CN103647085A - Lithium ion battery negative current collector material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery negative current collector material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103647085A CN103647085A CN201310706139.3A CN201310706139A CN103647085A CN 103647085 A CN103647085 A CN 103647085A CN 201310706139 A CN201310706139 A CN 201310706139A CN 103647085 A CN103647085 A CN 103647085A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0635—Carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0421—Methods of deposition of the material involving vapour deposition
- H01M4/0423—Physical vapour deposition
- H01M4/0426—Sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lithium ion battery negative current collector material. The lithium ion battery negative current collector material comprises a metal copper foil, wherein the surface of the metal copper foil is coated with a silicon carbide layer, and the thickness of the silicon carbide layer is 0.003mm to 0.009mm. The material is prepared by adopting a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering process in a physical vapor deposition method. The process conditions are as follows: the silicon carbide is used as a sputtering target, the metal copper foil is used as a sputtering base material, argon is introduced, the frequency of a radio-frequency power supply is 30MHz to 50MHz, the acceleration voltage is 300V to 500V, the magnetic field is 50G to 200G, the air pressure is 1mTorr to 5mTorr, the current density is 30mA/cm to 50mA/cm, the power density is 20W/cm to 40W/cm, the distance between the sputtering target and the sputtering base material is 50mm to 100mm, and the speed of the base material is 20m/min to 30m/min.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of negative current collector material and preparation method, relate in particular to a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode and preparation method.
Background technology
At present, at current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode, mainly use Copper Foil, Copper Foil has good electric conductivity, but in battery practical work process, there is defect as negative current collector in Copper Foil: 1) metal copper foil surface is easily oxidized, affect its conductivity, affect the adhesive property of cathode size and Copper Foil; 2) battery in use, the metal copper foil surface simple substance lithium dendrite arm that is easy to grow, this lowers the security performance of battery, shorten useful life, thereby limited in the application in electrokinetic cell field.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of security performance that can improve battery, reduce the internal resistance of battery, improve the current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode of battery.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode, comprise metal copper foil, and it is characterized in that: metal copper foil surface is covered with silicon carbide layer, silicon carbide layer thickness is 0.003-0.009mm.
A kind of preparation method of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode, adopt the rf magnetron sputtering technique in physical gas-phase deposite method to prepare material, its process conditions are: take carborundum as sputtering target, metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 30-50MHz, accelerating voltage is 300-500V, magnetic field is 50-200G, air pressure is 1-5mTorr, and current density is 30-50mA/cm, and power density is 20-40W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 50-100mm, and the speed of base material is 20-30m/min.
In the method, after described rf magnetron sputtering technique, then heat-treat, in heat treatment, have the environment of reducible metal.
In the method, after described rf magnetron sputtering technique, then heat-treat, in heat treatment process, have argon gas atmosphere protection.
In the method, described heat treated temperature is 300-500 ℃, insulation 5-12 hour.
In the method, at rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.009mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, passes into argon gas, and the vacuum degree of operating room is 1 mTorr, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 30 MHz, and accelerating voltage is 300V, and magnetic field is about 50G, current density is 30mA/cm, power density is 20W/cm, and the distance between sputtering target and base material is 50mm, and the speed of base material is 20m/min, at surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer of Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.003mm; To being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises CO and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 300 ℃ again, is incubated 12 hours.
In the method, at rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.012mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, passes into argon gas, and the vacuum degree of operating room is 5 mTorr, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 50MHz, and accelerating voltage is 500V, and magnetic field is about 200G, current density is 50mA/cm, power density is 40W/cm, and the distance between sputtering target and base material is 100mm, and the speed of base material is 30m/min, at surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer of Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.009mm; To being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises CO and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 500 ℃ again, is incubated 5 hours.
In the method, at rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.010mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, passes into argon gas, and the vacuum degree of operating room is 3 mTorr, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 40MHz, and accelerating voltage is 400V, and magnetic field is about 100G, current density is 40mA/cm, power density is 30W/cm, and the distance between sputtering target and base material is 80mm, and the speed of base material is 25m/min, at surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer of Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.005mm; To being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises CO and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 400 ℃ again, is incubated 7 hours.
