CN103663587B - Waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device and method for diesel power station in sea island - Google Patents
Waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device and method for diesel power station in sea island Download PDFInfo
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- CN103663587B CN103663587B CN201310613684.8A CN201310613684A CN103663587B CN 103663587 B CN103663587 B CN 103663587B CN 201310613684 A CN201310613684 A CN 201310613684A CN 103663587 B CN103663587 B CN 103663587B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The invention relates to a waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device and method for a diesel generating station in a sea island. The waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device is characterized by comprising an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) power generation system and a sea water desalination system which are matched with each other, wherein the seawater desalination system heats seawater entering a seawater desalinator by a large amount of heat energy emitted during a working medium condensation process of a working medium condenser of the ORC power generation system, so that the seawater desalination efficiency is improved; the ORC power generation system adopts a large amount of seawater provided by the seawater desalination system as a refrigerant, so that the temperature of the working medium condenser is effectively reduced, and the ORC generation efficiency is improved; the two systems are matched with each other and coordinated, so that electricity and water cogeneration is realized; and a combined waste heat boiler is arranged on an internal combustion engine exhaust passage of the power station in the sea island, fresh water entering an evaporator passes an internal combustion engine cooling-water heat exchanger and is heated by internal combustion engine cooling water, thus, waste heat recovery of internal combustion engine cooling water is realized, and the steam yield is increased. According to the waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device and method for the diesel generating station in the sea island, power and steam energy are not required to be provided externally, the fresh water yield can reach 500t/d, and 2,000 KWh/d power can be provided for the outside.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) low-temperature electricity-generating technology to reclaim oil electric engine exhaust and cooling water heat, under the prerequisite not consuming other energy, carry out sea water desaltination and have the technology that electric power more than needed exports, particularly a kind of island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device and method.
Background technology
The island that the area of China reaches more than 500 square metres have 6536, and current inhabited island only have 450, and most island are because of lack of water, short of electricity, and personnel cannot hang up one's hat on island.Exploitation island, particularly develop the South China Sea Islands, what first will solve is electric power and fresh water.The electric power of current off-lying sea Development of Islands is mainly powered by oil electric engine, and fresh water mainly solves by ship.Usually, island electricity price and fresh water price exceed several times than inland, exactly because electric power and fresh water are all that diesel oil is transformed.
Under current state of the art, diesel internal combustion generator thermo-efficiency only has 35-40%, up to the heat of 60-65% by forms such as exhaust, water coolant, body distribute, diffuses in air.Account for the 30-35% of total heat by being vented the heat taken away, the heat that water coolant distributes accounts for total heat 20-30%.How recycling this part heat, is the main task of diesel engine energy-saving and emission-reduction.Utilizing ORC cogeneration technology that I. C. engine exhaust and cooling water waste are converted into electric power, is the important means improving diesel generation engine efficiency.In desalination technology, applying wider is distillation method and reverse osmosis method. wherein low-temperature multiple-effect distillation, multistage flash vaporization are when consuming electric energy and being less, by lowering heat exhaustion to the method for steam latent heat recycling, produce high-quality fresh water.Reverse osmosis rule does not need to input steam, only inputs electric energy and just can desalinize seawater.
In prior art, have and utilize the technology of the generating of I. C. engine exhaust used heat, also have the technology utilizing afterheat of IC engine to carry out sea water desaltination.The present invention is that one can make full use of oil electric engine used heat, realizes electric power, fresh water co-producing, when do not need or less need fresh water, the electric energy of multi output preciousness; When needing fresh water in a large number, producing fresh water more, exporting electric energy less.This method comparatively aforementioned techniques, utilization rate of waste heat is higher, can reduce diesel power plant cost of electricity-generating, particularly can significantly reduce sea water desaltination cost, is more suitable for using under island particularly off-lying sea island environment.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the defect of above-mentioned existence, object is coordinated with desalination technology by ORC generation technology, engine generator set exhaust and cooling water heat are reclaimed to greatest extent, sea water desaltination is carried out under the prerequisite not consuming other energy, and can outwards provide certain electric power, realize island diesel power plant energy-saving and emission-reduction, a kind of island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device and method is provided.
