CN103646757B - Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor - Google Patents
Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103646757B CN103646757B CN201310719617.4A CN201310719617A CN103646757B CN 103646757 B CN103646757 B CN 103646757B CN 201310719617 A CN201310719617 A CN 201310719617A CN 103646757 B CN103646757 B CN 103646757B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 41
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 98
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor.This transformer comprises the first coil, the second coil and iron core.This iron core comprises: secured core, and the first coil is arranged on secured core; And rotary iron core, be configured to rotate with rotating shaft under external force drives, the second coil is wrapped on rotary iron core around the axis of rotary iron core.Wherein, secured core and rotary iron core are configured at least part of period rotated with rotating shaft at rotary iron core, rotary iron core two end faces in the axial direction and the opposite face vicinity of secured core, thus making secured core and rotary iron core form closed magnetic circuit, closed magnetic circuit is through the first coil and the second coil.When use this transformer to rotate the rotating part (excitation unit of such as synchronous generator or synchronous motor) of electrical system electric energy is provided time, do not need to use brush and collector ring, need not excitation step by step, system configuration is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor.
Background technology
In electricity field, under a lot of scene, the electrical system to pivoting is needed to provide electric energy.The rotor of such as synchronous generator and synchronous motor needs to use electric energy to carry out excitation.
Below for synchronous generator, be described.
At present, powerful synchronous generator needs very strong exciting current.
Tradition excitation mode has DC exciter excitation, AC exciter excitation.Two kinds of modes all need to use the way of contact of brush and collector ring that extraneous electric current is introduced rotor.In addition, the manufacture of these two kinds of exciters is also all subject to the restriction of power.
Now, mostly static excitation mode and rotary brushless excitation mode is adopted.But also still there are some problems separately in these two kinds of modes.
When adopting static excitation mode, excitation transformer is static.Alternating current is drawn from excitation transformer secondary.This alternating current produces direct current through rectifier bridge rectification.The direct current produced then needs just can be incorporated in rotor field coil through collector ring brush.And using the way of contact of brush and collector ring under big current, easily occur various problem, care and maintenance is complicated, and workload is large.
When adopting interchange rotating excitation mode, needing the special revolving-armature type alternator that manufactures as main exciter, and needing pilot exciter to provide exciting current for it.When carrying out excitation for powerful synchronous generator, need multistage exciter system.The alternating current produced by the rotor coil of the generator as previous stage exciter is supplied to the generator as rear stage exciter as exciting current.(multistage) exciter system is coaxially arranged with the synchronous generator as final excitation object, thus avoids the way of contact of brush and collector ring.But this multistage exciter system configuration is complicated, and cost is high, and dynamic property is bad, and demagnetization is slow.
In sum, a kind of improvement project that electric energy can be provided to the rotating part rotated in electrical system is also needed at present.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improvement project that electric energy can be provided to the rotating part rotated in electrical system.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of transformer, comprise the first coil, the second coil and iron core.This iron core comprises: secured core, and the first coil is arranged on secured core; And rotary iron core, be configured to rotate with rotating shaft under external force drives, the second coil is wrapped on rotary iron core around the axis of rotary iron core.Wherein, secured core and rotary iron core are configured at least part of period rotated with rotating shaft at rotary iron core, rotary iron core two end faces in the axial direction and the opposite face vicinity of secured core, thus making secured core and rotary iron core form closed magnetic circuit, closed magnetic circuit is through the first coil and the second coil.
Alternatively, the axis of rotary iron core overlaps with the center line of rotating shaft, secured core comprises two axial end portions and at least one arm portions, arm portions connects two axial end portions, the inner surface of axial end portion is relative with the end face of rotary iron core, and the first coil is wrapped on the bossing inside at least one axial end portion or at least one arm portions.
Alternatively, the axis of rotary iron core overlaps with the center line of rotating shaft, secured core comprises two axial end portions and cylindrical portion, cylindrical portion connects two axial end portions, and around rotary iron core, the inner surface of axial end portion is relative with the end face of rotary iron core, and the first coil is wrapped on the bossing inside at least one axial end portion, or is embedded in cylindrical portion.
