CN103631311A - Voltage stabilizer - Google Patents
Voltage stabilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103631311A CN103631311A CN201310617090.4A CN201310617090A CN103631311A CN 103631311 A CN103631311 A CN 103631311A CN 201310617090 A CN201310617090 A CN 201310617090A CN 103631311 A CN103631311 A CN 103631311A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a voltage stabilizer, and provides a voltage stabilizer with almost-zero power consumption. The voltage stabilizer is coupled to an unstable power source to carry out voltage adjustment and transmit an electric current from the power source. The voltage stabilizer comprises a bias voltage generator and a voltage converter, and when voltage adjustment and electric current transmission are provided, power consumption of the bias voltage generator and the voltage converter is almost zero. The bias voltage generator generates a stable reference current, and therefore a stable bias voltage is provided for the voltage converter. The voltage converter converts reference voltage potential, such as circuit grounding, to enable the reference voltage potential to be increased to be equal to a threshold voltage of multiple depletion-type transistors, and therefore a stable output voltage is generated.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to voltage regulator circuit, particularly, when the input of unsettled voltage and faint source current are provided by astable voltage source, obtain stable output voltage.
Background technology:
Voltage stabilizer is widely used in the art.Sort circuit is received an astable or supply voltage of " original ", and produces a stable voltage.Generally, voltage regulator circuit provides source current to realize voltage stabilizing function by astable voltage source.
Some application of voltage stabilizer relates to power or energy, and voltage source only has very limited power can offer voltage regulator circuit.For example, the electromagnetic energy in surrounding environment or heat energy.Therefore,, because source current effect is very little, the power that voltage stabilizer must provide according to voltage source produces a stable voltage.In addition, because power available power within any given time all can change, so suitable regulation output voltage must be identified and indicate to circuit.In addition, also need a stable reference current, along with burning voltage output, no matter how supply power changes, can carry out voltage-regulation function.Again, when using the little electric current of power supply, must produce stable reference current.
Summary of the invention:
According to the present invention, power supply signal is provided by power supply, and is used for producing a stable reference current.These two functions are by inputting the making for realizing of minimum power supply signal.
Technical solution of the present invention:
According to an example of the present invention, voltage stabilizer is coupled to brute supply, carries out the electric current of voltage-regulation and its reception of transmission, and this voltage stabilizer comprises a datum node, input node, bias voltage generator and electric pressure converter.Datum node has a fixing reference voltage electromotive force.Input node is coupled to a brute supply, and transmission sources electric current, receives and transmit input voltage, and input voltage has an input voltage electromotive force with respect to fixing reference voltage electromotive force.Electric potential difference between the first input voltage and reference voltage is greater than the minimum value of the input voltage of setting.Bias voltage generator is coupling between input node and datum node, and its effect is to receive input voltage and reference voltage, and a bias voltage is provided accordingly, and bias voltage electromotive force is between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixing reference voltage electromotive force.Electric pressure converter is coupling between input node, datum node and bias voltage generator, its effect is to receive input voltage, reference voltage and bias voltage, and transfer source electric current accordingly, and a burning voltage is provided, the electromotive force of burning voltage is between input voltage electromotive force and reference voltage electromotive force.Burning voltage is converted to by reference voltage, and no matter how input voltage changes, and burning voltage is constant with respect to the electromotive force of fixed reference potential.
In another example of the present invention, voltage stabilizer also comprises the second input node and a buffer circuit.The second input node is coupling between brute supply and the first input node, transfer source electric current, receive and transmit the second input voltage, with respect to fixing reference voltage, there is a second input voltage electromotive force in the second input voltage, the first input voltage electromotive force is between the second input voltage electromotive force and reference voltage electromotive force, and the electric potential difference between the second input voltage electromotive force and reference voltage electromotive force is greater than the minimum value of the second input voltage of setting.Buffer circuit is coupling between the second input node and the first input node, for receiving the second input voltage and stable voltage, and provides accordingly the first input voltage and delivery source electric current.And no matter how the second input voltage changes, and burning voltage is constant with respect to the electromotive force of fixed reference potential.
To be further described other features and advantages of the present invention below.
Contrast patent documentation: CN202856642U voltage stabilizer 201220571424.X, CN202906744U voltage stabilizer 201220591975.2
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a reference voltage source, voltage stabilizer power supply signal indicator and the self-start circuit that comprises a voltage stabilizer.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of reference voltage generator traditional in Fig. 1 part.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of voltage stabilizer part in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of self-starting part in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of power supply signal indicator part in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are another example of the present invention, the i.e. schematic diagram of voltage regulator circuit.
