CN103640250B - The orthopedic lathe of blade and control system thereof and method - Google Patents
The orthopedic lathe of blade and control system thereof and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the orthopedic lathe of a kind of blade, comprises lathe bed, the head of a bed, tailstock, portal frame, fluid head, and the described head of a bed is A rotating shaft, for clamping one end of blade, provide turn-knob moment for correcting torsional deformation, described tailstock is positioned on lathe bed, relative with the head of a bed, can on lathe bed slide anteroposterior, for clamping the other end of blade, make it be fixed on lathe bed, adjustment tailstock front and back position, can clamp the blade of different length, A axle rotates, rectifiable torsional deformation; Described fluid head is Z lifting moving axle, provides downward pressure for correcting torsional deformation; Described fluid head is arranged on portal frame by slide rail, is furnished with Y left and right shifting axle, for adjusting the position of fluid head in width of blade direction; Described portal frame coordinates with bed ways, is furnished with X and moves forward and backward axle, for adjusting the position of fluid head in length of blade direction; Y-axis, X-axis link, and can find the impetus of fluid head on blade accurately, Z axis moves down, rectifiable flexural deformation.The control system of this lathe adopts pid control law, and deflection can be remedied to and meets the requirements, increase substantially the orthopedic efficiency of blade by maximum 3 back and forth.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to vane manufacturing technical field, relating to the orthopedic lathe of a kind of blade and control system thereof and method, for correcting flexural deformation and the torsional deformation of blade.
Background technology:
In turbine making industry, blade is the workpiece that technical difficulty is maximum, manufacturing batch is maximum, and the manufacturing cycle of steam turbine often depends on the working (machining) efficiency of blade.
Be easy in blade processing process because the release of internal energy makes stress reduce and produce flexural deformation and torsional deformation, needing orthopedic.
At present, blade is orthopedic is mode manually, entirely with the experience of master worker, usually repeatedly to correct back and forth, could deflection is corrected in the scope of permission, to some large-scale blades, such as nuclear power steam turbine last-stage blade, its air flue the longest is 72 inches (1.83m), and blank weighs more than half ton, deflection can be comparatively large, and number of corrections is up to tens times back and forth.
The orthopedic Personal Skills to workman requires high manually, and labour intensity is large, and orthopedic efficiency is very low, and can only carry out curvature correction, can not carry out skew control, becomes turbine making industry problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention:
For solving the problem, the invention provides the orthopedic lathe of a kind of blade and control system thereof and method, not only rectifiable flexural deformation, also rectifiable torsional deformation, correcting round trip and reducing, effectively improve the orthopedic efficiency of blade.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The orthopedic lathe of a kind of blade, comprise lathe bed, the head of a bed, tailstock, portal frame, fluid head, the described head of a bed is A rotating shaft, for clamping one end of blade, provide turn-knob moment for correcting torsional deformation, described tailstock is positioned on lathe bed, relative with the head of a bed, can on lathe bed slide anteroposterior, for clamping the other end of blade, make it be fixed on lathe bed, adjustment tailstock front and back position, can clamp the blade of different length, A axle rotates, rectifiable torsional deformation; Described fluid head is Z lifting moving axle, for bending with sizing distortion provides downward pressure; Described fluid head is arranged on portal frame by slide rail, is furnished with Y left and right shifting axle, for adjusting the position of fluid head in width of blade direction; Described portal frame coordinates with bed ways, is furnished with X and moves forward and backward axle, for adjusting the position of fluid head in length of blade direction; Y-axis, X-axis link, and can find the impetus of fluid head on blade accurately, Z axis moves down, rectifiable flexural deformation.
The driver of described A rotating shaft is hydraulic motor.
The driver of described Z lifting moving axle is hydraulic cylinder.
Described X moves forward and backward axle, the driver of Y left and right shifting axle is motor.