Island of the present invention diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device and method content Description:
Island of the present invention diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device, it is characterized in that: island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device is cooperatively interacted by ORC power generation system and seawater desalination system and forms, ORC power generation system by: working medium vaporizer, turbo-expander, generator, working fluid condenses device and working medium topping-up pump are formed; Seawater desalination system by: vapour generator, sea water purifier, seawater storage tank, sea-water pump, strong brine storage tank, fresh water storage tank, cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger, hot sea water pump, hot sea water storage tank and fresh-water generator form; The combination waste heat boiler be arranged on I. C. engine exhaust passage is made up of working medium vaporizer and vapour generator, and working medium vaporizer is connected with turbo-expander, working fluid condenses device, working medium topping-up pump successively, and turbo-expander coaxially connects generator; Seawater enters sea water purifier through seawater inlet, and sea water purifier connects seawater storage tank, sea-water pump, working fluid condenses device, hot sea water storage tank, hot sea water pump and fresh-water generator successively; Fresh-water generator is connected with strong brine storage tank, fresh water storage tank respectively; Fresh water storage tank connects fresh water pump, cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger, throttling valve, vapour generator successively; Hot sea water storage tank is connected with seawater storage tank by reverse checkvalve; Cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger is provided with cooling water inlet, cooling water outlet.
Described turbo-expander is screw or vortex.
Described fresh-water generator is evapourizing type or reverse osmosis type.
Island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration method, is characterized in that:
(1), device is made up of the system that two cooperatively interact: one is ORC power generation system, another is seawater desalination system, a large amount of heat energy that seawater desalination system utilizes ORC power generation system working fluid condenses device to discharge in working fluid condenses process, heating enters the seawater of fresh-water generator, improves sea water desaltination efficiency; ORC power generation system utilizes seawater desalination system to provide a large amount of seawater to do refrigerant, effectively reduces working fluid condenses actuator temperature, and improve the efficiency of ORC generating, two systems cooperatively interact, and co-ordination realizes electricity-water cogeneration;
(2), on the I. C. engine exhaust passage of power station, island, combination waste heat boiler is set up, this combination waste heat boiler is divided into two sections: high temperature section, low-temperature zone, when using evaporation-type seawater desalination device, its high temperature section arranges organic working medium vaporizer, and its low-temperature zone arranges vapour generator;
(3), on the I. C. engine exhaust passage of power station, island, combination waste heat boiler is set up, this combination waste heat boiler is divided into two sections: high temperature section, low-temperature zone, when using reverse osmosis membrane type fresh-water generator, combination waste heat boiler high temperature section arranges superheater, and low-temperature zone arranges vaporizer;
(4), enter the fresh water of vaporizer through cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger, heated by cooling water of internal combustion engine, realize cooling water of internal combustion engine waste heat recovery, improve steam production.
The present invention utilizes power station, island diesel engine waste heat, ORC generating set uses organic working medium R123, generated output power 220KW, adopt low-temperature multiple-effect seawater desalination device or reverse osmosis membranous type fresh-water generator, complete assembly does not need outside to provide electric power, steam equal energy source, fresh water yield can reach 500t/d, externally can provide electric power 1000 KWh/d ~ 2000KWh/d.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device embodiment 2;
In figure: 1 is combination waste heat boiler, 2 is I. C. engine exhaust passages, 3 is throttling valve, 4 is working fluid condenses devices, 5 is generators, 6 is working medium topping-up pumps, 7 is fresh-water generators, 8 is sea water purifiers, 9 is seawater storage tanks, 10 is seawater inlet, 11 is sea-water pumps, 12 is strong brine storage tanks, 13 is cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchangers, 14 is cooling water outlets, 15 is cooling water inlets, 16 is hot sea water pumps, 17 is hot sea water storage tanks, 18 is reverse checkvalves, 19 is fresh water storage tanks, 20 is fresh water pumps, 21 is working medium vaporizers, 22 is vapour generators, 23 is turbo-expanders.
