CN103629920A - Vertical blast sintering reactor - Google Patents

Vertical blast sintering reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103629920A
CN103629920A CN201310546830.XA CN201310546830A CN103629920A CN 103629920 A CN103629920 A CN 103629920A CN 201310546830 A CN201310546830 A CN 201310546830A CN 103629920 A CN103629920 A CN 103629920A
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blast
sintering
vertical
lead
heater
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CN201310546830.XA
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CN103629920B (en
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刘锦新
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YINGDE CITY XINYU MORE RENEWABLE RESOURCES Co Ltd
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YINGDE CITY XINYU MORE RENEWABLE RESOURCES Co Ltd
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Abstract

Provided is a vertical blast sintering reactor. The vertical blast sintering reactor comprises a furnace body which is vertically installed, wherein a dust collection cover is arranged on the upper portion of the furnace body, a feeding inlet and a flue gas outlet are formed in the dust collection cover, the middle of the furnace body comprises a preheating area, a drying area, an oxidation and semi-molten sintering area and a cooling area from top to bottom, a crushing device is arranged on the lower portion of the furnace body, the crushing device comprises a movable frontal plate and a fixed frontal plate, the movable frontal plate is connected with a rotary disk which uses a supporting roll in the center of the furnace body and in the radial direction of the furnace body as a rotary shaft, the fixed frontal plate is fixed to the furnace wall, a discharging outlet and a blast channel are further formed in the lower portion of the furnace body, and a blast hole of the blast channel is formed below the movable frontal plate. The vertical blast sintering reactor which integrates the drying function, the sintering function and the blast function in the field of lead smelting is used for preprocessing secondary materials with lead, the problem that according to a traditional lead smelting method, a sintering machine is serious in pollution is solved, centralized processing of secondary waste with the lead is achieved, further processing of the secondary materials with the lead is achieved, and recycling is achieved.

Description

A kind of vertical updraught sintering reactor
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pyrometallurgical smelting equipment of metal, relate in particular to a kind of vertical updraught sintering reactor.
Background technology
At present, the present age, plumbous production method was almost pyrometallurgical smelting entirely, and wet method refining lead is at present also in conceptual phase.Tradition is refined plumbous or new lead-smelting method all based on redox principle, and just energy consumption height is different from the degree weight of environmental pollution in difference.Oxidizing roasting-retailoring of blast furnace is as the most traditional lead-smelting method, at present this method production for 90% left and right of ore deposit lead in the world.This method comprises that vulcanized lead and other sulfide high-temperature oxydation in concentrate of lead sulfide ore generate the process that oxide (also may generate metal) or Reduction of Oxide become metal.As vulcanized lead completes following reaction when the oxidation-reduction smelting:
2PbS+3O 2=2PbO+2SO 2
PbO+CO(C)=Pb+CO 2(CO);
PbS+O 2=Pb+SO 2
This method is, on sintering machine, concentrate of lead sulfide ore is carried out to high-temperature oxydation desulfurization, and lead-containing material clinkering is become to agglomerate, then sintering is carried out to reduction melting soon together with coke in blast furnace and obtains lead bullion.This method has the features such as strong adaptability, stable production process, production capacity are large, so be still used as main lead-smelting method so far.But this method also exists the shortcomings such as the high and environmental pollution of energy consumption is serious, thereby be subject to the impact of Process of Direct Lead Smelting method.
Single step smelting lead method is to utilize concentrate of lead sulfide ore powdery or melting to be oxidized rapidly, in unit interval, emit a large amount of heat, impel in furnace charge instantaneously between each component to complete all metallurgical reactions, reaction heat is fully used, thereby overcome the shortcoming of traditional lead smelting process and developed.
