CN103667905B - The superfine crystal particle structural steel that plasticity and toughness are excellent and production method - Google Patents
The superfine crystal particle structural steel that plasticity and toughness are excellent and production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The superfine crystal particle structural steel that plasticity and toughness are excellent, its component and weight percent content are: C:0.03 ~ 0.16%, Si:0.10 ~ 0.60%, Mn:1.00 ~ 2.00%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, Nb:0.005 ~ 0.030%, Ti:0.005 ~ 0.025%, Als:0.010 ~ 0.050%, Ca:0.0010 ~ 0.015%, Ni:0.005 ~ 0.30%, [N]: 5 ~ 40 × 10
-4%, [O]: 5 ~ 20 × 10
-4%; Production stage: steel billet is heated routinely; Roughing start rolling temperature is at 1100 ~ 1180 DEG C, and end temp is not less than 1000 DEG C; Air cooling mode is adopted to be cooled to ferrite and austenite two-phase region; Finish rolling, and rolling is completed in 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Air cooling is to room temperature.Yield strength >=600MPa of the present invention, tensile strength >=750MPa, yield tensile ratio≤0.80, unit elongation >=25%,-20 DEG C of Xia Shi ballistic work >=200J, average crystal grain diameter is below 2 μm, and welding property is excellent, and welding efficiency is high, cold and hot working is functional, resistance to deformation drag is large, and composition is simple, has with low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structural steel and production method thereof, belong to the excellent superfine crystal particle structural steel of a kind of plasticity and toughness and production method particularly.
Background technology
21 century, ferrous materials remained the structured material occupying dominant position, but along with socioeconomic high speed development, Iron And Steel Industry be faced with economize on resources, the immense pressure of save energy, protection of the environment.Therefore, improve steel product quality, improve steel strength, reduce alloy and explained hereafter cost, significantly improve the comprehensive mechanical property of steel, the ferrous materials of developing green environment-friendly type, become the Main way of iron and steel novel material.But traditional high-strength steel generally takes the mode of quenching+tempering to produce, while intensity improves, yield tensile ratio is also improving constantly, especially when tensile strength reaches more than 600MPa, its yield tensile ratio just reaches more than 0.90, plasticity index also drops to less than 20%, obviously, the yield tensile ratio that traditional high-strength steel is higher and lower unit elongation limit this kind of steel applying in such engineering.In recent years, the Ultra-fine Grained High Strength Structural Steel of thermomechanical controlled rolling technology and Technology of Deformation Induced Ferrite Transformation production low cost is adopted to be the direction that current metallurgy industry develops.Grain refining can improve intensity and the toughness of steel simultaneously, but the contribution of grain refining to yield strength is greater than the contribution to tensile strength, therefore grain refining significantly improves the yield tensile ratio of steel, crystal grain is thinner, intensity is higher, yield tensile ratio is thereupon higher, and extension property declines simultaneously, causes the cold-forming property of steel to be deteriorated.
Once the steel plate having bibliographical information to adopt two-phase region quenching+tempering mode to produce meets the technical requirements of such engineering, its organization type is ferrite+martensite, utilize the rational proportion of soft phase ferritic structure to reach the object of low yield strength ratio, but this kind of process of thermal treatment window is narrower, wayward in actual production, even need to carry out repeatedly heat treatment process, substantially prolongs the technological process of production, add production cost, be unfavorable for applying.
Before the present invention, China Patent No. is the patent documentation of 201110218100.8, disclose a kind of low yield strength ratio high-plastic ultra-fine crystal grain high-strength steel and manufacture method thereof, it must containing expensive alloying elements such as higher Cr, Cu, and need to carry out follow-up off-line thermal treatment, and the yield strength of steel plate is at below 500MPa.