Alternatively, this transformer comprises the secured core of multiple rotary iron core and equal number, each secured core is provided with the first coil, each rotary iron core is provided with the second coil, the secured core of multiple rotary iron core and equal number is arranged to the center line Rotational Symmetry about rotating shaft, each secured core comprises two axial end portions and at least one arm portions, arm portions connects two axial end portions, secured core and rotary iron core are provided so that multiple rotary iron core can synchronously rotate with rotating shaft, first coil is wrapped on the bossing inside at least one axial end portion or at least one arm portions, when multiple rotary iron core rotates around the shaft, the end face of each rotary iron core is relative with the inner surface of the axial end portion of in multiple secured core successively, thus in end face period relative to inner surface, rotary iron core is made to form closed magnetic circuit with corresponding secured core.
Alternatively, this transformer comprises multiple voltage transformation unit, and each voltage transformation unit comprises above-mentioned first coil, above-mentioned second coil, above-mentioned secured core and above-mentioned rotary iron core respectively.Multiple voltage transformation unit is serially connected in rotating shaft successively, and the axis of each rotary iron core is overlapped with the center line of rotating shaft.
Alternatively, three the first coils are connected by star-like connection or triangle.Alternatively, three the second coils are connected by star-like connection or triangle.
Alternatively, the output lead of the second coil is drawn along rotating shaft.
Alternatively, rotating shaft is hollow, and the output lead of the second coil is drawn from rotating shaft inside.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of excitation unit for synchronous generator or synchronous electric motor rotor is provided.This excitation unit comprises field circuit and above-mentioned according to transformer of the present invention, and this transformer is used for providing electric current to field circuit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of synchronous generator or synchronous motor is provided.This synchronous generator or synchronous motor comprise rotor; For the field circuit of this rotor, be fixed to this rotor; Above-mentioned according to transformer of the present invention, this transformer is used for providing electric current to field circuit.Wherein the rotating shaft of this rotor is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the transformer of excitation unit.
Preferably, this synchronous generator or synchronous motor can also comprise shaft coupling, for the rotating shaft of coupled rotor and the rotating shaft of transformer.Shaft coupling can comprise the Part I for connecting with the rotating shaft of rotor and the Part II for connecting with the rotating shaft of transformer.Part I and Part II can be fixed connection.
Part II can be made up of nonmagnetic substance.Or, also layer of non-magnetic material can be set between the first and second.Like this, the magnetic line of force can be avoided to extend along rotor shaft direction and cause the magnetic line of force to lose.
When use transformer according to the present invention provides electric energy to the rotating part rotating electrical system, do not need to use brush and collector ring, and the turn ratio of the first coil and the second coil can be set as required, thus the alternating current with required voltage is provided, and the mode of excitation step by step need not be adopted, system configuration is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and wherein secured core is opened by along the plane crossing shaft centerline;
Fig. 3 A is the simplification axial view of a kind of form of transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 B is the simplification axial view of the another kind of form of transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 A is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and wherein secured core is opened by along the plane crossing shaft centerline;
Fig. 4 B is the simplification axial view of transformer according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 A be the rotary iron core of transformer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention relative with secured core time simplification axial view;
Fig. 5 B is the rotary iron core of transformer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention and secured core simplification axial view when mutually staggering;
Fig. 6 is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 uses to carry out the synchronous generator of excitation or the simplification system block diagram of synchronous motor according to transformer of the present invention;
Fig. 8 A and 8B respectively illustrates the schematic diagram that two kinds are applicable to shaft coupling of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings describe in detail according to transformer of the present invention and the excitation unit, synchronous generator, the synchronous motor that use this transformer.
Accompanying drawing is schematic, is not to draw in proportion.Different size relations can be had between each parts.
In order to avoid core concept of the present invention is masked, in figure, some details are not shown.Such as, the device of the secured core for stationary transformer is not shown.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the various selections for these details can't affect essence of the present invention.
Core concept of the present invention there are provided a kind of transformer with rotary iron core, and the second coil (such as, secondary coil) is wrapped on rotary iron core.First coil (such as, primary coil) is wrapped on secured core.Secured core and rotary iron core are oppositely arranged, and make secured core and rotary iron core jointly form closed magnetic circuit.Rotary iron core can with need to receive electric energy or outwards export the rotor coaxial of the rotary system of electric energy, and synchronous axial system, thus when not needing brush and collector ring, the conveying of electric power can be realized.
The same with common transformer, transformer according to the present invention comprises the first coil, the second coil and iron core.Difference part is, iron core according to the present invention comprises: secured core and rotary iron core.Rotary iron core is configured to rotate with rotating shaft under external force drives.
First coil is arranged on secured core.Second coil is wrapped on described rotary iron core around the axis of rotary iron core.
