primarily on it is straight on the sub-thread circuit
The ratio between D.C. resistance on leakage resistance and the n strands road.That is, when ω is smaller, following formula is with regard to energy
More represent I closer to reality2With I0Between relation:
It can be seen that in the occasion of low-frequency current, ignore leakage inductance and think I0For I2's(1+n)It is acceptable again.But
It is, in the occasion of high frequency electric, due to the anti-j ω L of leakage inductancek1,jω·Lk2Account for total impedance Z1,Z2Proportion it is more and more big, then add
The influence of upper high-frequency vortex so that high frequency electric distribution is more and more big with the gap of number of share of stock ratio.Although the D.C. resistance of winding
It can survey and controllable, but it is difficult test and control that leakage inductance and vortex, which are,.Therefore, at least in the occasion of high frequency electric,
Prior art is awkward in face of the demand of actual ratio shunting.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that when overcoming for high current progress sample metrics, sampled especially for high frequency high current
When, the technical problem according to the accurate separating flow sampling of number of share of stock ratio is difficult to by the electric current on each strand road on inductance device.To solve
This technical problem, the present invention provide a kind of current distributing sampling apparatus.This device includes the first inductance, by the first multiply circuit around
Into the first multiply circuit is N1+ N2Stock.This device also includes the second inductance, including the first winding, by first multiply
N in circuit2Stock be routed through second inductance magnetic core center and the first multiply circuit in N1Strand road reversely around
Into N in the first multiply circuit2The number of turn on strand road is equal to N1, N in the first multiply circuit1The number of turn on strand road is equal to
N2, wherein N1、N2For positive integer.This device also includes current sensor, is arranged in suitable for measurement by the first multiply circuit
Middle N1The electric current on strand road.
The present invention also provides a kind of side for estimating the electric current by the first inductance described in aforementioned currents separating flow sampling device
Method, methods described include two steps.First, pass through via the current sensor measurement first described in second inductance
N in multiply circuit1The electric current on strand road.Then, calculate by the approximation of the electric current of first inductance as by described the
N in first multiply circuit described in two inductance1The electric current on strand roadTimes.
As a modification of the present invention, N in the first multiply circuit in aforementioned means2The number of share of stock on strand road is more than or waited
The N in the first multiply circuit1The number of share of stock on strand road.Another as the present invention is improved, the N in aforementioned means1=1。
For foregoing N1=1 situation, the present invention provide a kind of electric current estimated by the first inductance described in aforementioned means
Method, methods described includes two steps.First, pass through via the current sensor measurement described in second inductance
The electric current of one circuit in first multiply circuit.Secondly, the approximation by the electric current of first inductance is calculated to pass through
State the electric current i of one circuit in the first multiply circuit described in the second inductance2's(1+N2)Times.
In addition to the current distributing sampling apparatus of previous constructions, the present invention also provides the current distributing sampling of second of construction
Device.The current distributing sampling apparatus of second of construction is in institute on the basis of the current distributing sampling apparatus of the first construction
State and the second winding is added in the second inductance, be coiled into by the second multiply circuit on the magnetic core of second inductance.
For the current distributing sampling apparatus of second of construction, the present invention also provides a kind of measurement and passes through first inductance
Electric current method.In the current distributing sampling apparatus of second of construction, second winding is by the second multiply circuit with N3
Circle is coiled into, N3For positive integer, methods described includes three steps.First, described is passed through via the current sensor measurement
N in first multiply circuit described in two inductance1The electric current on strand road, obtains I2.Secondly, the resistance on second winding is obtained
Value R and magnitude of voltage V, obtains I3=V/R.Finally, calculate by the electric current of first inductance and be:
As a modification of the present invention, N in the first multiply circuit in the current distributing sampling apparatus of second of construction2
The number of share of stock on strand road is more than or equal to N in the first multiply circuit1The number of share of stock on strand road.Another as the present invention changes
Enter, the N in aforementioned means1=1。
For foregoing N1=1 situation, the present invention provide a kind of estimate and sampled by foregoing second current distributing constructed
The method of the electric current of first inductance described in device.In aforementioned means, second winding is by the second multiply circuit with N3Circle
It is coiled into, N3For positive integer.Methods described includes three steps.First, described second is passed through via the current sensor measurement
Described in inductance in the first multiply circuit one circuit electric current, obtain I2.Secondly, the resistance value on second winding is obtained
R and magnitude of voltage V, obtains I3=V/R.Finally, calculate by the electric current of first inductance and be:I2·(1+N2)-I3·N3。
As a modification of the present invention, in the current distributing sampling apparatus of foregoing two kinds of structures, second inductance
Magnetic core relative permeability be not less than 100.As another improvement of the present invention, the current distributing sampling of foregoing two kinds of structures
The magnetic core of second inductance described in device is closing magnetic core.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are the schematic diagrames of one embodiment of current shunting device of the prior art.