China Patent Publication No. is the patent documentation of CN101225459A, and it obtains the ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure with bimodal size distribution by the method for thermal treatment and cold deformation in steel, and the plasticity of steel is greatly improved; Publication number is also had to be the patent documentation of CN1632138A, it adds by thermal treatment the producing and manufacturing technique that warm deformation adds cold deformation, the ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure with bimodal grain size distribution is obtained in hypoeutectoid steel, but the product yield tensile ratio that above-mentioned two patents are all produced by respective composition and production technique is all higher, and the problem that unresolved yield tensile ratio is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of yield strength >=600MPa is provided, tensile strength >=750MPa, yield tensile ratio≤0.80, unit elongation >=25%,-20 DEG C of Xia Shi ballistic work >=200J, average crystal grain diameter below 2 μm, the superfine crystal particle structural steel that the plasticity and toughness that cost of alloy is low are excellent and production method.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
The superfine crystal particle structural steel that plasticity and toughness are excellent, its component and weight percent content are: C:0.03 ~ 0.16%, Si:0.10 ~ 0.60%, Mn:1.00 ~ 2.00%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, Nb:0.005 ~ 0.030%, Ti:0.005 ~ 0.025%, Als:0.010 ~ 0.050%, Ca:0.0010 ~ 0.015%, Ni:0.005 ~ 0.30%, [N]: 5 ~ 40 × 10
-4%, [O]: 5 ~ 20 × 10
-4%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity; Also formula must be met: 1. Ca/S=1.0 ~ 2.2,2. Als/N=10 ~ 25,3. Cr+Mo≤0.15%, 4. 2Ni-3C>=0 simultaneously; Mechanical property: yield strength>=600MPa, tensile strength>=750MPa, yield tensile ratio≤0.80, unit elongation>=25% ,-20 DEG C of Xia Shi ballistic work>=200J, average crystal grain diameter is below 2 μm.
It is characterized in that: be also added with V≤0.060% or Mo≤0.15% or Cr≤0.15% or two or more compounds.
Produce the method for the excellent superfine crystal particle structural steel of plasticity and toughness, its step:
1) heated routinely by steel billet, heating and temperature control is 1200 ~ 1300 DEG C, controls tapping temperature at 1150 ~ 1250 DEG C;
2) carry out roughing, control start rolling temperature at 1100 ~ 1180 DEG C, rolling pass is 3 ~ 5 passages, and percentage pass reduction is not less than 25%, and rolling end temp is not less than 1000 DEG C;
3) adopt air cooling mode to be cooled to ferrite and austenite two-phase region, when ferrite percentage counts to 10 ~ 25%, be chilled to 500 ~ 650 DEG C with the cooling rate rapid water of 10 ~ 20 DEG C/s immediately;
4) carry out finish rolling, its rolling completes in 500 ~ 650 DEG C, and rolling pass is 3 ~ 5 roads, and percentage pass reduction is 30 ~ 45%;
5) air cooling is to room temperature.
The effect of each element and master operation in the present invention
C content of the present invention is selected strongly to improve the intensity of steel at 0.03 ~ 0.16%, C by gap displacement solution strengthening, is guarantee one of requisite element of hardness of steel.C belongs to and expands austenite phase field element, when C content lower than 0.03% time, will cause steel strength deficiency.When C content higher than 0.16% time, the welding cold crack sensitivity coefficient of the tendency of carbon segregation, Gang Zhong M-A island amount and steel increases, thus worsens plasticity and toughness and the welding property of steel, affects the cold and hot working performance of steel.Therefore C content is defined as 0.03 ~ 0.16%.
It is solution strengthening and deoxidation that Si content of the present invention is selected at the Main Function of 0.10 ~ 0.60%, Si in steel.The element of stronger bonding force is had owing to adding Ca, Als etc. and [O], therefore, Si mainly solution strengthening effect in steel of the present invention.When Si content lower than 0.10% time, its solution strengthening effect is not obvious, when Si content higher than 0.60% time, will the ratio on MA island, welded heat affecting zone be increased, worsen base material and HAZ low-temperature impact toughness and extension property.Therefore Si content is defined as 0.10 ~ 0.60%.