The control system of the orthopedic lathe of above-mentioned blade, comprises PLC main controller, bending blade Corrective control module, leaf curling Corrective control module, measurement mechanism, display unit, guidance panel, described bending blade Corrective control module comprises fluid head left and right moving control submodule, fluid head is movable controls submodule, fluid head lifting moving control submodule, the job step of described fluid head left and right moving control submodule is: the position signalling on the fluid head left and right directions detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and left and right directions position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, act on the frequency converter of X-axis motor, control turning to and rotating speed, until fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value of X-axis motor, described fluid head moves forward and backward the job step controlling submodule: the position signalling on the fluid head fore-and-aft direction detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and fore-and-aft direction position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, act on the frequency converter of y-axis motor, control turning to and rotating speed, until fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value of y-axis motor, X-axis motor, y-axis motor link, and find the impetus of fluid head on blade accurately, the job step that described fluid head lifting moving controls submodule is: the position signalling on the fluid head above-below direction detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and above-below direction position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, amplify through amplifier, act on Z axis actuator, this Z axis actuator is hydraulic cylinder, its piston stretches, hydraulic control head is elevated, when fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value, hydraulic cylinder sends feedback signal, and control signal stopped paying out by PLC main controller, and fluid head remains on current location, the job step of described leaf curling Corrective control module is: the leaf curling angle value signal detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and distortion angle setting value are compared computing, export control signal, amplify through amplifier, act on A axle actuator, this A axle actuator is hydraulic motor, when distortion angle error amount be on the occasion of time, hydraulic motor reverses, the turn-back of band moving vane, distortion angle is diminished, when distortion angle error amount is negative value, hydraulic motor rotates forward, band moving vane forward reverses, distortion angle is made to become large, when distortion angle reaches setting value, hydraulic motor sends feedback signal, control signal stopped paying out by PLC main controller, blade remains on current state.
The control method of above-mentioned control system, adopts pid control law, carries out sliding-model control, obtain incremental PID by following formula to PID arithmetic;
Δ u (k)=k
p[e (k)-e (k-1)]+k
ie (k)+k
d[e (k)-2e (k-1)+e (k-2)] ... formula 4.1
Wherein: e (k): current measure error, equal setting value and subtract current measured value;
E (k-1): last error amount;
E (k-2): last error amount again;
K
p: proportionality coefficient;
K
i: integral coefficient;
K
d: differential coefficient;
Δ u (k): PID calculates increment and exports
Select the above-mentioned incremental PID of an employing, position type PID.
By following formula, sliding-model control is carried out to PID arithmetic, obtains position type PID:
Wherein: e (k): current measure error, equal setting value and subtract current measured value;
E (k-1): last error amount;
K
p: proportionality coefficient;
K
i: integral coefficient;
K
d: differential coefficient;
U (k): PID result of calculation;
Select the above-mentioned incremental PID of an employing, position type PID.
Preferred incremental timestamp method, can be converted to position type PID by increment type PID with following formula;
U (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k) ... formula 4.3
Wherein: Δ u (k): incremental PID result of calculation;
U (k): PID result of calculation;
U (k-1): former PID exports;
According to the form below PID:
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Adopt technological means of the present invention, not only rectifiable flexural deformation, also rectifiable torsional deformation, correct number of rounds and be no more than at most three times, increased substantially the efficiency that blade is orthopedic.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is blade section straightening structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the topology diagram of blade section straightening control system
Fig. 3 is the curved state diagram in blade school
Fig. 4 is the state diagram of blade detrwisting
Fig. 5 is Z axis workflow diagram
Fig. 6 is A axle workflow diagram
Fig. 7 is Z axis control structure block diagram
Fig. 8 is A axle control structure block diagram
Fig. 9 is Z axis pid algorithm realization flow figure.
Detailed description of the invention:
See Fig. 1, the orthopedic lathe of this blade, comprise lathe bed 110, the head of a bed 120, tailstock 130, portal frame 140, fluid head 150, the described head of a bed 120 is A rotating shaft, for clamping one end of blade, turn-knob moment is provided for correcting torsional deformation, described tailstock 130 is positioned on lathe bed 110, relative with the head of a bed 120, can on lathe bed 110 slide anteroposterior, for clamping the other end of blade, make it be fixed on lathe bed 110, adjustment tailstock 130 front and back position, can clamp the blade of different length, A axle rotates, rectifiable torsional deformation; Described fluid head 150 is Z lifting moving axle, for bending with sizing distortion provides downward pressure; Described fluid head is arranged on portal frame 140 by slide rail 160, is furnished with Y left and right shifting axle 170, for adjusting the position of fluid head 150 in width of blade direction; Described portal frame 140 coordinates with bed ways 180, is furnished with X and moves forward and backward axle 190, for adjusting the position of fluid head in length of blade direction; Y-axis 170, X-axis 190 link, and can find the impetus of fluid head 150 on blade accurately, Z axis 150 moves down, rectifiable flexural deformation.The driver of described A rotating shaft is hydraulic motor, and the driver of described Z lifting moving axle is hydraulic cylinder, and described X moves forward and backward axle, the driver of Y left and right shifting axle is motor.
