CN103650154A - Solar cell module and method for connecting solar cells - Google Patents
Solar cell module and method for connecting solar cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN103650154A CN103650154A CN201280026117.6A CN201280026117A CN103650154A CN 103650154 A CN103650154 A CN 103650154A CN 201280026117 A CN201280026117 A CN 201280026117A CN 103650154 A CN103650154 A CN 103650154A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
- H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
- H01L31/0201—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules comprising specially adapted module bus-bar structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
- H01L31/0516—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module specially adapted for interconnection of back-contact solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/34—Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/34—Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
- H02S40/345—Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes with cooling means associated with the electrical connection means, e.g. cooling means associated with or applied to the junction box
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar cell module, comprising solar cells (13, 15) that are arranged on a mount (14) and connected by means of connectors (24, 26). In order to be able to produce the solar cell module at low cost and to minimize the electrical losses due to connectors, the mount is provided with recesses (22), within which the connectors extend at least in some sections, and the solar cells are arranged outside of the recesses in a planar manner or substantially planar manner on the mount or on a layer extending on the mount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar module, it comprises the solar cell being arranged on carrier, and described solar cell is by means of connector wiring.The invention still further relates to a kind of for the solar cell with the first and second contact sites being wired as to the method for module, wherein said solar cell is arranged on carrier with dorsal part, described carrier has the first and second electric connectors, by described electric connector, described solar cell with its first and second contact site at wiring point by wiring.
Background technology
In order to utilize solar cell that suitable voltage or power is provided, known described solar cell is wired as to larger unit.In order to manufacture corresponding module, cell parallel or in series each other wiring and be embedded in suitable transparent encapsulating material, as in ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).In front side, corresponding module is covered by sheet glass conventionally, and covers by the composite plastic film of efflorescence prevention, as polyvinyl fluoride (TEDLAR) and polyester at dorsal part.Module itself is surrounded by framework for example made of aluminum.
Typical solar module on silicon wafer base has contact site on front side and dorsal part.For the wiring of solar cell, the front contact site of a solar cell is connected with the back of the body contact site of solar cell below.Therefore, wiring bunchiness is possible.At this, the connector between battery must have enough length, so that the relative motion that permission causes due to heat.This causes again, and solar cell is arranged to each other certain spacing apart, makes to produce inactive module faces.Cause thus and due to the contact site extending in front side---as contact finger and the bus-bar that is connected with connector conduction---cover and emergent power loses.
The in the situation that of the contact solar cell of front side, conventionally be applied to conductive grid towards light side (it consists of current collector (grid refers to) and electric drainager (bus-bar)) and at least by continuous metal layer (as aluminium) or at the silicon nitride layer of dorsal part passivation, be connected, the depression that described silicon nitride layer has as dorsal part contact site contacts for aluminium.The so-called double-side cell in addition with printing opacity dorsal part contact site that belongs to front contact solar cell.
The series connection of corresponding solar cell is carried out conventionally in the following way: solar cell individually welds together with the contact zones (it is for example become by zinc-plated copper) that are called battery connector, is then combined into so-called string and series connection.Described string arranges tabularly, and by other zinc-plated copper strips serial wiring.
In order to realize higher efficiency and higher power thus, can use dorsal part contact solar cell, two contact sites of described dorsal part contact solar cell are all arranged in battery dorsal part, dorsad in the side of light beam.Avoided thus owing to removing the bus-bar on the battery front side of light beam and also may remove according to solar cell types less desirable the covering that the contact finger on front side causes.In addition, the packaging density of the solar cell of module can be enhanced, because can use coplanar connector.
The in the situation that of corresponding dorsal part contact solar cell, conventionally at metal, around logical (MWT, Metal Wrap Through) solar cell and emitter, between logical (EWT, Emitter Wrap Through) solar cell, distinguish.The in the situation that of MWT solar cell, contact site and back of the body contact site before existing.Pass through Semiconductor substrate---as silicon wafer---in hole, so front contact site is directed into dorsal part.Hole such as boring is for example metallized by Ag conductive paste, and around the region of penetration and all the other region insulation of dorsal part on dorsal part, makes electric current can be transmitted to from front side dorsal part and be received there.The advantage of this circuit is no longer to need the electric drainager (bus-bar) of shading, and the higher clarity of front grid is provided thus.
The in the situation that of EWT solar cell, the n layer that forms emitter is directed into dorsal part through the very little boring in wafer, and by the metal level of point-like---so-called through hole contact site---as far as possible, is touched there.Therefore, also claim some contact solar cell.The advantage of this battery is, the common front grid on front side fully phases out, and by by being that the metallization that radially-arranged finger forms replaces about through hole contact site, thus for light incident provides best as far as possible transparency.
But drawn shortcoming is that wafer does not tolerate mechanical load due to boring.
Known for fear of described shortcoming, with the combination being formed by film and copper strips, come wiring dorsal part contact solar cell (such as " the Conductive adhesives for interconnection of busbar-less emitter wrap-through solar cells on a structured metal foil " referring to people such as D.W.Eikelboom, 17th PVSEC Fukuoka Japan, 2001,1547 pages).But this causes the mechanical load of solar cell, because surround the insert material of solar cell, realize relatively large transverse movement, described transverse movement may be due to the contraction during the required laminating technology of manufacturing module and because the high thermal coefficient of expansion of organic film occurs.
In different publications, described around logical solar cell, to produce the emitter of solar cell and the contact between dorsal part, so that be finally to realize wiring by dorsal part contact site.
For the wiring of dorsal part contact solar cell, known coplanar connector.At this, described connector is present in Metal Substrate and scribbles dielectric layer, wherein contact finger specific placement has been realized on battery dorsal part to thinner bus-bar design.At this, described connector may be implemented as various geometries, and substantially by welding method, with at least two positions, is fixed on each battery.The shortcoming of this connection plan is the bothersome location of battery and the limited cross section of connector and connector, because flat connection can improve fill factor.
Publication below provides the general introduction about relevant art:
D. the people " Methods of contacting multijunction silicon PV modules " such as Thorp, 14th European PVSEC, Barcelona, 1997, p;
A. the people " An industrial mc EWT-solar cell with screen-printed metallization " such as Schoenecker, 14th European PVSEC, Barcelona, 1997, p;
M. the people " Solder version of 8 inch back-contacted solar cells " such as Sp th, 15th PVSEC Shanghai, 2005,1003 pages;
F. the people " Processing and comprehensive characterization of screen-printed mc-Si metal wrap through (MWT) solar cells " such as Clement, 22nd European PVSEC, 2007, Milano, 1399 pages;
Y. the people " Solder Joint degradation in high efficiency all back contact solar cells " such as Meydbray, 22nd European PVSEC, Milano, 2007,2561 pages;
U. the people " A modelling approach to the optimization of interconnects for back contact cells by thermomechanical simulations of photovoltaic modules " such as Eitner, 23rd European PVSEC, Valencia, 2008,2815 pages;
K. the people " Development of back contact Si solar cells and module in pilot production line " such as Nakamura, 23rd European PVSEC, Valencia, 2008,1006 pages.