The schematic diagram of the self-start circuit that Fig. 9 A, 9B and 9C jointly form reference voltage source, voltage stabilizer, power supply signal indicator and comprise a voltage stabilizer.
Embodiment:
In whole figure, during without specified otherwise, transistor is all P type or the N-type mos field effect transistor (being respectively P-MOSFET and N-MOSFET) of enhancement mode.These transistors replace depletion device, and mark with additional marking symbol " D ".With " P " and " N ", mark respectively P-MOSFET and N-MOSFET.In addition, in whole accompanying drawing, also comprise " W/L " symbol, be used for marking corresponding field effect transistor, " W " represents the width of MOSFET raceway groove, and " L " represents the length of MOSFET raceway groove.
Fig. 1 is an example of the present invention, comprises reference voltage and voltage stabilizer part 20, the self-start circuit part 30 that comprises a voltage stabilizer and power supply signal indicator part 40.Reference voltage and voltage stabilizer part 20 comprise a voltage clamp circuit 22.As described below, receive the astable voltage V from relatively high impedance and low-power positive voltage source
rAW.Reference voltage and voltage stabilizer part 20, by using current mirror, are set up reference current, to produce and P
-raceway groove and N
-reference voltage PMR and NMR that channel enhancement MOSFET is corresponding.N
-raceway groove reference voltage is supplied some faint source electric currents to the source follower circuit of the N channel depletion mode transistor of series connection.The output voltage of each source follower circuit raises gradually, and, due to the negative threshold voltage of the depletion mode transistor using in source follower circuit, circuit is equivalent to ground connection.The output of source follower final stage provides a stable output voltage V
rEGwith the output current of astable voltage source, limit the voltage stabilizing output voltage V of ceiling voltage simultaneously
rEG.
As described below, the effect of self-starting part 30 is in sufficiently high astable voltage source V
rAWwhile being applied to circuit 10, guarantee that current mirror reference voltage remains on the level of foundation.
At astable supply voltage V
rAWthe regulated output voltage V that surpasses expection
rEGfor example, when (, the threshold voltage of P-MOSFET), what power supply signal indicator part 40 adopted is that P-MOSFET carries out situation detection.In the case, at regulated output voltage V
rEGwhile reaching the value of expection, power supply signal indicator part 40 sends signal, shows output voltage V
rEGcan use.
Figure 2 shows that the reference voltage part 24 in reference voltage and voltage stabilizer part 20, comprise the current mirror of a pair of P-MOSFET and N-MOSFET, this is to current mirror and a stepped construction of the common formation of resistance.(transistor M1651 is the machine transistor, in the operation of the current mirror in arbitrary current mirroring circuit, do not play a role) according to the characteristic of known current mirroring circuit, the electric current in two branch roads of reference voltage PMR and NMR produces, and its size is determined by the resistance of transistorized size and resistance.
Figure 3 shows that the voltage stabilizer part 26 in reference voltage and voltage stabilizer part 20, this part comprises transistor M1629, M1651 and the M1628 in reference voltage circuit 24, and the depletion type source follower circuit of a series of cascades and voltage clamp circuit 22.Electric current by transistor M1628 is generally used for generation current mirror voltage NMR, and generates a pair of threshold voltage drop, and it is that 1.0V is to the input voltage of 1.5V that the source follower circuit that is cascade by transistor M1628 and M1651 provides a scope.Then, two source follower circuit M1630/M1631 and M1632/M1633 are transformed into two threshold voltages (about 1.2V) that utmost point depletion mode transistor is long-pending by input voltage, thereby produce the voltage stabilizing output voltage V of about 3.5 volts
rEG.Second depletion mode transistor M1632 has enough large electricity to lead to transmit by brute supply V
rAWthe load current providing.
What brute supply VRAW provided is controlled by reference voltage NMR for operating the electric current of voltage stabilizer, and current value is very little, for example, and the ampere of hundreds of nanometers, thereby the leakage current of restriction brute supply VRAW.Therefore the positive noise spike voltage that, is coupled to voltage stabilizing output node is not subject to the restriction of less pull-down current source M1633.Therefore, in voltage clamp circuit 22, transistor M1750 is used for shunting, the ground of positive noise current spikes connection circuit.