Advantageous effect of the present invention is: (1) adopts the surface of invention to be covered with the metal copper foil material of silicon carbide layer, when application and lithium ion negative current collector material, improved Copper Foil electric conductivity, strengthen Copper Foil at battery operated middle sludge proof chemical property, corrosion resistant performance, thereby improved the security performance of battery.(2) adopt the metal copper foil material that is covered with silicon carbide layer of the present invention, when for current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode, because having improved its electric conductivity, so reduced internal resistance.(3) the preferred rf magnetron sputtering process deposits of the present invention silicon carbide layer, other physical gas-phase deposite method relatively, in the time of radio-frequency power supply, having the sub-fraction time is the electric charge accumulating on offset target, can not target occur poisoning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circulating battery capability retention contrast test result figure;
Fig. 2 is internal resistance of cell contrast test result figure;
Fig. 3 is battery positive electrode active material gram volume contrast test result figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described:
The present invention as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3,
At rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.009mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, the vacuum degree of operating room is 1 mTorr, and radio-frequency power supply frequency is 30 MHz, accelerating voltage: 300V, magnetic field is approximately: 50G, current density: 30mA/cm, power density: 20W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 50mm, the speed of base material is 20m/min, and at surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer of Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.003mm; To being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises carbon monoxide (CO) and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 300 ℃, is incubated 12 hours again.
Adopt said method to prepare copper foil surface and be covered with silicon carbide layer, the thickness of carborundum is 0.003mm.That uses respectively the present embodiment covers carborundum Copper Foil and common Copper Foil as lithium ion battery negative collector, and all the other techniques are the same, are prepared into lithium ion battery.Under the same conditions, test respectively the circulation volume conservation rate of two kinds of batteries, the results are shown in accompanying drawing 1.
By Fig. 1, can be seen, adopt the Copper Foil of the present embodiment to be covered with silicon carbide layer as the lithium ion battery of negative current collector material, its circulation volume conservation rate is apparently higher than usining the conservation rate of common Copper Foil as the lithium ion battery of negative current collector, and the service life cycle of this kind of battery improves.
Embodiment 2
At rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.012mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, the vacuum degree of operating room is 5 mTorr, and radio-frequency power supply frequency is 50MHz, accelerating voltage: 500V, magnetic field is approximately: 200G, current density: 50mA/cm, power density: 40W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 100mm, the speed of base material is 30m/min, and at surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer of Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.009mm; To being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises carbon monoxide (CO) and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 500 ℃, is incubated 5 hours again.
Adopt said method to prepare copper foil surface and be covered with silicon carbide layer, the thickness of carborundum is 0.009mm.That uses respectively the present embodiment covers carborundum Copper Foil and common Copper Foil as lithium ion battery negative collector, and all the other techniques are the same, are prepared into lithium ion battery.Under the same conditions, test respectively the internal resistance of two kinds of batteries, the results are shown in accompanying drawing 2.
By Fig. 2, can be seen, adopt the Copper Foil of the present embodiment to be covered with silicon carbide layer as the lithium ion battery of negative current collector material, its internal resistance is less as the internal resistance of the lithium ion battery of negative current collector than usining common Copper Foil, and the electrical property of the former battery is better than the latter.
Embodiment 3
At rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.010mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, the vacuum degree of operating room is 3 mTorr, and radio-frequency power supply frequency is 40MHz, accelerating voltage: 400V, magnetic field is approximately: 100G, current density: 40mA/cm, power density: 30W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 80mm, the speed of base material is 25m/min, and at surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer of Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.005mm; To being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises carbon monoxide (CO) and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 400 ℃, is incubated 7 hours again.
Adopt said method to prepare copper foil surface and be covered with silicon carbide layer, the thickness of carborundum is 0.005mm.That uses respectively the present embodiment covers carborundum Copper Foil and common Copper Foil as lithium ion battery negative collector, and all the other techniques are the same, are prepared into lithium ion battery.Under the same conditions, test respectively the positive active material gram volume of two kinds of batteries, the results are shown in accompanying drawing 3.