It is guarantee steel obdurability and the indispensable element of welded heat affecting zone performance that Mn content of the present invention is selected at 1.00 ~ 2.00%, Mn.Mn expands austenite phase field, reduces A
c1and A
c3transformation temperature, when Mn content lower than 1.00% time, Mn suppresses the declines of ferritic transformation, and cause after proper temperature starts cooling fast, ferritic transformation amount is more, causes hardness of steel not enough.When Mn content higher than 2.00% time, then can form being mingled with of more manganese sulfide, reduce the low temperature fracture toughness of steel and the low-temperature flexibility of welded heat affecting zone, worsen the welding property of steel.Meanwhile, therefore Mn content is defined as 1.00 ~ 2.00%.
P≤0.010% of the present invention, S≤0.005%, P, S are the detrimental impurity elements in steel.High P easily causes segregation, affects the homogeneity of structure of steel, reduces the toughness of steel; S and Mn easily forms MnS and is mingled with, very unfavorable to plasticity and toughness.
It is a kind of carbide that Nb content of the present invention is selected at 0.005 ~ 0.030%, Nb, has strong Grain refinement, can significantly improve austenite recrystallization temperature, expands rolling technology scope.In the operation of rolling, the carbonitride particle that Nb is formed in steel, can effectively suppress growing up of austenite crystal, fining ferrite grains, improves obdurability and the ductility of steel plate.In steel of the present invention, when Nb content lower than 0.005% time, except causing yield strength and plasticity and toughness deficiency, the thinning microstructure effect of Nb is less, causes product grains mean diameter more than 3 μm; When Nb content higher than 0.030% time, the Carbonitride Precipitation amount of Nb is many, and the intensity of steel of the present invention improves more due to precipitation strength effect, when low temperature adopts heavy reduction rolling, infringement rolling equipment, the yield strength increment of steel is greater than tensile strength increment simultaneously, and yield tensile ratio increases.
Ti of the present invention selects 0.005 ~ 0.025%, Ti is also a kind of strong carbonitride-forming elements, Als superfine oxide particle separates out tiny TiN, Ti(CN) or Nb the composite carbon nitride of Ti, the effective dimensions of these particles is below 1.0 μm, effectively can stop Austenite Grain Growth in heating and welding process, make grain refining, improve the low-temperature flexibility of steel.Ti and Nb adds simultaneously, can improve steel austenite recrystallization temperature further, expand rolling technology scope.But when Ti is greater than 0.025%, the carbonitride particle size of the Ti separated out will reach several even tens μm of orders of magnitude, cause the inadequate refinement of crystal grain, worsen the toughness of base material and welded heat affecting zone, when Ti is less than 0.005%, unit surface endoparticle quantity not sufficient, do not have grain refinement effect, therefore Ti is defined as 0.005 ~ 0.025%.
Als content of the present invention is selected usually to add in steel as deoxidant element at 0.010 ~ 0.050%, Als.Als N in steel is combined and forms AlN particle, is improved intensity and the low-temperature flexibility of steel by Grain Refinement Effect.In the present invention, another vital role of Als combines with [O] and forms fine oxide particle, Mn sulfide depends on these oxide particles and separates out, the tiny precipitate of this complexity can be used as again grain boundary ferrite and the ferritic forming core core of lath, thus refinement base material and HAZ tissue.If Als content is lower than 0.010%, TiN amounts of particles and the oxide particle deficiency as forming core core is formed in steel, worsen base material and HAZ impelling strength, if Als content higher than 0.050% time, the oxide inclusion of Al in steel is easily caused to increase, size is comparatively large, reduces purity and the plasticity and toughness of steel, worsens welding heat affected impelling strength.
