CN103666513A - High-dust-content coal tar separation and upgrading purification process and system - Google Patents
High-dust-content coal tar separation and upgrading purification process and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103666513A CN103666513A CN201310638614.8A CN201310638614A CN103666513A CN 103666513 A CN103666513 A CN 103666513A CN 201310638614 A CN201310638614 A CN 201310638614A CN 103666513 A CN103666513 A CN 103666513A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-dust-content coal tar separation and upgrading purification process and a system, and solves the problem that dust of conventional high-dust-content coal tar is difficult to remove, and thus the product quality is affected. The process includes the steps: successively, the high-dust-content coal tar successively passes through a filter to filter dust, then is sent into a feed tank for feeding, next is preheated to 200-250 DEG C or more by preheaters, and finally is sent into a rectifying tower for rectifying to obtain a light component and a heavy component; the light component distilled out of the tower top of the rectifying tower is preheated and dedusted by the first preheater, and then is sent to a tower condenser to be congealed into a liquid to form light tar; the light tar goes out of a tower reflux tank and is divided into three parts, one part flows back to the rectifying tower, another part is sent to a tar mixing tank and is mixed with the high-dust-content coal tar and then together with the coal tar is sent into the filter for filtering the dust, and the remaining part is sent to a light tar storage tank. The process is simple, has the advantages of good coal tar dedusting effect, no waste water discharge and low equipment investment and operation costs, saves energy, reduces consumption, and is friendly to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tar process for upgrading and system, specifically the separated process for upgrading of a kind of high dustiness coal tar and system.
Background technology
At present China's coal tar mainly be take the byproduct that bituminous coal and brown coal are raw material production semicoke, the turnout of the annual semicoke of China is 3,000 ten thousand tons of left and right, the production of coal tar is to refine on the basis producing at semicoke, according to the output of annual semicoke, coal tar annual output is 3,000,000 tons of left and right, large coal tar output like this, its course of processing is diversified, due to various factors, domestic coal tar processing industrial development is also in the very elementary stage, small scale, state of the art is low, product is few, environment-protective water adjustment is the Actuality Characteristic of China's coal tar processing industry.Domestic modal coal tar processing has following two kinds: the one, and coal tar distillation isolation technique, utilize each constitutive property in coal tar to have difference, but the component that character is close is more, with the separated various cuts of distillation technique, the wish extraction components products such as anthracene, phenol, naphthalene are concentrated in corresponding cut, more further adopt physics or chemical process separation; The 2nd, coal tar is carried out to catalytic hydroprocessing, produce fuel oil.
Brown improving quality of coal by pyrolysis process, comprises gaseous heat-carrier and solid thermal carriers technique, and the dust content in the coal tar obtaining is larger, and maximum can reach more than 30%.Brown improving quality of coal by pyrolysis process output tar dust content has greatly following reason to cause: the one, and the poor stability of brown coal, separates out coal cinder is broken because of water and coal gas during heating, and raw gas can be taken a large amount of coal dusts or semi-coke powder out of; The 2nd, as the useless flue gas of thermal barrier, to mix with pyrolysis of coal raw gas, the gentle speed of destructive distillation outlet tolerance increases, and carrying coal dust or Dust Capacity increases; The 3rd, coal is in pyrolysis upgrading process, and coal has become dry loose porous structure, and the bulk density of coal generally only has 450-600Kg/Nm
3, the powder phenomenon-tion of pyrolysis upgrading process coal is also more serious, and coal dust is because density reduces to reduce and very easily taken out of by gas with granularity.General brown improving quality of coal by pyrolysis process dusty gas is processed and is adopted tornado dust collector dedusting, the efficiency of dust collection of tornado dust collector is not high, efficiency of dust collection is generally 80-90%, and the particle that is less than 5 μ m does not have removal effect substantially, thereby the dust content in the coal tar that causes obtaining in the oily process of receipts is larger, is difficult to the dust content in tar to be controlled at below 3%.
Dust in the coal tar that brown improving quality of coal by pyrolysis process obtains has following feature: in (1) coal tar, density and granularity are all less, and density only has 450-600Kg/Nm
3, more than 80% granularity of dust is below 20 μ m; (2) in coal tar, heavy component is high, and viscosity is large.
