CN103670280A - Blade motor driving type downhole supercharging device and blade motor driving type downhole supercharging method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a vane motor-driven downhole pressurization device capable of generating ultra-high pressure jets, which is suitable for increasing the drilling speed of deep wells and ultra-deep wells. The supercharging device consists of five parts, including the housing, the splitter unit, the power assembly, the transmission assembly, and the supercharging assembly. It is an underground supercharging tool specially used for ultra-high pressure jet drilling. The upper end of the device is connected to a drill collar or power drilling tool, and the lower end is directly connected to the drill bit. During normal drilling, the drilling fluid flows symmetrically into the vane motor assembly through the sub-fluid, and the vanes generate torque under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure difference and drive the crankshaft to rotate, causing the connecting rod and the plunger of the plunger pump to reciprocate up and down, and part of the high-pressure drilling The fluid rises to ultra-high pressure, and the ultra-high-pressure fluid passes through the ultra-high-pressure nozzle on the drill bit to form an ultra-high-pressure jet, which is transmitted to the bottom of the well to break rocks, so as to improve the efficiency of drilling and breaking rocks. The invention designs a pair of symmetrical vane motors to provide continuous power for the plunger pump, so that the ultra-high pressure jet can continuously act on the bottom of the well.

Description

Vane motor-driven downhole pressurization device and method

technical field

The patent of the present invention relates to a deep-well ultra-high pressure jet drilling downhole supercharging device used in the field of petroleum and natural gas engineering drilling, especially a downhole supercharging device that drives the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism through a vane motor to provide continuous reciprocating power for the plunger pump. device, and the present invention is particularly applicable to the field of deep well and ultra-deep well drilling.

Background technique

With the exploration and development of oil and gas resources in deep formations, complex geological conditions, low ROP and high drilling costs have become the salient features of deep and ultra-deep wells. Ultra-high pressure jet drilling is one of the most effective methods to use hydraulic energy to assist mechanical drilling. Ultra-high pressure jet drilling is to increase the pressure of the drilling fluid to ultra-high pressure through the booster device, and to impact the bottom rock through the ultra-high pressure nozzle of the drill bit to improve the efficiency of rock cleaning and auxiliary rock breaking. The downhole booster devices that have been designed include static booster devices, separated downhole booster devices, jet booster devices, centrifugal downhole booster devices, shock-absorbing booster devices, and screw downhole booster devices. Most of them cannot guarantee a continuous power source to provide power for the continuous pressurization of drilling fluid, and the vibration, shock and wear of internal components are relatively large, thus affecting the working life of the tool in the downhole.

Based on the above analysis, the patent of the present invention designs a symmetrical double-blade motor-driven downhole pressurization device, which aims to pressurize a small part of the drilling fluid downhole into ultra-high pressure fluid through this device, and generate ultra-high pressure jets through the high-pressure nozzle on the drill bit , improve the efficiency of rock cleaning and rock breaking at the bottom of the well, and then increase the ROP.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a reliable downhole ultra-high pressure jet pressurization and speed-increasing device for the oil and gas ultra-high pressure jet drilling field. The invention provides a continuous power source for the pressurization of the plunger pump through a specially designed vane motor, reduces the dependence on the external environment, reduces the impact wear of the internal parts of the device, and prolongs the working life of the device. The ultra-high pressure fluid generated by the device is sent to the high-pressure nozzle of the drill bit through the high-pressure pipeline to form an ultra-high jet flow that impacts the bottom rock to assist rock breaking and increase the mechanical penetration rate.

The technical scheme adopted by the patent of the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the whole device is divided into 5 parts such as a housing, a flow distribution unit, a power assembly, a transmission assembly, and a booster assembly. The inside of the shell is a columnar cavity, and there are steps and supports of different sizes in the cavity, which is convenient for the positioning and installation of components such as fluid distribution, motor, plunger pump, etc.; the upper end of the shell is the drilling fluid inlet, which is connected with drill collars or power drilling tools ; The lower end is the drilling fluid outlet, which is connected with the drill bit. The inner cavity of the housing is specifically installed from top to bottom: a split fluid, two symmetrically placed hemispherical vane motors, a crank connecting rod mechanism, and a plunger pump. The splitter unit of the device is a splitter fluid, which divides the drilling fluid from the drill collar or power drilling tool into three parts, two parts of the drilling fluid respectively flow to the symmetrical high-pressure inlet of the vane motor, and the third part of the drilling fluid passes through the Separately designed flow passages on the motor stator flow to the plunger pump inlet.