Fig. 1 b are the circuit diagrams of the embodiment in Fig. 1 a.
Fig. 2 a are the schematic diagrames of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 2 b are the circuit diagrams of the embodiment in Fig. 2 a.
Fig. 3 a are the schematic diagrames of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 3 b are the circuit diagrams of the embodiment in Fig. 3 a.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is entered
One step describes in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to limit this hair only to explain the present invention
It is bright.
With automatic ampere-turn equilibrium technology, one embodiment of the present of invention provides a kind of current distributing as shown in Figure 2 a and adopted
Sampling device 20.Current distributing sampling apparatus 20 in this embodiment includes the first inductance 21, is coiled into by the first multiply circuit 22, institute
It is N to state the first multiply circuit 221+ N2Stock, wherein N1、N2For positive integer.This embodiment also includes the second inductance 23.Described second
Inductance 23 includes the first winding 24, by N in the first multiply circuit 222Strand road 25 passes through the magnetic core 26 of second inductance
Center and the first multiply circuit 22 in N1Strand road 27 is reversely coiled into, N in the first multiply circuit 222Strand road 25
The number of turn be equal to N1, N in the first multiply circuit 221The number of turn on strand road 27 is equal to N2, wherein N1、N2For positive integer.It is described
N in first winding 241+ N2Strand road, including it is wrapped in N in the first multiply circuit 22 of the magnetic core 262Strand road
25 and reverse-winding N in the first multiply circuit 22 of same magnetic core 261Strand road 27, per share line footpath all should be identical.This
Embodiment also includes current sensor 28, is arranged in suitable for measurement by N in the first multiply circuit 221Strand road 27
Electric current.In this embodiment, it is electric current to be measured by the total current of the first multiply circuit 22 on first inductance 21.Still
Fig. 2 a are seen, the first multiply circuit 22 wound on first inductance 21 is N1+ N2Strand road, first multi cord
Road 22 branches into two strands after leaving the magnetic core 29 of first inductance and is wrapped in a phase of magnetic core 29 with first inductance
Second inductance 23 is formed on another different magnetic core 26.On second inductance 23, in the first multiply circuit 22
N2Strand road 25 is with N1N of the circle also in the magnetic core 26 of second inductance, the first multiply circuit 221Strand road 27 with
N2Magnetic core 26 of the circle around second inductance.The N2The strand road 25 and N1Strand road 27 is wound in institute in the opposite direction
State on the magnetic core 26 of the second inductance.In theory, although the N1Strand road 27 and the N2Strand road 25 not necessarily must be anti-
Around could shunt, but second inductance 23 must configure bigger magnetic core 26 and can be only achieved purpose if not rewinding, and put into practice
It is upper and unrealistic.In the present embodiment, if the N2Strand road 25 twines punching is by ecto-entad again above the magnetic core 26
Around, then the N1Strand road 27 should since the lower section punching of magnetic core 26 by again from inside to outside winding with the N2Strand road 25
Form back-roll relation;If the conversely, N1Strand road 27 is wound punching is by ecto-entad again above the magnetic core 26, then
The N2Strand road 25 should since the lower section punching of magnetic core 26 by again from inside to outside winding with the N1Strand road 27 forms back-roll
Relation.Current sensor 28 in the present embodiment can be any one known to skilled person, such as Hall current sensing
Device.Current sensor 28 need not be arrested in the position shown in Fig. 2 a, as long as can ensure that its reading is by the N1Strand road 27
Electric current.