Because the coal tar obtaining in brown improving quality of coal by pyrolysis process has These characteristics, thereby be difficult to the dust of coal tar to remove by general filtering separation means, and the dust content in coal tar will bring the problems such as hydrotreatment difficulty over 0.5%wt in coal tar process for upgrading, the quality that reduces the tar light oil obtaining, affects economic return; And by water wash tar exist water loss large, pollute greatly, need oily water separation to increase the problem of technology difficulty.
Summary of the invention
To the object of the invention is in order solving the problems of the technologies described above, to provide that a kind of technique is simple, coal tar good dedusting effect, energy-saving and cost-reducing, non-wastewater discharge, the separated process for upgrading of high dustiness coal tar that environmentally friendly, facility investment is low with running cost.
The present invention also provides a kind of system for above-mentioned technique, have advantages of that system is simple, facility investment and running cost low.
Technical scheme comprises that high dustiness coal tar is filtered dust successively, then send into charging stock tank charging, after preheater is preheated to more than 200-250 ℃, send into again rectifying tower rectifying and obtain light component and heavy component, described light component is distillated by sending into tower condenser condenses after the coal tar after described preheater preheating dedusting again and is become the liquid tar light oil that forms by rectifying tower tower top, tar light oil is divided into three parts after going out tower backflash, a part passes back into rectifying tower, another part deliver to tar mixing tank and high dustiness coal tar mixed after after send into strainer together with again and filter dust, remaining part send tar light oil storage tank.
Describedly send into the tar light oil of tar mixing tank and the mixing quality ratio of high dustiness coal tar is 0.1-1.Described strainer is sintering metal formula strainer.
Control described tar light oil and the mixed temperature of high dustiness coal tar is 50-70 ℃.
Control described tar light oil and the mixed reduced viscosity of high dustiness coal tar below 5cP.
Described strainer is sintering metal formula strainer, and the coal dust content in the coal tar after dedusting is less than 0.01%wt.
Described preheater comprises #1 preheater and #2 preheater, and after the dedusting of being drawn by described charging stock tank, coal tar is sent into rectifying tower successively after #1 preheater and the preheating of #2 preheater again; After the coal tar of the light component being distillated by described rectifying tower tower top after #1 preheater preheating dedusting, send into tower condenser; Heavy component at the bottom of described rectifying tower be after tower bottom reboiler heat supply again after the further preheating dedusting of #2 preheater after coal tar, send into vapour generator byproduct steam again and be cooled to 170 ℃ of following heavy asphaltic oils that form, described heavy asphaltic oil send cooling forming in heavy asphaltic oil storage tank.
The separated upgrading system of the high dustiness coal tar of the present invention, comprise the strainer, charging stock tank, preheater and the rectifying tower that connect successively, described rectifying tower tower top outlet is connected with tower condenser, tower backflash through preheater, the outlet of described tower backflash is connected with rectifying tower reflux inlet, tar mixing tank and tar storage tank respectively, and described tar mixing tank outlet is connected with strainer.
Described preheater comprises #1 preheater and #2 preheater, and described tar mixing tank is connected with rectifying tower with #1 preheater, #2 preheater successively, and the tower top outlet of described rectifying tower is connected with tower condenser through #1 preheater; The tower bottom outlet of described rectifying tower is connected with heavy asphaltic oil storage tank through reboiler, #2 preheater, vapour generator.
The preferred sintering metal formula of described strainer strainer.
Described high dustiness coal tar refers to that dustiness is the coal tar that is greater than 3%wt.
The present invention adopts lightweight coal tar that rectifying tower distillates as being diluent media, with high dustiness coal tar mixed diluting, by the control to temperature and addition, make to mix the reduced viscosity of rear tar, to meet the requirement of filtering separation, thereby the dustiness that makes to enter the coal tar before rectifying tower is down to below 0.01%wt, greatly improved the quality of finished product.And utilize self-produced tar light oil part reuse, can realize continuous operation, avoided washing with water that the facility investment that dedusting brings is high, oily water separation is difficult, a large amount of waste water produces, the problems such as contaminate environment.