In one embodiment, the first coil can be primary coil, belongs to high pressure winding, can be generally several kilovolts to tens kilovolts.Correspondingly, the second coil can be secondary coil, belongs to low pressure winding, generally can lie prostrate for hundreds of, but the electric current of secondary coil will be very large.First coil external high voltage power supply, electric energy, after transformer transformation, is supplied to the epitrochanterian circuit rotating electrical system by the lead-in wire of the second coil.
In another embodiment, the second coil can be primary coil, and the first coil can be secondary coil.Second coil receives electric energy from the rotor rotating electrical system.After transformer transformation, outwards export electric energy by the lead-in wire of the first coil.
The wire material etc. that first coil and the second coil adopt can do adaptability and select according to concrete applied environment.
Hereinafter main for the first coil for primary coil and the second coil described for secondary coil.But it should be understood that contrary situation is also feasible.
Thus, (primary coil of common transformer and secondary coil are around same iron core column and keep static to utilize the electromagnetic induction principle of transformer, turn ratio difference is utilized to realize variable voltage and variable current), devise a kind of stator and rotor sructure (stator comprises secured core and the first coil, and rotor comprises rotary iron core and the second coil) with transformer function.
Secured core and rotary iron core are configured to, in at least part of period that rotary iron core rotates with rotating shaft, rotary iron core two end faces in the axial direction and the opposite face vicinity of secured core, thus making secured core and rotary iron core form closed magnetic circuit, closed magnetic circuit is through the first coil and the second coil.
Air gap is had between secured core and rotary iron core.As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, air gap is more narrow better.
The rotating shaft of rotary iron core can provide the rotating shaft of the rotor of the rotation electrical system of electric power to be same rotating shaft to it with needs, or two rotating shafts can coaxially be fixedly connected with, and are configured in a word rotate with identical synchronization.As an example, when this transformer is used for providing electric current to the field circuit of generator, rotary iron core can directly be installed on generator amature excitation end, with generator synchronous axial system.
The rotating shaft of rotary iron core can use permeability magnetic material.Whether rotating shaft uses permeability magnetic material can depend on following factor, that is, passing through relative to the magnetic line of force, and whether the magnetic conductive area of secured core and rotary iron core is enough.
In addition, to ensure that the magnetic line of force closes along the magnetic circuit that passes through of the first coil and the second coil technically, its large axial length distance along synchronous generator or synchronous motor must be stoped closed, cause loss.
For making the magnetic circuit system of transformer more reasonable, magnetic end cap can be set at transformer two ends axially, thus make secured core and rotary iron core all have rational magnetic circuit in the axial direction.
In addition, magnet shielding structure can also be set in the one end being connected to synchronous generator, to reduce axial leakage field.
For avoiding leakage field, making bearing and end cap with the nonmagnetic substance with high mechanical properties will be favourable.
Both sides end cap can be designed as equal non rotating, and also can be designed as and all rotate or the rotation of certain part, the magnetic circuit of end cap realizes tightly docking with secured core, rotary iron core inside and outside axial magnetic circuit.
When end cap does not participate in rotating, end cap configures bearing.Bearings is walked around axle.For large bearing, bearing bush structure can be adopted.
Shaft coupling can be added outside end cap.Or, use shaft coupling to substitute end cap.The side of the close transformer of shaft coupling can be made with nonmagnetic substance.Or, non-magnetic sheet can be set in shaft coupling axial centre position.The magnetic line of force can be stoped like this to extend along the macro-axis of synchronous generator or synchronous motor, loss occurs.
In addition, permeability magnetic material also can be adopted to make end cap, thus end cap can form closed magnetic circuit as a part for secured core.End cap can, as the axial end portion relative with rotary iron core of secured core, also can be the additional part provided outside axial end portion.
Secured core can adopt bottom center rest accurately to fix, and keeps the coaxial and tiny air gap with rotary iron core, to reduce no-load loss.
The diameter of this device and length can carry out respective design according to parameters such as its electromagnetic capacities.
To be added high pressure alternating current by the first coil (primary coil) on secured core, the second coil (secondary coil) on rotary iron core can obtain low-voltage alternating-current electric current in High Rotation Speed.As an example, when for providing electric current to the field circuit of generator, this alternating current flows directly into the rectifying device in field circuit and is transformed into direct current on rotary iron core, then the excitation winding directly entering synchronous generator or synchronous motor realizes excitation.