It is also known that, backside film is used for to wiring.At this, electrically conducting adhesive layer can be used for connecting contact site.
Electrically conducting adhesive can apply by printing technology (the people's such as D.W.Eikelboom " Conductive adhesives for interconnection of busbar-less emitter wrap-through solar cells on a structured metal foil ", 17th PVSEC Fukuoka Japan, 2001,1547 pages).
" A novel module assembly line using back-contact solar cells " (23rd European PVSEC from people such as citing document M.Sp th, Valencia, 2008,2917 pages) in can learn a kind of method for the manufacture of module, wherein conduction backside film have for the connection mode to solar cell wiring.Then, by conductive paste, the conductive region of backside film is connected with solar cell.Then, the solar cell of wiring to be one after the other arranged on the circuit board of realizing wiring each other.
From US-A-5, known a kind of for the method to the wiring of dorsal part contact solar cell in 972,732 or US-A-5,951,786.At this, arrange electric conductor being called as on the base of carrier element, so that dorsal part contact solar cell that then will wiring navigates on described electric conductor, make the contact site of described dorsal part contact solar cell for desired wiring, aim at electric conductor.Then, encapsulation through the solar cell of wiring is carried out in a usual manner, be that solar cell is embedded into material encirclement substantially, described insert material stands transverse movement extending with its face the temperature fluctuation especially meeting with due to module in horizontal direction, on the one hand may there is the damage of solar cell itself thus, and coming off of occurring on the other hand that dorsal part contact site is connected with conduction between electric conductor.
It is to carry out under the background that should avoid or reduce mechanical load that solar cell is flexibly embedded in insert material.But measure, draw: the motion of solar cell in the material flexibly embedding is 120 μ m, and the temperature expansion of expection is over 4 times.
Therefore, flexibly embed and cause high mechanical load, consequently, itself may break series-connection connector and battery, and contact site may come off the in the situation that of back of the body contact battery.
Can determine in a word, the in the situation that of conventional solar module, have following shortcoming:
-bothersome and the intensive manufacture method of cost,
-bad utilization due to photosensitive region to module area,
-restriction to the thickness of the series-connection connector of the welding being made of copper, and the high resistance of the lead-in wire causing thus and the high electrical loss that is associated with it,
-very thin silicon wafer or the mechanical load between solar cell,
-solar cell is due to the intensification of solar radiation in bad heat radiation situation, consequently the power stage reducing of solar cell is, the higher mechanical load of bad cooling, the whole module complex of the shorter life-span of electronic device, bypass diode
-high the module weight that causes due to glass carrier or dual glass carrier,
-fixed cost, considers in the material behavior of using in glass carrier situation,
-problem in contact box, bypass diode are connected into module substrate time.
From DE-A-10 2,005 057 468, known a kind of tabular photovoltaic is without frame solar module, and it has the supporting frame structure of being made by foaming light metal.
DE-A-10 2,006 052 018 relates to a kind of solar cell and solar module, and wherein solar cell parallel or serial wiring is arranged on the insulating barrier with perforation, to solar cell wiring.
The theme of DE-A-10 2,008 012 286 is solar energy module and for the manufacture of the method for this solar energy module.Want the solar cell of wiring to be arranged in by die casting or injection moulding process or the plastic carrier manufactured by pressing method, wherein solar cell is bonded on plastic carrier.Plastic carrier has electric connection structure, and this electric connection structure was arranged in cavity or by 3D-MID technical construction before injection process.
From DE-A-2008-055 475, can learn a kind of focalizer solar battery apparatus.At this, solar cell is held by substrate, and this substrate is made by silicon structurized oxidation or metallized, carries out the wiring of solar cell itself by described substrate.
From the known a kind of solar cell of DE-A-10 2,009 002 823 and solar energy module, wherein on the same side of semiconductor layer, construct the first and second contact positions.Also be provided with in addition the film of perforation, described film is made by the electrically non-conductive material with a plurality of holes.Structurized conductive layer is by the surface of the laid film to perforation, and the film of its middle punch and semiconductor layer are mutually positioning at least a portion of described hole and the first and second contact positions is stacked each other.Then, conductive layer is laid to this film, and described film is connected with contact position.
DE-A-10 2,009 014 relates to a kind of accumulator, wherein photovoltaic module can be placed on described accumulator.
Known a kind of photovoltaic module with flat cell connector from DE-A-10 2,009 023 901.The solar cell of this module connects by flat cell connector, and described connector has the conductor structure in that side of solar cell dorsad that the carrier layer of porous and at least one be arranged in carrier layer.Itself has depression carrier layer, and in described depression, the trend of conductor structure is for electrically contacting conductor structure and solar cell.
DE-A-10 2,009 026 149 relates to a kind of complex system for optical module.For the wiring of solar cell, in the carrier film being made of plastics, arrange metal film, described metal membrane-coating is for being linked to be battery string and being used as bus-bar.
A kind of known method for the manufacture of the membranaceous electric connector for solar cell from DE – A-10 2,010 004 112.At this, use the film connector of punching therein, to realize and the contacting of the welding position of solar cell.
From DE – A-20 2,008 011 461, can learn that solar cell connects.
Known a kind of solar module from US-A-2002/0134422.At this, by the mutual wiring of flexible conductive film.Membrane carrier has perforation, to realize wiring with required scale.
For to solar cell wiring, US – A-2009/0065043 proposes, and by membrane carrier, connects solar cell, and this membrane carrier has the run through opening corresponding with wiring.
According to US – A-2010/0307582, the carrier of solar cell has the opening of running through, to realize wiring.
From US – A-2011/0067751, can learn a kind of photovoltaic module with the backside film of band model, to realize wiring.
In the situation that according to the solar battery array of US – A-3 874 931, solar cell is placed on substrate, this substrate has opening, to realize wiring.
From JP-A-09153634, can learn that a kind of the inside is extended with the transparent substrates of electrical connection.At this, electric conductor is positioned in tool mould, and wherein transparent substrates is injected in this tool mould.
JP-A-2009-76739 relates to a kind of dorsal part solar cell.For to the wiring of a plurality of dorsal part solar cell, use the electrode of three-dimensional.
For to the wiring of dorsal part contact solar cell, according to " Single-Step Laminated Full-Size PV Modules Made With Back-Contacted MC-SI Cells And Conductive Adhesives " (ECN Solar Energy of the people such as publication P.C. de Jong, P.O. Box 1, NL-1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands TNO Institute of Industrial Technology), use backside film, this backside film is connected with solar cell by electrically conducting adhesive.
Summary of the invention
The present invention based on task be, avoid the shortcoming of prior art, especially provide a kind of solar module, the electrical loss causing due to connector can be manufactured and wherein minimize to this solar module at low cost.