On the other hand, the energy heat of the heavy asphaltic oil of drawing through reboiler at the bottom of utilizing preheater to tower top tar light oil and tower fully reclaims, and for the preheating of coal tar before rectifying, can further guarantee the effect of rectifying.Carry out all right further byproduct steam of heavy pitch prill oil after preheating, the heavy pitch prill cooling down oil is curable to facilitate its storage, transportation and utilization.
In the present invention, tar light oil and the mixed temperature of high dustiness coal tar are preferably controlled at 50-70 ℃, this is to determine according to the coal dust characteristic in burnt oil properties and tar, it is larger that excess Temperature adds thermal tar energy loss, temperature is crossed low tar viscosity and is difficult to more greatly pass through strainer, by further research comparison, preferably control described tar light oil and the mixed reduced viscosity of high dustiness coal tar below 5cP, under this viscosity, the requirement of filtration be can better meet, efficiency and the effect of filtering improved.
Beneficial effect:
1, technology utilization lightweight coal tar of the present invention dilutes high dustiness coal tar, reduces its viscosity, meets the requirement of filtering separation, and the coal dust content in the tar after filtration treatment is less than 0.01%wt.
2, tar separation process is usingd tar light oil as the high dustiness coal tar of solvent cut, do not consume fresh water, do not produce waste water yet, do not cause environmental pollution, dust in tar is separated step by step with heavy component, can obtain high-quality lightweight coal-tar products, this technique water saving, energy-conservation, reduce the aspects such as facility investment and running cost, raising product quality and have outstanding advantage, be specially adapted to high dustiness coal tar oil separating and upgrading.
3, technical process of the present invention takes into full account energy-conservation setting, first utilizes out rectifying tower oil gas to carry out preheating to entering rectifying tower tar, and the hard pitch oil that recycles out reboiler carries out preheating to feed coal tar, and byproduct steam, and energy recovery rate is high.
4, technical process tar light oil internal circulating load of the present invention determines according to the physical property of high dustiness coal tar, and dilution generally can be controlled in 0.1-1 with the mass ratio of tar light oil and high dustiness coal tar, during normal running without outsourcing light oil.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention and system diagram.
Wherein, 1-rectifying tower, 2-reboiler, 3-tower condenser, 4-tower backflash, 5-tar light oil pump, 6-column bottoms pump, 7-#2 preheater, 8-vapour generator, 9-#1 preheater, 10-tar mixing tank, 11-discharging pump, 12-tar filter, 13-charging stock tank, 14-fresh feed pump, 15-heavy bitumen oil tank, 16-tar light oil storage tank.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, system of the present invention is further expalined to explanation:
Technological process embodiment:
High dustiness coal tar (dustiness is greater than 3%) and tar light oil from tower backflash 4 mix tar mixing tank 10 is interior, described in control, send into the tar light oil of tar mixing tank 10 and the mixing quality ratio of high dustiness coal tar is 0.1-1, mixed temperature is 50-70 ℃, and mixed reduced viscosity is below 5cP.Mixed high dustiness coal tar is delivered to strainer 12 through discharging pump 11 pressurizations and is filtered, make the dustiness in coal tar be less than 0.01%wt, coal tar after dedusting is preheated to 160-180 ℃ through #1 preheater 9 and the tar light oil indirect heat exchange from rectifying tower tower top, and then through #2 preheater 7 and heavy asphaltic oil indirect heat exchange from reboiler 2, further be preheated to after 200-250 ℃, send into rectifying tower 1 rectifying and obtain light component and heavy component, described light component is distillated and by the coal tar after the 9 preheating dedustings of #1 preheater and after being cooled to 180 ℃, is sent into tower condenser 3 again and be further condensed into the liquid tar light oil that forms by rectifying tower 1 tower top, tar light oil is sent into into tower backflash 4 and is collected, the tar light oil going out after tower backflash 4 is divided into three parts, a part passes back into rectifying tower 1 for the cooling that refluxes through rectifying tower reflux inlet, another part after tar light oil pump 5 pressurization, as solvent, deliver to tar mixing tank 10 mixed with high dustiness coal tar after after send into strainer 12 together with again and filter dusts, remaining part is delivered to tar light oil storage tank 16 through 5 pressurizations of tar light oil pump.