Blade produces Bending Deformation and torsional deformation due to Stress Release, so just can not meet the assembly technology of turbine making late stage Leaf, even can have influence on the operational efficiency of steam turbine, therefore needs to correct shape technique and correct shape blade.Adopt recurvation correction for flexural deformation, torsional deformation adopts anti-twisted correction, and bending and distortion substep correction is then carried out in bending distortion.
Fig. 3 is the curved view in blade school, as can be seen from figure we, we need one vertically downward and the enough applied external force of strength makes the privileged site of blade produce certain Bending Deformation downwards, and blade can be allowed after external force is cancelled to remain deformed state.Before blade school is curved, first measure concrete degree of crook by professional measurer, then often carry out once the curved process in school, just detect a deformed state by professional survey tool, after once and repeatedly correcting, reaching the Bending Deformation requirement of expectation, this is the school bending process of blade.
Fig. 4 is blade detrwisting view, as can be seen from figure we, one end of blade is clamped, one end is fixed on rotary power axle by frock in addition, then drive line shaft to rotate the enough torsion of generation and on gyratory directions, produce certain twist distortion by blade, can deformed state be remained simultaneously after rotary power disappears.Before blade detrwisting, first measure concrete degreeof tortuosity by professional measurer, and often carry out a detrwisting, just detect a twist distortion state by professional survey tool, after once and repeatedly correcting, reaching the twist distortion requirement of expectation, this is the detrwisting technique of blade.
See Fig. 2, the control system of the orthopedic lathe of blade comprises PLC main controller 1, bending blade Corrective control module 2, leaf curling Corrective control module 3, measurement mechanism 6, display unit 4, guidance panel 5.
Described measurement mechanism 6 is for detecting bending blade, torsional deformation amount, and the location status parameter value of each kinematic axis of lathe.
Described display unit 4, guidance panel 5 as man-machine dialog interface, for input blade, lathe parameter value and correct pre-set parameter.
Described bending blade Corrective control module 2 comprises fluid head left and right moving control submodule 2-1, fluid head is movable controls submodule 2-2, fluid head lifting moving control submodule 2-3, the job step of described fluid head left and right moving control submodule is: the position signalling on the fluid head left and right directions detected by measurement mechanism 6 sends into PLC main controller 1, by PLC main controller 1, itself and left and right directions position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, act on the frequency converter 2-1-1 of X-axis motor, control turning to and rotating speed, until fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value of X-axis motor 2-1-2, described fluid head moves forward and backward the job step controlling submodule: the position signalling on the fluid head fore-and-aft direction detected by measurement mechanism 6 sends into PLC main controller 1, by PLC main controller 1, itself and fore-and-aft direction position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, act on the frequency converter 2-2-1 of y-axis motor, control turning to and rotating speed, until fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value of y-axis motor 2-2-2, X-axis motor 2-1-1, y-axis motor 2-2-1 link, and find the impetus of fluid head on blade accurately, the job step that described fluid head lifting moving controls submodule is: the position signalling on the fluid head above-below direction detected by measurement mechanism 6 sends into PLC main controller 1, computing is compared by PLC main controller itself and above-below direction position setting value, export control signal, amplify through amplifier 2-3-1, act on Z axis actuator 2-3-2, this Z axis actuator 2-3-2 is hydraulic cylinder, its piston stretches, hydraulic control head is elevated, when fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value, hydraulic cylinder sends feedback signal, control signal stopped paying out by PLC main controller, fluid head remains on current location, keep a few minutes, make blade generation plastic deformation, then hydraulic cylinder pressure relief, allow blade affranchise state, again measure bending blade deflection, from setting value of newly adjusting, repeat aforesaid operations.