Ca of the present invention is deoxidant element, and be also desulfurization element, its content controls 0.0010 ~ 0.015%, is the important element in steel of the present invention.Add appropriate Ca in steel by Sulfide inclusion nodularization, be conducive to the low-temperature flexibility and the HAZ toughness that improve base material, appropriate Ca can also form ultrafine oxide compound as ferrite forming core core in steel, further thinning microstructure structure.In order to improve its deoxidization desulfuration effect, improve substrate mass and heat affected zone performance, Ca content should be not less than 0.0010%; When Ca content is more than 0.015%, then can form many large-scale oxide compounds containing Ca and sulfide mixing is mingled with, be unfavorable for the impelling strength of base material and heat affected zone.
Ni:0.005 ~ 0.30% of the present invention, Ni is little to steel strength contribution, but obviously can improve the low-temperature flexibility of steel, significantly improves the low-temperature flexibility of steel.Particularly high to solution strengthening element content such as Cu, Cr steel, its effect improving low-temperature flexibility is just more obvious.Ni amount is too high, and except increase production cost, surface of steel plate easily produces the iron scale being difficult to come off.
N content of the present invention is selected 5 ~ 40 × 10
-4in %, N and steel, the element such as Nb, Ti, Al, V, C forms nitride or carbonitride, is the important element making steel mother metal tissue and weld structure grain refining.If N content is lower than 10 × 10
-4%, then in N and steel, Ti, Als form unit nitride particles quantity not sufficient, can not effectively refinement base material and weld structure.When N content is higher than 40 × 10
-4during %, in steel solid solution N measure increase, to base material and welded heat affecting zone performance unfavorable, be also unfavorable for the surface quality of steel billet.
O content of the present invention is selected 5 ~ 25 × 10
-4%, generally, O belongs to obnoxious flavour in steel, for guaranteeing the total amount of oxide inclusion in purity of steel and steel, O content strictly need be limited in lower level.But when O content is lower than 5 × 10
-4during %, then in steel, unit surface is not enough as the fine oxide particle of forming core core.For avoiding occurring too much oxide-based complex inclusion in steel, in steel, O upper content limit is limited in 25 × 10
-4within %.
Steel of the present invention is also added with V≤0.060% or Mo≤0.15% or Cr≤0.15% or two or more compounds.
V≤0.060% of the present invention, V is a kind of quite strong carbide forming element, and appropriate V has obvious precipitation hardening effect.When Nb and V compound adds fashionable, obviously can improve the generation of transverse crack phenomenon, significantly improve steel.But V too high levels, precipitation strength effect is remarkable, but base material and heat affected zone degraded toughness.
Mo, Cr content of the present invention is all selected in the effect of less than 0.15%, Mo in steel mainly solution strengthening effect, and a small amount of Mo separates out with the form of carbide, improves the intensity of steel further.Excessive Mo not only easily obtains a large amount of bainites or martensitic stucture in quick process of cooling, also the martensitic stucture affecting welding heat influence area toughness is easily obtained in welding cooling, be degrading the over-all properties of base material and heat affected zone, therefore, Mo content must not be greater than 0.15%.Cr is the element effectively improving armor plate strength, also be the element improving steel plate hardening capacity, ferritic phase apparition is moved to right, and the cooling rate widening bainitic transformation is interval, promotes the formation of middle temperature transformation tissue, simultaneously, when Cr and Ni compound is added, more contribute to the hardening capacity and the weather resistance that improve steel, but in the present invention, when Cr content is more than 0.15%, then significantly can reduce the low-temperature flexibility of base material and heat affected zone.
Above-mentioned chemical composition also must meet formula simultaneously: 1. Ca/S=1.0 ~ 2.2,2. Als/N=10 ~ 25,3. Cr+Mo≤0.15%, 4. 2Ni-3C >=0.
