CN103632802A - Permanent magnet for magnetic bearing and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Permanent magnet for magnetic bearing and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103632802A CN103632802A CN201310624320.XA CN201310624320A CN103632802A CN 103632802 A CN103632802 A CN 103632802A CN 201310624320 A CN201310624320 A CN 201310624320A CN 103632802 A CN103632802 A CN 103632802A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet for a magnetic bearing. The permanent magnet comprises, by weight, 10%-14.5% of neodymium, 2%-5% of boron, 7%-11.5% of cobalt, 3%-4.5% of titanium, 0.4%-0.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5%-0.85% of aluminum oxide and the balance iron. Other microelements are added to the permanent magnet, and the ratio of the total mass of the microelements to the mass of the iron in the permanent magnet is 1:90. The microelements include 12%-14% of carbon, 36%-48% of chromium, 6.8%-14.8% of silicon dioxide, 6%-10% of molybdenum, 10%-20% of manganese and 8%-16% of sodium oxide. The raw materials are processed under the processes of hydrogen breaking, airflow milling, forming, isostatic pressing, oil peeling, sintering and postprocessing, and therefore a product is obtained. According to the permanent magnet for the magnetic bearing, the iron serves as the foundation bed of the permanent magnet, the neodymium, the boron, the cobalt, the titanium, the calcium carbonate and the aluminum oxide serve as auxiliary materials of the permanent magnet. The maximum magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet is high, the magnetic induction coercivity is large, and the Curie temperature is high. The permanent magnet for the magnetic bearing is applicable to working environments with high temperatures, the service life of the permanent magnet in the bearing is long when the permanent magnet is used in the working environments with the high temperatures, the replacement cost and the maintenance cost of the magnetic bearing are reduced, and meanwhile the technology is easy to operate and suitable for large-scale expanded production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to permanent magnetic material field, relate in particular to the permanent magnet and the processing technology thereof that are applied on magnetic bearing.
Background technology
Magnetic bearing is a kind of novel principle of utilizing the identical the two poles of the earth of magnet mutually to repel, noncontact high-performance bearing.Compare with conventional ball bearings, sliding bearing and filmatic bearing, there is not Mechanical Contact in magnetic bearing, rotor can reach very high running speed, have that mechanical wear is little, energy consumption is low, noise is little, the life-span is long, without lubricated, without advantages such as oil pollutions, particularly suitable high speed, vacuum, the particular surroundings such as ultra-clean.Can be widely used in the fields such as machining, turbomachinery, Aero-Space, vacuum technique, the identification of rotor dynamics characteristic and test, be acknowledged as extremely promising novel bearing.
For the permanent magnet in magnetic bearing, because bearing needs transmission and vibration highly, in the process of using, between the housing of easy bearing and permanent magnet, easily cause wearing and tearing, and then cause the whole serviceability of permanent magnet to glide, shorten the useful life of bearing, the friction of bearing when rotating simultaneously easily produces heat, and therefore common permanent magnet cannot meet the demand of its working temperature; For the performance of permanent magnet itself, the maximum magnetic energy product of permanent magnet has determined the load-bearing scope of bearing, and the magnetic strength coercive force of permanent magnet has determined after the long-time use of bearing, the stability of its serviceability.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides a kind of wear-resistantly, magnetic strength coercive force is large, permanent magnet and processing technology thereof that the magnetic bearing that can work under the higher environment of temperature is used.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of magnetic bearing permanent magnet, in described permanent magnet, the weight ratio of each component is: the neodymium of 10%-14.5%, the boron of 2%-5%, the cobalt of 7%-11.5%, the titanium of 3%-4.5%, the calcium carbonate of 0.4%-0.5%, the alundum (Al2O3) of 0.5%-0.85%, surplus is iron, in described permanent magnet, add other trace elements, in the gross mass of described trace element and permanent magnet, the mass ratio of iron is 1:90, in described trace element, contain promising 12%-14% carbon, 36%-48% chromium, 6.8%-14.8% silicon dioxide, 6%-10% molybdenum, 10%-20% manganese, 8%-16% sodium oxide molybdena.
Intergranule in irony permanent magnet contains more gap, only by the gap of waiting the physical operation method of static pressure cannot further reduce its intergranule, therefore in permanent magnet, add other trace elements, by trace element, fill the space of intergranule, and then improved the stability that intergranule connects, improved the anti-wear performance of permanent magnet, trace element is best with the micro-filling effect of iron under this ratio simultaneously, minimum in the degree of wear of the rear bearing permanent magnet that works long hours.