Secured core can be the tubular distributed vertically, embedded vertically around winding; Also can with axially parallel " mouth " font or " day " font iron core column, post is set with an one or more winding (the first coil).Design principle is in a word, and the magnetic circuit of secured core and rotary iron core is formed closed.Preferably, the magnetic conduction cross section of secured core and magnetic conduction ability are not less than cross section and the magnetic conduction ability of rotary iron core, namely ensure flux closure.Very little air gap is only had between rotary iron core and secured core.
Core material can be any high magnetic conduction soft magnetic material, is not limited to silicon steel sheet.
Axial magnetic circuit can be coiled core, and other also can be adopted can to guarantee the magnetic Circuit Design of magnetic conduction effect.
The first coil windings on rotary iron core can be paper tinsel winding configuration, also can by heavy in section wire coiling.
The first coil windings on rotary iron core can have the parallel branch around same rotary iron core; Also can be the first coil windings on multiple rotary iron core around respective rotary iron core, but be all in stator interior and the centrifugal force of High Rotation Speed can be adapted to.
Secured core and rotary iron core are in operation and can generate heat, and the type of cooling is relevant with mechanical structure and electrical structure, and (whether this device stator casing is closed) can adopt the type of cooling identical with synchronous electric motor rotor, also can adopt open forced air cooling.
The lead-in wire of the second coil on rotary iron core can be drawn along rotating shaft, namely draws from the axial end portion of secured core.Such as, can be attached in rotating shaft, can be embedded in the groove on rotating shaft surface.In addition, rotating shaft also can be hollow, and lead-in wire can penetrate rotating shaft inside like this, thus draws from rotating shaft inside.
As the example of the application of transformer according to the present invention, transformer according to the present invention can be used in the excitation unit for synchronous generator or synchronous electric motor rotor to provide electric current to the field circuit in excitation unit.The rectifying device rectification of this electric current in field circuit, changes direct current into, and is supplied to the excitation winding of synchronous generator or synchronous motor, thus realize excitation.
Synchronous generator or synchronous motor comprise rotor and above-mentioned excitation unit, and the rotating shaft of rotor is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the transformer of excitation unit.
Describe synoptically above according to transformer of the present invention, excitation unit, synchronous generator and synchronous motor.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-6 describes each embodiment according to transformer of the present invention in detail.
Fig. 1-6 is schematic accompanying drawings, for showing the approximate location relation in various embodiments between secured core, rotary iron core, the first coil, the second coil and rotating shaft.Therefore the such as details such as support, fixture is not shown in Fig. 1-6, end cap above-mentioned and magnet shielding structure are not shown, the lead-in wire of the first coil and the second coil is not shown yet.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in each embodiment be described below, above-mentioned corresponding structure or other structure can be added, to make this transformer run better.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the axis of rotary iron core 120 overlaps with the center line 160 of rotating shaft 150, in other words, substantially overlaps.
Secured core 110 comprises two axial end portions 114 and arm portions 116.
Arm portions 116 connects two axial end portions 114,
The inner surface 115 of axial end portion 114 is relative with the end face 125 of rotary iron core 120.Both are adjoining, between can have narrow air gap.In Fig. 1 and each accompanying drawing below, the end face 125 of rotary iron core 120 all has the flat surfaces vertical with the center line 160 of rotating shaft 150.But it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, end face 125 can also be center line 160 other geometry rotational symmetric of around the shaft 150.The inner surface of the axial end portion of secured core then can be designed as corresponding geometry, thus allows rotary iron core 120 to rotate.
First coil 130 is wrapped on secured core 110.In FIG, the first coil 130 is wrapped in not relative with the end face 125 of rotary iron core 120 part of axial end portion 114.First coil 130 also can be wrapped in arm portions 116.Or in not relative with end face 125 part that the first coil 130 can be wrapped in axial end portion 114 and in arm portions 116.The position of the first coil 130 is selected specifically to determine according to the application scenarios etc. of transformer.No matter the first coil 130 is arranged on which position on secured core 110, as long as the closed magnetic circuit that secured core and rotary iron core are formed is through the first coil, be exactly feasible.
Second coil 140 is wrapped on rotary iron core 120.
Thus, secured core 110 and rotary iron core 120 form closed magnetic circuit.This closed magnetic circuit through the first coil 130 and the second coil 140, thus forms transformer.When providing high-voltage ac current to the first coil 130, due to electromagnetic induction, in the second coil 140 that the rotary iron core 120 in rotation is wound around, produce low-voltage alternating-current electric current.Thus when not needing brush and the collector ring way of contact, the electric current of needs can be transported in the epitrochanterian circuit rotated in electrical system.
