CN103627425B - A kind of method of residuum hydrodesulfurization - Google Patents

A kind of method of residuum hydrodesulfurization Download PDF

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CN103627425B
CN103627425B CN201210302542.5A CN201210302542A CN103627425B CN 103627425 B CN103627425 B CN 103627425B CN 201210302542 A CN201210302542 A CN 201210302542A CN 103627425 B CN103627425 B CN 103627425B
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catalyzer
salt
preparation
residuum hydrodesulfurization
carrier
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CN103627425A (en
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张春光
赵愉生
谭青峰
李勇
王延飞
程涛
于双林
那美琦
赵元生
周志远
张志国
刘元东
范建光
崔瑞利
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China Petroleum and Natural Gas Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method of residuum hydrodesulfurization; The preparation of catalyzer drips ammoniacal liquor preparation terephthalic acid solution, adds nickel salt or cobalt salt, urea and ammonium salt obtain steeping fluid, and mol ratio is 2:1:2.5-5:1-5; By steeping fluid incipient impregnation to carrier surface, room temperature leaves standstill, crystallization, washing, and at 80 DEG C-120 DEG C, drying obtains nickel salt or cobalt saline talcum; The sodium salt solution of preparation VIII acid, concentration is 14mol/L, then is immersed in the sodium salt solution of VIII acid by nickel salt or cobalt saline talcum, adjust ph to 4.5, by the solid particulate washing obtained, dry at 80-100 DEG C, at 300-700 DEG C of roasting temperature, obtain catalyzer, the catalyzer that present method is used, the metal height dispersion of load, catalytic activity is higher, for residuum hydrodesulfurization, desulfurization degree can reach 97-100%.

Description

A kind of method of residuum hydrodesulfurization
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of residuum hydrodesulfurization, is catalysis process for hydrogenating residual oil in fixed bed residual hydrogenation equipment.
Background technology
Along with crude oil heaviness, in poor quality aggravation in world wide, the increasingly stringent of environmental regulation, the demand of market to light-end products but increases year by year simultaneously, and the deep processing of development residual oil is petroleum refining industry's task of top priority.Hydrogen addition technology is faced with great challenge as main processing means, in the urgent need to developing better hydrogenation technique and more highly active hydrogenation catalyst.Common residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer take aluminum oxide as carrier matrix, with Mo/W and Ni/Co for active ingredient, appropriate auxiliary agent can certainly be added according to different requirements, as Si, Ti, Zr, B and P etc., and the current industrial main employing pickling process of preparation method.Describing with activated carbon in CN102049252A is the method that carrier loaded active metal Mo, Ni prepare catalyst for hydrotreatment of residual oil, but in conjunction with insecure between active ingredient and carrier, the phenomenon that catalytic performance also may cause loss of active component thus can not be given full play to; Reporting in CN1162621 with aluminum oxide is the method that carrier to load metal Mo, Ni prepare catalyst for hydrotreatment of residual oil, but due to support preparation method and active constituent loading method, active ingredient degree of scatter is inadequate, and activity is lower.
Adopting in the process of preparation catalyst has two factors directly to affect the dispersity of active metal on carrier.First by the surface tension of immersion solvent and the impact of solvation, be often that active ingredient to be assembled at carrier surface and formed large particle crystal at steeping process; Secondly, because active ingredient still forms extensive chemical effect with surface in steeping process, be combined more firmly with carrier to make active ingredient, often need to carry out roasting to it after catalyzer drying He before roasting, Metallic Solids in the process condenses and gradually grows up as oarse-grained crystallization.The metal specific surface area of the load type metal catalyst so obtained is little, and metal dispersity only can reach about 35%, limits the further raising of the catalytic capability of loaded catalyst.
Hydrotalcite (LayeredDoubleHydroxide is called for short LDH) has similar structure to the magnesium hydroxide of laminated structure, is the product that two valency magnesium ions in the little octahedron of laminate are replaced by the ionic metal moiety of trivalent.In LDH, two-dimentional laminate longitudinal arrangement forms three-dimensional crystalline structure, and the atom on laminate, with covalent bonds, is weak chemical bond between interlayer anion and laminate, as ionic linkage, hydrogen bond etc.LDH laminate being introduced Tricationic makes laminate skeleton positively charged, and the negatively charged ion of interlayer opposite charges balances each other with it, makes whole crystal show electric neutrality.The principle of hydrotalcite can be formed according to suitable divalent-metal ion and trivalent metal ion, the atom of metal active constituent coordinates with other divalent metal atom and introduces hydrotalcite laminate by someone, the joint effect of the orientation effect of and crystal Atom minimum by lattice energy, the main part of this metal active, in the dispersion of hydrotalcite precursor camber, can prepare the metal load type catalyst of excellent property.