Embodiment
Island of the present invention diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device, cooperatively interacted by ORC power generation system and seawater desalination system and form, the working fluid condenses device of ORC power generation system utilizes in working fluid condenses process a large amount of energy heats discharged to enter the seawater of fresh-water generator, improves sea water desaltination efficiency; Seawater desalination system provides a large amount of seawater to do refrigerant, effectively reduces working fluid condenses actuator temperature, and improve the efficiency of ORC generating, two systems cooperatively interact, and co-ordination realizes electricity-water cogeneration.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, ORC power generation system by: working medium vaporizer 21, turbo-expander 23, generator 5, working fluid condenses device 4 and working medium topping-up pump 6 are formed; Seawater desalination system by: vapour generator 22, sea water purifier 8, seawater storage tank 9, sea-water pump 11, strong brine storage tank 12, fresh water storage tank 19, cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger 13, hot sea water pump 16, hot sea water storage tank 17 and fresh-water generator 7 form; The combination waste heat boiler 1 be arranged on I. C. engine exhaust passage 2 is made up of working medium vaporizer 21 and vapour generator 22, working medium vaporizer 21 is connected with turbo-expander 23, working fluid condenses device 4, working medium topping-up pump 6 successively, and turbo-expander 23 coaxially connects generator 5; Seawater enters sea water purifier 8 through seawater inlet 10, and sea water purifier 8 connects seawater storage tank 9, sea-water pump 11, working fluid condenses device 4, hot sea water storage tank 17, hot sea water pump 16 and fresh-water generator 7 successively; Fresh-water generator 7 is connected with strong brine storage tank 12, fresh water storage tank 19 respectively; Fresh water storage tank 19 connects fresh water pump 20, cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger 13, throttling valve 3, vapour generator 22 successively; Hot sea water storage tank 17 is connected with seawater storage tank 9 by reverse checkvalve 18; Cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger 13 is provided with cooling water inlet 15, cooling water outlet 14.
Turbo-expander 23 is two kinds of forms of screw or vortex; Fresh-water generator 7 is two kinds of forms of evapourizing type or reverse osmosis type.
ORC power generation system working process:
Island diesel power plant I. C. engine exhaust passage sets up combination waste heat boiler, and this combination waste heat boiler is divided into two sections, and its high temperature section is organic working medium vaporizer, and its low-temperature zone is vapour generator.Organic working medium is evaporated in the high temperature section of waste heat combination heat boiler, and reaches supercritical state, promotes turbo-expander acting, drives the generator coaxial with it, send electric power.Organic working medium enters working fluid condenses device after turbo-expander is got rid of, and after cooled with seawater, pressurizes in topping-up pump, sends into working medium vaporizer, enters next circulation.
The working process of seawater desalination system:
Seawater enters seawater storage tank after purification utensil process, then sends into the working fluid condenses device of ORC power generation system, by after the heat heating that organic working medium condensation discharges, enters hot sea water storage tank; The seawater of fresh-water generator input takes from hot sea water storage tank, and the water after desalination enters fresh water storage tank, and strong brine enters strong brine storage tank.All pumps, valve etc. of seawater desalination system are powered by ORC low-temperature generating system with electrical component.If employing evaporating seawater desalination apparatus, need the steam that vapour generator is produced, send into fresh-water generator, and enter the fresh water of vaporizer through cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger heats; If adopt reverse osmosis membranous type fresh-water generator not need steam, then without the need to arranging vapour generator and cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger.
Island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration method, is characterized in that:
(1), device is made up of the system that two cooperatively interact: one is ORC power generation system, another is seawater desalination system, a large amount of heat energy that seawater desalination system utilizes ORC power generation system working fluid condenses device to discharge in working fluid condenses process, heating enters the seawater of fresh-water generator, improves sea water desaltination efficiency; ORC power generation system utilizes seawater desalination system to provide a large amount of seawater to do refrigerant, effectively reduces working fluid condenses actuator temperature, and improve the efficiency of ORC generating, two systems cooperatively interact, and co-ordination realizes electricity-water cogeneration;
(2), on the I. C. engine exhaust passage of power station, island, combination waste heat boiler is set up, this combination waste heat boiler is divided into two sections: high temperature section, low-temperature zone, when using evaporation-type seawater desalination device, its high temperature section arranges organic working medium vaporizer, and its low-temperature zone arranges vapour generator;
(3), on the I. C. engine exhaust passage of power station, island, combination waste heat boiler is set up, this combination waste heat boiler is divided into two sections: high temperature section, low-temperature zone, when using reverse osmosis membrane type fresh-water generator, combination waste heat boiler high temperature section arranges superheater, and low-temperature zone arranges vaporizer;
(4), enter the fresh water of vaporizer through cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger, heated by cooling water of internal combustion engine, realize cooling water of internal combustion engine waste heat recovery, improve steam production.