The job step of described leaf curling Corrective control module is: the leaf curling angle value signal detected by measurement mechanism 6 sends into PLC main controller 1, by PLC main controller 1, itself and distortion angle setting value are compared computing, export control signal, amplify through amplifier 3-1, act on A axle actuator 3-2, this A axle actuator is hydraulic motor, when distortion angle error amount be on the occasion of time, hydraulic motor reverses, the turn-back of band moving vane, distortion angle is diminished, when distortion angle error amount is negative value, hydraulic motor rotates forward, band moving vane forward reverses, distortion angle is made to become large, when distortion angle reaches setting value, hydraulic motor sends feedback signal, control signal stopped paying out by PLC main controller, blade remains on current state, keep a few minutes, make blade generation plastic deformation, then hydraulic motor pressure release, blade is allowed to affranchise state, again measure leaf curling deflection, from setting value of newly adjusting, repeat aforesaid operations.
Above-mentioned bending, twist correcting setting value is determined with the experience of operator, and skilled operator can hold the amount of exceeding the proper limits in righting a wrong preferably, setting value of adjusting more exactly, and maximum 3 is each namely rectifiable qualified back and forth, and deflection is little, once namely rectifiable qualified.
Bending orthopedic axle (Z axis) is by Electro-hydraulic Proportional Control hydraulic oil cylinder driving.Analog module gathers the position signalling of oil cylinder inbuilt displacement sensor, and can be transferred to control unit calculating without distortion.Control unit exports target component to correspondingly electro-hydraulic proportional valve after adopting suitable calculated with mathematical model.In this process, bending orthopedic axle can accurately and locate rapidly, and control unit program adopts suitable computation model and reasonably can process each road analog signals.Signaling module gathers the signal of orthopedic quantity sensor, and control unit is presented at man-machine interface through calculating.Its operational process block diagram as shown in Figure 5.
Reverse axis calibration (A axle) directly to feed back as position with absolute value rotary encoder, gather absolute value encoder signal by interface module.Target location value is exported by analog module after control unit internal calculation, and controls corresponding electro-hydraulic proportional valve thus realize accurate calibration location.And there is the system pressure with wider pressure regulation spectrum provided by variable-frequency motor to adopt for electro-hydraulic proportional valve at Hydraulic Station.Above measure can use hydraulically powered torsional axis to realize position-force control function, thus ensures that torsional axis can realize high-precision calibration rapidly.Its operational process block diagram as shown in Figure 6.
Manual mode and automated manner is divided in the motion control of Z/A axle, wherein manual mode control principle is fairly simple, namely realized the motion of axle by startup and stop button, and the regulator potentiometer passed through resistance controls the translational speed of axle, this mode is mainly used in the coarse positioning before processing.Automated manner is the major control mode of Z/A axle motion, and be also the design focal point of native system, which is mainly used in realizing the accurate location in the shape process of school, emphasis is set forth the control method of the automatic method of operation below.
The control law analysis of blade school shape motion
Curved and detrwisting two actions in school are divided into blade school shape, these two school shape actions complete by hydraulic system, its lieutenant colonel is curved to be undertaken oppositely bending to realize correcting by the blade of hydraulic cylinder to distortion, and detrwisting carries out the torsion contrary with deformation direction by hydraulic motor to blade, realizes reversing correcting.Before correcting shape, first measure the flexural deformation of deformed vanes and the deflection of torsional deflection, hydraulic cylinder when then determining school shape according to the mechanical performance such as blade material, size and the actuating quantity of hydraulic motor.Blade school shape all can be caused not reach quality requirement if the actuating quantity of hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor is inadequate or excessive in the shape process of school, therefore carrying out position control accurately to hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor is the key point that this equipment controls.
