CN103628879A - Penetration and dissolution exploitation method of salt lake deposit channels - Google Patents
Penetration and dissolution exploitation method of salt lake deposit channels Download PDFInfo
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- CN103628879A CN103628879A CN201310661379.6A CN201310661379A CN103628879A CN 103628879 A CN103628879 A CN 103628879A CN 201310661379 A CN201310661379 A CN 201310661379A CN 103628879 A CN103628879 A CN 103628879A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a penetration and dissolution exploitation method of salt lake deposit channels. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a salt cover is exposed on the surface of a dry lake, a water delivery canal and a halogen discharging canal are respectively excavated, the water delivery canal is connected with the water source, and the halogen discharging canal is connected with a crystallizing pond or a halogen storage pond; secondly, a plurality of water supplement canals are excavated at certain interval in the direction from the water delivery canal to the halogen discharging canal, the water delivery canal is communicated with the water supplement canals in an E-shaped way, then a plurality of halogen collecting canals are excavated in intervals of the water supplement canals in the direction from the halogen discharging canal to the water delivery canal, the halogen discharging canal is communicated with the halogen collecting canals in an E-shaped way, and the halogen collecting canals and the water supplement canals are mutually embedded; thirdly, water is filled into the water supplement canals after excavation engineering is accomplished, fresh water permeates and dissolves mineral through an ore bed, produced brine flows to the halogen collecting canals, and is converged to enter the halogen discharging canal, and then discharged into the crystallizing pond or the halogen storage pond. The method has the advantages that the E-shaped embedded canals are adopted to perform penetration and dissolution exploitation halogen collection, the mining efficiency is higher, the water supplement evaporation area is reduced by more than 90 percent, and the method is applicable to large-scale promotion and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to saline lake deposit production technique field.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of saline lake deposit channel penetration solution mining method.
Background technology
Saline lake deposit exploitation has very long history.Saline lake deposit exploitation is a kind of more special open-air mineral deposit exploitation method.Comprise primary solid salt exploitation, salt pond crystallization regenerant salt exploitation and salt lake bittern and intercrystalline bittern exploitation.The exploitation of primary solid salt, adopts the techniques such as machinery excavation, saturated brine washing to improve quality of finished; Regenerant salt exploitation is mainly that intercrystalline bittern is exploited after natural evaporation crystallization in artificial salt pond, adopts and manually fishes for or adopt the exploitation of salt ship; Salt lake bittern or intercrystalline bittern exploitation are mainly to extract and deliver to salt manufacturing or chemical industry operation with pipe-pump system.The primary salt quality of solid is subject to salify ambient influnence, and its quality determines that the scope of application has certain limitation, besides the halogen lid on saline lake deposit surface is produced and is destroyed, and the mine tailing forming after mining is difficult to utilize.
Regenerant salt exploitation is restricted by salt pond bittern concentration and supplementary speed, evaporation capacity and crystallization rate, and the salt pond exploitation cycle reaches 4-7.In order to improve the increment of salt pond bittern concentration and increase intercrystalline bittern, salt lake enterprise generally adopts large area flood irrigation mode to supplement fresh water at salt pond periphery, and vadose solution solution salt mineral, to supplement intercrystalline bittern and salt pond bittern, improve crystalline rate on the lower.This mode is by fresh water through oozing under halogen lid, and dissolved salts mineral supplement intercrystalline bittern downwards, and lower molten speed is slow, digs up mine insufficient, causes the salt wasting of resources.The deficiency that this mode exists is because fresh water will be covered down and be oozed by halogen, moisturizing region and crystallizing pond distance infiltration head loss are large, cause moisturizing and dissolved efficiency low, are secondly that Salt Lake Area generally belongs to special arid area, ground surface evaporating capacity is large, causes the serious waste of freshwater resources.There is the irrigation canals and ditches moisturizing of pure in the later stage, molten to strengthen the side of salt mine, and because distance problem infiltration head loss is large, moisturizing efficiency is still very low, is of little use at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the existing deficiency of prior art, and a kind of saline lake deposit channel penetration solution mining method is provided, and it shortens intercrystalline bittern percolation path, improves moisturizing efficiency and fresh-water-saving resource, improves mining recovery.