Yet, two kinds of conventional refining splicer skills of above-mentioned retailoring of blast furnace method and single step smelting lead method all cannot all be processed leaded secondary slugs, the granular material of (containing the crystallization water) of sulfur-bearing lead plumbate, lead silicate, lead oxide particularly, because these lead-containing materials not only can not burn heat release moment to maintain the heat balance in drying materials, semi-molten and oxidizing process in oven dry and oxidizing process, such as lead sulfate, first carry out in oxidizing process time the endothermic reaction, after carry out exothermic reaction, its oxidation equation formula is: PbSO 4(during heat absorption Dao≤600o)=PbS+2O 2, 2 PbS+3O 2(heat release)=2PbO+2SO 2.So bring fatal harm to conventional refining splicer skill especially single step smelting lead technique, because single step smelting lead technical process is to carry out in an airtight container, the oven dry of material, oxidation, fusion process require moment under heat release high-temperature situation to complete physical-chemical reaction, so that normally the carrying out of material reduction process.The plumbous secondary material especially granular material that contains the crystallization water of sulfur-bearing lead plumbate, lead silicate, lead oxide does not possess above-mentioned condition, therefore refine in plumbous process, cannot concentrate this material of a large amount of processing, thereby causes the very unmanageable situation of this material.
In sum, there is following defect in existing refining splicer skill: 1) cannot all use leaded secondary slugs refining plumbous; 2) traditional oxidizing roasting-retailoring of blast furnace method energy consumption is high; 3) in oxidizing roasting process because flue gas, dust leak and absorption rate of sulfur dioxide is not up to standard, thereby cause environmental pollution serious.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the weak point of the prior art of above-mentioned indication, the invention provides a kind of vertical updraught sintering reactor, to solve the with serious pollution problem of sintering machine and leaded secondary slugs in tradition refining lead, be difficult to concentrate the problem recycling of refining.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A vertical updraught sintering reactor, comprises the body of heater of vertical installation, and the top of described body of heater is provided with dust collection cover, and this dust collection cover is provided with charging aperture and exhanst gas outlet; Body of heater middle part comprises preheating zone, baking zone, oxidation and semi-molten sintering zone, cooling zone from top to bottom successively; The bottom of body of heater is provided with breaker, this breaker comprises being positioned at the moving frontal plate that rotating disk that the backing roll at body of heater radial center place is rotating shaft connects and is fixed on the quota plate on furnace wall, the bottom of described body of heater is also provided with discharging opening and blast channel, and the blast orifice of blast channel is located at moving frontal plate below.
On the furnace wall corresponding with moving frontal plate installation site, be fixed with further at least one ring-type quota plate, the longitudinal section of this quota plate is domatic.
Described blast channel stretches to body of heater radial center in addition from furnace wall, is socketed on outside the backing roll of breaker, and extends to moving frontal plate below.Described moving frontal plate top is fixedly connected with the blast hood of semi-sphere shape.
Further, described backing roll is connected at the transmission mechanism of bottom of furnace body.
Preferably, on the furnace wall of described oxidation and semi-molten sintering zone, have ventilating opening connecting secondary air-blast device.
The top of described truncated cone-shaped dust collection cover is charging aperture, and side is provided with the operating means of exhanst gas outlet and vertical updraught sintering reactor.Preferably, described charging aperture place is provided with charge level control device, and this charge level control device is gamma-rays controller.
The furnace wall at described body of heater middle part adopts refractory material, and comprises the inwall that adopts metal material and the outer wall that adopts refractory material near the furnace wall of breaker.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is directed to conventional lead smelting process and single step smelting lead method and all cannot all process the present situation of leaded secondary slugs, for the pretreatment of leaded secondary material, in plumbous field of smelting, adopt the vertical reactor that integrates oven dry, sintering, air blast; After leaded secondary material and other flux are blended in and are processed in this reactor, flue gas is qualified discharge through lower the temperature, gather dust, after desulfurization processing, and lead-containing material forms porous, hard oxidation block after preheating, oven dry, oxidation and sinter, cooling, fragmentation; It is seriously polluted that this method had both been eliminated in traditional refining lead sintering machine, do not meet the problem of environmental requirement, solved again a difficult problem that focuses on leaded secondary slugs, for the further processing of leaded secondary material realizes resources circulation, started new process route.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of vertical updraught sintering reactor of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the local enlarged diagram of A in accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the refining lead system connection diagram of application vertical updraught sintering reactor of the present invention;
The plumbous process flow diagram of refining that accompanying drawing 4 is application vertical updraught sintering reactor of the present invention.