Second embodiment
Fig. 2 is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and wherein for ease of understanding, secured core is opened by along the plane crossing shaft centerline.
As shown in Figure 2, the axis of rotary iron core 120 overlaps with the center line 160 of rotating shaft 150, in other words, substantially overlaps.
Secured core 210 comprises two axial end portions 214 and at least one arm portions 216.
Arm portions 216 connects two axial end portions 214.
The inner surface 215 of axial end portion 214 is relative with the end face 125 of rotary iron core.
Secured core 210 has bossing 218 in the inner side of its at least one axial end portion 214.First coil 230 is wrapped on bossing 218.In the inner side of secured core 210 axial end portion 214, there is bossing 218 shown in Fig. 2.As required, also bossing 218 can be all set in the inner side of two of secured core 210 axial end portion 214.
Thus, secured core 210 (via bossing 218) and rotary iron core 120 form closed magnetic circuit.This closed magnetic circuit through the first coil 230 and the second coil 140, thus forms a transformer.When providing high-voltage ac current to the first coil 230, due to electromagnetic induction, in the second coil 140 that the rotary iron core 120 in rotation is wound around, produce low-voltage alternating-current electric current.Thus when not needing brush and the collector ring way of contact, the electric current of needs can be transported in the epitrochanterian circuit rotated in electrical system.
The arm portions 216 of secured core 210 can have various ways, as long as two axial end portions 214 can be coupled together, thus forms closed magnetic circuit.Such as, secured core 210 can have multiple arm portions 216, such as shown in Figure 3A, has four arm portions 216, stretches out respectively from axial end portion 214.Or also can as shown in Figure 3 B, arm portions can be tubular, rotary iron core 120 and the second coil 140 is completely enclosed within cylinder.Secured core 210 also can be other form, can be closed, also can not close.
Fig. 3 A is the simplification axial view of a kind of form of transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.Four arm portions 216 are stretched out from axial end portion 214 respectively.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the quantity of arm portions 216 is not limited to four, but can be other quantity any.And shape also can be rule or irregular.When shown in employing Fig. 3 A, mode forms transformer, shown in corresponding Fig. 2, structure can be along " A-A " line in Fig. 3 A, secured core 210 is cut open the figure of rear display.
As shown in Figure 3A, axially see, bossing 218 and rotary iron core 120 (dotted line represents) are all blocked by axial end portion 214.Rotating shaft 150 is protruding from inside transformer through axial end portion 214.
Fig. 3 B is the simplification axial view of the another kind of form of transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.In fact, the structure of transformer shown in Fig. 3 B can be considered as a variant of transformer device structure shown in Fig. 3 A.When adopting that shown in Fig. 3 B, mode forms transformer, structure shown in corresponding Fig. 2 can be along the plane of the center line crossing rotating shaft 150 in Fig. 3 B, secured core 310 is cut open the figure of rear display.
In Fig. 2, multiple arm portions 216 of secured core 210 are transformed to the whole cylindrical portion 316 of secured core 310 in Fig. 3.Dotted line illustrates the inwall of cylindrical portion 316.Cylindrical portion 316 and the axial end portion 314 of secured core 310 enclose rotary iron core 120 completely.
Axially see, bossing 218 and rotary iron core 120 (dotted line represents) are all blocked by axial end portion 214.Rotating shaft 150 is protruding from inside transformer through axial end portion 314.
3rd embodiment
Fig. 4 A is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and wherein secured core is opened by along the plane crossing shaft centerline.
Fig. 4 B is the simplification axial view of transformer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The transformer of the 3rd embodiment is similar with scheme shown in Fig. 3 B to a certain extent.
The secured core 410 of the 3rd embodiment also comprises two axial end portions 414 and cylindrical portion 416.Cylindrical portion connects two axial end portions, and around rotary iron core 120.The axis of rotary iron core 120 overlaps with the center line 160 of rotating shaft 150.Second coil 140 is wrapped on rotary iron core 120.