The present invention realizes the technical scheme that foregoing invention object takes: a kind of saline lake deposit channel penetration solution mining method, comprise the following steps: 1) on playa surface, expose salt lid, excavate respectively conveyance canal and row's halogen canal, conveyance canal connects water source, and row's halogen canal connects crystallizing pond or halogen storage pool; 2) by conveyance canal, towards row's halogen canal direction, excavate at certain intervals some moisturizing canals, described conveyance canal is " E " font with moisturizing canal and is communicated with, by row's halogen canal, towards conveyance canal direction, meet moisturizing canal alternation excavation Ji Luqu again, described row's halogen canal is " E " font and is communicated with Ji Luqu, described Ji Luqu is mutually nested with moisturizing canal; 3) after open excavation completes, in moisturizing canal, pour water, fresh water, through ore bed infiltration dissolution of minerals, generates bittern and flows to Ji Luqu, then the row's of the entering halogen canal that confluxes, and enters crystallizing pond or halogen storage pool.
As preferably, by the mutually nested channel in interval at a certain distance, carry out moisturizing and collection halogen.More specifically, between adjacent moisturizing canal and collection halogen canal, distance is controlled at 100～200m.
Innovation of the present invention is, moisturizing canal and collection halogen canal close together (100-200m), fresh water dissolves halite and supplements intercrystalline bittern in process of osmosis, the flowing distance flood irrigation moisturizing and other water supplementing methods relatively in the past significantly shorten, the head loss producing is like this less, keep the higher bittern water level of Ji Luqu, and Ji Luqu and crystallizing pond are direct UNICOMs, the head loss of free flow is more much smaller than seepage flow again, can guarantee the bittern water level that crystallizing pond is higher, to guarantee that ship adopts normally carrying out of shipping technique.By regulating the water level of moisturizing canal, can control seepage discharge, guarantee the concentration of collection halogen canal bittern.By molten the adopting of channel, increase bittern concentration in crystallizing pond, reach the object that improves crystalline rate, thereby improve crystallizing pond unit area regenerant salt output.Moisturizing canal and Ji Luqu dig and are deep to primary salt base plate, and width, to guarantee mechanical constructability, should be considered certain side slope ratio, and moisturizing canal can be considered to change mutually after certain time limit with collection halogen canal.Guarantee effective molten the adopting of halite deposit, to improve ore recovery ratio.The molten efficiency of adopting of irrigation canals and ditches is high, and owing to having reduced evaporating surface than broad irrigation mode, water consumption also will significantly reduce.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has following remarkable result:
1. mining efficiency is high, and under identical output condition, it is little that molten miner makes reduction of area, and efficiency improves, and management cost reduces;
2. saving water resource, moisturizing disengagement area reduces more than 90%;
3. can exploit lean ore, make full use of salt ore resources;
4. China is a country that salt lake resources is quite abundant, and method of the present invention has good promotional value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the nested irrigation canals and ditches vadose solution of E font of the present invention is adopted halogen schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment: as shown in Figure 1, on playa surface, expose salt lid, excavation conveyance canal and row's halogen canal, conveyance canal connects water source, row halogen canal continuous crystallisation pond or halogen storage pool.By conveyance canal, towards row's halogen canal direction, excavate at certain intervals moisturizing canal again, by row's halogen canal, towards conveyance canal direction, meet moisturizing canal alternation excavation Ji Luqu.After open excavation completes, in moisturizing canal, pour water, fresh water, through ore bed infiltration dissolution of minerals, generates bittern and flows to Ji Luqu, then the row's of the entering halogen canal that confluxes, and enters crystallizing pond or halogen storage pool.
Before the present invention does not implement, adopt the moisturizing of flood irrigation formula, if fresh water through relatively fine and close salt lid, then by salt ore bed dissolve and osmotic flow to crystallizing pond, its head falls larger, salt pool water level can not get effectively supplementary.By the present invention, excavate after moisturizing canal and Ji Luqu, seepage distance is only the distance between two channels, the head loss of moisturizing and solution pervasion is very little, and Ji Luqu directly communicates with salt pond by row's halogen canal, and bittern is mobile in open channel mode, head loss is little, salt pool water level is effectively supplemented, and crystalline rate improves, and salt crust thickness increases, shorten and adopt the salt cycle thereupon, improve and adopt salt efficiency.Secondly large area reduces moisturizing disengagement area, saving water resource.
Take Jilantai Salt Lake ore deposit, Alashan League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is example:
Jilantai Salt Lake faces many new problems at present, mining production scale constantly expands, 1,500,000 tons/year have been reached now, primary salt resource constantly reduces, although dissolve periphery lean ore by number of ways moisturizing, supplement intercrystalline bittern, the water level of regenerant salt crystallizing pond still constantly declines now, causes regenerant salt crystallization thickness to reduce to decline with water level, and ship is adopted shipping difficulty gradually; In the uninterrupted moisturizing of the same area, mainly after halite stripping dissolve the mineral such as saltcake, and the continuous extraction of regenerant salt in salt pond, the mineral contents such as saltcake increase, and in lake, bittern is increasingly aging.There is following outstanding problem:
1. moisturizing radius is excessive, and moisturizing center reaches the upper km of hundreds of rice to salt pond centre distance, and feeding distance is far away, and the osmotic flow dynamic resistance impact due to intercrystalline bittern, can not effectively improve the water level in crystallizing pond and navigation channel.