In the present invention, as Ca/S < 1.0, the rotten spheroidization of Ca to aluminum oxide and manganese sulfide inclusion thing is not obvious, as Ca/S > 2.2, by forming many large-scale oxide compounds containing Ca, Al and sulfide mixing inclusion in steel, be unfavorable for the plasticity and toughness of steel; As Als/N < 10, unit surface AlN amounts of particles is not enough, and its Grain refinement is not obvious, as Als/N > 25, containing large size aluminate in steel, the performance of base material and heat affected zone is all had a negative impact; As Cr+Mo > 0.15%, worsen the low-temperature flexibility of base material and heat affected zone, add production cost; In order to obtain the splendid high-strength superfine crystalline steel of plasticity and toughness, in steel of the present invention, the content of C and Ni must meet 2Ni-3C >=0.
The present invention compared with prior art, yield strength >=600MPa, tensile strength >=750MPa, yield tensile ratio≤0.80, unit elongation >=25% ,-20 DEG C of Xia Shi ballistic work >=200J, average crystal grain diameter is below 2 μm, and welding property is excellent, welding efficiency is high, and cold and hot working is functional, and resistance to deformation drag is large, composition is simple, has with low cost.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is described in detail:
Table 1 is the value list of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example;
Table 2 is the main technologic parameters list of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example;
Table 3 is various embodiments of the present invention and the list of comparative example Performance Detection situation.
Various embodiments of the present invention are produced according to following steps:
Its step:
1) heated routinely by steel billet, heating and temperature control is 1200 ~ 1300 DEG C, controls tapping temperature at 1150 ~ 1250 DEG C;
2) carry out roughing, control start rolling temperature at 1100 ~ 1180 DEG C, rolling pass is 3 ~ 5 passages, and percentage pass reduction is not low
In 25%, rolling end temp is not less than 1000 DEG C;
3) adopt air cooling mode to be cooled to ferrite and austenite two-phase region, when ferrite percentage counts to 10 ~ 25%, be chilled to 500 ~ 650 DEG C with the cooling rate rapid water of 10 ~ 20 DEG C/s immediately;
4) carry out finish rolling, its rolling completes in 500 ~ 650 DEG C, and rolling pass is 3 ~ 5 roads, and percentage pass reduction is 30 ~ 45%;
5) air cooling is to room temperature.
Chemical composition contrast (wt, %) (one) of table 1 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example
Chemical composition contrast (wt, %) (two) of table 1 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example
The main technologic parameters value list of table 2 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example
The performance test results list of table 3 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example
| Embodiment | R eL/MPa | R m/MPa | R eL/R m | A/% | -20℃KV 2/J |
| 1 | 620 | 796 | 0.779 | 29.5 | 267 |
| 2 | 612 | 790 | 0.775 | 28.5 | 296 |
| 3 | 615 | 795 | 0.774 | 30.0 | 262 |
| 4 | 622 | 805 | 0.773 | 26.5 | 255 |
| 5 | 642 | 835 | 0.769 | 28.0 | 275 |
| 6 | 630 | 802 | 0.786 | 27.0 | 261 |
| 7 | 645 | 845 | 0.763 | 28.0 | 282 |
| 8 | 630 | 812 | 0.776 | 31.0 | 248 |
| 9 | 625 | 797 | 0.784 | 27.5 | 245 |
| Comparative example 1 | 615 | 695 | 0.865 | 17.0 | 131 |
| Comparative example 2 | 620 | 695 | 0.865 | 17.5 | 122 |
| Comparative example 3 | 610 | 685 | 0.872 | 19.0 | 122 |
As can be seen from Table 3, through carrying out normal tensile property ,-20 DEG C of impact of collision tests to steel plate of the present invention, and contrast with compared steel, its result: under normal temperature, yield strength and the compared steel of steel of the present invention are in same level, and tensile strength exceeds a lot than compared steel, steel yield tensile ratio (ReL/Rm) of the present invention is all less than 0.80 and higher extension property, comparative steel yield tensile ratio all then more than 0.85 unit elongation below 20%; At steel of the present invention-20 DEG C, ballistic work is all at more than 200J, and far above compared steel, this illustrates that steel of the present invention has excellent low-temperature flexibility and lower yield tensile ratio.