PID controls
In the blade school shape process of reality, desirable course of action is as follows:
(1), the actuating mechanism of Z axis is hydraulic cylinder, needs system to control the aperture of servo proportion according to the error amount of hydraulic cylinder physical location and desired location, thus the speed of regulator solution cylinder pressure.When error amount is large, the aperture of proportioning valve is little, and the flow flowing to the liquid of hydraulic cylinder is large, hydraulic cylinder rapid movement; When hydraulic cylinder convergence desired location, error amount reduces, and the aperture of servo ratio increases, and the flow flowing through the hydraulic oil of hydraulic cylinder reduces, and hydraulic cylinder speed slows down; When hydraulic cylinder reaches desired location, error amount is zero, and proportioning valve cuts out, hydraulic cylinder stop motion, maintains current location.When causing position deviation when liquid volume changes because of pressure change in control procedure, error amount is non-vanishing, and system can resize ratio valve opening voluntarily, makes the position of hydraulic cylinder get back to desired location.
(2), A axle adopt hydraulic servo motor, desirable control procedure is identical with Z axis hydraulic cylinder.
In engineering practice, PID is modal control method in automatic control system, and he is the error according to system, and passing ratio, differential, integral operation certainty annuity export.Wherein error is amplified output by scale operation by a certain percentage, and when error is large, output quantity is just large, thus correcting system exports, but when only adoption rate controls, system exists steady-state error; Integration is the accumulation to error, as long as there is error between the set-point of system and actual value, the effect of integration is exactly continuous accumulated error, changes and exports, until error is for eliminating; Differential carries out anticipation to the Changing Pattern of error, thus make control system make response in advance, prevents from entering labile state, play the effect of systems stabilisation.
The control system that the Mathematical Modeling that PID is particularly suitable for controlled device can not accurately be set up.In this equipment, because the factor such as hydraulic oil volume with pressure, temperature of hydraulic system changes and there is the delayed problem of action, be therefore difficult to set up Mathematical Modeling accurately.
According to the needs that blade school shape controls, control system have employed pid control mode, if but this control mode controling parameters designs improper time causes system overshoot and oscillation problem, thus negative effect is brought to blade, therefore overshoot must be controlled in allowed band or realizes non-overshooting control by method oscillation-dampeds such as choose reasonable controling parameters and amplitude limits.
Z/A axle control loop structure
Native system adopts Siemens S7-300 PLC control system, and in systems in which, the structure of the position control ring of Z axis as shown in Figure 7.
In the figure 7, set-point is inputted by the man-machine interface of system, and these data were determined according to needing of correcting, and proportioning valve flows into the hydraulic fluid flow rate of hydraulic cylinder for controlling, and cylinder is executive component, and displacement transducer and hydraulic cylinder link, for measuring the displacement of hydraulic cylinder.Because displacement transducer is analog output, be therefore configured with A/D modular converter in PLC for positional information is converted to data signal, after converting, obtain Position of Hydraulic Cylinder value.The aperture of proportioning valve is controlled by 0-10V analog quantity voltage, its aperture is directly proportional to this analog quantity voltage, given position value is subtracted location feedback value and obtains site error value by control system, be that analog quantity voltage signal outputs to proportioning valve again by results conversion after PID arithmetic by this error amount, control its aperture, thus realize the control to hydraulic cylinder.
A axle is rotating shaft, as shown in Figure 8, detecting element wherein adopts encoder to its control system block diagram, and this encoder and hydraulic motor are coaxially installed, encoder rotational angle just equals hydraulic motor and rotates angle, also equals by the rotation windup-degree of the blade of school shape simultaneously.Due to pulse coder output is pulse code, and therefore PLC uses encoder special module to process code device signal, is then scaled angle value.
Z/A axis Position Control PID Program Realizing Method
Can be found out by structured flowchart by the control system of A axle and Z axis, the pid control algorithm of system will by PLC programming realization, because PLC is numerical control system, therefore sliding-model control to be carried out to PID arithmetic, shown in the incremental PID of sliding-model control and the operational formula 4.1 of position type PID and formula 4.2.
Δ u (k)=k
p[e (k)-e (k-1)]+k
ie (k)+k
d[e (k)-2e (k-1)+e (k-2)] ... formula 4.1
Wherein: e (k): current measure error, equal setting value and subtract current measured value;
E (k-1): last error amount;
E (k-2): last error amount again;
K
p: proportionality coefficient;
K
i: integral coefficient;
K
d: differential coefficient;
Δ u (k): PID calculates increment and exports
Wherein: e (k): current measure error, equal setting value and subtract current measured value;
E (k-1): last error amount;
K
p: proportionality coefficient;
K
i: integral coefficient;
K
d: differential coefficient;
U (k): PID result of calculation
The result of increment type PID is the increment exported, and what position type PID exported is direct result, increment type PID can be converted to position type PID, consider the convenience of programming by formula 4.3, and native system adopts incremental pid algorithm.