The processing technology of permanent magnet for a kind of magnetic bearing of the present invention, described raw material through hydrogen broken → static pressure → stripping oil → sintering such as airflow milling → moulding → wait → after obtain product after processing, described trace element carries out the airflow milling stage at raw material and joins in product.
Trace element of the present invention joins in reaction system after mixing through Preliminary screening, and the average diameter of described micro-particle is 10um-15um.
In the broken process of hydrogen of the present invention, each component raw material is inserted in hydrogen crushing furnace, under the hydrogen pressure of 5.5Mpa, inhaled hydrogen operation 40-60min, then under the condition vacuumizing, dehydrogenase 12-4h.
In airflow milling process of the present invention, by the product after dehydrogenation is passed through to high pressure draught pulverization process through airflow milling, then add micro-particle, continue pulverization process 6-8h, under environment by nitrogen in airflow milling, process, airflow milling by diameter, be 0.3um-0.6um.
In forming process of the present invention, by moulding press, process, fine powder is pressed into needed shape, described press operation process is carried out in the environment in magnetic field.
In the process of static pressure such as grade of the present invention, by cold isostatic press, product is processed, the density of product is increased, the volume after described static pressure is the 50%-65% before static pressure.
In the oily process of stripping of the present invention, the packing of product after static pressure is dismantled, this operates in the stripping oil box of nitrogen protection and operates.
In the process of sintering of the present invention, by line, by stripping, the product after oil joins and in sintering furnace, carries out sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 ℃-1350 ℃, sintering time is 5-6h, then under the condition of 900 ℃-1000 ℃, carry out one-level tempering respectively, one-level tempering 3-4.5h carries out second annealing, second annealing 1.5-2h under the condition of 500 ℃-600 ℃.
The present invention be take iron as permanent magnet bedding, with neodymium, and boron, cobalt, titanium, calcium carbonate, alundum (Al2O3) is permanent magnet auxiliary material, and the maximum magnetic energy product of permanent magnet is with this understanding high, and magnetic strength coercive force is large, and Curie temperature is higher, be applicable to the operational environment that temperature is higher, guaranteed in bearing the useful life of permanent magnet under the higher operational environment of temperature, reduced magnetic bearing with changing and maintenance cost, technological operation is simultaneously simple, is applicable to extensive extension and produces.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
embodiment 1:a magnetic bearing permanent magnet, in described permanent magnet, the weight ratio of each component is: 10% neodymium, 2% boron, 7% cobalt, 3% titanium, 0.4% calcium carbonate, 0.5% alundum (Al2O3), surplus is iron, adds other trace elements in described permanent magnet, in the gross mass of described trace element and permanent magnet, the mass ratio of iron is 1:90, contains promising 12% carbon, 40% chromium in described trace element, 6.8% silicon dioxide, 6% molybdenum, 20% manganese, 15.2% sodium oxide molybdena.Described raw material through hydrogen broken → static pressure → stripping oil → sintering such as airflow milling → moulding → wait → after obtain product after processing.
1) in the broken process of hydrogen, each component raw material is inserted in hydrogen crushing furnace, under the hydrogen pressure of 5.5Mpa, inhaled hydrogen operation 40min, then under the condition vacuumizing, dehydrogenase 12 h.
2) in airflow milling process, by the product after dehydrogenation is passed through to high pressure draught pulverization process through airflow milling, then add micro-particle, described trace element joins in reaction system after mixing through Preliminary screening, and the average diameter of described micro-particle is 15um.Continue pulverization process 6h, under the environment by nitrogen in airflow milling, process, airflow milling by diameter, be 0.6um.
3) in forming process, by moulding press, process, fine powder is pressed into needed shape, described press operation process is carried out in the environment in magnetic field.
4) etc., in the process of static pressure, by cold isostatic press, product is processed, the density of product is increased, the volume after described static pressure is 65% before static pressure.
5) shell in oily process, the packing of product after static pressure is dismantled, this operates in the stripping oil box of nitrogen protection and operates.
6) in the process of sintering, by line, by stripping, the product after oil joins and in sintering furnace, carries out sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 ℃-1350 ℃, sintering time is 5h, then under the condition of 900 ℃-1000 ℃, carry out one-level tempering respectively, one-level tempering 3h carries out second annealing, second annealing 2h under the condition of 500 ℃-600 ℃.
The maximum magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet of above gained is high is 460 KJ/m
3, sense coercive force 2450 KA/m, Curie temperature is 548 ℃.
embodiment 2: oneplant magnetic bearing permanent magnet, in described permanent magnet, the weight ratio of each component is: 14.5% neodymium, 5% boron, 11.5% cobalt, 4.5% titanium, 0.5% calcium carbonate, 0.85% alundum (Al2O3), surplus is iron, adds other trace elements in described permanent magnet, in the gross mass of described trace element and permanent magnet, the mass ratio of iron is 1:90, contains promising 14% carbon, 48% chromium in described trace element, 10% silicon dioxide, 10% molybdenum, 10% manganese, 8% sodium oxide molybdena.Described raw material through hydrogen broken → static pressure → stripping oil → sintering such as airflow milling → moulding → wait → after obtain product after processing.