The powertrain is two symmetrical vane motors next to the sub-fluid. The motor is compactly designed according to the limitation of downhole space, and the inner contour of the stator is hemispherical. There are two high-pressure chambers and two low-pressure chambers on the motor stator. When the high-pressure drilling fluid from the split fluid flows from the high-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber, a pressure difference is generated. The blades generate torque under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure difference and drive the rotor to rotate. , the rotor drives the crankshaft to rotate at high speed to make the connecting rod reciprocate up and down. A spring is installed between the vane and the rotor slot. When the vane turns to the smallest inner diameter of the stator, the vane completely presses the spring in. When the vane turns to the largest inner diameter of the stator, the spring pushes the edge of the vane to the inner wall of the stator. A sliding bearing is installed on the side of the motor rotor close to the shell wall, and a sealed rolling bearing is installed on the end close to the crankshaft. The power transmission assembly is composed of a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism. The two ends of the crankshaft are respectively connected with the rotors of the two vane motors. With the rotation of the vane motor, the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism transmits the power to the plunger and realizes the rotational movement to the plunger. Conversion of up and down reciprocating motion. The pressurization assembly is composed of a plunger pump. The plunger pump is located at the bottom of the device and installed on the casing. The drilling fluid at the inlet end comes directly from the shunt fluid, and the ultra-high pressure drilling fluid at the outlet end passes through the high-pressure pipeline through the high-pressure nozzle of the drill bit. The ultra-high pressure jet acts on the bottom of the well to break the rock.

The invention patent draws lessons from the mature vane motor technology and plunger supercharging technology. The designed double vane motor has a simple structure and low wear, and the double impeller can make full use of the hydraulic energy to provide continuous and stable power for the booster of the plunger pump. The pressurization device is small in size, simple in internal structure and less dependent on the downhole environment, and can be used in the development of vertical wells, directional wells and horizontal wells.

Description of drawings

The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the assembly schematic diagram of the device of the patent of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view at A-A place in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view at B-B in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device housing of the patent of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the patent of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the vane motor stator of the patented device of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vane motor gland of the patented device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device blade motor blade of the patent of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade motor rotor of the patented device of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the device crankshaft of the patent of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plunger pump body of the patented device of the present invention;

Explanation of reference numbers

1. Device housing, 2. Distributor, 3. Motor gland, 4. Motor fluid inlet 5. Vane, 6. Spring, 7. Rotor, 8. Crankshaft, 9. Pipeline 10. One-way valve, 11. Pad 12. Through-hole bolts, 13. Gland bolts 14. Connecting rods and fixing bolts, 15. Bearings and seals, 16. Bearing bushes 17. High and low pressure chambers, 18. Motor fluid outlet, 19. Cardan shaft, 20. Plunger pump body.

L1. Low pressure chamber, L2. Low pressure chamber, H1. High pressure chamber, H2. High pressure chamber