The grid voltage of transistor M1750 is driven by the output of source follower M1748/M1749, and the output of M1748/M1749 is the several times of the output of M1632/M1633.Output voltage V
rEGpositive noise spike voltage be greater than the threshold voltage of P-MOSFET transistor M1750, thereby noise current is diverted to the ground of circuit.The size of transistor M1748 is less than output depletion mode transistor M1632, thereby makes voltage at transistor M1750 grid place lower than voltage stabilizing output voltage V
rEG.Therefore, the threshold voltage of transistor M1750 has overcome output V to a certain extent
rEGwithout any the problem of noise, thereby more effectively limit output voltage V
rEGpositive noise spike voltage.
As shown in Figure 4, self-starting part 30 induction reference voltage PMR.When reference voltage PMR is too low, cannot open P-MOSFET, by transistor M1684, M1703 and M1699, form the input node that weak current source drags down schmitt inverter circuit M1698/M1682/M1696/M1691.The positive output signal of schmitt inverter is reversed by inverter circuit M1718/M1719, and driving transistors M1702 draws high the reference voltage NMR that node receives, thereby trigger voltage reference circuit 24(is Fig. 2).Once reference voltage circuit 24 starts, reference voltage PMR will raise, thereby switches schmitt inverter circuit M1698/M1682/M1696/M1691.The output of schmitt inverter circuit switches to low state by inverter circuit M1718/M1719 and M1715/M1714, thereby closes weak current source M1684/M1703 by closing transistor M1699.Therefore, self-starting part 30 only needs brute supply V in the startup transitional period
rAWelectric current is provided.
As shown in Figure 5, the first stage M1722/M1723 of power supply signal indicator part 40 is used for receiving brute supply V
rAWpower supply signal.When brute supply VRAW surpasses stable voltage V
rEGduring the threshold voltage of a P-MOSFET, transistor M1722 conduction current.Therefore,, due to the application of reference voltage NMR, although transistor M1723 conduction, the drain terminal voltage of transistor M1722 raises, thereby inverter buffer output stage transistor M1724 is closed, and M1725 is opened, and shows power supply signal (Low level effective).Otherwise, when the voltage of non-voltage stabilizing input source VRAW is lower than burning voltage V
rEGduring the threshold voltage of a P-MOSFET, due to relatively weak reference voltage NMP, transistor M1722 closes, and transistor M1723 opens, inverter buffer output stage transistor M1724 opens, and M1725 closes, thereby shows power supply signal (high level is invalid).
Figure 6 shows that the voltage regulator circuit 126 in another example of the present invention, its effect is by reference to voltage PMR and potential circuit 24(Fig. 2) NMR that produces provides stable output voltage V
rEG.Be connected to the N series of enhancement mode N-MOSFET transistor M1753, M1754 and M1755 diode ( N ε 1,2,3 ... }) be generally used for circuit ground, and produce the grid voltage that output voltage source is followed transistor M1758.This grid voltage equals N threshold voltage (wherein, N dots, and can be arbitrary constant) doubly.Therefore, the stable output voltage V of transistor M1758 source electrode
rEGthan the value of the low threshold voltage of grid voltage.The electric current of the diode being connected with transistor is provided by transistor M1752, and these diodes are interconnected to form current mirror, thereby makes electric current I
3reference current I with current mirror
2be directly proportional.
Fig. 7 is the voltage regulator circuit 226 in above-mentioned another example, by reference circuits 24(Fig. 2) the reference voltage NMR that produces drive M series ( M ε 1,2,3 ... }) N-MOSFET transistor M1764, M1766 and M1771, conducting mirror electric current I
5, I
6and I
7, and I
5, I
6and I
7with current mirror reference current I
1be directly proportional.Mirror electric current I
5, I
6and I
7be used to drive depletion mode transistor M1763, M1768 and the M1770 of M series, conversely by the depletion type threshold voltage V of depletion type device
tNDproduce stable output voltage V
rEG.Therefore, shown in dotted line, large M depletion type threshold voltage of stable output voltage ratio reference voltage NMR of depletion type source follower.
Fig. 8 is voltage regulator circuit 326 in above-mentioned another example, and this circuit is the improvement to the voltage regulator circuit 226 of Fig. 7, and buffer transistor M1773 is connected to non-voltage stabilizing input voltage V
rAWand between local power junctions 328.Compare with N – MOSFET device with the P-MOSFE in circuit, buffer transistor M1773 has higher voltage breakdown.Stable output voltage V
rEGbe used to the grid of bias transistor M1773, thus the source voltage (V at restriction node 328 places
lIMIT) specific output voltage V
rEGthe value of an about high threshold voltage.