1) in the broken process of hydrogen, each component raw material is inserted in hydrogen crushing furnace, under the hydrogen pressure of 5.5Mpa, inhaled hydrogen operation 60min, then under the condition vacuumizing, dehydrogenase 34 h.
2) in airflow milling process, by the product after dehydrogenation is passed through to high pressure draught pulverization process through airflow milling, then add micro-particle, described trace element joins in reaction system after mixing through Preliminary screening, and the average diameter of described micro-particle is 10um.Continue pulverization process 8h, under the environment by nitrogen in airflow milling, process, airflow milling by diameter, be 0.3um.
3) in forming process, by moulding press, process, fine powder is pressed into needed shape, described press operation process is carried out in the environment in magnetic field.
4) etc., in the process of static pressure, by cold isostatic press, product is processed, the density of product is increased, the volume after described static pressure is 50% before static pressure.
5) shell in oily process, the packing of product after static pressure is dismantled, this operates in the stripping oil box of nitrogen protection and operates.
6) in the process of sintering, by line, by stripping, the product after oil joins and in sintering furnace, carries out sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 ℃-1350 ℃, sintering time is 6h, then under the condition of 900 ℃-1000 ℃, carry out one-level tempering respectively, one-level tempering 4.5h carries out second annealing, second annealing 2h under the condition of 500 ℃-600 ℃.
The maximum magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet of above gained is high is 475 KJ/m
3, sense coercive force 2475 KA/m, Curie temperature is 560 ℃.
embodiment 3: oneplant magnetic bearing permanent magnet, in described permanent magnet, the weight ratio of each component is: 12% neodymium, 3% boron, 10% cobalt, 4% titanium, the calcium carbonate of 0.45 %, 0.65% alundum (Al2O3), surplus is iron, in described permanent magnet, add other trace elements, in the gross mass of described trace element and permanent magnet, the mass ratio of iron is 1:90, contains promising 13% carbon in described trace element, 39.2% chromium, 14.8% silicon dioxide, 7% molybdenum, 16% manganese, 10% sodium oxide molybdena.Described raw material through hydrogen broken → static pressure → stripping oil → sintering such as airflow milling → moulding → wait → after obtain product after processing.
1) in the broken process of hydrogen, each component raw material is inserted in hydrogen crushing furnace, under the hydrogen pressure of 5.5Mpa, inhaled hydrogen operation 50min, then under the condition vacuumizing, dehydrogenase 13 h.
2) in airflow milling process, by the product after dehydrogenation is passed through to high pressure draught pulverization process through airflow milling, then add micro-particle, described trace element joins in reaction system after mixing through Preliminary screening, and the average diameter of described micro-particle is 13um.Continue pulverization process 7h, under the environment by nitrogen in airflow milling, process, airflow milling by diameter, be 0.5um.
3) in forming process, by moulding press, process, fine powder is pressed into needed shape, described press operation process is carried out in the environment in magnetic field.
4) etc., in the process of static pressure, by cold isostatic press, product is processed, the density of product is increased, the volume after described static pressure is 55% before static pressure.
5) shell in oily process, the packing of product after static pressure is dismantled, this operates in the stripping oil box of nitrogen protection and operates.
6) in the process of sintering, by line, by stripping, the product after oil joins and in sintering furnace, carries out sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 ℃-1350 ℃, sintering time is 6h, then under the condition of 900 ℃-1000 ℃, carry out one-level tempering respectively, one-level tempering 3h carries out second annealing, second annealing 1.5h under the condition of 500 ℃-600 ℃.
The maximum magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet of above gained is high is 468 KJ/m
3, sense coercive force 2400 KA/m, Curie temperature is 568 ℃.
embodiment 4:mass ratio and the present invention with iron in different micro-gross masses and permanent magnet form contrast test, and result is as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table, when in micro-gross mass and permanent magnet, the mass ratio of iron is 1:90, the excursion of the long-pending energy of its maximum magnetic flux is less, within measure error scope, its magnetic bearing is after 240h continuous operation, permanent magnetism wearing and tearing ratio less, be conducive to the long-time use of bearing.