Fig. 2 b are the circuit diagrams of the current distributing sampling apparatus 20 in previous embodiment.It can be led according to ampere-turn equilibrium principle
Go out in previous embodiment by the N1Electric current i in strand road 271With passing through the N2Electric current i in strand road 252Ratio
For:
Wherein:
i1It is by the N1Current value in strand road 27;
i2It is by foregoing N2Current value in strand road 25, that is, the current value that the current sensor 28 measures;
R1It is the N1The summation of D.C. resistance and AC resistance on strand road 27;R2It is the N2It is straight on circuit 25
The summation of leakage resistance and AC resistance;
ω is angular frequency, and ω=2 π f, f are the frequencies by the electric current on the current distributing sampling apparatus 20;
Lk1It is first inductance 21 in the N1Leakage inductance on strand road 27, Lk2It is first inductance 21 in the N2
Leakage inductance on circuit 25;
LcsIt is circuit induction reactance caused by current sensor 28;
LjIt is the inductance value of second inductance 23;
N1It is the N2The number of turn on strand road 25, N2It is the N1The number of turn on strand road 27.
Observe previous equations to understand, as the inductance value L of second inductance 23jCompare LK1And LK2Value it is big the more when, it is following
Equation just more can express i closer to reality1And i2Ratio:
Brought forward, in order that the inductance value L of second inductance 23jIt is sufficiently large for the leakage inductance of first inductance 21
So that leakage inductance can be neglected, the magnetic core 26 of second inductance should use high μ materials magnetic core.In the implementation of the present invention
In example, the relative permeability of the magnetic core 26 of second inductance is not less than 100.
Brought forward, whenAcceptably during closer to reality, this equation can be used as estimation to be adopted by aforementioned currents shunting
The basis of the method for the electric current of first inductance 21 described in sampling device 20.In one embodiment of the method for the present invention
In, pass through the electric current (i of the first inductance 21 described in aforementioned currents separating flow sampling device 201+i2) can be estimated according to following steps:It is first
First, N in the first multiply circuit 22 described in second inductance 23 is passed through via the current sensor measurement 281Strand road 27
Current value i2;Obtain i2It is i that can calculate afterwards by the approximation of the electric current of first inductance 212'sTimes.
In order to be measured using the current sensor 28 of small amount journey by N in the first multiply circuit 221Strand
The electric current on road 27 is to reduce measurement cost, according to one embodiment of present invention, in the current distributing sampling apparatus 20 in Fig. 2 a
The first multiply circuit 22 in N2The number of share of stock on strand road 25 is more than or equal to N in the first multiply circuit 221The stock on strand road 27
Number.In other words, in this embodiment, N in the first multiply circuit 222The number of turn N on strand road 251Less than or equal to institute
State N in the first multiply circuit 221The number of turn N on strand road 272.In the present embodiment, because by logical measured by current sensor 28
Cross the N1The current value on strand road 27 is certainly less than or equal to passing through the N2The current value on strand road 25, the current distributing
As long as the configuration of sampling apparatus 20 is suitable to measure can estimating by described the to current sensor 28 mostly for electric current to be measured
The larger current of one inductance 21.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the first multiply circuit 22 in the current distributing sampling apparatus 20 in Fig. 2 a
For (1+N2) stock.That is, the N in the first multiply circuit 222Strand road 25 by second inductance 23 magnetic core 26
One side punching passes through the another side of magnetic core 26 of the sub-thread circuit 27 from second inductance 23 in the first multiply circuit 22
Punching is after with again with N2Magnetic core 26 of the circle around second inductance 23.In this embodiment, because the electric current passes
What sensor 28 measured is by the electric current of the sub-thread circuit 27, and the current distributing sampling apparatus 20 in the present invention that maximized is not
Need the advantage of the current sensor 28 of wide range.