As shown in Fig. 9 A and 9B, the voltage regulator circuit 326(M=2 in Fig. 8) be used to Voltage Reference and voltage stabilizer, power supply signal indicator and the self-start circuit 300 similar to circuit in Fig. 1 10.Wherein circuit 300 also comprises a reference voltage source and 320, one self-starting parts 330 of voltage stabilizer part and power supply signal indicator part 340.Reference voltage and voltage stabilizer part 320 comprise a reference circuits 24(Fig. 2) and a voltage regulator circuit 326(Fig. 8), wherein voltage regulator circuit comprises a voltage clamp circuit 22(Fig. 3).
The mode of operation of the self-starting part 330 in circuit 300 is similar to self-start circuit in Fig. 4 30.Power supply signal indicator 340 provides indicator signal POKLB and the POKHB of power supply, and voltage stabilizing output voltage V
rEGthe upper and lower bound that whether surpasses predetermined voltage, wherein POKLB and POKHB are Low level effective.According to the threshold voltage of transistor M1905 and M1926, set.In addition, when voltage stabilizing output voltage V
rEGhigher than set voltage time, restriction input voltage V
lIMITlower than two limiting voltages, will to be converted to logic high for corresponding power indication signal POKLB and POKHB, thereby stop non-voltage stabilizing input voltage V
rAWdecline.
Within the scope of the present invention, people can find that operating structure of the present invention and method all can modifications and changes.Although the present invention sets forth in conjunction with concrete example, the present invention is not restricted to described example.For purposes of illustration, the present invention is unrestricted, limited by claim of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a voltage stabilizer, is characterized in that: voltage stabilizer is coupled to a unsettled power supply, carries out voltage-regulation and current delivery, and voltage stabilizer comprises: a datum node with fixed reference potential current potential; Be coupled to the first input node of a unstable power supply, its effect is to transmit the source electric current receiving, and receive and transmit the first input voltage, and the first input voltage is with respect to having a first input voltage electromotive force with reference voltage electromotive force, the first input voltage and the electric potential difference between fixing reference voltage are greater than the first minimum value of inputting of setting; A bias voltage generator, bias voltage generator comprises: one is connected to transistorized diode, and transistor is connected with datum node again; Also comprise a current mirroring circuit; This generator is coupled between the first input node and datum node, be used for receiving the first input voltage and reference voltage, and a bias voltage is provided accordingly, between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixing reference voltage electromotive force, there is a bias potential in this voltage; Bias voltage is converted to by reference voltage, and no matter how the first input voltage changes, and bias voltage electromotive force is constant with respect to fixing reference voltage electromotive force; An electric pressure converter, electric pressure converter comprises: the diode of a plurality of series coupled, diode is connected with transistor, and transistor is connected with datum node; The depletion type source electrode follower amplifier circuit that also comprises a plurality of series connection; Electric pressure converter is coupling between the first input node, datum node and bias voltage generator, be used for receiving the first input voltage, reference voltage and bias voltage, and transfer source electrode current accordingly, a stable voltage is provided, and no matter how the first input voltage changes, and burning voltage is constant with respect to the electromotive force of fixed reference potential.
2. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: voltage stabilizer also comprises: a second input node being coupling between unsettled power supply and the first input node, its effect is transfer source electrode current, and receive and transmit the second input voltage, with respect to fixing reference voltage electromotive force, there is a second input voltage electromotive force in the second input voltage, wherein the electromotive force of the first input voltage is between the second input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, electric potential difference between the second input voltage and reference voltage is greater than the minimum value of the second input of setting, a buffer circuit being coupling between the second input node and the first input node, its effect is the voltage that receives the second input voltage and adjusting, and provide accordingly the first input voltage, transfer source electrode current, and no matter how the second input voltage changes, and burning voltage is constant with respect to the electromotive force of fixing reference voltage.
3. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: voltage stabilizer also comprises: one has fixed reference potential potential reference node; An input node that is coupled to unstable power supply, its effect is transmission sources electric current, and receive and send input voltage, and input voltage exists an input voltage electromotive force, the electric potential difference between input voltage and reference voltage to be greater than the minimum value of the first input of setting with respect to fixing reference voltage electromotive force; One is connected to input node buffer circuit, its effect is to receive input voltage and burning voltage, and transmission sources electrode current accordingly, and provide a rated voltage, rated voltage electromotive force is relevant with fixed reference potential electromotive force, rated voltage electromotive force is between input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential, and the electric potential difference between rated voltage and reference voltage equals rated voltage, and electric potential difference is greater than the minimum value of the second setting; A current mirroring circuit being coupling between buffer circuit and datum node, its effect is to receive rated voltage and reference voltage, and a bias voltage is provided accordingly, bias voltage electromotive force is between rated voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force; A plurality of depletion type source electrode follower amplifier circuit that are coupling in the series connection between buffer circuit, datum node and current mirror circuit, its effect is to receive rated voltage, reference voltage and bias voltage, and transmission sources electrode current accordingly, and provide burning voltage, burning voltage electromotive force is between input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, burning voltage is converted to by reference voltage, and no matter how input voltage changes, and burning voltage is constant with respect to the electromotive force of fixed reference potential.
4. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: regulation voltage and the method for carrying unsettled power supply to connect electric current comprise the following steps: the voltage of controlling datum node is a fixing reference voltage; Transmit the source electric current of unstable power supply; Receiving and transmit the first input voltage electromotive force, there is a voltage input voltage electromotive force with respect to fixing reference voltage electromotive force in the first input voltage, and the electric potential difference between the first input voltage and reference voltage is greater than the minimum value of the first input of setting; Receive the first input voltage and reference voltage, and produce a bias voltage electromotive force between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force; Receive the first input voltage and bias voltage, and transmission sources electric current accordingly, produce a burning voltage between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, burning voltage is converted to by reference voltage, and no matter how voltage input voltage changes, and burning voltage is constant with respect to the electromotive force of fixed reference potential.
5. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for regulation voltage and the unsettled source current of transmission is further comprising the steps of: receive the first input voltage, produce corresponding bias voltage, and bias voltage electromotive force is between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, bias voltage is converted to by reference voltage, and bias voltage electromotive force is constant with respect to fixed reference potential electromotive force, be not subject to the variable effect of the first input voltage yet.
6. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for regulation voltage and the unsettled source current of transmission is further comprising the steps of: receive the first input voltage, produce corresponding bias voltage, and bias voltage electromotive force is between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, bias voltage is produced by the diode being connected with transistor, and transistor is connected with datum node.
7. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for regulation voltage and the unsettled source current of transmission is further comprising the steps of: receive the first input voltage, produce corresponding bias voltage, and bias voltage electromotive force is between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, and bias voltage is produced by current mirroring circuit.
8. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for regulation voltage and the unsettled source current of transmission is further comprising the steps of: receive the first input voltage and bias voltage, and transmission sources electric current accordingly, and produce a burning voltage, the electromotive force of burning voltage is between the first input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, this burning voltage is produced by the depletion type source electrode follower amplifier circuit of a plurality of diodes that are connected in series and a plurality of cascades, wherein diode is connected with transistor, and transistor is connected with datum node.
9. a kind of voltage stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for regulation voltage and the unsettled source current of transmission is further comprising the steps of: brute supply is carried the second input voltage, with respect to fixed reference potential electromotive force, there is a second input voltage electromotive force in the second input voltage, the first input voltage electromotive force is between the second input voltage electromotive force and fixed reference potential electromotive force, and the electric potential difference between the second input voltage and reference voltage is greater than the minimum value of the second input of setting; Receive the second input voltage and burning voltage, and produce accordingly the first input voltage, transmission sources electrode current, and no matter how the second input voltage changes, and burning voltage is constant with respect to the electromotive force of fixed reference potential.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310617090.4A CN103631311A (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | Voltage stabilizer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310617090.4A CN103631311A (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | Voltage stabilizer |
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ID=50212494
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114578892A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-06-03 | 深圳芯能半导体技术有限公司 | Linear voltage stabilizing circuit |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5686824A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1997-11-11 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Voltage regulator with virtually zero power dissipation |
| US5841270A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1998-11-24 | Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics S.A. | Voltage and/or current reference generator for an integrated circuit |
| EP0967538A1 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1999-12-29 | Siliconix Incorporated | Output control circuit for a voltage regulator |
| US6150805A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-11-21 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation | Self-canceling start-up pulse generator |
| CN103149964A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-06-12 | 达斯特网络公司 | Methods and circuits for providing stable current and voltage references |
-
2013
- 2013-11-28 CN CN201310617090.4A patent/CN103631311A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0967538A1 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1999-12-29 | Siliconix Incorporated | Output control circuit for a voltage regulator |
| US5841270A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1998-11-24 | Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics S.A. | Voltage and/or current reference generator for an integrated circuit |
| US5686824A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1997-11-11 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Voltage regulator with virtually zero power dissipation |
| US6150805A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-11-21 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation | Self-canceling start-up pulse generator |
| CN103149964A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-06-12 | 达斯特网络公司 | Methods and circuits for providing stable current and voltage references |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114578892A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-06-03 | 深圳芯能半导体技术有限公司 | Linear voltage stabilizing circuit |
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Application publication date: 20140312 |
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