embodiment 5:the permanent magnet making in embodiment 1-3 and conventional on the market bearing permanent magnet are under equal conditions carried out to performance comparison test, and result is as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table, in embodiment of the present invention, the maximum magnetic flux of the permanent magnet of magnetic bearing amasss can be greater than commercially available permanent magnet, the magnetic energy of the storage in unit volume is larger, load-bearing wider range of bearing, its Curie temperature is also general higher than commercially available bearing permanent magnet simultaneously, Curie temperature is high indicates that the serviceability temperature of permanent magnet is high, simultaneously aspect wear-resistant, the wearing and tearing ratio of magnetic bearing of the present invention is much smaller than commercially available value, improved greatly the useful life of bearing, reduced following of magnetic bearing and changed and maintenance cost.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not used for limiting protection scope of the present invention, and the equivalents of having done on the basis of above-described embodiment all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a magnetic bearing permanent magnet, it is characterized in that, in described permanent magnet, the weight ratio of each component is: the neodymium of 10%-14.5%, the boron of 2%-5%, the cobalt of 7%-11.5%, the titanium of 3%-4.5%, the calcium carbonate of 0.4%-0.5%, the alundum (Al2O3) of 0.5%-0.85%, surplus is iron, in described permanent magnet, add other trace elements, in the gross mass of described trace element and permanent magnet, the mass ratio of iron is 1:90, in described trace element, contain promising 12%-14% carbon, 36%-48% chromium, 6.8%-14.8% silicon dioxide, 6%-10% molybdenum, 10%-20% manganese, 8%-16% sodium oxide molybdena.
2. the processing technology of permanent magnet for a magnetic bearing, it is characterized in that, described raw material through hydrogen broken → static pressure → stripping oil → sintering such as airflow milling → moulding → wait → after obtain product after processing, described trace element carries out the airflow milling stage at raw material and joins in product.
3. according to the magnetic bearing permanent magnet described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described trace element is through tentatively mixing and joining in reaction system, and the average diameter of described micro-particle is 10um-15um.
4. the processing technology of magnetic bearing permanent magnet according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in the broken process of described hydrogen, each component raw material is inserted in hydrogen crushing furnace, under the hydrogen pressure of 5.5Mpa, inhaled hydrogen operation 40-60min, then under the condition vacuumizing, dehydrogenase 12-4h.
5. the processing technology of magnetic bearing permanent magnet according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described airflow milling process, by the product after dehydrogenation is passed through to high pressure draught pulverization process through airflow milling, then add micro-particle, continue pulverization process 6-8h, under the environment by nitrogen in airflow milling, process, airflow milling by diameter, be 0.3um-0.6um.
6. the processing technology of magnetic bearing permanent magnet according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described forming process, by moulding press, process, fine powder is pressed into needed shape, and described press operation process is carried out in the environment in magnetic field.
7. the processing technology of magnetic bearing permanent magnet according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in the described process that waits static pressure, by cold isostatic press, product is processed, and the density of product is increased, and the volume after described static pressure is the 50%-65% before static pressure.
8. the processing technology of magnetic bearing permanent magnet according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described stripping oil process, the packing of product after static pressure is dismantled, and this operates in the stripping oil box of nitrogen protection and operates.
9. the processing technology of magnetic bearing permanent magnet according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the process of described sintering, by line, the product after stripping oil is joined in sintering furnace and carries out sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 ℃-1350 ℃, and sintering time is 5-6h, then under the condition of 900 ℃-1000 ℃, carry out one-level tempering respectively, one-level tempering 3-4.5h carries out second annealing, second annealing 1.5-2h under the condition of 500 ℃-600 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310624320.XA CN103632802A (en) | 2013-11-30 | 2013-11-30 | Permanent magnet for magnetic bearing and processing technology thereof |
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| CN201310624320.XA CN103632802A (en) | 2013-11-30 | 2013-11-30 | Permanent magnet for magnetic bearing and processing technology thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104064300A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-24 | 南京新中磁电技术工程有限公司 | Novel magnetic material |
| CN109285645A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-29 | 徐州远洋磁性材料有限公司 | A kind of wear-resistance magnetic material |
| CN109637773A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-04-16 | 天津邦特磁性材料有限公司 | A kind of preferable ndfeb magnet of wearability |
-
2013
- 2013-11-30 CN CN201310624320.XA patent/CN103632802A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104064300A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-24 | 南京新中磁电技术工程有限公司 | Novel magnetic material |
| CN104064300B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2017-04-19 | 中山市天狮磁材科技有限公司 | Novel magnetic material |
| CN109285645A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-29 | 徐州远洋磁性材料有限公司 | A kind of wear-resistance magnetic material |
| CN109637773A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-04-16 | 天津邦特磁性材料有限公司 | A kind of preferable ndfeb magnet of wearability |
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Application publication date: 20140312 |