In previous embodiment, the first multiply circuit 22 is(1+N2)Stock.One implementation of the method for the present invention
Provide in example and estimated by measurement by the electric current of 22 sub-thread circuits 27 in the first multiply circuit by described first
The method of the electric current of inductance 21:First, described in second inductance 23 first is passed through via the current sensor 28 measurement
The electric current i of one circuit 27 in multiply circuit 222;Secondly, it is i to calculate by the approximation of the electric current of first inductance 212's
(1+N2)Times.
On the basis of embodiment in fig. 2 a, increasing a detecting compensative winding 31 on second inductance 23 can obtain
To an alternative embodiment of the invention.Reference picture 3a, in this embodiment, second inductance 23 also include the second winding
31, it is coiled into by the second multiply circuit 32 on the magnetic core 26 of second inductance.Although the N in the first multiply circuit 221
N in strand road 27 and the first multiply circuit 222Strand road 25 must be rewound on the magnetic core 26 of second inductance, institute
Circular direction of second winding 31 on the magnetic core 26 of second inductance is stated not limit.In the present embodiment, described second
Winding 31 is by the second multiply circuit 32 with N3Circle is coiled into, wherein N3For positive integer.
Reference picture 3b.Magnetic potential balance principle is quoted, in one embodiment of the method for the present invention, passes through earlier figures
Electric current (the I of first inductance 21 described in current distributing sampling apparatus 30 in embodiment in 3a1+I2) can be according to following steps meter
Calculate:First, via N in the first multiply circuit 22 described in the second inductance 23 described in the current sensor 28 measurement merits and demerits1Stock
The electric current of circuit 27, obtains I2;Secondly, on second winding 31 resistance value R and magnitude of voltage V is obtained, obtains I3=V/R;Most
Afterwards, calculate by the electric current of first inductance 21 and be:
Such as the current distributing sampling apparatus 20 in the embodiment in earlier figures 2a, the electric current in embodiment in Fig. 3 a divides
Flow the measurement of current sensor 28 in sampling apparatus 30 is by the less circuit of number of share of stock in the first multiply circuit 22
Electric current.In the embodiment as shown in Figure 3 a of the present invention, the N of the first multiply circuit 222The number of share of stock on strand road 25
More than or equal to N in the first multiply circuit 221The number of share of stock on strand road 27.In another reality as shown in Figure 3 a of the present invention
Apply in example, N in the first multiply circuit 221The number of share of stock on strand road 27 is sub-thread.The purpose of both examples above is to make
With the current sensor 28 of small amount journey come measure after being split by first inductance 21 larger current.
The N in foregoing embodiment as shown in Figure 3 a1In the case of=1, pass through the electric current I of first inductance 221+I2Can
One embodiment of a method under this invention calculates:First, described is passed through via the current sensor measurement 28
Described in two inductance 23 in first multiply circuit 22 one circuit 27 electric current;Secondly, the electricity on second winding 31 is obtained
Resistance R and magnitude of voltage V, obtains I3=V/R;Finally, calculate by the electric current of first inductance 21 and be:I2·(1+N2)-I3·
N3。
In embodiment as shown in Figure 3 a, the function of the magnetic core 26 of second inductance can be considered a transformer, if
Exciting curent will increase if magnetic conductivity is low, error can be caused to increase, therefore the magnetic core 26 of second inductance 23 preferably uses high μ
Material magnetic core.In one embodiment of the invention, the relative permeability of the magnetic core 26 of second inductance is not less than 100.
The magnetic core 26 of second inductance in previous embodiment can be closing magnetic core or open magnetic core.But when
When magnetic core 26 has air gap, Effective permeability can decline and exciting curent can increase, and error is naturally just big.Therefore, according to this
The current distributing sampling apparatus 20,30 in embodiment shown in one preferred embodiment of invention, earlier figures 2a and earlier figures 3a
Described in the second inductance magnetic core 26 be closing magnetic core.