In figure: 1-body of heater, 2-dust collection cover, 3-charging aperture, 4-exhanst gas outlet, 5-preheating zone, 6-baking zone, 7-oxidation and semi-molten sintering zone, 8-cooling zone, 9-breaker, 10-backing roll, 11-rotating disk, 12-moves frontal plate, 13-quota plate, 14-discharging opening, 15-blast channel, 16-blast hood, 17-transmission mechanism, 18-operating means, 19-inwall, 20-outer wall, 21-blanking device, 22-belt feeder, 23-bucket elevator, 24-biaxial rneader, 25-drum pelletizer, the vertical updraught sintering reactor of 26-, 27-surface-cooler, 28-bagroom, 29-desulfurizing tower, 30-chimney.
The specific embodiment
For the ease of those skilled in the art's understanding, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
A vertical updraught sintering reactor, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the body of heater 1 of vertical installation, and the top of described body of heater is provided with dust collection cover 2, and this dust collection cover is provided with charging aperture 3 and for discharging the exhanst gas outlet 4 of ash-laden gas.Particularly, the top of described truncated cone-shaped dust collection cover 2 is charging aperture 3, and side is provided with exhanst gas outlet 4, and the flue gas producing in reaction is expelled to flue gas processing device.The operating means 18 of vertical updraught sintering reactor is also installed in described dust collection cover 2; this operating means is for carrying out centralized Control and adjustment to parameters such as the blow rate required of reactor, temperature, discharging speeds, and described dust collection cover is provided with the actuating doors for the protection of this operating means.Charging aperture 3 places of described dust collection cover are also provided with charge level control device, and this charge level control device is gamma-rays controller, for ensureing the degree of accuracy of automatic blanking location.
Described body of heater 1 middle part comprises preheating zone 5, baking zone 6, oxidation and semi-molten sintering zone 7, cooling zone 8 from top to bottom successively.Material enters after reactor, from top to bottom through preheating zone, baking zone, oxidation semi-molten sintering zone, cooling zone.The design temperature of described preheating zone 5 is 100 ℃~350 ℃, and baking zone 6 is 350 ℃~650 ℃, and oxidation semi-molten sintering zone 7 is 650 ℃~950 ℃, and cooling zone 8 is 150 ℃~900 ℃.Wherein, on the furnace wall of described oxidation and semi-molten sintering zone 7, have ventilating opening connecting secondary air-blast device, to supplement air in course of reaction.Waste-heat recovery device is also installed on described furnace body outer wall, collects the heat energy producing in course of reaction, output low-pressure steam, by the heat recycling reclaiming.
As shown in Figure 2, the bottom of described body of heater 1, especially the bottom of cooling zone 8 is provided with breaker 9, and this breaker comprises moving frontal plate 12 and the quota plate 13 cooperatively interacting.Described moving frontal plate 12 is connected in to be positioned on the rotating disk 11 that the backing roll 10 at body of heater radial center place is rotating shaft, and described backing roll 10 is connected at the transmission mechanism 17 of bottom of furnace body, by this transmission mechanism 17, drives rotation.On the furnace wall corresponding with moving frontal plate 12 installation sites, be fixed with at least one ring-type quota plate 13, the longitudinal section of this quota plate is domatic.On furnace wall as shown in Figure 1, be fixed with two quota plates.The described moving frontal plate 12 with dial rotation forms crushing forces with the quota plate 13 on furnace wall, and automatic pulverizing forms porous, hard oxidation block after the material of sintering, so that subsequent treatment; And contribute to material to be evenly distributed.
The bottom of described body of heater is also provided with discharging opening 14 and blast channel 15, and the blast orifice of blast channel is located at moving frontal plate 12 belows.Described blast channel 15 stretches to body of heater radial center in addition from furnace wall, is socketed on outside the backing roll 10 of breaker, and extends to moving frontal plate 12 belows.Blast channel 15 is connected in the blast apparatus of reactor outside, and air flows to blast orifice by blast channel 15, and through rotating disk 11, the material of cooling zone 8 is carried out to air blast cooling.Preferably, the blast hood 16 that described moving frontal plate 12 tops are fixedly connected with semi-sphere shape prevents that for isolating material it from stopping up blast orifice, and air enters cooling zone through this blast hood 16.
