CN103630250A - Four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor capable of correcting alignment error self-adaptively - Google Patents
Four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor capable of correcting alignment error self-adaptively Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor capable of correcting an alignment error self-adaptively. The four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor comprises a wavefront tilt corrector, an imaging lens, a four-quadrant detector, a slope calculator and a self-correction processor, and is characterized in that the wavefront tilt corrector and the self-correction processor are added to the conventional four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor, the assembling error of the four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor is corrected by closed-loop operation of a self-correction loop, the output voltage of the self-correction processor is kept unchanged, finally, a wavefront to be measured is input in front of the wavefront tilt corrector and the overall slope of the wavefront to be measured is measured through the four-quadrant detector and the slope calculator. By the four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor capable of correcting the alignment error self-adaptively, the assembling error of the conventional four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor can be corrected, and conditions are provided for precisely measuring the overall slope of the wavefront to be measured by the four-quadrant tilt tracking sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, particularly a kind of energy adaptively correcting is debug the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of error.
Background technology
Astronomical telescope is the important means of observation celestial body, there is no birth and the development of astronomical telescope, just there is no modern astronomy.At present, along with improving of astronomical telescope various aspects of performance, uranology is also just experiencing huge leap, is advancing rapidly the understanding of the mankind to universe, thereby helps the mankind to self and social understanding.
The plane wave sending due to celestial body need to could be received by telescope through after this accidental channel of atmospheric turbosphere of 20 kms, atmospheric turbulence causes plane wave distortion in the unstable meeting in time and space, cause the phase error of astronomical telescope in imaging process, thereby affect the angular resolution of astronomical telescope.Nineteen fifty-three, the adaptive optical technique of wavefront distortion in the imaging process that H.W.Babcock has proposed can dynamic compensation to be caused by atmospheric turbulence or other factors, its core makes optical system have the variation of automatically conforming exactly, overcomes dynamic disturbances, keeps the ability of ideal performance.
In light wave Wave-front phase error, wavefront overall tilt accounts for 87% left and right of whole phase errors, the Celestial Objects flating that conventionally adopts wavetilt corrective system to eliminate to cause due to wavefront overall tilt.Wavetilt corrective system is comprised of wavetilt sensor, wavetilt processor and tilting mirror three parts conventionally, and wherein wavetilt sensor is for the wavetilt amount of measurement target wavefront.Because 4 quadrant detector has high frame frequency, high sensitivity and low noise feature, therefore conventionally 4 quadrant detector, imaging len and slope counter are combined and form four-quadrant wavetilt tracking transducer, and be applied in the global slopes of wavefront to be measured amount is provided in wavetilt corrective system
According to document, (horse is warm dawn, Zheng Hanqing, Rao Changhui, " the best calibration position of Hartmann wave front sensor facula mass center in ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS " photoelectric project, 2009, V36(4), conclusion 22-26), when the facula mass center of standard flat ripple process imaging len formation that and if only if is positioned at the origin position of 4 quadrant detector, four-quadrant inclination tracking detector has the feature without sampling error, peak response and maximum open loop dynamic range, so the reference position of four-quadrant tilt detector must be at the initial point of 4 quadrant detector.According to the imaging requirements of astronomical telescope, the detection accuracy of inclination tracking transducer must reach sub-wavelength magnitude again, so the precision of debuging of 4 quadrant detector just requires to reach sub-micrometer scale.
Four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer is generally comprised of imaging len, 4 quadrant detector and slope counter, and wherein the photosurface of 4 quadrant detector and the focal plane of imaging len overlap, and the focus of the initial point imaging len of 4 quadrant detector overlaps.Four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer principle of work is: when the integral inclination of wavefront to be measured is not 0, the barycenter of the hot spot that wavefront to be measured forms after imaging len can depart from the initial point of 4 quadrant detector, thereby make 4 quadrant detector Si road output signal unequal, utilize centroid calculation formula (as shown in Equation 1), slope counter can calculate the centroid offset of hot spot.
