CN1036349A - Combined multifunction hammer shaft of forging hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

Have the pneumatic hammer hammer stem of analytical structure and go up anvil.Hammer stem shaft and piston plate split processing, recombinant together.Plug is spontaneous on piston plate, has to go up anvil safeties and positioner reliably, makes hammer stem not only be used for free red forging, and is applied to closed die forging.Arranged the service life that is higher than tens times of known hammer stems.

Description

Combined multifunction hammer shaft of forging hammer

Multi-functional forging hammer hammer stem is that large-scale air is hammered crucial parts into shape, comprises hammer stem and and the supporting last anvil of hammer stem.Hammer stem is made of the piston plate and the shaft of band plug.Shaft end and last anvil be linked with positioner and device for fastening.Device for fastening dovetail form, gap wedge wedging.Cause anvil to come off for preventing that wedge from withdrawing from, be provided with safeties.

Before this, domestic widely used pneumatic hammer is designed by national metal forming machinery research institute, the 1000 kg of air per kg of water evaporated hammer that manufacturing firm such as forging press factory, area, Langfang, Hebei produce, machine models C41-1000 type.This hammer stem is all-in-one-piece, constitute by piston plate and garden mast body, the centre hollows out, to guarantee hammer stem nominal volume and restriction hammer stem gross weight, seal with a plug hammer stem upper end, to cut off piston plate space and shaft endoporus space, with the specified spatial volume in the limited piston dish, plug is fastening with hot jacket method and hammer stem endoporus.The setting element that the connection of disclosed pneumatic hammer hammer stem and last anvil is adopted is a garden pin, and an end cooperates with the hammer stem centre bore, and the lower end of pin is by the groove and the hammer stem centralized positioning of last anvil.Last anvil safeties comprise dovetail open type groove, dovetail safety plate, safety plate alignment pin, spring.Dovetail open type groove is positioned at the anvil front edge, and the dovetail sheet can move in dovetail open type groove, stretches out an end and blocks the big end of wedge, prevents that wedge from withdrawing from.

According to designing requirement, the structure of this forging hammer hammer stem and manufacturing process can only be carried out free red forging, and should not carry out closed die forging; When carrying out closed die forging, the last anvil that hammer stem connects is that cold joint touches with the mould that forges workpiece entirely, the shock loading that hammer stem bore is very big, hammer stem is very easily from the intersection of piston plate and garden mast body, hammer stem piston neck fracture just, and because hammer stem piston neck endoporus hot jacket plug, plug causes a radial load to act on piston plate all the time, and hammer stem piston neck garden is on week.This place's stress is the most concentrated, and thickness is the thinnest, during closed die forging, bears the vibration that does not live powerful shock loading drag, produce fatigue clear break, so that the piston plate radial crack, plug frequently shakes, and batters down cylinder wall, last anvil ruptures very easily in length and breadth, last anvil safeties collapse and take off, and last anvil wedge frequently withdraws from scuffing of cylinder bore, and causing hammer stem to be stuck in the cylinder can't operate.Because there is above defective in hammer stem, therefore, existing forging hammer only limits to free red forging, can't a tractor serves several purposes, so the potentiality of equipment fail to give full play to.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of deficiency that can overcome known equipment, can free red forging, can be used for the forging hammer of closed die forging again, comprise hammer stem and last anvil.This forging hammer has reliable safeties, positioner.Arranged the service life of being much higher than the known technology forging hammer.

Another object of the present invention is, saves the material of making hammer stem.

For finishing above-mentioned purpose, the scheme that the present invention taked is: the hammer stem split is become two parts, is to be divided into piston plate (1) and garden mast body (2) two parts particularly, and processing combines with special process more respectively.The radially joining part of piston ring (11) forms plug (12), and the pit of two concentricity lines (15) and (16) are separated by plug (12), form two mutual disjunct spaces.Piston plate (1) extension (14) forms the garden post, and this garden cylinder and shaft (2) endoporus are with less clearance, and for example interference fits makes piston plate (1) and shaft (2) become an integral body.