In CN1483512A, describe to contain the process that palladium LDHs is precursor power metal catalyst, and the application in residual oil model compound anthraquinone and derivative hydrogenation given by this catalyzer.But because metallic palladium belongs to precious metal, cost is higher, is difficult to industrial applications.Therefore the catalyzer of the common metal such as preparation load molybdenum tungsten nickel is only had just to have the value of industrial application.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of residuum hydrodesulfurization.The method for preparing catalyst of the method overcomes the defect of conventional pickling process, active metal can be made to be highly dispersed in carrier bore surface by this method, thus the activity of catalyzer is increased substantially.
The catalyzer that the method for residuum hydrodesulfurization of the present invention is used adopts in-situ deposition technology fabricated in situ in carrier surface hole to contain the hydrotalcite composite material of group VIII metal, adopt ion exchange method that the anion metathesis containing group vib metal is entered hydrotalcite on this basis, formed with polyanionic post support matrix material, then through roasting obtain many metals carrier surface and duct inner height dispersion catalyzer.Wherein group VIII metal is Ni or Co, the 1wt%-9wt% that content (in metal oxide weight) is catalyst weight, and group vib metal is Mo or W, the 5wt%-15wt% that content (in metal oxide weight) is catalyst weight.The pore volume of catalyzer is: 0.5-1.0ml/g, and specific surface area is 190-280m 2/ g.
The concrete preparation method of this catalyzer is as follows:
A. the preparation of steeping fluid: first prepare terephthalic acid solution, drips ammoniacal liquor and makes it just dissolve in the process of preparation; Then add nickel salt (or cobalt salt), urea and ammonium salt and obtain steeping fluid, in steeping fluid, the mol ratio of terephthalic acid, nickel salt (or cobalt salt), urea and ammonium salt is 2:1:2.5-5:1-5.Divalent nickel salt used can be Ni (NO 3) 2, NiCl 2, Ni (AC) 2, NiBr 2in any one.
B. the preparation of nickel salt (or cobalt salt) hydrotalcite.Adopt equi-volume impregnating to be impregnated into carrier surface steeping fluid, then room temperature leaves standstill 6-24h, then moves to crystallization 24-32h in Pressure vessel, and after crystallization, for several times, dry 12-24h at 80 DEG C-120 DEG C, obtains nickel salt (or cobalt salt) hydrotalcite in washing.Carrier used is Al 2o 3, SiO 2or any one in activated carbon, the shape of carrier is that spherical, bar shaped, Herba Galii Bungei type or cylindrical particle, granularity are between 5-200 order.Wherein Al 2o 3the crystal formation of carrier is any one in γ, η, δ, θ, α or their two or more mixing crystal formation; SiO 2mesopore or gross porosity with the pore structure of activity carbon carrier.
C. the preparation of catalyzer: the sodium salt solution of preparation VIII acid, concentration is 1-4mol/L, again nickel salt (or cobalt salt) hydrotalcite is immersed in the sodium salt solution of VIII acid, and with acid for adjusting pH value to 4.5, stir 1-2h, by the green solid particle washing obtained, dry 12-24h at 80-100 DEG C, last at 300-700 DEG C of roasting temperature 2-24 hour, preferably roasting 5-12 hour at 400-600 DEG C, hydrotalcite precursor is made to be converted into complex metal oxides completely, namely secure satisfactory grades loose loading type residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer, wherein the sodium of VIII acid is Na 2moO 42H 2o, Na 2wO 42H 2o, Na 2h 9p (Mo 2o 7) 62H 2o, Na 2h 9p (W 2o 7) 62H 2o, or the mixing of wherein two kinds of salt, the acid of adjust ph is nitric acid or hydrochloric acid.
With Al in the selection of carrier 2o 3for optimum, not only because Al 2o 3carrier has suitable pore structure and satisfactory stability, Another reason is aluminium source synthesis nickel salt (or cobalt salt) hydrotalcite precursor that can utilize carrier bore surface, make firmly to be combined between active metal with carrier in the catalyzer of final preparation, thus obtain longer stability in use and work-ing life.
Adopt temperature programming hydroxide titration (H 2-O 2-TPD) method measures active metal dispersity in catalyzer prepared by the present invention, and result is all between 48-62%.And adopt catalyzer prepared by traditional pickling process, measured by same method, the dispersity of its active metal is less than 35%.
High dispersive bimetal residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer the present invention prepared is examined with atmospheric resid desulphurization reaction process, in whole process hydrodesulfurization process, experimental installation keeps hydrogen dividing potential drop to remain on 10-14MPa, temperature of reaction is between 300-400 ° of C, and desulfurization degree can reach 97-100%.This result illustrates, the high dispersive residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer of this device invention, has better activity than the catalyzer of other identical load metal used at present.