Wherein, S
ithe output signal that represents the i quadrant of 4 quadrant detector.
When move the range of linearity in the photosurface of hot spot at 4 quadrant detector, the x being calculated by formula 1
cand y
cspan be [1 ,+1].Adopt displacement coefficient k
ccan be by the calculated value (x of facula mass center position
c, y
c) be reduced to the true centroid position (x of hot spot
0, y
0), that is:
x
0＝k
c·x
c,y
0＝k
c·y
c （2）
So slope counter, after calculating the centroid offset of hot spot, can calculate the inclined angle alpha of wavefront to be measured on x, y both direction by through type
xand α
y(α
xand α
yall very little):
Wherein, f is the effective focal length of imaging len.
When tilted tracking system is when closed loop is worked, the barycenter of hot spot is only done minutely and is moved near the initial point of 4 quadrant detector, and now the computing formula of displacement coefficient is:
Wherein: σ is the Gaussian width of hot spot.(referring to document: horse is warm dawn, female outstanding, Rao Changhui, " being limited to the performance evaluation of the four-quadrant tracking transducer in dead band ", and Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, V22(7), 67-73.）
Yet current mechanical processing technique standard is difficult to reach the assembly precision of sub-micrometer scale, must find a kind of scaling method and standard flat ripple be navigated to the origin position of 4 quadrant detector through the facula mass center of imaging len formation, eliminate the error of debuging of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, the sensitivity of raising system and dynamic range, meet the demand of tilted tracking system to four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome in traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, owing to debuging error, cause standard flat ripple to depart from the origin position of 4 quadrant detector through the facula mass center of imaging len formation, thus the Wavefront detecting error of bringing.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above employing is: a kind of energy adaptively correcting is debug the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of error, comprise wavetilt corrector, imaging len, 4 quadrant detector, slope counter and self-correcting processor, it is characterized in that: in traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, added wavetilt corrector and self-correcting processor; Wavetilt corrector, imaging len, 4 quadrant detector, slope counter and self-correcting processor form self-correcting loop, can proofread and correct the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of debuging error and when working, successively experience following two steps:
● calibration steps: first input standard flat ripple before wavetilt corrector, the barycenter of the hot spot that then closed loop work in self-correcting loop forms standard flat ripple after imaging len moves to the initial point of 4 quadrant detector, thereby last self-correcting processor keeps the two-dimentional reflection angle of the constant maintenance of output voltage wavetilt corrector;
● measuring process: after completing calibration steps, before wavetilt corrector, input wavefront to be measured, when the whole slope of wavefront to be measured is not 0, the hot spot that wavefront to be measured forms after imaging len can depart from the initial point of 4 quadrant detector, and slope counter calculates global slopes the output of wavefront to be measured by the output signal of 4 quadrant detector.
Further, the process of described self-correcting loop closed loop work is: when four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer exists while debuging error, the barycenter of the hot spot that standard flat ripple forms after imaging len can depart from the initial point of 4 quadrant detector, the output signal of slope counter by 4 quadrant detector calculates the side-play amount of facula mass center and is scaled the error of debuging of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, self-correcting processor calculates the voltage that need to be loaded into wavetilt corrector according to the error of debuging of slope counter output, thereby the certain two dimension angular of wavetilt corrector deflection under the effect of voltage is proofreaied and correct the error of debuging of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, after debuging error and being proofreaied and correct, the initial point of the hot spot that standard flat ripple forms after imaging len in 4 quadrant detector.
Further, described wavetilt corrector can be tilting mirror, can be also that liquid crystal modulator can be adjusted the device of incident wavefront global slopes like this under voltage signal is controlled.