According to a further aspect in the invention, should optimize the spacing between battery, reduce the risk of rupture of LED reverse mounting type, and optimize heat radiation.
Also should compare with known module and realize weight and reduce, and needn't bear the loss of stability aspect.In addition, should realize no problem integrated of bypass diode or contact box.
Fully cooling possibility also should be provided in addition.
In order to solve one or more aspect of the present invention, substantially stipulate: carrier is stable, that side structure that is furnished with solar cell in carrier and from above longitudinally caves in, in longitudinal depression and insert connector vertical the extending upward of described longitudinal depression, connector insulate with respect to carrier, and solar cell outside longitudinal depression plane earth or substantially plane earth be arranged on carrier or the layer that extends on carrier on.
The present invention especially relates to a kind of solar module, wherein solar cell at tie point place by means of electric connector wiring, and described solar module is characterised in that, connector in depression outside wiring point relative to each other and with respect to carrier electric insulation arrange.At this, especially stipulate: carrier stable, that be intrinsic rigidity is made by metal foam, as aluminum foam, zinc foam or copper foam.
Connector is vertical the extending upward of longitudinally caving in.Longitudinally depression needn't have the opening of running through, and therefore in carrier, structure sunward can unlimited passage or the groove of battery.Certainly do not depart from of the present inventionly, described longitudinal depression or some of them longitudinally depression have the opening of running through, but described in run through opening plane extend the sub-fraction only with longitudinal depression.
Connector is presented in longitudinal depression, and the longitudinal axis that wherein connector caves in along the longitudinal with its longitudinal axis extends.If a plurality of connectors are longitudinally extending in depression, these connectors relative to each other insulate.If longitudinally the carrier in the border of depression conducts electricity, also with respect to described border, carry out electric insulation.
The in the situation that of common contact device, distribute to the length of longitudinal depression of solar cell---or the length of a plurality of longitudinal depressions, if there are a plurality of longitudinal depressions under solar cell---at least equal solar cell along the extension of described longitudinal depression or a plurality of longitudinal depressions.Preferably, longitudinally the length of depression or a plurality of longitudinal depressions is at least twice of solar cell length of observation on longitudinal cave in longitudinal.
Especially stipulate: the length of longitudinal depression of extending under solar cell string at least equals the length of this string, especially equals the twice of the length of this string.
About wiring point, should be noted that, described wiring point not only can be constructed to point-like, and for example also can be constructed to linear, as the dorsal part contact solar cell in the situation that being especially, the pectination contact structures that wherein front side of extending on dorsal part are connected with dorsal part contact site are connected by the connector being arranged in the depression in carrier.For example, from WO-A-2010/027265(Fig. 2) can learn pectination contact structures.
According to the present invention, for solar cell being carried out to the required connector of wiring, arrange in the plane of the lower face extension that is carrier, on described surface, install and fixed solar battery.
The possibility existing is thus, solar cell spacing is each other compared with known configuration and is reduced and therefore can optimal module area.The advantage simultaneously drawing is, the connector extending in longitudinal depression, as passage is compared and can be had larger cross section with conventional connector, makes to occur less electrical loss.
Because connector extends outside the bearing-surface of each solar cell, therefore described connector can flat ground be directly arranged on carrier otherwise arrange be to extend on carrier substantially not the layer of deflection, as on film, make to avoid the cell fracture causing due to the copper strips as connector along stationary plane extension according to prior art.
As the material for carrier, can consider material electric insulation or conduction.If use electrical insulating material, especially should be mentioned that plastic foam, the material consisting of as cardboard, dipping lacquer paper pulp and paperboard cellulose and/or waste paper.The circuit board of being made by phenolic resins or frosting material also can be used as carrier.The in the situation that of electric conducting material, especially preferable alloy foam, wherein for example should be mentioned that aluminum foam, zinc foam or copper foam, wherein mixed magnesium if desired.
By metal foam is used as to carrier, not only can compare processing carrier more simply with the carrier of being made by glass, and guarantee good heat radiation simultaneously, improve thus the power stage of solar cell.
In addition, can be without problems the required device of module or bypass diode of assembly etc. be integrated in the carrier that also claims module body or module board.Especially the possibility of existence is, constructs cooling duct in carrier, can be flowed through by cooling fluid in described cooling duct.
In addition, carrier can be equipped with boring without problems, and described boring can utilize screw to implement when for example module being fixed on roof.
In order to suppress short circuit, the surface of metal foam sheets is equipped with durable insulating barrier.The possibility also existing is to manufacture hybrid combining by the plastics with the metal foam body of perforate or closed pore.If insulating barrier is made of plastics, described insulating barrier can be by for keeping insulating fabrics or the wool of insulation characterisitic to strengthen.Meanwhile, the surperficial desired spacing of wool or insulating fabrics assurance and metal foam sheets.
The possibility also existing is, at closed pore carrier, as insulator in the situation that, on the carrier of being made by metal foam or by metal oxide layer, constructs oxide skin(coating).
Guarantee on the one hand the wiring between solar cell and guarantee that on the other hand the connector of the lateral connector that is used for electric current to discharge is integrated in carrier from module, wherein said connector is especially isolated by insulating material and metallic carrier electricity.Connector can have desired cross section, to line resistance is kept littlely, and does not have the danger of cell fracture, because solar cell can not be placed on connector in the situation that departing from precognition structure.
Longitudinally depression can be when manufacturing carrier, also when being shaped, be constructed, or by processing afterwards, as by milling, polish or be pressed into and construct.
If front side contact solar cell is wired as module, in its front side, there is the electric drainager of especially being made by copper or aluminium.Described electric drainager is connected with the connector material extending in longitudinally caving in ordinatedly by Connection Element.At this, the Connection Element that contact site sends in the past extends along the relative longitudinal edge of each solar cell, or passes the perforation of solar cell.Independently to this, the possibility that realizes wiring by the Connection Element that in the past contact sites send via two has guaranteed: half that each Connection Element only must light conducting electric current, reduce thus electrical loss or need less connector intensity, this causes the less heating power load of solar cell.
Connector can be used as function filler rod and is put in longitudinal depression, and manufactures as semi-finished product.Therefore existing possibility is, manufactures in advance semi-finished product, and the carrier through assembling is correspondingly provided, and solar cell is placed on described carrier and is then electrically connected.
In other words, can manufacture following contact structures: the trend of these contact structures corresponds essentially to longitudinal depression of constructing in carrier.
It should be noted that dividually therewith and in carrier, may have following longitudinal depression, described longitudinal depression is not only parallel to each other, and has and make longitudinally depression rectangular trend each other.Therefore, first longitudinal depression can extend parallel to each other, and described first longitudinally caves in extends along the contact site being arranged in row parallel to each other.For by the contact site of identical conducting type, be also that contact site N-shaped conducting or p-type conducting is connected to each other, can about first longitudinally depression setting extend in parallel with it another longitudinally cave in, wherein this another longitudinally depression and first longitudinal depression cross each other.Therefore have a kind of pectination geometry, this pectination geometry also will be set forth according to embodiment.