Illustrate below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1: the fresh-water generator adopting evapourizing type
See Fig. 1, combination waste heat boiler 1 is arranged on island diesel power plant internal combustion engine tail gas discharge passage 2, and be divided into high temperature section and low-temperature zone 2 part, high temperature section temperature reaches 400-450
oc, low-temperature zone temperature 200-250
oc, high temperature section is arranged the working medium vaporizer 21 of ORC power generation system, low-temperature zone is arranged vapour generator 22.Working medium vaporizer obtains heat from I. C. engine exhaust, and adjustment working medium topping-up pump 6, makes organic working medium evaporate, reach critical or supercritical state, sends into turbo-expander 23 and does work, drive coaxial generator 5 to send electric power.The weary pneumatic transmission of organic working medium of discharging from turbo-expander 31 enters working fluid condenses device 4, by the cooled with seawater in seawater storage tank 9.Cooled organic working medium, again after topping-up pump 6 pressurizes, is sent into working medium vaporizer 21 and is completed a circulation.Circulate continual carrying out, generator 5 sends electric power continuously.
The fresh-water generator 7 of evapourizing type, the seawater of input is heated by the heat of organic working medium steam cooling release in working fluid condenses device 4, its path is: seawater sends into sea water purifier 8 from entrance 10, seawater storage tank 9 is entered after purification, the cooling fluid entrance of working fluid condenses device 4 is sent into through sea-water pump 11, after heating, deliver to hot sea water storage tank 17 from the cooling liquid outlet of working fluid condenses device 4, then deliver in fresh-water generator 7 through hot sea water pump 16.The steam that fresh-water generator 7 inputs obtains from vapour generator 22, its path is: fresh water takes from fresh water storage tank 19, pressurize through fresh water pump 20, send into cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger 13, in 13, there is the cooling water of internal combustion engine of comparatively high temps to heat, then sent into vapour generator 22 heating evaporation through throttling valve 3.Fresh-water generator required electric power takes from ORC power generation system, when inputting the seawater of comparatively high temps and a certain amount of steam, can carry out sea water desaltination by continuous print.The fresh water generated enters fresh water storage tank 19, and strong brine enters strong brine storage tank 12.
The present embodiment utilizes power station, island 2000KW diesel engine waste heat, and ORC generating set uses organic working medium R123, generated output power 120KW, adopts low-temperature multiple-effect seawater desalination device.Complete assembly does not need outside to provide electric power, steam equal energy source, and fresh water yield can reach 500t/d, externally provides electric power 1000KWh/d.
Embodiment 2: adopt reverse osmosis membranous type fresh-water generator
See Fig. 2, combination waste heat boiler 1 is arranged on island diesel power plant internal combustion engine tail gas discharge passage 2, and be divided into high temperature section and low-temperature zone 2 part, high temperature section temperature reaches 400-450
oc, low-temperature zone temperature 200-250
oc, low-temperature zone is arranged vaporizer 22.High temperature section is arranged superheater 21.Organic working medium is pressurizeed through working medium topping-up pump 6 and is sent into vaporizer 22, sends into superheater 21, reach critical or supercritical state after evaporation, sends into turbo-expander 23 and does work, drive coaxial generator 5 to send electric power.The weary pneumatic transmission of organic working medium of discharging from turbo-expander 23 enters working fluid condenses device 4, by from the cooled with seawater in seawater storage tank 9.Cooled organic working medium is pressurizeed through topping-up pump 6, sends into vaporizer 22, completes a circulation.Circulate continual carrying out, generator 5 sends electric power continuously.
The seawater that the fresh-water generator 7 of reverse osmosis membranous type inputs is heated by the heat of organic working medium steam cooling release in working fluid condenses device 4, its path is: seawater sends into sea water purifier 8 from entrance 10, seawater storage tank 9 is entered after purification, the cooling fluid entrance of working fluid condenses device 4 is sent into through sea-water pump 11, after heating, deliver to hot sea water storage tank 17 from the cooling liquid outlet of working fluid condenses device 4, then deliver in fresh-water generator 7 through hot sea water pump 16.The fresh-water generator of reverse osmosis membranous type inputs without the need to steam, as long as power supply can complete sea water desaltination.This routine sea water desaltination required electric power takes from ORC power generation system.The fresh water that fresh-water generator is produced enters fresh water storage tank 19, and strong brine enters strong brine storage tank 12.