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In Fig. 1, the upper end of the housing (1) of the vane motor-driven downhole pressurization device is a drilling fluid inlet, which is connected with a drill collar or a power drilling tool. The sub-body (5) is installed on the inner step of the housing (1) near the inlet end of the device, and there are three holes on it, of which two symmetrical holes are connected with a pair of symmetrical vane motor fluid high-pressure inlets (4), and the other small hole The plunger pump (20) is supplied with inlet fluid through a line (9) connected to the one-way valve (10). The power source double-vane motor is located at the lower end of the split body (5), installed on the inner steps of the casing, and a gasket (11) is installed between the motor and the split body to play a sealing role. The vane motor is mainly composed of motor gland (3), motor fluid high pressure inlet (4), vane (5), bearing and seal (15), bearing bush (16), high pressure chamber (17), motor fluid outlet (18) and so on. The drilling fluid is diverted by the splitter (5), and most of the drilling fluid flows into the symmetrical vane motor through the motor fluid high-pressure inlet (4). There are two high-pressure chambers (H1, H2) and two low-pressure chambers inside the motor stator. (L1, L2), due to the pressure difference formed by the action of the high and low pressure chambers, the blade (5) generates torque under the action of the pressure difference and drives the rotor (7) to rotate. Since the rotor (7) and the crankshaft (8) are connected together by splines, the rotor drives the crankshaft (8) to rotate at a high speed, and the crankshaft (8) drives the connecting rod (14) to reciprocate up and down, providing continuous pumping for the plunger pump (20). Continuous power, universal joint (19) is installed between the plunger of connecting rod (14) and plunger pump (20), has guaranteed plunger centering motion. When the plunger moves upward, the one-way valve (10) opens, and the diverted drilling fluid is input into the cylinder liner of the plunger pump to replenish fluid for the plunger pump (20); when the plunger moves downward, the one-way valve When closed, the drilling fluid in the plunger cylinder is pressurized to form ultra-high pressure drilling fluid. The lower end of the cylinder body of the plunger pump has a screw hole, and one end of the ultra-high pressure pipeline is connected to the screw hole, and the other end is connected to the ultra-high pressure nozzle on the drill bit. The pressurized ultra-high-pressure drilling fluid flows through the high-pressure pipeline to the high-pressure nozzle on the drill bit to form an ultra-high-pressure jet, which is directly used to break rocks and improve drilling efficiency.

The above descriptions are only illustrative specific implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device, whole device comprises five parts, housing, dividing cell, power assembly, drive assembly, supercharging assembly, is characterized in that: enclosure interior is installed shunting body, vane type motor, crank-link mechanism, plunges pump body system, one way valve from top to bottom successively.

2. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 1, is characterized in that: in housing chamber, be designed with different steps and supporter, be convenient to the positioning parts such as shunting body, motor, plunger displacement pump and install, can meet inner flow passage space requirement again simultaneously.

3. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: dividing cell is arranged on this supercharging device inner upper end, shunting body is divided into three parts by the drilling fluid from drill collar or power drilling tool, wherein two parts drilling fluid flow to respectively the symmetrical high entrance of sliding-vane motor, and the runner that third part drilling fluid designs separately on motor stator flow to plunger displacement pump entrance.

4. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: from top to bottom immediately shunting body be the power assembly of this supercharging device, power assembly mainly consists of two symmetrical sliding-vane motors, this group sliding-vane motor designs according to confined space size and the structure of housing, and the interior profile of single stator is hemispherical.

5. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 4, it is characterized in that: on sliding-vane motor stator, have two high pressure chests and two low pressure chamber, through shunting body shunting drilling fluid when high-pressure chamber flow to low-pressure chamber, produce pressure reduction, driven vane motor produces moment of torsion, impels the rotation of rotor banding dynamic crankshaft.

6. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 4, it is characterized in that: mounting spring between blade and rotor slot, when blade goes to the minimum place of diameter of stator bore blade, spring is compressed completely, when blade goes to diameter of stator bore maximum spring leaf-pushing plate edge to stator inner wall.

7. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 4, is characterized in that: sliding-vane motor rotor is installed sliding bearing near a side of shell wall side, near one end of bent axle, rolling bearing is housed and has sealing system.

8. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 1, is characterized in that: the crankshaft connecting rod system in the middle of two symmetrical motors is also according to space structures compact design, and the two ends of bent axle are coaxially connected with two sliding-vane motors respectively.

9. vane type motor drive-type underground pressurizing device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: what be positioned at bottommost is plunger displacement pump, this plunger displacement pump main body is sitting on housing, the drilling fluid of arrival end is directly from shunting body, plunger cylinder outlet bottom car has screw, can connect high pressure line, by high pressure line, through drill bit high pressure nozzle, form superhigh pressure water jet rock and broken rock are clearly carried out in shaft bottom.

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