U (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k) ... formula 4.3
Wherein: Δ u (k): incremental PID result of calculation;
U (k): PID result of calculation;
U (k-1): former PID exports;
The PID control program flow chart of Z axis as shown in Figure 9.
Changed the data of load position sensor by A/D in program, then the positional value of hydraulic cylinder is converted to, being deducted by setting value rk and measuring mk is exactly current error amount e (k), last error amount becomes e (k-1), more last error amount is e (k-2).Because control system is performing a programme one by one in order, therefore for preventing loss of data from should first the e (k) of last time, e (k-1) and u (k) first be preserved.PID arithmetic result is the increment exported, and therefore this increment will be superimposed upon in last result of calculation.
Because hydraulic circuit proportioning valve is arranged on shunting circuit, therefore its aperture and output quantity are inverse relations, adopt 2 in program
n-u (k) is as the actual output of control system, and wherein N is the figure place of D/A converter, and what native system adopted is the D/A modular converter of 12bit, and it is 2 that its full width exports corresponding digital quantity
12-1, therefore also can be write as 4095-u (k).
In program, the operation result of PID exports analog quantity by D/A conversion, what native system adopted is 12 D/A converter modules, its to digital quantity scope be 0-4095, but the result of PID arithmetic is likely more than 4095, if 4095-u (k) now can be caused for negative, and D/A module can not identify negative, therefore can cause controlling mistake, even occur that system is out of control, serious consequence may be caused, therefore must carry out amplitude limiting processing in program, when PID result of calculation is greater than 4095, result of calculation is defined as 4095.In like manner, the calculated value of u (k) is also likely negative, then u (k) is restricted to 0 if this occurs.
The control flow of A axle is identical with Z axis flow process, no longer describes at this.
The sampling time that PID regulates controls with system timer, and in program, PID program is triggered by timer, and after timer timing reaches setting-up time, PID arithmetic performs once, and therefore the time of this timer is exactly the sampling time that PID regulates.
4.2.3PID controling parameters is adjusted
In the controls, the controling parameters adjusted is needed to have PID sampling time T, proportionality coefficient k
p, integral coefficient k
i, differential coefficient k
ddeng four parameters, these four parameter impacts on system are as shown in table 1.
Table 1 system pid parameter is on the impact of systematic function
As can be seen from upper table 1, each parameter impacts the performance of system respectively, between parameter again mutual impact, such as revise the PID sampling time then other three parameters also should do corresponding adjustment, controling parameters of therefore reasonably adjusting be native system PID control key.
Because in the shape process of blade school, hydraulic system exists non-linear factor, also there are elastic deformation and two stages of plastic deformation in the deformation of blade simultaneously, therefore its controling parameters to be calculated by founding mathematical models very difficult, also the scene of carrying out by a relatively large margin is needed to adjust even if calculate parameter, therefore native system adopts engineering turning method, adjust according to field trial situation, for ease of operation, the pid parameter devising Z axis and A axle is on the touchscreen adjusted interface, can carry out parameter modification and test rapidly.
Adjusted by repetition test, the controling parameters of optimization is as shown in table 2.
