CN1036424A - Shock absorbing arrangement for buildings - Google Patents
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- CN1036424A CN1036424A CN 88108470 CN88108470A CN1036424A CN 1036424 A CN1036424 A CN 1036424A CN 88108470 CN88108470 CN 88108470 CN 88108470 A CN88108470 A CN 88108470A CN 1036424 A CN1036424 A CN 1036424A
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Abstract
Shock absorbing arrangement for buildings is according to the collapse state analysis of earthquake impact force to building facilities, and summed up historical and existing use, just bound round the structural system of tying internal force based on the plug-in type that absorbs seismic energy, the shock-damping device of earthquake disaster is eliminated in the minimizing as far as possible that is found out.This device is applicable to industry and civilian construction: railway and highway bridge: tower structure; Tall and big steel (rigidity) structure and chimney stalk; Facility on the underground and ground of underground railway and building and all, action weaken when earthquake disaster, in above-mentioned building from now on, adopt this device and in existing above-mentioned building, adopt this device, will improve the ability of prevention and low antiseismic disaster undoubtedly greatly.
Description
" shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " dependent territory is built the engineering field, be according to of the collapse state analysis of earthquake impact force to building facilities, and summed up historical and existing use, just bound round the structural system of tying internal force based on the plug-in type that absorbs seismic energy, in the earthquake disaster of reality, it is very serious that the degree that building is damaged remains, and then to give the people's life and loss that property causes be very heavy lesson, and what found out reduces the shock-damping device of eliminating earthquake disaster as far as possible.This device is applicable to industry and civilian construction; Railway and highway bridge; Tower structure; Tall and big steel (rigidity) structure and chimney stalk, facility on the underground and ground of underground railway and building and all, the action weaken when earthquake disaster.In above-mentioned building from now on, adopt this device and in existing above-mentioned building, adopt this device, do not have the ability that will improve prevention and low antiseismic disaster with fixed attention greatly.And direct earthquake disaster mitigation heavy losses of causing for the people's lives and property and national economic development.
The disaster that earthquake causes to the mankind is very serious, human in order better to survive on earth, the origin cause of formation to earthquake disaster has been carried out long-term observation and research, and according to the practical experience lesson of earthquake disaster in history, has progressively improved the ability of building opposing seismic damage.
At present, the building type of the opposing seismic damage that adopt countries in the world remains to absorb the plug-in type overall structure (for the earth) of seismic energy, and being about to building foundation and superstructure design is that the rigid body that absolutely indivisible cuts inserts the earth.Thereby build the force analysis of resisting destructive power of the earthquake, just must not consider the anti-seismic performance of building from integral body.Destructive power of the earthquake is to impact the building foundation by soil layer and rock stratum, and directly impact force is passed to superstructure, the consequent internal force of superstructure, react on the basis again, thereby the requirement of strength of building foundation, should be the stack of seismic forces and superstructure reaction force, destructive power of the earthquake is reciprocal horizontal shear force, the reaction force of superstructure is perpendicular to ground, and these two kinds of orthogonal and be kept in motion active forces in one plane can be handed over.Destructive power of the earthquake promotes the building foundation with powerful reciprocal horizontal impulse and moves horizontally, and the reaction force of building superstructure vertical ground hampers this motion, thereby be not difficult to analyze, on the meeting cross surface of these two kinds of power, essence has formed the reciprocating shear much larger than destructive power of the earthquake.Therefore, shock resistance of the building is difficult to reach actual seismic design requirement in the plug-in type overall structure.Present building generally all is relatively conservative ideal design and construction, and nonetheless, in the earthquake disaster of reality, it is very serious that the degree that building is damaged remains, and then to give the people's life and loss that property causes be very heavy.
Historical lesson is enough to prove absolutely that the plug-in type building system has been subjected to serious check.In the age in the past, when building also was in the low layer scope, problem was also not too serious, and in modernized highrise building, the plug-in type that is adopted has just been bound round the structure of tying internal force, in the earthquake disaster of reality, exists serious hidden danger.The plug-in type building system under normal circumstances all is provided with big problem, and when earthquake disaster, confusion has significantly taken place the power transmission route of plug in construction.In the design of building structures principle most important one, be exactly no matter under any circumstance, the power transmission route of structure must be clear.The second cardinal principle of design is to be design considerations with the least favorable extraneous factor of locality, must consider contingent maximum destructive power of the earthquake as a lot of areas.The optimum condition of building opposing seismic damage is in other words: the transmission of building structure internal force must be correct, clear in the motion.