Solar cell one after the other or assembling be arranged in groups on the tram on carrier, and is electrically connected to the connector respectively, wherein said connector has been arranged and has been positioned in longitudinal depression before.Preferably, connector can just be arranged in longitudinal depression in manufacturing in advance, and carrier can be used as semi-finished product.Therefore, with plain mode, opened up the possibility that solar cell is wired as to solar energy module.
Being connected preferably by bonding agent, carrying out as silicone adhesive, thermoplastics etc. between solar cell and carrier, wherein can carry out being connected with carrier or with the direct of insulating barrier.In the first possibility, insulating barrier has corresponding depression in the region being connected that should carry out between solar cell and carrier.By relevant therewith measure, additionally guarantee: solar cell extremely plane earth is placed on insulating barrier.
After location and fixed solar battery, thereon lamination for example by clear glass or other transparent materials, the covering made as plastics or resin glass complex.
Alternatively can installation frame.But this is optional.
Due to instruction according to the present invention, avoided the bothersome and intensive wiring of cost, because described wiring is integrated in carrier.Only must or be arranged on carrier arranging batteries thus.
By wiring is integrated in carrier body, can reduce battery minimum spacing, wherein additionally in the fringe region of carrier body, there is lateral connector to extend.
According to prior art, the connector of the copper strips form of solar cell wiring is limited to thickness and is roughly 200 μ m, to avoid cell fracture.
Owing to according to the present invention, connector being placed in carrier body, therefore put into connector can be embodied as sufficiently solid, also thicklyer than what mentioned before, make to minimize electrical loss.
According to prior art, the LED reverse mounting type easily breaking is laid by floating ground.According to the present invention, wafer can directly be fixed to carrier side or on the insulating barrier of carrier side extension, make mechanical force in carrier rather than wafer.
According to prior art, when using the carrier of being made by glass and plastics, there is bad heat radiation.And especially stipulate according to the present invention: metal foam, as carrier material, is made to guarantee that good thermal conductance goes out.Additionally, can be without problems, especially by integrated cooling duct or cooling water pipe, make carrier cooling, wherein such as the gas of air or such as the liquid of water, be conducted through described cooling duct or cooling water pipe.Can also fix without problems.
In addition, use metal foam sheets to cause, weight is compared and is reduced with known module construction.
Owing to having used the carrier of being made by metal foam, equally without problems integrated other device, as contact box, bypass diode.
Existing possibility is to insert unique connector in one or more longitudinal depressions.But in longitudinal depression, can have relative to each other and extend with respect to the first and second connectors of carrier electric insulation, wherein the first connector is connected with the first contact site of the solar cell extending along passage, and the second connector is connected with the second contact site of this solar cell, and the first and second connectors that extend in longitudinally caving in connect conductively at wiring point place.At this, connector can be arranged abreast or stackedly.
Therefore feature of the present invention is also, the Connection Element of the first contact site of solar cell is connected with the second connector below in the situation that the first and second connectors are stacked layout and through the first connector, described the first connector is compared with planar fashion and expanded with neighboring region at the corresponding penetration place of Connection Element.The not obvious sectional area that reduces the first connector thus.
Being eager to excel, mediation the present invention is distinctive to be also had, solar cell is dorsal part contact solar cell, being assigned first and second to each solar cell longitudinally caves in, the described pectination geometry that is longitudinally recessed to form, wherein the dorsal part contact site of solar cell is connected conductively with the first the first connector longitudinally extending in depression forming pectination geometry, and the front side contact site that is directed into the dorsal part of solar cell has second connector of second of pectination geometry in longitudinally caving in and is connected conductively with being arranged in.
Before mention the method for type feature be, carrier is constructed to intrinsic rigidity, in carrier during the manufacture of carrier or after manufacturing, a side of arranging solar energy in the above enters longitudinal depression, connector is placed in longitudinal depression, described connector is with respect to carrier electric insulation, and solar cell directly or by intermediate layer is placed on carrier by plane earth except the region of longitudinal depression, and then the first and second contact sites are connected with connector.
At this, especially stipulate: as carrier, use by electrical insulating material (as the material of being made by cellulose) or the carrier made by electric conducting material (as by metal foam), wherein at least longitudinally depression during fabrication or after manufacturing for example by machining, for example, as milling or Plastic Forming, as impression, construct by means of adding hot padding.
Regulation preferably: construct as a supplement one or more functional areas in carrier, as cooling duct, accommodation section, contact base, contact socket or permanent opening for bypass diode.
For in the situation that the carrier of being made by electric conducting material is avoided short circuit, the present invention's regulation: arrange the insulating barrier if desired with insulating fabrics or wool on plastics between solar cell and carrier, described insulating barrier has therein the perforation existing if desired, and wherein solar cell is connected with insulating barrier or carrier by the bonding agent through perforation, as silicone adhesive.
Independently to this, the insulating barrier of fabric or wool form can be embedded in cross-linked material (as EVA), thermoplastics, bonding agent (as propylene or epoxy adhesive) or in silicones, to guarantee uniform layer thickness.Carry out required connection the between insulating barrier and carrier simultaneously.At this, coordinate mutually in the amount of the material using and fabric or wool and thus its opening or hole, makes the thickness of layer corresponding to the thickness of fabric or wool.
Connector can be abreast and/or is arranged in stackedly and/or each other engaging-inly in longitudinal depression, wherein in the situation that be stacked the first and second connectors of layout, connector above preferably has the fragment of flattening, and described fragment is leading to the first or second contact site and is connected the Connection Element that maybe will connect with connector below and passes.Connector can dimensionally construct or lay.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Other details of the present invention, advantage and feature not only accessory rights specification, can draw from feature itself and/or its combination wherein learnt, but also from below to drawing in the description of the preferred embodiment that can learn from accompanying drawing.
Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the vertical view of solar energy module;
Fig. 2 shows the solar module being removed according to the solar cell of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows according to the details of the patch bay of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows the details of the carrier with connector;
Fig. 5 shows the block diagram with protection diode;
Fig. 6 shows the vertical view of the dorsal part contact solar cell that will be wired as module;
Fig. 7 show from dorsal part, observe according to the dorsal part contact solar cell of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 shows the dorsal part contact solar cell with first kind connector according to Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 shows according to the diagram of the connector with Second Type of Fig. 7;
Figure 10 shows another execution mode of dorsal part contact solar cell;
Figure 11 shows the dorsal part contact solar cell with connector according to Figure 10 with rearview;
Figure 12 shows according to the dorsal part contact solar cell of second execution mode with connector of observing from dorsal part of Figure 10;
Figure 13 shows according to the dorsal part contact solar cell of the principle trend with the connector moving towards along dorsal part of Figure 10;
Figure 14 shows the dorsal part contact solar cell of observing from dorsal part according to Figure 13; And
Figure 15 shows the carrier having for the contact structures of dorsal part contact solar cell.