The last anvil wedge safeties that adopted are that the enclosed through hole (33) that is slidingly matched with this pivot pin (5) is located in the anvil front end top, replaces the swallow-tail form open type groove in the known technology with the dovetail sheet in a pivot pin (5) the replacement known technology.This centerline hole is perpendicular to wedge (4), and pivot pin (5) external part blocks wedge (4) and holds the bottom greatly.Pivot pin (5) is compressed in the locating hole by spring with garden, location pin (8), makes garden pin (8) location, is unlikely horizontally slipping.Last anvil setting element is one and goes up the square down garden square cotter (6) in garden, the size of its square base equates with the garden column diameter, with be positioned at the corresponding rectangular hole of anvil (32) and cooperate, pin (6) cooperates with the hole that is located at the hammer stem center, reaches the purpose of anvil center and hammer stem centralized positioning.The scheme that the present invention taked also comprises, hammer stem shaft and last anvil are made an integral body (7), and " going up anvil " can suitably extend, so that wear down for a long time, so just saved anvil in the independent making, wedge, safeties, positioner etc.As shown in Figure 4.This pattern is mainly used in the producer of closed die forging.

The designed forging hammer hammer stem of the present invention has been finished the purpose of invention preferably.Because plug (12) is spontaneous with piston plate (11), has stopped " plug " coming off under any vibration; Because the coincidence position that piston plate (1) cooperates with shaft (2) endoporus, increased the thickness at this position widely, promptly increased the gross area of dangerouse cross-section widely, add special Technology for Heating Processing, improved the intensity at this position greatly, and impact flexibility, at piston plate and shaft intersection the danger of hammer stem neck fracture thereby overcome hammer stem.

Because plug (12) is spontaneous on piston plate (11), it is this both loaded down with trivial details then to have removed the hot jacket plug, the technology that benefit is little again, just may remove the applied stress of plug interference to piston plate and hammer stem piston neck, make its interior tissue in the raw, avoided the fracture of piston plate (1) radial crack and hammer stem neck.These several advantages are monoblock type boreholes that hammer stem adopted of known technology, the hot jacket plug can't have.The hole that cooperates with pivot pin (5) in the safeties has been avoided the dovetail open type groove of known technology for the enclosed through hole and has been collapsed the danger on limit easily.The last anvil setting element of known technology is positioned among the groove that anvil crosses the center, the effective cross section that has been equivalent to reduce last anvil is long-pending, made a fracture breach artificially, this deficiency has then been avoided in the set rectangular hole (32) of anvil in the present invention.

The present invention shows through long-time actual the use, divides the hammer stem of body structure and comprises the last anvil supporting with hammer stem, and last anvil safeties positioner can free red forging, can be used for closed die forging again, and arranged very high service life.5000 of the hammer stem average closed die forging IC engine link rods of use known technology, just fracture fully, plug frequently comes off, and use hammer stem of the present invention to carry out the identical connecting rod of same closed die forging, so far more than 30000 of die forging, any damage does not take place in hammer stem, has been at present seven times of known technology hammer stem, is about 30 times of former technology hammer stem working life according to one's analysis.This has just improved labor productivity widely, has saved many expenses.In general, make the hammer stem of a similar model known technology and will spend about 10,000 yuan, and frequent reparation, it is consuming time expensive to convert, and influence is produced, and is conspicuous so use its economic benefit of hammer stem of the present invention.

Below in conjunction with illustrating most preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the front view of hammer stem and last anvil and safeties thereof.

Fig. 2 is hammer stem piston plate and shaft assembling weld seam enlarged drawing.

Fig. 3 is the front view of hammer stem shaft.

Fig. 4 is the spontaneous hammer stem shaft front view together of last anvil and hammer stem shaft.

Fig. 5 is each part view of last anvil.

Fig. 6 is the front view of isolation piston dish.

Fig. 7 is safeties wedge shelves pin front view.

Fig. 8 is the fastening anvil wedge front view of going up.

Fig. 9 is last anvil and hammer stem centralized positioning pivot pin front view.

Figure 10 is safeties alignment pin front view.

Figure 11 is that automatic mould raising (putting on mould) mould anvil and last anvil link, the insurance front view.