Heavy component at the bottom of described rectifying tower 1 tower is coal tar being cooled to after the further preheating dedusting of #2 preheater 7 again after tower bottom reboiler 2 heat supplies.。。After, then send into vapour generator 8 by-product pressure and be.。。Steam and be cooled to 170 ℃ of following heavy asphaltic oils that form, described heavy asphaltic oil send cooling forming in heavy asphaltic oil storage tank 15.
The dustiness of the tar light oil finally obtaining is less than 0.01%wt, the dustiness of heavy asphaltic oil is 0.1%wt, year is processed the system of 200,000 tons of raw materials, every year can 3-4 ten thousand tons of low-pressure steam of by-product through technique of the present invention, cross and filter out more than 99.9% coal dust in tar, except guaranteeing, reliable and stable tar light oil and heavy bitumen oil quality, to also have considerable additional economic benefit.
Claims (9)
1. the separated process for upgrading of one kind high dustiness coal tar, high dustiness coal tar is filtered dust successively, then send into charging stock tank charging, after preheater is preheated to more than 200-250 ℃, send into again rectifying tower rectifying and obtain light component and heavy component, it is characterized in that, described light component is distillated by sending into tower condenser condenses after the coal tar after described preheater preheating dedusting again and is become the liquid tar light oil that forms by rectifying tower tower top, tar light oil is divided into three parts after going out tower backflash, a part passes back into rectifying tower, another part deliver to tar mixing tank and high dustiness coal tar mixed after after send into strainer together with again and filter dust, remaining part send tar light oil storage tank.
2. the separated process for upgrading of high dustiness coal tar as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in send into the tar light oil of tar mixing tank and the mixing quality ratio of high dustiness coal tar is 0.1-1, described strainer is sintering metal formula strainer.
3. the separated process for upgrading of high dustiness coal tar as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, controls described tar light oil and the mixed temperature of high dustiness coal tar is 50-70 ℃.
4. the separated process for upgrading of high dustiness coal tar as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, controls described tar light oil and the mixed reduced viscosity of high dustiness coal tar below 5cP.
5. the separated process for upgrading of the high dustiness coal tar as described in claim 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, described strainer is sintering metal formula strainer, and the coal dust content in the coal tar after dedusting is less than 0.01%wt.
6. the separated process for upgrading of high dustiness coal tar as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described preheater comprises #1 preheater and #2 preheater, and after the dedusting of being drawn by described charging stock tank, coal tar is sent into rectifying tower successively after #1 preheater and the preheating of #2 preheater again; After the coal tar of the light component being distillated by described rectifying tower tower top after #1 preheater preheating dedusting, send into tower condenser; Heavy component at the bottom of described rectifying tower be after tower bottom reboiler heat supply again after the further preheating dedusting of #2 preheater after coal tar, send into vapour generator byproduct steam again and be cooled to 170 ℃ of following heavy asphaltic oils that form, described heavy asphaltic oil send cooling forming in heavy asphaltic oil storage tank.
7. the separated upgrading system of one kind high dustiness coal tar, comprise the strainer, charging stock tank, preheater and the rectifying tower that connect successively, it is characterized in that, described rectifying tower tower top outlet is connected with tower condenser, tower backflash through preheater, the outlet of described tower backflash is connected with rectifying tower reflux inlet, tar mixing tank and tar storage tank respectively, and described tar mixing tank outlet is connected with strainer.
8. the separated upgrading system of high dustiness coal tar as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described preheater comprises #1 preheater and #2 preheater, described tar mixing tank is connected with rectifying tower with #1 preheater, #2 preheater successively, and the tower top outlet of described rectifying tower is connected with tower condenser through #1 preheater; The tower bottom outlet of described rectifying tower is connected with heavy asphaltic oil storage tank through reboiler, #2 preheater, vapour generator.
9. the separated upgrading system of high dustiness coal tar as claimed in claim 7 or 8, is characterized in that, described strainer is sintering metal formula strainer.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105602614A (en) * | 2014-11-23 | 2016-05-25 | 陕西煤业化工集团(上海)胜帮化工技术有限公司 | Condensation and separation method for dust-containing over-gasified oil gas |
| CN106994278A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-08-01 | 西安交通大学 | The experimental method and device purified for pulverized coal pyrolysis high temperature dust tar step |
| CN108342212A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-31 | 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 | Handle the method and system of slag inclusion coal tar |
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