Embodiment
Go up on principle the figure that uses same reference numerals for similar elements, the solar cell that is wired as module according to serial is set forth according to instruction of the present invention.
From the vertical view of Fig. 1, can learn corresponding module 10,---but not being limiting protecting scope ground---arranges that by four solar cells 12 also wiring is on carrier 14 wherein in an embodiment.
In the elaboration of this embodiment, as the material of carrier 14, enumerate metal foam, and not thus restricted root according to instruction of the present invention, but foamed material as preferred carrier materials due to intrinsic rigidity, good thermal conductivity and little weight and enumerated.
In this embodiment, solar cell 12 is front side contact solar cells, but is also applicable to dorsal part contact solar cell according to instruction of the present invention.
Front side contact solar cell 12 consists of the p-type silicon substrate wafer respectively with pn knot conventionally.In front side, grid is set to front side contact site, and this grid is by electric drainager 16,18(bus-bar) and current collector 20(grid refer to) form.At dorsal part, solar cell 12 has metal level especially made of aluminum, and this metal level has bus-bar or the weld pad being for example made from silver.As mentioned, solar cell can have corresponding or other structures, as the structure of learning from prior art.
In an embodiment, carrier 14 is by metal foam, especially aluminum metal foam is made, and in its surface, there is the passage 22 that is called as longitudinal depression, described passage 22 parallel with bus-bar 16,18 or outside solar cell 12 and/or under horizontal with it.Thus, should term " longitudinally depression " be understood as restrictive.
For to solar cell 12 wiring, the first and second connectors 24,26 extend in passage 22, and described connector is electrically insulated from each other, but connect conductively at wiring point place, so that by solar cell 12 serial wiring.
In addition, carrier 14 for example can have the cooling duct of indentation trend, wherein in Fig. 1, with dashed line view, has drawn the fragment 28 of described cooling duct.Cooling duct can be cooled liquid, as current warp, so that with required degree coolant carrier 14 and solar cell 12 thus.In opening area, module carrier can directly be flowed through.
In Fig. 3, with enlarged drawing, show the fragment of the trend of the first and second connectors 24,26, so that by solar cell 13,15 serial wiring.In this embodiment, the first connector 24 is connected with the dorsal part contact site of battery 13, and the second connector 26 is connected with the front side contact site of battery 15.
The second connector 26 of battery 13 is connected and ends at discontinuities 32 with the front side contact site of battery 13, and similarly, and the first connector 24 of battery 15 is connected with the dorsal part contact site of battery 15 and ends at discontinuities 30.
Therefore figure 3 illustrates the fragment 34,36 of the first connector 24 and the fragment 38,40 of the second connector 26, wherein fragment 34,38 is assigned to solar cell 15---or the first solar cell---and fragment 36,40 is assigned to solar cell 13---or the second solar cell.
For wiring, the fragment 38 of the second connector 26 and the fragment 36 of the first connector 24 that are connected with the front contact site of the first solar cell 15 are connected (contact position 42), make electric current from the first solar cell 15, to flow to ensuing the second solar cell 13 according to arrow 44.Correspondingly, all the other solar cells 12 that serial is arranged are by wiring.At the end of a line, the solar cell 12 that serial is arranged is connected by lateral connector 46,48,50, and wherein lateral connector 48,50 ends at binding post 52,54.
The first and second connectors 24,26 that extend in passage 22 are connected with dorsal part contact site or front contact site as below.
The in the past bus-bar 16,18 of contact site, Connection Element can along or through the respective edges 56,58 of solar cell 12, lead to the second connector 26.The possibility also existing is, in solar cell 12, structure runs through opening, described in run through opening and can be passed by corresponding Connection Element, to be connected conductively with the second connector 26.
Because Connection Element does not extend between the bearing-surface 60 of carrier 14 and solar cell 12, therefore solar cell 12 can be placed on the face 60 of carrier 14 flatly, avoid thus risk of rupture, wherein said risk of rupture otherwise exists in following situation: according to prior art, side contacts portion is extending in the region between the bearing-surface at itself and solar cell of dorsal part contact site between solar cell in succession each other to the Connection Element of dorsal part contact site in the past.
By the connector in passage 22 24,26 being arranged under the bearing-surface 60 of solar cell 12, can select the desired cross section that causes little electrical loss for connector 24,26.
Material fit between the bus-bar 16,18 of the second connector 26 or its fragment 38,40 and solar cell 12 be connected can be in common mode by welding (as ultrasonic bonding, induction soldering, laser welding) or undertaken by the connection of bonding form fit.
Then when the first and second connectors 24,26 are arranged in passage 22 and then solar cell 12 is positioned on the face 60 of carrier 14 in an orderly manner, connection is established.
The connection that correspondingly utilizes the first connector 24 or its fragment 34,36 to carry out between dorsal part contact site or bus-bar or weld pad, wherein the first connector 24 can have corresponding solder joint, described solder joint is outstanding from passage 22, makes with required degree, to have contact when settling solar cell 12.This also can or as a supplement by correspondingly constructing weld pad or bus-bar is realized on dorsal part.
According to Fig. 1, connector 24,26 is juxtaposed to each other and electric insulation relative to each other in passage 22.
But also the possibility of existence is, in passage 22, connector 24,26 is arranged stackedly, and this can learn in principle from Fig. 4.In this case, the first and second connectors 24,26 are electric insulation equally relative to each other, but the first connector 24 being connected with dorsal part contact site wherein is above flattened in region, than having larger plane extension in neighboring region, in described region, the first connector 24 is connected element and passes, and by described Connection Element bus-bar 16,18, is connected with the second connector 26.
This region in the first connector 24 characterizes with Reference numeral 61, and has the opening of running through 62, described in run through opening by unshowned Connection Element through and with respect to the first connector 24 electric insulations.By running through opening 62(hole) connection can weld to carry out by Sn.
According to Fig. 5 by pure principle explain, group 64 inverse parallels of protection diode 66 and solar cell 12 or solar cell 12, described protection diode 66 can be arranged in the respective recesses in carrier 14.Therefore, carrier 14 utilizing face to pass through corresponding device and not reduced.
Correspondingly, can be in carrier 14 binding post that conventionally needs of flat ground integrated solar module 12, as contact base, contact socket or other devices.
The first and second connectors 24,26 can be used as semi-finished product manufacture, and the corresponding insulator of described semi-finished product utilization is presented in carrier board 14, is more precisely presented in the passage 22 of wherein constructing.