Plug in construction is when earthquake, destructive power of the earthquake is directly passed to superstructure, superstructure is rocked, because superstructure is that just the hoop formula is tied the structure of internal force, thereby the energy that produces in rocking can not find point of release, and is forced to the backspace basis.And earthquake is constantly carried seismic energy, the active force of superstructure backspace like this to superstructure very fast.The seismic forces that transmits with the basis collides, and collides the most terrible centrostigma, is exactly exergonic break-through point, also is the structural damage point.Usually all on the cross surface of basis and superstructure, the form of destruction is a shear failure to this breakdown point, and whole building is not that to collapse be exactly inclination.
At present, many countries new structure occurred in the seismic design scheme of highrise building, build in as 42 storey building of USA New York on 98 rubber springs that separate with the basis, Japan build anti-earthquake room on the arc-shaped steel bar in, has all significantly changed the plug in construction of traditional type.This spring, arc damper because also there are certain problem in power transmission route and power transmission form, also need further research, just can reach the antidetonation shock attenuation requirement, make structure in use reasonable.And for example Japan sets up the iron prop body by computer control on the highrise building top, in the insertion buildings, when earthquake, computer is controlled on the iron prop body and produces reaction force, thereby reduce the rocking of building (rock make building destruction serious) or the like, illustrate invariably that all there is practical problem in plug-in type building structure, new breakthrough need be arranged technically.The computer control that Japan adopts reduces the technology that building rocks, owing to do not break away from the plug in construction system, the power transmission route of structure, when earthquake disaster confusion must take place, especially destructive power of the earthquake impacts = key Dao garden straightforward words happiness nurse vinegar cooked food of leting down and hides the widely different anti-yellow that frequently is contrary to of thirsty promise of water caltrop that flatters of the awake ㄖ side of body of a Γ meal dirt porphin bank Chinese scholartree let out small piece of land surrounded by water towering shelf soft-shelled turtle ㄖ and offer the edge awake ㄖ side of body of humiliation porphin of raising to and dredge the ㄖ side of body and examine which water caltrop of tool hole bamboo of uttering a sound or a word and closely question the female coltfoal of an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel Yu Γ ┐ Yong ρ y cash and control an ancient drinking vessel nice food stilbene O small cup of choking and imitate
Build the building on spring or the arc-shaped steel bar in, though broken away from the plug in construction system, can play certain cushioning effect (can only for the building drive shell), when earthquake, seismic forces will make building rock increasing (bigger than rocking of plug in construction) by the function of spring and arc-shaped steel bar, building is without prejudice in rocking, but people in building and equipment, owing to can not be fixed on the building, he and the actual earthquake that suffers is also wanted greatly.This point is to analyze too much, just clearly.
More than to the stress of building under actual earthquake disaster situation, carry out mechanical analysis.Pointed out to comprise in the past now still at widely used building type, promptly, existed serious hidden danger to absorb the plug-in type overall structure of seismic energy.In recent years, antidetonation (just the hoop formula is tied internal force) reinforcement measure had been taked to building in Beijing and other areas, this reinforcement measure, the effect that has in fact just increased original building absorption seismic energy.On its structure, do not change the stress performance of building, remain plug-in type and just bound round the structure of tying internal force, thereby under seismic force effects.It is chaotic that its integrally-built power transmission route remains, and exist hidden danger, and the generation of this hidden danger is according to existing due to the practical problem by structural design theory.In history,, need to sum up lesson no matter earthquake disaster of all times to the inestimable massive losses that people's lives and properties cause, proves absolutely the theory of widely used building opposing earthquake on the earth already, continuous development and progress.