By Fig. 3, can be seen, adopt the Copper Foil of the present embodiment to be covered with silicon carbide layer as the lithium ion battery of negative current collector material, its positive active material gram volume is higher as the positive active material gram volume of the lithium ion battery of negative current collector than usining common Copper Foil.
Silicon carbide layer is combined tightr with parent metal Copper Foil, improves the physical property of metal copper foil.
Claims (8)
1. a current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode, comprises metal copper foil, it is characterized in that: metal copper foil surface is covered with silicon carbide layer, and silicon carbide layer thickness is 0.003-0.009mm.
2. the preparation method of a current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode, it is characterized in that: adopt the rf magnetron sputtering technique in physical gas-phase deposite method to prepare material, its process conditions are: take carborundum as sputtering target, metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 30-50MHz, accelerating voltage is 300-500V, magnetic field is 50-200G, air pressure is 1-5mTorr, and current density is 30-50mA/cm, and power density is 20-40W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 50-100mm, and the speed of base material is 20-30m/min.
3. the preparation method of a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode according to claim 2, is characterized in that: after described rf magnetron sputtering technique, then heat-treat, have the environment of reducible metal in heat treatment.
4. the preparation method of a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode according to claim 2, is characterized in that: after described rf magnetron sputtering technique, then heat-treat, have argon gas atmosphere protection in heat treatment process.
5. according to the preparation method of a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: described heat treated temperature is 300-500 ℃ insulation 5-12 hour.
6. according to the preparation method of a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: at rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.009mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, the vacuum degree of operating room is 1 mTorr, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 30 MHz, accelerating voltage is 300V, magnetic field is about 50G, current density is 30mA/cm, power density is 20W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 50mm, the speed of base material is 20m/min, surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer at Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.003mm, to being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises CO and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 300 ℃ again, is incubated 12 hours.
7. according to the preparation method of a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: at rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.012mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, the vacuum degree of operating room is 5 mTorr, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 50MHz, accelerating voltage is 500V, magnetic field is about 200G, current density is 50mA/cm, power density is 40W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 100mm, the speed of base material is 30m/min, surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer at Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.009mm, to being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises CO and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 500 ℃ again, is incubated 5 hours.
8. according to the preparation method of a kind of current collector material of lithium ion battery negative electrode described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: at rf magnetron sputtering, take carborundum as sputtering target, thickness is that 0.010mm metal copper foil is sputter base material, pass into argon gas, the vacuum degree of operating room is 3 mTorr, radio-frequency power supply frequency is 40MHz, accelerating voltage is 400V, magnetic field is about 100G, current density is 40mA/cm, power density is 30W/cm, distance between sputtering target and base material is 80mm, the speed of base material is 25m/min, surperficial deposition one deck silicon carbide layer at Copper Foil, the thickness of sedimentary deposit is 0.005mm, to being covered with the Copper Foil of silicon carbide layer, in the heat-treatment furnace of the mixed atmosphere that comprises CO and argon gas, heat-treat, heat treated temperature is 400 ℃ again, is incubated 7 hours.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103928686A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-16 | 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 | Self-scattering current collector, electrodes and lithium battery with current collector and application of current collector |
| CN106374080A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-01 | 东莞力朗电池科技有限公司 | Cylindrical lithium ion battery positive electrode sheet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107369810A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-11-21 | 深圳鑫智美科技有限公司 | A kind of negative current collector, its preparation method and its application |
| CN104701481B (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2018-07-24 | 神工光电科技有限公司 | Lithium ion cell polar ear and preparation method thereof |
| CN110165303A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-23 | 天津瑞晟晖能科技有限公司 | Secondary cell and preparation method thereof, electrical equipment |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110165303A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-23 | 天津瑞晟晖能科技有限公司 | Secondary cell and preparation method thereof, electrical equipment |
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