It should be noted that and understand, the feelings of the spirit and scope of the present invention required by appended claims are not departed from
Under condition, various modifications and improvements can be made to the present invention of foregoing detailed description.It is therefore desirable to the model of the technical scheme of protection
Enclose and do not limited by given any specific exemplary teachings.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of current distributing sampling apparatus, including:
First inductance, it is coiled into by the first multiply circuit;And
Current sensor;
Characterized in that,
The first multiply circuit is N1+N2Stock, wherein N1、N2For positive integer;
The current sensor is arranged in suitable for measurement by N in the first multiply circuit1The electric current on strand road;
The current distributing sampling apparatus also includes the second inductance, and it includes the first winding, by N in the first multiply circuit2Stock
Be routed through the magnetic core of second inductance center and the first multiply circuit in N1Strand road is reversely coiled into, and described first
N in multiply circuit2The number of turn on strand road is equal to N1, N in the first multiply circuit1The number of turn on strand road is equal to N2。
2. the current distributing sampling apparatus in claim 1, wherein second inductance also includes the
Two windings, it is coiled into by the second multiply circuit on the magnetic core of second inductance.
3. the current distributing sampling apparatus in claim 1 or 2, wherein the relative permeability of the magnetic core of second inductance is not low
In 100.
4. the current distributing sampling apparatus in claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic core of second inductance is closing magnetic core.
5. the current distributing sampling apparatus in claim 1 or 2, wherein N in the first multiply circuit2The number of share of stock on strand road is big
In or equal to N in the first multiply circuit1The number of share of stock on strand road.
6. the current distributing sampling apparatus in claim 5, wherein N1=1.
7. a kind of method for estimating the electric current of the first inductance described in the current distributing sampling apparatus passed through in claim 1, institute
The method of stating includes:
Pass through N in the first multiply circuit described in second inductance via the current sensor measurement1The electric current on strand road;
With
It is to pass through N in the first multiply circuit described in second inductance to calculate by the approximation of the electric current of first inductance1
The electric current on strand roadTimes.
8. a kind of method for estimating the electric current of the first inductance described in the current distributing sampling apparatus passed through in claim 1, its
Middle N1=1, methods described includes:
Electric current via the current sensor measurement by one circuit in the first multiply circuit described in second inductance;
With
It is by the first multiply circuit described in second inductance to calculate by the approximation of the electric current of first inductance
(the 1+N of the electric current of one circuit2) times.
9. a kind of method for measuring the electric current of the first inductance described in the current distributing sampling apparatus passed through in claim 2, institute
The second winding is stated by the second multiply circuit with N3Circle is coiled into, N3For positive integer, methods described includes:
Pass through N in the first multiply circuit described in second inductance via the current sensor measurement1The electric current on strand road,
Obtain I2;
The resistance value R and magnitude of voltage V on second winding are obtained, obtains I3=V/R;With
Calculate by the electric current of first inductance and be:
10. a kind of method for measuring the electric current of the first inductance described in the current distributing sampling apparatus passed through in claim 2, institute
The second winding is stated by the second multiply circuit with N3Circle is coiled into, N3For positive integer, wherein N1=1, methods described includes:
Electric current via the current sensor measurement by one circuit in the first multiply circuit described in second inductance,
Obtain I2;
The resistance value R and magnitude of voltage V on second winding are obtained, obtains I3=V/R;With
Calculate by the electric current of first inductance and be:I2·(1+N2)-I3·N3。
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CN103969496A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-06 | 深圳市英可瑞科技开发有限公司 | Current sampling circuit |
CN104897944A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-09 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Method for measuring direct current greater than 50A |
CN114823083A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2022-07-29 | 台达电子企业管理(上海)有限公司 | Integrated magnetic element |
US11585836B2 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2023-02-21 | InductEV, Inc. | Current sensing in a wireless power transfer system |
CN114175186A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-03-11 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Current sampling system and method of magnetic device, magnetic device and power converter |
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US4140961A (en) * | 1977-06-21 | 1979-02-20 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Shunt circuit for an insulation type current transformer to adapt to a wide-band of frequency |
GB2282893A (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-19 | Qifeng Xu | External simulator of current transformers |
CN1266188A (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-13 | 索尼公司 | High frequency current tester |
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