The respective carrier 14 with the first and second connectors 24,26 and other devices can be used as the fabricated part of solar energy production and carries, and wherein solar cell 12 is positioned on the face 60 of carrier 14 and is then connected conductively with the first and second connectors 24,26.At this, the face 60 of carrier 14 has electric insulation layer or is configured to described electric insulation layer.Therefore, this surface can be made or respective metal oxide skin(coating) can be configured on this surface by dense oxide layer.
Also the possibility of existence is, lays the electric insulation layer being made of plastics, and described electric insulation layer comprises insulating fabrics or wool equally, to realize, strengthens.
By described measure, guaranteed solar cell 12 not by conductive carrier and by short circuit.
When the material of carrier is by electrical insulating material, while making as cardboard or paperboard, optional relevant for this measure.
First, solar cell 12 is fixed on carrier 14 and then and is connected with connector 24,26.This can be by carrying out on insulating barrier by the bonding agent for face not being electrically connected to of solar cell, as silicone adhesive or sticking thermoplastic plastics.
The possibility also existing is that solar cell 12 is directly connected with carrier 14.In this case, insulating barrier has perforation, in described perforation, inserts adhesive material.The advantage having relevant for this measure is, solar cell 12 is placed on insulating barrier all sidedly, and adhesive material does not cause unevenness.
Then, by being pressed onto on solar cell 12 by clear glass or other transparent materials, the cover layer made as plastics or plastic/glass complex, to the module 10 of making is provided.
If according to describing according to front contact solar cell before instruction of the present invention, can not regard thus restriction as.More properly,---also claiming back contact solar cell---also can be arranged on carrier by plane earth according to instruction of the present invention to be wired as the dorsal part contact solar cell of solar module, wherein want the connector between the solar cell of wiring to extend in longitudinal depression of carrier, described longitudinal depression can be constructed according to the elaboration of carrying out before.Consult thus the description of carrying out above.This is also applicable about used material and expansion scheme.
But unwanted in back contact solar cell situation, longitudinally in depression or direct longitudinal depression of extending, inserting two connectors under solar cell.More properly, longitudinally a connector in depression is just enough to wiring in principle.
In Fig. 6, with front view,---from corresponding front side 104,106---showing two wants the dorsal part of wiring to contact batteries 100,102.According to MWT(metal around logical) common constitution of dorsal part contact solar cell, in the substrate of solar cell 100,102 according to mode arrangement given in advance run through opening 108,110(is called for short boring), described run through opening with respect to the sill insulation of substrate by electric conducting material, passed, to the afflux metallization 112,114 extending on front side 104,106 is directed to dorsal part.The dorsal part contact site of metallization 112,114 insulate with respect to substrate and with respect to the dorsal part contact site preferably being formed by aluminium lamination.In principle, the insulation of boring in 108,110 at EWT(emitter around logical) be unwanted solar cell in the situation that.
Distribute to the through hole contact site finishing at dorsal part that runs through opening 108,110 characterizes with Reference numeral 120,122 in Fig. 7-9.
In order to collect electric current, on front side 102,104, there is metallization 112,114, described metallization 112,114 consists of the finger for example radially extending with respect to described through hole contact site, and described finger can clearly identification from draw.But consult thus fully known structure.
According to prior art, the through hole contact site of dorsal part series connection and that extend to solar cell 100,102 connects by bus-bar 124,126, described bus-bar 124,126 with respect to back-side metallization portion, be 116,118 insulation of dorsal part contact site.According to the embodiment of Fig. 7-9, dorsal part contact site 116,118 is in order to have in the fringe region of solar cell 100,102 and the linear contact site 128,130 extending transverse to bus-bar 124,126 to solar cell 100,102 wiring, described linear contact site 128,130 is equivalent to bus-bar.The bus-bar 124,126 that through hole contact site 108,110 is connected is in the situation that the contact site that the substrate based on p-type and thus front side emitter are N-shaped contact site and dorsal part is p-type contact site.
For to solar cell 100,102 wiring, according to the embodiment of Fig. 8, the existence of moving towards according to bus-bar 124,126,128,130 in unshowned carrier is longitudinally caved in, in described longitudinal depression, according to Fig. 8, insert connector 132,134, described connector have pectination geometry, be the pin 140,142 of horizontal pin 136,138 and perpendicular extension.The number of pin 140,142 is corresponding to the number of the bus-bar 124,126 of connecting through hole contact site.The depression of holding described connector in connector 132,134 or carrier is extended like this, make in the situation that be placed in the solar cell 100,102 on carrier, the bus-bar 122,124 extending on the dorsal part of solar cell 100 is on longitudinal pin 140,142.
Then, solar cell 102 is positioned as the bus-bar 130 of dorsal part contact site and the horizontal pin 136 of connector 132 is connected conductively.Therefore, solar cell 100,102 is connected.Correspondingly, be assigned to solar cell 102 connector 134 horizontal pin 138 with to be arranged in the solar cell wiring under solar cell 102 in the accompanying drawings.
Be alternative in the pectinate texture that can learn from Fig. 8, the possibility also existing is, by the connector 144,148 that only extends in parallel, by solar cell 100,102 wiring, wherein distribute to solar cell 100 and the connector 144 that extends is connected conductively with the bus-bar 130 of solar cell 102 in the depression of carrier.Thus accompanying drawing be also itself clearly.
From Figure 10-12, can learn another execution mode of dorsal part contact solar cell 200,202, wherein run through opening 208,210 and be only arranged to two row, and metallization is that the linear finger 204,206 moving towards forms by take through the through hole contact site that runs through opening 208,210, described linear finger 204,206 should substantially vertically intersect with the equipotential lines of surrounding through hole contact site.
Therefore by running through opening 208,210, be arranged to two row, by the decreased number of the bus-bar extending along dorsal part, be correspondingly two and simplified wiring.At this, dorsal part contact solar cell 200,202 carrys out wiring, according to Figure 11, by connector 232, carrys out wiring according to the diagram of Fig. 8 and 9, this connector 232 consists of two longitudinal pin 244 vertical with this horizontal pin by horizontal pin 240 and according to the number of bus-bar, described longitudinal heel according to being placed in unshowned carrier about Fig. 8 and 9 elaborations of carrying out, in its groove (longitudinally depression) and be then that solar cell 200,202 is connected.
At this, solar cell 202 is positioned as with respect to the connector 232 that is assigned to solar cell 200, makes dorsal part contact site or p-type contact site and the horizontal pin 240 of bus-bar 230 contact-connection assembly for electric 232 that extend along the top edge of solar cell 202 thus.
According to Figure 12, use two connectors that extend parallel to each other 244, by described connector 244, the bus-bar 230(p type contact site of the bus-bar of solar cell 200 (N-shaped contact site) and solar cell 202) be connected.