Be with the difference of the scheme of Fig. 3 B, axial end portion 414 no longer needs to provide lug boss to assign to winding first coil.First coil 430 of the 3rd embodiment is embedded on the inwall of cylindrical portion 416, and the inwall center line around the shaft along cylindrical portion 416 is wound around.First coil 430 can adopt be fixed on cylindrical portion 416 in various manners inwall on.Such as, can at inwall additional support cylinder (not shown), the first coil 430 is wrapped on support tube, thus between the inwall that the first coil 430 is fixed on cylindrical portion 416 and support tube.In addition, the various modes such as snap close also can be adopted to keep the first coil 430 to be embedded on the inwall of cylindrical portion 416.
The cross section of the first coil 430 is merely illustrated in Fig. 4 A.And the first coil 430 is not shown in Fig. 4 B.
Closed magnetic circuit is formed together with the axial end portion 414 of rotary iron core 120 and secured core 410 and cylindrical portion 416.Wherein rotary iron core 120 partially passes through the first coil 430 and the second coil 120 to being positioned at of this closed magnetic circuit.
Thus, rotary iron core 120, secured core 410, first coil 430 and the second coil 140 form transformer, alternating current can be produced in the second iron core 120 equally, to be supplied to the rotor rotating electrical system along rotating shaft in the process that rotary iron core 120 rotates.
4th embodiment
In the transformer of the first to the 3rd embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 B, all merely illustrate a rotary iron core and a secured core.
When the rotor such as rotating electrical system needs the power supply of multiple phase (such as three phases), transformer can have multiple rotary iron core and correspondingly multiple secured core, thus provide multipair first coil and the second coil, to provide the alternating current of multiple phase (such as three phases).
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, to provide the transformer of the alternating current of three phases, shows schematic structure according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.Wherein three rotary iron cores are arranged on around rotating shaft in a plane.
In each embodiment shown in above Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 B, the axis of rotary iron core 120 all overlaps with the center line 160 of rotating shaft 150.In transformer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the axis of rotary iron core 520 does not overlap with the center line 560 of rotating shaft 550, but mutually staggers.The situation that the axis of rotary iron core 520 is parallel with the center line 560 of rotating shaft 550 has been shown in Fig. 5 A with 5B.But it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the center line 560 of the axis of rotary iron core 520 and rotating shaft 550 completely can be not parallel.As long as multiple rotary iron core 520 and secured core 510 are arranged so that rotary iron core 520 can rotate with rotating shaft, and make at least part of period of rotation process, two end faces of rotary iron core 520 and the opposite face of secured core 510 can be close to thus form closed magnetic circuit, and transformer of the present invention just can work.
In the context of the present specification, term " coincidence " refers to that both are for same straight line, and term " parallel " then shows that both are not same straight lines.In other words, parallelly coincidence is not comprised.
Fig. 5 A be the rotary iron core of transformer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention relative with secured core time simplification axial view.
Fig. 5 B is the rotary iron core of transformer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention and secured core simplification axial view when mutually staggering.
Transformer shown in Fig. 5 A and 5B comprises three rotary iron cores 520 and three secured cores 510.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, transformer also can comprise the rotary iron core 520 of other quantity and the secured core 510 of respective numbers as required.
Each secured core 510 is provided with the first coil 530.
Each rotary iron core 520 is provided with the second coil (not shown).
Three rotary iron cores 520 and three secured cores 510 are arranged to center line 560 Rotational Symmetry about rotating shaft 550.When three rotary iron cores 520 and three secured core 510, the angle between two rotary iron cores 520 and between two secured cores 510 is 120 °.When having N number of rotary iron core 520 and N number of secured core 510, the angle between adjacent two rotary iron cores 520 and adjacent two secured cores 510 is 360 °/N, N are natural number, and N>1.
Each secured core 510 comprises two axial end portions and at least one arm portions.Arm portions connects two axial end portions.Axial end portion and arm portions can with such as Fig. 1,2, the axial end portion of any one embodiment shown in 3A is identical with arm portions.
Secured core 510 and rotary iron core 520 are provided so that three rotary iron cores 520 can synchronously rotate with rotating shaft 550.
Three rotary iron cores 520 are fixed in rotating shaft 550 by connecting rod 525, thus rotary iron core 520 synchronously can be rotated with rotating shaft.
First coil to be wrapped on the bossing inside at least one axial end portion in (such as shown in figs. 2 and 3) or at least one arm portions (such as shown in Figure 1).
When 550 rotation around the shaft of three rotary iron cores 520, the end face of each rotary iron core 520 is relative with the inner surface of the axial end portion of in three secured cores successively, thus in end face period relative to inner surface, make rotary iron core 520 form closed magnetic circuit with corresponding secured core 510.