The furnace wall at described body of heater middle part adopts refractory material, preferably, the close breaker of cooling zone and the furnace wall in air blast region comprise the inwall 19 that adopts metal material and the outer wall 20 that adopts refractory material, use the inwall of metal material can resist impulsive force when material seethes, inwall being caused, avoid inwall to damage.The height overall of described vertical updraught sintering reactor is controlled at 6~9 meters, can freely adjust according to plumbous secondary material different in kind, and feeding quantity size is controlled according to desired yield rate size.
The vertical updraught sintering reactor of this invention is due to a flue gas discharge opening being only set, so realized dust-laden, containing the concentrated discharge of sulfur dioxide flue gas, after processing, follow up device can realize qualified discharge completely, thereby the dust, the sulfur dioxide flue gas that have overcome the existence of normal sintering machine leak, the situation that environmental pollution is serious.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, adopt overall process computer controlled automatic, be various materials from material loading, transport, discharging all realizes automation, especially in reactor, according to the burning velocity of different material characteristic, automatically adjust the blow rate required, according to the cooling velocity of different material characteristic, automatically adjust quantum of output, thereby realize the proportioning of oven dry, sintering process optimal processing parameter simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, the refining lead system that utilizes reactor of the present invention is disclosed.Described refining lead system comprises blanking device 21, for transporting belt feeder 22 and bucket elevator 23, biaxial rneader 24, drum pelletizer 25, vertical updraught sintering reactor 26, air-blast device, low-pressure vapor residual heat use device and the smoke processing system of material.Described smoke processing system comprises surface-cooler 27, bagroom 28, desulfurizing tower 29 and chimney 30 successively.
As shown in Figure 4, the refining splicer skill of utilizing reactor of the present invention is disclosed.For conventional lead smelting process and single step smelting lead method, all cannot all process the present situation of leaded secondary slugs, first, by leaded secondary slugs (PbSO 4, Pbs, Pbo, Pbsio 3deng), iron-containing waste, agstone, anchracite duff and other flux etc. are mixed into blanking device by a certain percentage, after stirring granulation, quantitatively add continuously vertical updraught sintering reactor again, granular material in reactor from top to bottom through preheating zone (100~350 ℃ of temperature), baking zone (350~650 ℃), oxidation semi-molten sintering zone (650~950 ℃), cooling zone (900~150 ℃), and after automatic pulverizing, form porous, hard oxidation block, export subsequent handling to, block and certain proportion coke are carried out to reduction melting in blast furnace and obtain lead bullion.
This refines the chemical reaction sensible heat that plumbous process makes full use material self burning produces, and supplements the required heat of the endothermic reaction in plumbous secondary material oven dry, oxidizing process on the other hand with anchracite duff burning institute quantity of heat production.Due to said process, to complete the reaction time slower, the possibility realizing in Process of Direct Lead Smelting method is minimum, so this technique just completes the oxidation pre-treatment of plumbous secondary material, be about to plumbous secondary material and form porous, hard oxidation block, then will be fast and certain proportion coke in blast furnace, under high temperature and reducing atmosphere, carry out reduction melting and obtain lead bullion.Another feature of this technique is to make full use of waste heat to reduce energy resource consumption, in vertical updraught sintering reactor outside, has installed waste-heat recovery device, output low-pressure steam additional.The present invention confirms practical through commerical test, operational effect is good, and described vertical updraught sintering reactor can replace tradition refining Lead sintering machine completely, and its technique for applying is real is to process at present the ideal technology of plumbous secondary material.
The batching of leaded secondary slugs and other material, flux, mix, stirring, granulation etc. adopt and conventional refining splicer skill in similar steps flow chart.And flue gas processing is compared with conventional lead-smelting method, the concentration requirement that does not reach sulfuric acid processed because processing leaded secondary slugs sulfur dioxide in flue gas concentration can not sulfuric acid processed, therefore the ash-laden gas that this technique produces washs and up to standardly discharges by chimney by alkali lye (as sodium hydroxide solution) in dedusting.Flue gas is as follows through alkali liquid washing reaction equation:
CaO+H 2O = Ca(OH) 2
Ca(OH) 2+SO 2= CaSO 3+H 2O;
CaSO 3+ H 2o+O 2=CaSO 4+ 2H 2o (gypsum).