From Figure 13,14, draw another wiring possibility.Therefore, what extend in parallel with the bus-bar 250,252 that the through hole contact site of solar cell 200,202 is connected is the banded bus-bar 254,256 of dorsal part contact site, itself otherwise in the respective recesses of the back contact made of aluminum 216,218 of solar cell 200,202 especially, extend, or for example by means of ultrasonic bonding, be placed on aluminium lamination.In order to be connected with the bus-bar 258,260 of p-type contact site as solar cell 202 belonging to solar cell 200 and bus-bar 250,252 that the through hole contact site of the N-shaped contact site of solar cell 200 is connected, use connector 262,264, described connector 262,264 consists of two fragments of extending each other 266,268 respectively in this embodiment with staggering, wherein fragment 266 insulate with respect to the bus-bar of connecting through hole contact site with respect to stratum dorsale, also i.e. especially aluminium lamination 216 insulation, and fragment 268 in an embodiment.Draw S shape or the Z-shaped trend of the elongation of each connector 262,264.
The possibility also existing is, use the connector of pectination geometry, longitudinal pin that described connector has horizontal pin and extends in its both sides, wherein longitudinal pin of a side and the first bus-bar extending in parallel, be connected as the p-type contact site of the first solar cell, and longitudinal pin of opposite side and the second bus-bar extending in parallel, as being connected with the N-shaped contact site of the second solar cell of the first solar cell wiring.
From the schematic diagram of Figure 15, learn, in the situation that be wired as the dorsal part contact solar cell 319,321,323,325 of module, according to the present invention, in carrier 14, in longitudinal depression of structure, only must arrange respectively in principle a connector.From this figure, can learn the carrier 14 having respectively with longitudinal recess groups 302,304,306,308 of pectinate texture, wherein first longitudinal depression 312,314 extends parallel to each other, and second longitudinal depression 316,318 and first longitudinally depression is vertically extended and is crossed each other, as shown in the drawing.In corresponding first and second longitudinal depressions 312,314,316,318, then insert the contact structures that formed by connector, these contact structures have pectination geometry equally.Corresponding connector characterizes by black lines, and is for example equipped with Reference numeral 320,322,324.
The strip connector 320 that forms like that as mentioned pectination geometry of using in accompanying drawing upper right side is for example connected with the N-shaped contact site extending at dorsal part of dorsal part contact solar cell 319 shown in broken lines, and leads to the binding post 330 that is arranged in the module that the solar cell 319,321,323,325 by institute's wiring on carrier 14 forms.P-type contact site is connected with the second connector 322 that forms pectinate texture, engaging-in with reference to the accompanying drawings the first contact structures of this second connector 322.
For by solar cell 319 with below and in solar cell 321 wiring shown in accompanying drawing lower right, this solar cell 321 navigates to equally has pectination geometry and each other in engaging-in longitudinal depression, the connector equally with pectination geometry longitudinally extends in depression at these respectively.At this, the connector 324 of the N-shaped contact site of contact solar cell 321 is connected conductively with the connector 322 of the p-type contact site of contact solar cell 319, as shown in figure 15.
Give other solar cell 323,325 the same longitudinal depression with pectination geometry of distributing, the connector being connected conductively with p-type contact site or N-shaped contact site extends in described longitudinal depression, has given elaboration before this.In other words, the pectination contact structures p-type contact site connected to one another that passes through of solar cell 321 is connected with the N-shaped contact site of solar cell 323.The p-type contact site of described solar cell 323 is connected with the N-shaped contact site of solar cell 325 by pectination contact structures.Then the N-shaped contact site that pectination contact structures connect that passes through of solar cell 325 leads to binding post 332.Thus, Figure 15 be itself clearly and show, engaging-in pectination contact structures are assigned to respectively solar cell each other, to connect conductively N-shaped or p-type contact site.
From the schematic diagram of Figure 15, draw have respectively each in first and second longitudinally cave in of unique connector longitudinally in depression, to extend, this connector is with respect to carrier 14 electric insulations.
Claims (22)
1. a solar module (10), comprises the solar cell (12,13,15,100 in a side that is arranged in carrier (14), 102,200,202,319,321,323,325), described solar cell (12,13,15,100,102,200,202,319,321,323,325) by means of connector (24,26,132,134,232,262,264) wiring
It is characterized in that,
Described carrier is intrinsic rigidity, in described carrier and from above, be furnished with solar cell (12, 13, 15, 100, 102, 200, 202, 319, 321, 323, 325) that side structure is depression (22) longitudinally, in described longitudinal depression and vertical the extending upward of described longitudinal depression, insert connector (24, 26, 132, 134, 232, 262, 264), described connector is with respect to described carrier electric insulation, and solar cell (12, 13, 15, 100, 102, 200, 202, 319, 321, 323, 325) described longitudinal depression outerplanar ground or substantially plane earth be arranged on described carrier or the layer that extends on described carrier on.
2. solar module according to claim 1 (10), wherein solar cell (12,13,15) is located by means of electric connector (24,26) wiring at wiring point (42),
It is characterized in that,
At least in some of longitudinal depression (22), arrange two connectors (24,26), described connector (24,26) outside wiring point (42) relative to each other and with respect to carrier (14) electric insulation.
3. solar module according to claim 1 and 2,
It is characterized in that,
Carrier (14) is by electrical insulating material, especially made from the material of following group by least one: cellulose, waste paper is as cardboard or paperboard, plastic foam, pottery, glass, glass foam or combination, as described in the circuit board of at least two kinds in material.
4. solar module according to claim 1 and 2,
It is characterized in that,
Carrier (14) is made by electric conducting material, especially by metal foam, is made, and preferably by aluminum foam, zinc foam or copper foam, is made, wherein mixed magnesium if desired.
5. the solar module one of at least described according to aforementioned claim,
It is characterized in that,
Electric insulation layer is at solar cell (12,13,15) extend and between carrier (14), described electric insulation layer by the oxide skin(coating) of the surface structure of described carrier or be coated in that layer that this lip-deep oxide skin(coating) makes or be made of plastics is made or the glassy layer of splash, as phosphorus glass layer.
6. the solar module one of at least described according to aforementioned claim,
It is characterized in that,
Electric insulation layer is at carrier (14) and solar cell (12,13,15) between, extend, described electric insulation layer has opening, in described opening, there is adhesives that described solar cell is connected with described carrier, as silicone adhesive, or the adhesives that existence is connected described solar cell with described carrier on described layer.
7. the solar module one of at least described according to aforementioned claim,
It is characterized in that,
Relative to each other and with respect to the first and second connectors (24 of carrier (14) electric insulation, 26) longitudinally in depression (22), extending, first connector (24) of the first polarity be arranged in the solar cell (12 on described carrier, 13, 15) the first contact site connects, and the second contact site (16 of same described first opposite polarity second polarity of the second connector (26) and described solar cell, 18) connect, and the first and second connectors that extend in longitudinally cave in (22) are located to connect conductively at wiring point (42), make described solar cell series connection.