Rotating shaft 550 often rotates 1/3rd circles, and rotary iron core 520 just rotates to the position of another secured core 510 from the position of a secured core 510, thus forms closed magnetic circuit with another secured core 510.In rotating shaft rotary course, rotary iron core 520 is constantly facing from different secured cores 510 thus form closed magnetic circuit.That is, in during the part rotated with rotating shaft 550 at rotary iron core 520, two end faces of rotary iron core 520 and the opposite face of secured core 510 contiguous, thus make secured core 510 and rotary iron core 520 form closed magnetic circuit.When providing alternating current in the first coil 530 on secured core 510, the second coil on rotary iron core 520 and between the first coil 530, electromagnetic induction occurs.Thus make the second coil can generate alternating current.
Three the first coils 530 can be connected respectively to different external power supplys, also can be connected by star-like connection or triangle, are then connected to an external power supply.
Similarly, three the second coils also can be drawn respectively and be provided in the rotor circuit of rotation electrical system, also can be connected by star-like connection or triangle, and then be provided in the rotor circuit of rotation electrical system.
5th embodiment
Fig. 6 is the rough schematic view of transformer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 6, transformer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention comprises multiple voltage transformation unit (exemplarily showing the situation comprising three voltage transformation unit in Fig. 6).Each voltage transformation unit comprises the first coil 130, second coil 140, secured core 110 and rotary iron core 120 respectively.
In Fig. 6, each voltage transformation unit is substantially identical with the transformer of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the voltage transformation unit in Fig. 6 can be replaced with the transformer of the second to the 4th embodiment.Further, each voltage transformation unit can have identical structure, also can have different structures.
Three voltage transformation unit are serially connected in rotating shaft 150 successively, and the axis of each rotary iron core 120 is overlapped with the center line 160 of rotating shaft 150.
Identical with the 4th embodiment, three the first coils 130 can be connected respectively to different external power supplys, also can be connected by star-like connection or triangle.
Similarly, three the second coils 140 also can be drawn respectively and be provided in the rotor circuit of rotation electrical system, also can be connected by star-like connection or triangle.
6th embodiment
6th embodiment exemplarily, describes and uses above-mentioned synchronous generator or the synchronous motor carrying out excitation according to transformer of the present invention.
Fig. 7 uses to carry out the synchronous generator of excitation or the simplification system block diagram of synchronous motor according to transformer of the present invention.
Synchronous generator or synchronous motor 20 comprise stator 21 and rotor 22.In addition, additionally provide according to transformer 10 of the present invention.
The rotating shaft of the rotating shaft of rotor 22 and transformer 10 can be configured to can synchronous axial system.Such as, the rotary iron core of rotor 22 with transformer 10 can be fixed in same rotating shaft.In other words, both rotating shafts coaxially connect.
In one embodiment, the rotating shaft of rotor 22 and the rotating shaft of transformer 10 can be fixedly connected by shaft coupling.
Fig. 8 A and 8B respectively illustrates the schematic diagram that two kinds are applicable to shaft coupling of the present invention.
The shaft coupling of Fig. 8 A has Part I 31 and Part II 32.Part I 31 and Part II 32 can be adopted and be fixedly connected in any way.
Part I 31 is connected to the rotating shaft 25 of rotor 22, and Part II 32 is then connected to the rotating shaft 15 of transformer 10.
Extending in order to avoid the magnetic line of force along rotating shaft 15 and rotating shaft 25 causes the magnetic line of force to lose, and Part I 31 and/or Part II 32 can adopt nonmagnetic substance to make.Preferably, Part II 32 is made up of nonmagnetic substance.
The layer of non-magnetic material 33 that shaft coupling shown in Fig. 8 B has Part I 31, Part II 32 and is clipped between Part I 31 and Part II 32.Part I 31 and Part II 32 (and layer of non-magnetic material 33 between the two) can be adopted and be fixedly connected in any way.
Part I 31 is connected to the rotating shaft 25 of rotor 22, and Part II 32 is then connected to the rotating shaft 15 of transformer 10.
Due to the existence of layer of non-magnetic material 33, prevent the magnetic line of force along the extension of rotating shaft 15 and rotating shaft 25, thus can be avoided the loss of the magnetic line of force.
Return Fig. 7, transformer 10 and the field circuit (not shown) excitation device on rotor 22.Transformer provides electric current for field circuit.The rectifying device rectification of this electric current in field circuit, changes direct current into, and is supplied to the excitation winding of synchronous generator or synchronous motor, thus realize excitation.