Principle of the present invention is: the barycenter of debuging the hot spot that error can form through imaging len by measurement standard plane wave of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer and the side-play amount between 4 quadrant detector initial point obtain, and wavetilt corrector certain two dimension angular of deflection under the effect of voltage, give the fixing two-dimensional space slope of loading before reflection wave, thereby offset the error of debuging of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, so proposed to install wavetilt corrector and self-correcting processor additional in traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer: first input standard flat ripple before wavetilt corrector, then utilize wavetilt corrector, imaging len, 4 quadrant detector, slope counter and self-correcting processor to form the closed loop work of self-correcting loop, the barycenter of the hot spot that standard flat ripple is formed through imaging len moves to the origin position of 4 quadrant detector, proofread and correct the error of debuging of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, and keep the output voltage of self-correcting processor constant, finally before wavetilt corrector, input wavefront to be measured, by 4 quadrant detector and slope counter, measure the global slopes of wavefront to be measured.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention can proofread and correct the error of debuging of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer,
2, the present invention can also improve sensitivity and the dynamic range of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, can proofread and correct wavefront overall tilt fast and stable condition is provided for tilted tracking system.
3, the present invention has only added wavetilt corrector and self-correcting processor in traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, simple in structure, and traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer is easily realized transformation and upgrade.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for can proofread and correct the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer schematic diagram of debuging error;
Fig. 2 is traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is facula position and the surface of intensity distribution on 4 quadrant detector before demarcating;
Fig. 4 is facula position and the surface of intensity distribution on 4 quadrant detector after demarcating;
Fig. 5 is wavefront slope measured value and the measuring error of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer before and after demarcating.
In figure: 1: wavetilt corrector, 2: imaging len, 3: 4 quadrant detector, 4: slope counter, 5: self-correcting processor, 6: standard flat ripple, 7: wavefront to be measured, 8: demarcate (wavefront of standard flat ripple after the reflection of wavetilt corrector) before reflection wave 9: before reflection wave to be measured (wavefront of wavefront to be measured after the reflection of wavetilt corrector).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of can adaptively correcting debuging error as shown in Figure 1, on the basis of traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, installed wavetilt corrector 1 and self-correcting processor 5 additional, the course of work is divided into following two steps:
One, calibration steps:
At the front input standard flat of wavetilt corrector 1 ripple 6, owing to debuging the existence of error, the barycenter of the hot spot that standard flat ripple 6 forms at 4 quadrant detector 3 places after imaging len 2 can depart from the initial point of 4 quadrant detector 3, as shown in Fig. 3 left side, now the output signal of 4 quadrant detector 3 each quadrants is as shown in Fig. 3 right side.
Self-correcting processor 5 is receiving the wavetilt measuring error (E of slope counter 4 outputs
x, E
y) after, according to the property calculation of wavetilt corrector 1, go out to drive 1 deflection of wavetilt corrector
required voltage during angle, then exports and keeps.
Before the demarcation reflection wave of standard flat ripple 6 after 1 reflection of wavetilt corrector, 8 pitch angle is (E
x,-E
y), so demarcation reflection wave front 8 centroid position at the hot spot at 4 quadrant detector 3 photosurface places after imaging len 2 can move (Δ x,-Δ y), now the centroid position of hot spot overlaps with the initial point of 4 quadrant detector 3, as shown in Fig. 4 left side, the output signal of 4 quadrant detector 3 each quadrants is like shown in Fig. 4 right side.
Two, measuring process:
At the front input of wavetilt corrector 1 wavefront 7 to be measured, the global slopes of supposing wavefront 7 to be measured is (T
x, T
y), because wavetilt corrector 1 is keeping deflection after calibration process
angle, before the reflection wave to be measured that therefore wavefront 7 to be measured forms after 1 reflection of wavetilt corrector, 9 global slopes is (T
x-E
x, T
y-E
y), the centroid offset of the hot spot that now reflection wave to be measured front 9 forms at 4 quadrant detector 3 places after imaging len 2 is (x
t-Δ x, y
t-Δ y), (x wherein
t, y
t) be that global slopes due to wavefront 7 to be measured causes.