In sum, steel of the present invention has that intensity is high, yield tensile ratio is low, plasticity and toughness are excellent, welding property is excellent, welding efficiency high.Steel of the present invention has good cold and hot working performance, has Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's resistance to deformation.Composition of steel of the present invention is simple, and have with low cost, the advantages such as manufacturing process is simple, all can implement at each smelter.
Above-described embodiment is only the best and exemplifies, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. produce the method for the excellent superfine crystal particle structural steel of plasticity and toughness, its step:
1) heated routinely by steel billet, heating and temperature control is 1200 ~ 1300 DEG C, controls tapping temperature at 1150 ~ 1250 DEG C;
The component of steel billet and weight percent content are: C:0.03 ~ 0.16%, Si:0.10 ~ 0.60%, Mn:1.00 ~ 2.00%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, Nb:0.005 ~ 0.030%, Ti:0.005 ~ 0.025%, Als:0.010 ~ 0.050%, Ca:0.0010 ~ 0.015%, Ni:0.005 ~ 0.30%, [N]: 5 ~ 40 × 10
-4%, [O]: 5 ~ 20 × 10
-4%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity; Also formula must be met: 1. Ca/S=1.0 ~ 2.2,2. Als/N=10 ~ 25,3. Cr+Mo≤0.15%, 4. 2Ni-3C>=0 simultaneously; Mechanical property: yield strength>=600MPa, tensile strength>=750MPa, yield tensile ratio≤0.80, unit elongation>=25% ,-20 DEG C of Xia Shi ballistic work>=200J, average crystal grain diameter is below 2 μm; Also be added with V≤0.060% or Mo≤0.15% or Cr≤0.15% or two or more compounds;
2) carry out roughing, control start rolling temperature at 1100 ~ 1180 DEG C, rolling pass is 3 ~ 5 passages, and percentage pass reduction is not less than 25%, and rolling end temp is not less than 1000 DEG C;
3) adopt air cooling mode to be cooled to ferrite and austenite two-phase region, when ferrite percentage counts to 10 ~ 25%, be chilled to 500 ~ 650 DEG C with the cooling rate rapid water of 10 ~ 20 DEG C/s immediately;
4) carry out finish rolling, its rolling completes in 500 ~ 650 DEG C, and rolling pass is 3 ~ 5 roads, and percentage pass reduction is 30 ~ 45%;
5) air cooling is to room temperature.
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| CN103952627B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | A kind of high-elongation low yield strength ratio ferrite weathering steel and production method |
| CN106011422B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-01-30 | 唐山学院 | High-strength steel and its low cost preparation method with bimodal yardstick ferritic structure |
| CN109943771B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2021-04-02 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | High-toughness weldable steel plate with fine grain structure and production method thereof |
| CN109680211A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-26 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of vehicle structure steel and its manufacturing method and automobile structure |
| CN111270152A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-12 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | High-plasticity pipeline steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114892073B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2024-01-09 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Steel plate suitable for cold spinning and manufacturing method thereof |
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| JP3244987B2 (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 2002-01-07 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High strength linepipe steel with low yield ratio |
| JP4311049B2 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2009-08-12 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Cold-rolled steel sheet having an ultrafine grain structure and excellent shock absorption characteristics and method for producing the same |
| CN101713046B (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2013-09-18 | 钢铁研究总院 | Preparation method of superfine grain martensitic steel reinforced and controlled by nano precipitated phase |
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Effective date of registration: 20170711 Address after: 430083 Qingshan District, Hubei, Wuhan factory before the door No. 2 Patentee after: Wuhan iron and Steel Company Limited Address before: 430080 Wuhan, Hubei Friendship Road, No. 999, Wuchang Patentee before: Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corp. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151202 Termination date: 20191204 |