Table 2PID parameter list
Claims (4)
1. the orthopedic lathe of blade, comprises lathe bed, the head of a bed, tailstock, portal frame, fluid head, control system, and the described head of a bed is A rotating shaft, for clamping one end of blade, provide turn-knob moment for correcting torsional deformation, described tailstock is positioned on lathe bed, relative with the head of a bed, can on lathe bed slide anteroposterior, for clamping the other end of blade, make it be fixed on lathe bed, adjustment tailstock front and back position, can clamp the blade of different length, A axle rotates, rectifiable torsional deformation, described fluid head is Z lifting moving axle, for bending with sizing distortion provides downward pressure, described fluid head is arranged on portal frame by slide rail, is furnished with Y left and right shifting axle, for adjusting the position of fluid head in width of blade direction, described portal frame coordinates with bed ways, is furnished with X and moves forward and backward axle, for adjusting the position of fluid head in length of blade direction, Y-axis, X-axis link, and can find the impetus of fluid head on blade accurately, Z axis moves down, rectifiable flexural deformation, it is characterized in that, described control system comprises PLC main controller, bending blade Corrective control module, leaf curling Corrective control module, measurement mechanism, display unit, guidance panel, described bending blade Corrective control module comprises fluid head left and right moving control submodule, fluid head is movable controls submodule, fluid head lifting moving control submodule, the job step of described fluid head left and right moving control submodule is: the position signalling on the fluid head left and right directions detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and left and right directions position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, act on the frequency converter of X-axis motor, control turning to and rotating speed, until fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value of X-axis motor, described fluid head moves forward and backward the job step controlling submodule: the position signalling on the fluid head fore-and-aft direction detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and fore-and-aft direction position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, act on the frequency converter of y-axis motor, control turning to and rotating speed, until fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value of y-axis motor, X-axis motor, y-axis motor link, and find the impetus of fluid head on blade accurately, the job step that described fluid head lifting moving controls submodule is: the position signalling on the fluid head above-below direction detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and above-below direction position setting value are compared computing, export control signal, amplify through amplifier, act on Z axis actuator, this Z axis actuator is hydraulic cylinder, its piston stretches, hydraulic control head is elevated, when fluid head moves to position corresponding to setting value, hydraulic cylinder sends feedback signal, and control signal stopped paying out by PLC main controller, and fluid head remains on current location, the job step of described leaf curling Corrective control module is: the leaf curling angle value signal detected by measurement mechanism sends into PLC main controller, by PLC main controller, itself and distortion angle setting value are compared computing, export control signal, amplify through amplifier, act on A axle actuator, this A axle actuator is hydraulic motor, when distortion angle error amount be on the occasion of time, hydraulic motor reverses, the turn-back of band moving vane, distortion angle is diminished, when distortion angle error amount is negative value, hydraulic motor rotates forward, band moving vane forward reverses, distortion angle is made to become large, when distortion angle reaches setting value, hydraulic motor sends feedback signal, control signal stopped paying out by PLC main controller, blade remains on current state.
2. the control method of the orthopedic machine tool control system of blade described in claim 1, adopts pid control law; By following formula, sliding-model control is carried out to PID arithmetic, obtains incremental PID:
Δu(k)＝k
P[e(k)-e(k-1)]+k
Ie(k)+k
D[e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)]
Wherein: e (k): current measure error, equal setting value and subtract current measured value;
E (k-1): last error amount;
E (k-2): last error amount again;
K
p: proportionality coefficient;
K
i: integral coefficient;
K
d: differential coefficient;
Δ u (k): PID calculates increment and exports;
By following formula, sliding-model control is carried out to PID arithmetic, obtains position type PID:
Wherein: e (k): current measure error, equal setting value and subtract current measured value;
E (k-1): last error amount;
K
p: proportionality coefficient;
K
i: integral coefficient;
K
d: differential coefficient;
U (k): PID result of calculation;
Select the above-mentioned incremental PID of an employing, position type PID.
3. control method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, preferred incremental pid control law, incremental PID can be converted to position type PID with following formula:
u(k)＝u(k-1)+Δu(k)
Wherein: Δ u (k): incremental PID result of calculation;
U (k): PID result of calculation;
U (k-1): former PID exports.
4. the control method according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, according to the form below PID:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310674853.9A CN103640250B (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | The orthopedic lathe of blade and control system thereof and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310674853.9A CN103640250B (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | The orthopedic lathe of blade and control system thereof and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103640250A CN103640250A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
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| CN110180920B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-07-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bending and torsion correcting integrated device for special-shaped section pipe |
| CN113293270B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-06-28 | 清华大学 | Blade surface ultrasonic rolling reinforcement self-adaptive control system and method |
| CN113828656A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-24 | 浙江建鑫型钢科技股份有限公司 | Special straightener for movable head type guide rail |
| CN116571811B (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2024-06-18 | 绍兴上虞中隧风机有限公司 | Axial fan impeller cutting adjustment workbench |
| CN116586470B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-29 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Aeroengine turbine blade shape correction equipment and application method thereof |
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