The present embodiment utilizes power station, island 2000KW diesel engine waste heat, and ORC generating set uses organic working medium R123, generated output power 220KW, adopts reverse osmosis membranous type fresh-water generator.Complete assembly does not need outside to provide electric power, steam equal energy source, and fresh water yield can reach 500t/d, can externally provide electric power 2000KWh/d.
Claims (4)
1. an island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device, it is characterized in that: island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device is cooperatively interacted by ORC power generation system and seawater desalination system and forms, ORC power generation system by: working medium vaporizer (21), turbo-expander (23), generator (5), working fluid condenses device (4) and working medium topping-up pump (6) are formed; Seawater desalination system by: vapour generator (22), sea water purifier (8), seawater storage tank (9), sea-water pump (11), strong brine storage tank (12), fresh water storage tank (19), cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger (13), hot sea water pump (16), hot sea water storage tank (17) and fresh-water generator (7) form; The combination waste heat boiler (1) be arranged on I. C. engine exhaust passage (2) is made up of working medium vaporizer (21) and vapour generator (22), working medium vaporizer (21) is connected with turbo-expander (23), working fluid condenses device (4), working medium topping-up pump (6) successively, and turbo-expander (23) coaxially connects generator (5); Seawater enters sea water purifier (8) through seawater inlet (10), and sea water purifier (8) connects seawater storage tank (9), sea-water pump (11), working fluid condenses device (4), hot sea water storage tank (17), hot sea water pump (16) and fresh-water generator (7) successively; Fresh-water generator (7) is connected with strong brine storage tank (12), fresh water storage tank (19) respectively; Fresh water storage tank (19) connects fresh water pump (20), cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger (13), throttling valve (3), vapour generator (22) successively; Hot sea water storage tank (17) is connected with seawater storage tank (9) by reverse checkvalve (18); Cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger (13) is provided with cooling water inlet (15), cooling water outlet (14).
2. island according to claim 1 diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device, is characterized in that: described turbo-expander (23) is screw or vortex.
3. island according to claim 1 diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration device, is characterized in that: described fresh-water generator (7) is evapourizing type or reverse osmosis type.
4. an island diesel power plant waste heat electricity-water cogeneration method, is characterized in that:
(1), device is made up of the system that two cooperatively interact: one is ORC power generation system, another is seawater desalination system, a large amount of heat energy that seawater desalination system utilizes ORC power generation system working fluid condenses device to discharge in working fluid condenses process, heating enters the seawater of fresh-water generator, improves sea water desaltination efficiency; ORC power generation system utilizes seawater desalination system to provide a large amount of seawater to do refrigerant, effectively reduces working fluid condenses actuator temperature, and improve the efficiency of ORC generating, two systems cooperatively interact, and co-ordination realizes electricity-water cogeneration;
(2), on the I. C. engine exhaust passage of power station, island, combination waste heat boiler is set up, this combination waste heat boiler is divided into two sections: high temperature section, low-temperature zone, when using evaporation-type seawater desalination device, its high temperature section arranges organic working medium vaporizer, and its low-temperature zone arranges vapour generator;
(3), on the I. C. engine exhaust passage of power station, island, combination waste heat boiler is set up, this combination waste heat boiler is divided into two sections: high temperature section, low-temperature zone, when using reverse osmosis membrane type fresh-water generator, combination waste heat boiler high temperature section arranges superheater, and low-temperature zone arranges vaporizer;
(4), enter the fresh water of vaporizer through cooling water of internal combustion engine heat exchanger, heated by cooling water of internal combustion engine, realize cooling water of internal combustion engine waste heat recovery, improve steam production.
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| CN103967648B (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2015-10-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of marine low speed diesel residual heat comprehensive recovery system |
| CN105070328A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-18 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Nuclear power plant seawater desalination and residual heat removal system |
| CN109469521A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Step recycles flue gas remaining hot water cogeneration system and working method |
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| CN102267732A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂辅机工程有限公司 | Little power consuming seawater desalination system |
| CN203582531U (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-05-07 | 辽宁中成永续水工科技有限公司 | Waste heat power and water cogeneration device for island diesel power station |
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| CN102267732A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂辅机工程有限公司 | Little power consuming seawater desalination system |
| CN203582531U (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-05-07 | 辽宁中成永续水工科技有限公司 | Waste heat power and water cogeneration device for island diesel power station |
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