Centroid motion (the Δ x that error can cause 9 hot spots that form at 4 quadrant detector 3 places after imaging len 2 before reflection wave to be measured that debugs due to four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, Δ y), therefore, the barycenter of hot spot is with respect to the final side-play amount (x of the initial point of 4 quadrant detector 3
t, y
t), so the wavefront slope of now four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer output is (T
x, T
y).
Fig. 5 is the curve map of measuring the result that the wavefront to be measured 7 of Different Slope obtains after four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer is demarcated result that the wavefront to be measured 7 of pre-test Different Slope obtains and demarcated.Because the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer before demarcating is the same with traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, exist and debug error, therefore to the gradient measuring error of the wavefront to be measured 7 before the debuging error and demarcate of four-quadrant inclination sensor much larger than the gradient measuring error that adopts the calibrated wavefront 7 to be measured of method of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 5 right side.Thereby proved that the present invention can reduce four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer really effectively due to the measuring error of debuging error and bringing.
The not detailed disclosed part of the present invention belongs to the known technology of this area.
Although above the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described; so that the technician of present technique neck understands the present invention; but should be clear; the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment; to those skilled in the art; as long as various variations appended claim limit and definite the spirit and scope of the present invention in, these variations are apparent, all utilize innovation and creation that the present invention conceives all at the row of protection.
Claims (3)
1. an energy adaptively correcting is debug the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of error, comprise wavetilt corrector (1), imaging len (2), 4 quadrant detector (3), slope counter (4) and self-correcting processor (5), it is characterized in that: in traditional four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, added wavetilt corrector (1) and self-correcting processor (5); Wavetilt corrector (1), imaging len (2), 4 quadrant detector (3), slope counter (4) and self-correcting processor (5) form self-correcting loop, can proofread and correct the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of debuging error and when working, successively experience following two steps:
● calibration steps: first at wavetilt corrector (1) front input standard flat ripple (6), the barycenter of the hot spot that then closed loop work in self-correcting loop forms standard flat ripple (6) after imaging len (2) moves to the initial point of 4 quadrant detector (3), last self-correcting processor (5) thus keep the two-dimentional reflection angle of output voltage constant maintenance wavetilt corrector (1);
● measuring process: after completing calibration steps, at the front input of wavetilt corrector (1) wavefront to be measured (7), when the whole slope of wavefront to be measured (7) is not 0, the hot spot that wavefront to be measured (7) forms after imaging len (2) can depart from the initial point of 4 quadrant detector (3), and slope counter (4) calculates global slopes the output of wavefront to be measured (7) by the output signal of 4 quadrant detector (3).
2. a kind of energy adaptively correcting according to claim 1 is debug the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of error, it is characterized in that: the process of described self-correcting loop closed loop work is: when four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer exists while debuging error, the barycenter of the hot spot that standard flat ripple (6) forms after imaging len (2) can depart from the initial point of 4 quadrant detector (3), the output signal of slope counter (4) by 4 quadrant detector (3) calculates the side-play amount of facula mass center and is scaled the error of debuging of four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer, self-correcting processor (5) calculates the voltage that need to be loaded into wavetilt corrector (1) according to the error of debuging of slope counter (4) output, wavetilt corrector (1) thus the error of debuging that the certain two dimension angular of deflection is proofreaied and correct four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer under the effect of voltage, after debuging error and being proofreaied and correct, the initial point of the hot spot that standard flat ripple (6) forms after imaging len (2) in 4 quadrant detector (3).
3. a kind of energy adaptively correcting according to claim 1 is debug the four-quadrant inclination tracking transducer of error, it is characterized in that: described wavetilt corrector (1) can be tilting mirror, can be also that liquid crystal modulator can be adjusted the device of incident wavefront global slopes like this under voltage signal is controlled.
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