The flue gas that this technique produces is qualified discharge through lowering the temperature, gather dust, after desulfurization, and all use leaded secondary slugs as refining leady raw materials, the lead-containing material that leaded secondary slugs is exported after vertical updraught sintering reactor can meet the requirement of Lead Smelting in Blast Furnace, both eliminated in traditional refining lead sintering machine seriously polluted, do not meet the problem of environmental requirement, solved again a difficult problem that focuses on leaded secondary slugs, for further processing and the resources circulation of leaded secondary material provides a kind of new process.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete optimal way further description made for the present invention, should not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to above explanation.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, within the definite protection domain of the claim that all should be considered as being submitted to by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a vertical updraught sintering reactor, comprises and it is characterized in that the body of heater (1) of vertical installation: the top of described body of heater is provided with dust collection cover (2), this dust collection cover is provided with charging aperture (3) and exhanst gas outlet (4); Body of heater middle part comprises preheating zone (5), baking zone (6), oxidation and semi-molten sintering zone (7), cooling zone (8) from top to bottom successively; The bottom of body of heater is provided with breaker (9), the moving frontal plate (12) that the backing roll (10) that this breaker comprises being positioned at body of heater radial center place connects for the rotating disk of rotating shaft (11) and be fixed on the quota plate (13) on furnace wall, the bottom of described body of heater is also provided with discharging opening (14) and blast channel (15), and the blast orifice of blast channel is located at moving frontal plate (12) below.
2. vertical updraught sintering reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the furnace wall corresponding with moving frontal plate (12) installation site, be fixed with at least one ring-type quota plate (13), the longitudinal section of this quota plate is domatic.
3. vertical updraught sintering reactor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described blast channel (15) stretches to body of heater radial center in addition from furnace wall, be socketed on outside the backing roll (10) of breaker, and extend to moving frontal plate (12) below.
4. vertical updraught sintering reactor according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described moving frontal plate (12) top is fixedly connected with the blast hood (16) of semi-sphere shape.
5. vertical updraught sintering reactor according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described backing roll (10) is connected at the transmission mechanism (17) of bottom of furnace body.
6. vertical updraught sintering reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the furnace wall of described oxidation and semi-molten sintering zone (7), have ventilating opening connecting secondary air-blast device.
7. vertical updraught sintering reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of described truncated cone-shaped dust collection cover (2) is charging aperture (3), side is provided with the operating means (18) of exhanst gas outlet (4) and vertical updraught sintering reactor.
8. vertical updraught sintering reactor according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described charging aperture (3) locates to be provided with charge level control device, and this charge level control device is gamma-rays controller.
9. according to the vertical updraught sintering reactor described in any one in claim 1~8, it is characterized in that: the furnace wall at described body of heater middle part adopts refractory material, and comprise the inwall (19) that adopts metal material and the outer wall (20) that adopts refractory material near the furnace wall of breaker.
CN201310546830.XA 2013-11-07 2013-11-07 A kind of vertical updraught sintering reactor Expired - Fee Related CN103629920B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105066703A (en) * 2015-08-31 2015-11-18 钦州西北冶金设备有限公司 Efficient and energy-saving vertical type sintering machine
CN112179139A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-05 镇江瑞昊工程塑料有限公司 Batch feeding device for oven sintering furnace

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JP2008163399A (en) * 2006-12-28 2008-07-17 Denka Consult & Eng Co Ltd Curing device for agglomerated fine powder
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105066703A (en) * 2015-08-31 2015-11-18 钦州西北冶金设备有限公司 Efficient and energy-saving vertical type sintering machine
CN105066703B (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-15 钦州西北冶金设备有限公司 Highly effective energy-conserving vertical sintering machine
CN112179139A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-05 镇江瑞昊工程塑料有限公司 Batch feeding device for oven sintering furnace
CN112179139B (en) * 2020-09-29 2023-10-24 镇江瑞昊工程塑料有限公司 Batch feeding device for baking oven sintering furnace

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