8. the solar module one of at least described according to aforementioned claim,
It is characterized in that,
The first and second connectors (24,26) at least piecewise are arranged in longitudinal depression (22) abreast and/or stackedly.
9. according to solar module at least claimed in claim 8,
It is characterized in that,
Solar cell (12,13,15) the first contact site (16,18) Connection Element be stacked the first and second connectors (24 of layout, 26) the second connector (24) being positioned in situation below connects and passes the first connector (24), and described the first connector (24) is located to compare with planar fashion and expand with the region of adjacency at the corresponding penetration (6) of Connection Element.
10. the solar module one of at least described according to aforementioned claim,
It is characterized in that,
In carrier (14), be configured to the accommodation section of electric parts and/or device, described electric parts are as the bypass diode with solar cell (12,13,15) wiring, and described device is as contact base or contact socket and/or cooling duct.
11. solar modules one of at least described according to aforementioned claim,
It is characterized in that,
Solar cell (12,13,15) is by the lateral connector wiring of extending in the fringe region of carrier.
12. solar modules one of at least described according to aforementioned claim,
It is characterized in that,
At solar cell (12,13,15) the relative fringe region (56 of difference, 58) in, Connection Element in the past side contacts portion (16,18) sets out, described Connection Element and the first or second connector (24,26) connect, wherein said Connection Element extends or passes the opening that runs through of described solar cell outside described solar cell.
13. according to solar module at least claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
Solar cell is dorsal part contact solar cell (100, 102, 200, 202, 319, 321, 323, 325), being assigned first and second to each solar cell longitudinally caves in, described first and second are longitudinally recessed to form pectination geometry, wherein the dorsal part contact site of solar cell is connected conductively with the first connector extending in the first longitudinal depression that forms pectination geometry, and the front side contact site that is directed into the dorsal part of described solar cell is connected conductively with the second connector being arranged in second longitudinal depression with pectination geometry.
14. 1 kinds for having the solar cell (12,13,15 of the first and second contact sites, 100,102,200,202,319,321,323,325) be wired as the method for module (10), wherein said solar cell is arranged in a side of carrier (14) with dorsal part, described carrier (14) has the first and second electric connectors (24,26), by described electric connector (24,26), described solar cell utilizes its first and second contact site to be interconnected
It is characterized in that,
Carrier (14) is constructed to intrinsic rigidity, in described carrier, during it is manufactured or after manufacturing, from above, be furnished with solar cell (12, 13, 15, 100, 102, 200, 202, 319, 321, 323, 325) that side enters longitudinal depression (22, 136, 138, 140, 142), in described longitudinal depression, insert connector (24, 26), described connector (24, 26) with respect to described carrier electric insulation, directly or by intermediate layer the region except longitudinal depression is placed on described carrier by plane earth with other places described solar cell, and then the first and second contact sites are connected with described connector.
15. methods according to claim 14,
It is characterized in that,
As carrier, use electrical insulating material or from least one material of following group: cellulose, waste paper as cardboard or paperboard, plastic foam, pottery, glass, glass foam or as described in the combination of at least two kinds in material, or use electric conducting material, as the carrier of being made by metal foam, wherein at least described depression during fabrication or after manufacturing by machining for example, for example, as milling or Plastic Forming, construct by means of hot padding.
16. according to the method described in claims 14 or 15,
It is characterized in that,
In described carrier, construct one or more functional areas, as cooling duct, accommodation section, contact base, contact socket or permanent opening for bypass diode.
17. according to claim 14 to 16 one of at least described methods,
It is characterized in that,
Between described solar cell and described carrier, arrange the insulating barrier made by oxide or arrange if desired the insulating barrier being made of plastics with insulating fabrics or wool, wherein said solar cell and described insulating barrier or with described carrier by passing the bonding agent of the perforation in insulating barrier, being connected as silicone adhesive.
18. according to claim 14 to 17 one of at least described methods,
It is characterized in that,
The first and second connectors are presented in described longitudinal depression as semi-finished product.
19. according to claim 14 to 18 one of at least described methods,
It is characterized in that,
The first and second connectors are arranged in depression abreast or stackedly, wherein in the situation that be stacked the first and second connectors of layout, connector above preferably has the fragment of flattening, and described fragment is leading to the first or second contact site and is connected the Connection Element that maybe will connect with connector below and passes.
20. according to claim 14 to 19 one of at least described methods,
It is characterized in that,
In described carrier, construct the depression of pectination geometry, described pectination geometry has longitudinal pin of horizontal pin and perpendicular extension,
In comb-shaped recess, in the mode of geometric match, arrange the connector (132,134) with pectination geometry,
For to dorsal part contact solar cell wiring in succession each other, the through hole contact site of described solar cell or the bus-bar (124,126) that connects described through hole contact site are aligned in to the junction fragment extending in longitudinal pin of described depression, and
By the horizontal pin of described connector with to be connected with the dorsal part contact site of second solar cell (102) of the first solar cell (100) wiring.
21. according to claim 14 to 19 one of at least described methods,
It is characterized in that,
For to the first and second dorsal part contact solar cells (200,202) wiring, described dorsal part contact solar cell (200,202) by thering is the fragment (266 of extending each other with staggering, 268) connector (262) connects, wherein the first fragment is connected with the N-shaped contact site of the first solar cell and remaining fragment is connected with the p-type contact site of the second solar cell, or contrary.
22. according to claim 14 to 19 one of at least described methods,
It is characterized in that,
The first and second solar cells are by having the connector wiring of pectination geometry, described connector has horizontal pin and the longitudinal pin extending in its both sides, wherein longitudinal pin of a side is connected with the N-shaped contact site extending parallel to each other of the first solar cell and longitudinal pin of opposite side and the p-type contact site extending parallel to each other of the second solar cell are connected, or contrary.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011050795 | 2011-06-01 | ||
| DE102011050795.7 | 2011-06-01 | ||
| DE102011055754.7A DE102011055754B4 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2011-11-28 | Solar cell module and method for connecting solar cells |
| DE102011055754.7 | 2011-11-28 | ||
| PCT/EP2012/060025 WO2012163908A2 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2012-05-29 | Solar cell module and method for connecting solar cells |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103650154A true CN103650154A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
| CN103650154B CN103650154B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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| CN106653879A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-05-10 | 中山瑞科新能源有限公司 | Multi-parallel low-on-voltage thin film battery pack |
| CN107851673A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2018-03-27 | 韩华Qcells有限公司 | Solar energy module with central interconnection |
| CN113382973A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-09-10 | Lpkf激光电子股份公司 | Method for producing a glass-plastic connection |
| CN113471362A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-10-01 | 宣城先进光伏技术有限公司 | Interconnection process method of perovskite battery |
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| CN113471362A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-10-01 | 宣城先进光伏技术有限公司 | Interconnection process method of perovskite battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012163908A3 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
| DE102011055754B4 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
| DE102011055754A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
| EP2715795A2 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
| WO2012163908A2 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
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