Before " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " invention, present technique inventor, invented " antiseismic and shock-absorbing installation for building ", and applied for that on January 6th, 1987 patent of invention " antiseismic and shock-absorbing installation for building " mainly is at newly repairing seismic measures that building is taked from now on.And " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " mainly is at the seismic measuress such as building in using now, (adopt this device to newly repairing building from now on, good anti seismic efficiency is arranged equally)." shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " is by outside retaining wall, shock absorbing hole, in then retaining wall (by building one side) and cover plate quaternary, " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " is from Figure of description 1, be clear with regard to one, Fig. 2 is " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " plan view, " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " is the stressed principle according to retaining wall, and its principle is enlarged, and is used for below ground partly.Its mechanical property, building, just has been perfectly clear toward the contrast of covering under the impact force in earthquake from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Fig. 3 is original building (plug in construction), be subjected to the direct impact of seismic forces, Fig. 4 is after adopting " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings ", seismic forces impact retaining wall toward covering with the stratum beyond the retaining wall and is moved horizontally, this mobile displacement that is produced is carried out in the shock absorbing hole, earthquake impact force like this is just in the shock absorbing hole, along with consuming toward covering displacement of retaining wall.Seismic forces makes the following soil layer of retaining wall also toward covering displacement.Shown in Figure 3, this device is reduced to the impact force of earthquake below the building foundation.The stressed stress state of original structure (plug-in type beaer) changes like this, and then retaining wall has played the effect that adds strong stability to building jointly with near stratum partly, building foundation in the shock absorbing hole.It will be part below the building foundation by the position that earthquake shock is advocated, as shown in Figure 4, after adopting shock absorbing arrangement for buildings, the stress of original building plug-in type beaer has been changed, this device is reduced to earthquake shock power below the basis, make direct impact building foundation, cause that building rocks toward covering impact, significantly reduced.The another kind of processing mode of " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings ".As shown in Figure 5, promptly reduce retaining wall by building one side, only stay shock absorbing and cheat and bear outside retaining wall two parts of earthquake shock power, also can utilize waste material to fill and should fill the easy pressure stretch constructional materials that contracts in the shock absorbing hole, be design principles to guarantee that earthquake shock power consumes in the shock absorbing hole in a word.
Figure of description is to adopt " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " with highrise building, is the schematic diagram of example.Other owned buildings all can at the shape of concrete building, be arranged the position and the buried depth of " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " according to above-mentioned principle and method.If when relatively the building group of Ji Zhonging adopts this device, can " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " group be used in combination continuously, but should be noted that according to concrete geographical position, in building group, each body shock absorbing arrangement for buildings must be an independent system.When combining, the booster action between only playing mutually and to solve in the construction building intermediate distance few can utilize shock-damping device one, the effect that use on the two sides.In building group, arrange that like this " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " is design condition so that earthquake shock power is reduced to below the basis, otherwise the effect of shock-damping device weakens, anti seismic efficiency has also reduced certainly.
Earthquake shock power is reduced to part below the building foundation, be the design considerations of " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " as far as possible.Building generally is divided into deep foundation (comprising pile foundation) and shallow foundation two classes according to different geology states, and original building is under the situation of shallow foundation, adopts the effect of shock-damping device can reach good anti seismic efficiency.Under the deep foundation situation, adopt shock-damping device, also can reach reasonable effect, though " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " can not be according to the condition of deep foundation, and the embedding suitable degree of depth, but analyze from having reduced earthquake shock power and having strengthened stablizing of building near the soil layer (soil layer) around the building in the shock-damping device inboard.The shallow C of water caltrop Ψ of original building opposing earthquake offers edge milk Gou pyrrole to and pardons the fatigued common bluebeard of the 6 kitchen officials color rose smile of っ sole that makes a noise and fortunately talk about austere ρ Щ ± tomb こ carbon border, whetstones Zhang, a state in the Zhou Dywnasty walk about and cough and protect the ash cloud wise water caltrop ν of the agent ρ Х that washes and control an ancient drinking vessel ostrich and melt for this reason waste severe the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Below mainly be meant the explanation of in original building and the building built, adopting " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings ".Below the building just newly repaiied from now on use present technique to be described as follows:
1, is under deep foundation (the comprising pile foundation) situation at building, " antiseismic and shock-absorbing installation for building " is used in combination.As shown in Figure 6, promptly " antiseismic and shock-absorbing installation for building " is arranged on the cushion cap of deep foundation, and " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " is provided with height and parallels in deep foundation cushion cap position.Antidetonation condition in the monolithic architecture structure can be satisfied substantially like this.