Fig. 1 is that the present invention is applied in the forging hammer hammer stem on the model C 41-1000 pneumatic hammer, by piston plate (1), and shaft (2) and last anvil (3) composition that connects with shaft.The setting element that connects is (6), and last anvil (3) connects with dovetail with shaft (2), and the gap is withdrawed from for preventing wedge with wedge (4) wedging, lives the big end of wedge bottom with insurance garden pin (5) shelves.Garden pin (5) is located with pin (8).When being in positioning states, pin (8) is at the locating hole (51) that enters under the support of spring on the pin (5).Piston plate (1) has piston ring (11), diametric(al) is connect by dish type plug (12), plug (12) is isolated two pits (15), and (16) are not connected, to cut off the hammer stem piston space, with the shaft inner space, guarantee the inner specified space of hammer stem piston plate,, form the air high pressure zone at pit (15) when the hammer stem piston plate rises when surpassing on the cylinder gas port, stop the hammer stem piston to continue to rise, prevent hammer stem rush to summit-towards cylinder cap.For guaranteeing that rated weight, pit (15) scrape out the garden arc, its linear extension partly can be made parabola.The intersection of garden post (14) and piston neck (11) be a groove (13) as shown in Figure 6.The shaft (2) that connects with piston plate (1) is the hollow garden post of end sealing, and the garden circumferential portion has the guide surface of the parallel symmetry in two places, and the connecting end of shaft and last anvil has dovetail groove (22) and locating hole (21).Shaft (2) endoporus cooperates with the extension (14) of piston plate (1), and it overlaps and partly is not less than 180mm.Piston plate is prolonged position (14) be inserted in the shaft endoporus, axially stay the gap of about 10MM, use a special fixture with piston plate and the locking of shaft end, heat thin circle (23) on the shaft (2) with flame-thrower nozzle, with hammering the thin circle (23) of its thermal deformation is embedded in groove (13) ladder, hammer stem with combination hangs in the inner preheating of shaft furnace subsequently, then with 507 welding rods with electric welding along garden week welding piston dish and the seam of shaft, again through special heat treatment step, cooling back turning piston plate, piston ring groove (not marking) just forms hammer stem of the present invention.

For ease of adorning, tear open insurance garden pin, withdraw from wedge and replace with anvil, design half garden shape technology groove (24) in the shaft end.For reducing the thermal expansion friction of hammer stem end, remake one section in the shaft lower end and cool down.

Upward anvil of the present invention has dovetail (31) as shown in Figure 5, is enclosed in the through hole (33) in the anvil body, and rectangular hole (32) and anvil body (34) that setting element (6) is installed.

The setting element of the embodiment of the invention has the pedestal (62) of a square-section as shown in Figure 9, and garden pin (61).For being convenient to take out design one after the fracture of prevention setting element Line through hole (63) is so that extract easily with special-purpose instrument.Garden, location square cotter is spread sodium base grease during assembling, with vibration damping with prevent to sting erosion.The present invention also comprises embodiment shown in Figure 11.For the ease of carrying out open die forging, impressing forging than complex part, the patrix total length deficiency of avoiding hammer stem to connect, workpiece was climbed up mould and is brought in the cylinder when hammer stem was carried mould, inconvenience is taken out, design one prolongs the hammer stem device, be mould anvil (9), in order to connect patrix (10), safeties of the present invention and positioner are still used in its connection.

Claims (8)

1, the hammer stem used of a kind of pneumatic hammer and the matched anvil of going up thereof, hammer stem is made of the piston plate and the shaft of band plug, shaft end and last anvil connect with the dovetail device, have positioner, gap wedge wedging is withdrawed from for preventing wedge, be provided with safeties, it is characterized in that: piston plate (1) and shaft (2) are for split type, and the radially joining part of piston ring (11) forms plug (12), and the pit of two concentricity lines (15) and (16) are separated by plug (12); Piston plate has extension (14), and said extension (14) cooperate with shaft (2) with less clearance.

2, hammer stem according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the groove (13) on thin circle (23) the embedding piston plate on the shaft (2).

3, hammer stem according to claim 2 is characterized in that; Seam with electric welding welding piston dish and shaft.

4, hammer stem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said safeties have a hole (33) that is enclosed in the anvil, the axial line in hole (33) is perpendicular to wedge (4), hole (33) cooperates a garden pin (5), and said garden pin (5) stretches out the big end that an end blocks wedge (4).

5, hammer stem according to claim 4 is characterized in that: by the locating hole (51) on spring-supported alignment pin (8) the embedding garden pin (5).

6, hammer stem according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said positioner is the garden pin (6) of a rectangular susceptor, and pedestal (62) is fixed in the corresponding rectangle hole of anvil end face (32), and garden post (61) matches with hammer stem hole (21).

7, hammer stem according to claim 6 is characterized in that: setting element (6) has one Line through hole (63).

8, hammer stem according to claim 1 is characterized in that: go up anvil and shaft and do as a whole.

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