2. lakebed surface moisturizing, because fresh water proportion is little, and intercrystalline bittern is than great, displacement in porous media ability is little, and head loss is large, and low concentration bittern is along the little shallow table infiltration of relative current dynamic resistance, cause in a large number the only light bittern of 5-68Be9 to be supplemented to crystallizing pond, reduce crystallization salify efficiency; On lakebed surface, form after ponding, mineral dissolution diffuses in ponding, and when ponding is dry, surface salt crust is lost by wind, worsens environment and causes the wasting of resources.
3. flood irrigation formula moisturizing, causes the Ground behind molten ore deposit to subside, and the follow-up fresh water that fills into dissolves the mineral such as saltcake, reduces intercrystalline bittern quality, and acceleration bittern is aging.
4. flood irrigation mode moisturizing causes a large amount of water evaporates, and particularly the follow-up fresh water filling into, carries silty sand and stop up hole, affects moisturizing efficiency, further causes water resource waste, and increases lake surface air humidity, affects crystallizing pond evaporation capacity, reduces crystalline rate.
The molten scheme of adopting that the present invention proposes can be at flood wall 7.76km in addition
2implement, the original artificial crystallizing pond region of part even, excavate respectively conveyance canal and moisturizing canal, Ji Luqu and row's halogen canal, each becomes system conveyance canal and moisturizing canal, Ji Luqu and row's halogen canal, and moisturizing canal is mutually nested again with Ji Luqu, to shorten the flowing distance of moisturizing, row's halogen ditch and the direct UNICOM of crystallizing pond, reduce the head loss of bittern migration.Reach the object that improves crystallizing pond water level, be convenient to ship and adopt shipping technique and continue to play a role, increase crystallizing pond salify thickness; Improve crystallizing pond bittern concentration simultaneously, reduce invalid evaporation and improve crystalline rate.
Press 3 meters of channel width, 100 meters, interval, relatively will reduce disengagement area more than 90% with the flood irrigation mode of identical moisturizing area.Moisturizing and the mining efficiency of due to the moisturizing solution pervasion of channeltype, adopting halogen increase substantially, actual moisturizing area will be far less than flood irrigation mode moisturizing area, Jilantai Salt Lake year evaporation capacity reach 2687-3000.8mm, if adopt water-saving benefit of the present invention, will be very obvious.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete embodiment, and those of ordinary skill in the art is from above-mentioned design, and without performing creative labour, all conversion of having done, within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a saline lake deposit channel penetration solution mining method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 1) on playa surface, expose salt lid, excavate respectively conveyance canal and row's halogen canal, conveyance canal connects water source, and row's halogen canal connects crystallizing pond or halogen storage pool; 2) by conveyance canal, towards row's halogen canal direction, excavate at certain intervals some moisturizing canals, described conveyance canal is " E " font with moisturizing canal and is communicated with, by row's halogen canal, towards conveyance canal direction, meet moisturizing canal alternation excavation Ji Luqu again, described row's halogen canal is " E " font and is communicated with Ji Luqu, described Ji Luqu is mutually nested with moisturizing canal; 3) after open excavation completes, in moisturizing canal, pour water, fresh water, through ore bed infiltration dissolution of minerals, generates bittern and flows to Ji Luqu, then the row's of the entering halogen canal that confluxes, and enters crystallizing pond or halogen storage pool.
2. a kind of saline lake deposit channel penetration solution mining method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: by the mutually nested channel in interval at a certain distance, carry out moisturizing and collection halogen.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105927193A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-07 | 中盐勘察设计院有限公司 | Mining method of halite ore deposit in deep, thick and solid salt lake |
| CN107152280A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-12 | 青海中航资源有限公司 | A kind of recovery method of low-grade solid kalium mine |
| CN115288657A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-04 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Dissolving mining method for improving solid sylvite conversion rate |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105927193A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-07 | 中盐勘察设计院有限公司 | Mining method of halite ore deposit in deep, thick and solid salt lake |
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| CN107152280A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-12 | 青海中航资源有限公司 | A kind of recovery method of low-grade solid kalium mine |
| CN107152280B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-07-12 | 青海中航资源有限公司 | A kind of recovery method of low-grade solid kalium mine |
| CN115288657A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-04 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Dissolving mining method for improving solid sylvite conversion rate |
| CN115288657B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-02-20 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Solution mining method for improving solid potassium salt conversion rate |
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Application publication date: 20140312 |