2, be under the shallow foundation situation at building: " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " directly adopted by Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
3, be under the situation of rock stratum, when foundation class shape is shallow foundation at structure foundation, visual rock stratum is a cushion cap, " antiseismic and shock-absorbing installation for building " is arranged on (the rock stratum concrete leveling is the cushion cap face) " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " on the rock stratum the degree of depth for ground and rock stratum face is set highly.
4, building is that the following structure of multilayer (2-10 layer) ground is the big even soil layer of bearing capacity, when basic engineering is shallow foundation, can independently use " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings ", but on basis and ground matching surface, become division board, with the isolation of basis and ground with concrete cast-in-situ.
Underground installation is adopted the explanation of " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " technology: 1, as shown in Figure 7, be the schematic diagram of in the underground installation that is using, setting up " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings ".
2, Fig. 8 newly repaiies underground installation directly to adopt basis and ground position to set up " antiseismic and shock-absorbing installation for building ", facility both sides (facilities such as underground railway, highway and large-scale pipeline) or all around independence facilities such as () underground stores " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " directly is set.The use of " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " can be as the case may be, earthquake conditions is not too serious in history as this area, to shockproof requirements is not under the very high situation, or under the condition such as the rigidity of original building is very strong, also can be only with shock absorbing anti-as shown in Figure 9 and in the shock absorbing hole, fill the easy pressure stretch constructional materials that contracts), also can reach the purpose of antidetonation, employing " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " can be according to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 two classes in the underground installation, select the design of retaining wall in " shock absorbing arrangement for buildings " as the case may be for use, can be divided into two kinds of flexible structure (as elongated retaining wall) and rigid structures, the specific design type selecting should be decided according to satisfying concrete condition.The Cross section Design of retaining wall designs according to the shockproof requirements that adopts the present technique area, generally adopts the design of earthquake equivalent static load and ultimate strength.
Earthquake makes human more and more clear-headed recognizing to the disaster that the mankind cause, and science and technology development (can not exist the peak of being monopolized) is the human inevitable outcome that constantly develops and survive.Human for better on earth survival and development go down, just must constantly be familiar with the objective reality of the earth, constantly improve scientific and technological level, the ability of building opposing earthquake disaster is constantly strengthened, the massive losses that during with the deduction and exemption earthquake disaster people's lives and properties and national economic development is caused.
Claims (7)
1, shock absorbing arrangement for buildings is located at building below ground position all around, it is characterized in that:
The position of certain distance around building (height and building shape according to concrete building are determined) is provided with shock-damping device, and the integral body of shock-damping device partly is made up of outside retaining wall, shock absorbing hole, inboard retaining wall and cover plate four.
2, under the shockproof condition of general requirements, can adopt shock absorbing hole and outside retaining wall.
3, not too serious in the regional earthquake disaster that has, when less demanding, can only adopt the shock absorbing hole to antidetonation.
4, in underground installation, as railway, highway, large-sized oil conduit, tracheae and water pipe etc., because these facilities are very long, the bad setting of the retaining wall in the shock-damping device can only adopt the shock absorbing hole to be provided with in the facility both sides.But in these permanent installations,, still press monolithic architecture thing shock-damping device and use, be considered as significant points and strengthen handling its keypoint part.Descend monomer facility such as market etc. over the ground, by around arrange shock absorbing hole.
5, in the shock absorbing hole,, all to fill easy pressure stretch compression material no matter under any circumstance use.
6, cover plate is the destruction that is used for protecting the shock absorbing hole in use not to be subjected to other thing, comprises running car so that artificial etc.
7, in building group, can take the promptly independent perforation mode of combination again that shock-damping device is used in combination continuously by above-mentioned several modes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108470 CN1013602B (en) | 1988-12-13 | 1988-12-13 | Shock absorbing arrangement for buildings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108470 CN1013602B (en) | 1988-12-13 | 1988-12-13 | Shock absorbing arrangement for buildings |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1036424A true CN1036424A (en) | 1989-10-18 |
| CN1013602B CN1013602B (en) | 1991-08-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108470 Expired CN1013602B (en) | 1988-12-13 | 1988-12-13 | Shock absorbing arrangement for buildings |
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| CN (1) | CN1013602B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101400859B (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2013-01-16 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Cubic marine impact-absorbing structure |
-
1988
- 1988-12-13 CN CN 88108470 patent/CN1013602B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101400859B (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2013-01-16 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Cubic marine impact-absorbing structure |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1013602B (en) | 1991-08-21 |
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