Use transformer according to the present invention to provide electric current to field circuit (excitation unit), do not need to use brush and collector ring, and do not need excitation step by step, system configuration is simple.
Excitation unit according to the present invention is a kind of brushless excitation mode, relatively existing excitation mode, and its structural system is simpler, and more easily realize, and the little efficiency of loss is high, electromagnetic noise is low, does not increase the moment of resistance of macro-axis, consumes few mechanical energy.It is convenient, easy to maintenance to control.
So far, transformer, excitation unit, synchronous generator and the synchronous motor according to each embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings.But it will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can also make various modifications and changes to these embodiments, these modifications and changes are equally within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention not by the restriction of the detail described in specification, but is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a transformer, comprise the first coil, the second coil and iron core, it is characterized in that, described iron core comprises:
Secured core, described first coil is arranged on described secured core; And
Rotary iron core, be configured to rotate with rotating shaft under external force drives, described second coil is wrapped on described rotary iron core around the axis of described rotary iron core,
Wherein, described secured core and described rotary iron core are configured at least part of period rotated with described rotating shaft at described rotary iron core, two end faces of described rotary iron core on described axis direction and the opposite face vicinity of described secured core, thus make described secured core and described rotary iron core form closed magnetic circuit, described closed magnetic circuit is through described first coil and described second coil
Wherein, this transformer comprises the secured core of multiple rotary iron core and equal number, and each described secured core is provided with described first coil, and each described rotary iron core is provided with described second coil,
The secured core of described multiple rotary iron core and equal number is arranged to respectively about the center line Rotational Symmetry of described rotating shaft,
Each described secured core comprises two axial end portions and at least one arm portions,
Described arm portions connects described two axial end portions,
Described secured core and described rotary iron core are provided so that described multiple rotary iron core can synchronously rotate with described rotating shaft,
Described first coil is wrapped on the bossing inside axial end portion described at least one or in arm portions described at least one,
When described multiple rotary iron core rotates with described rotating shaft, the described end face of each described rotary iron core is relative with the inner surface of the axial end portion of in described multiple secured core successively, thus in described end face period relative to described inner surface, make described rotary iron core form closed magnetic circuit with corresponding described secured core.
2. transformer according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Three described first coils are connected by star-like connection or triangle, and
Three described second coils are connected by star-like connection or triangle.
3., according to the transformer of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that,
The output lead of described second coil is drawn along described rotating shaft.
4. transformer according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described rotating shaft is hollow, and the output lead of described second coil is drawn from described rotating shaft inside.
5. synchronous generator or a synchronous motor, comprising:
Rotor;
For the field circuit of described rotor, be fixed to described rotor; And
According to any one transformer in claim 1-4, for providing electric current to described field circuit;
The rotating shaft of described rotor and the rotating shaft of described transformer are configured to can synchronous axial system.
6. synchronous generator according to claim 5 or synchronous motor, is characterized in that, also comprises shaft coupling, for the rotating shaft of the rotating shaft and described transformer that connect described rotor,
Described shaft coupling comprises the Part I for connecting with the rotating shaft of described rotor and the Part II for connecting with the rotating shaft of described transformer, and described Part I and described Part II are fixed connection,
Wherein said Part II is made up of nonmagnetic substance, or clips layer of non-magnetic material between described Part I and described Part II.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310719617.4A CN103646757B (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor |
| PCT/CN2014/094377 WO2015090228A1 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2014-12-19 | Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310719617.4A CN103646757B (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor |
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| CN103646757A CN103646757A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
| CN103646757B true CN103646757B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| CN104036935B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2017-03-01 | 国家电网公司 | Transformator, excitation unit, synchronous generator and synchronous motor |
| WO2015090228A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | 谢胜利 | Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor |
| GB2544720A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-05-31 | Vastech Holdings Ltd | Electric motor |
| CN105826785A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-03 | 陈智仁 | Contactless energy transfer collector ring |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073813A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-06-30 | 华中理工大学 | Sound electromagnetic coupling method and device |
| CN102723185A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double-channel axial magnetic circuit reluctance type rotary transformer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013067605A2 (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-16 | Banjanovic Nijaz | New system excitation of classical synchronous generators |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073813A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-06-30 | 华中理工大学 | Sound electromagnetic coupling method and device |
| CN102723185A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double-channel axial magnetic circuit reluctance type rotary transformer |
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