Unusual effect of the present invention is, owing to being at carrier bore surface fabricated in situ bimetal LDH, be grown on divalent metal on the laminate of the bimetal LDH lamellar precursor of carrier bore surface and sexavalence metallate ion and become high dispersing state by the impact of lattice energy, metallic cation is all transformed into its corresponding oxide compound after baking, the metallic sulfide of high dispersing is being transformed into through pre-vulcanization process, and other divalence, trivalent light metal oxide compound does not react in pre-vulcanization process, and play separant and promotor effect at catalyst pores internal surface.By metal load type catalyst prepared by the method, stronger interaction is had between its active ingredient and carrier, enable active metal component stably be present in the bore surface of carrier, this catalyzer is used for residuum hydrodesulfurization treating processes, has stronger activity and work-ing life.
The object of the invention is to prepare a kind of novel residual oil Hydrobon catalyst, it is characterized in that catalyzer is prepared by stratiform presoma LDHs, the metal height dispersion of load, catalytic activity is higher.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is with γ-Al 2o 3as carrier, with metal oxide NiO and MoO 3residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer is prepared, wherein NiO content 2.5wt%, MoO as active ingredient 3content 8.5wt%.
Take 12.5g terephthalic acid and put into beaker, add 350ml deionized water, dropping ammoniacal liquor also fully stirs and makes it dissolve, and then adds 11.0gNi (NO 3) 26H 2o, 4.5g urea and 4.5g ammonium nitrate, obtain steeping fluid after dissolving.Steeping fluid is added lentamente and is equipped with 100g γ-Al 2o 3beaker in, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and dropwises rear Keep agitation 5min, and then place in room temperature and be no less than 12h, move to 120 DEG C of crystallization 24h in Pressure vessel, crystallization is complete, and for several times, dry 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al in washing 2o 3.
Take 12.0g (NH 4) 6mo 7o 244H 2o, adds the abundant stirring and dissolving of 200ml water, is then added drop-wise to TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3above and stir, drip the HNO of 4mol/L simultaneously 3solution, adjust ph to 4.5, settlement separate after stirring 100min, by the washing of green solid particle, drying, spend deionized water repetitive scrubbing, gained solid particulate is dry 12h at 80 DEG C, obtains Mo 7o 24 6--Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3.In 550 DEG C of air, calcine 4h again, obtain residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer.
Measuring 100ml catalyst loading enters in the small-sized evaluating apparatus of fixed bed residual hydrocracking, and carry out reaction evaluating with the long residuum that sulphur content is 4%, reaction pressure is 16MPa, and in product, sulphur content is 0.6%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is with γ-Al 2o 3as carrier, with metal oxide CoO and MoO 3residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer is prepared, wherein CoO content 2.5wt%, MoO as active ingredient 3content 8.5wt%.
Take 12.5g terephthalic acid and put into beaker, add 350ml deionized water, dropping ammoniacal liquor also fully stirs and makes it dissolve, and then adds 11.0gCo (NO 3) 26H 2o, 4.5g urea and 4.5g ammonium nitrate, obtain steeping fluid after dissolving.Steeping fluid is added lentamente and is equipped with 100g γ-Al 2o 3beaker in, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and dropwises rear Keep agitation 5min, and then place in room temperature and be no less than 12h, move to 120 DEG C of crystallization 24h in Pressure vessel, crystallization is complete, and for several times, dry 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains TAMA-Co-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al in washing 2o 3.
Take 12.0g (NH 4) 6mo 7o 244H 2o, adds the abundant stirring and dissolving of 200ml water, is then added drop-wise to TAMA-Co-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3above and stir, drip the HNO of 4mol/L simultaneously 3solution, adjust ph to 4.5, settlement separate after stirring 100min, by the washing of green solid particle, drying, spend deionized water repetitive scrubbing, gained solid particulate is dry 12h at 80 DEG C, obtains Mo 7o 24 6--Co-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3.In 550 DEG C of air, calcine 4h again, obtain residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer.
Measuring 100ml catalyst loading enters in the small-sized evaluating apparatus of fixed bed residual hydrocracking, and carry out reaction evaluating with the long residuum that sulphur content is 4%, reaction pressure is 16MPa, and in product, sulphur content is 0.8%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is with γ-Al 2o 3as carrier, with metal oxide NiO and WO 3residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer is prepared, wherein NiO content 2.5wt%, WO as active ingredient 3content 13.6wt%.
Take 12.5g terephthalic acid and put into beaker, add 350ml deionized water, dropping ammoniacal liquor also fully stirs and makes it dissolve, and then adds 11.0gNi (NO 3) 26H 2o, 4.5g urea and 4.5g ammonium nitrate, obtain steeping fluid after dissolving.Steeping fluid is added lentamente and is equipped with 100g γ-Al 2o 3beaker in, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and dropwises rear Keep agitation 5min, and then place in room temperature and be no less than 12h, move to 120 DEG C of crystallization 24h in Pressure vessel, crystallization is complete, and for several times, dry 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al in washing 2o 3.
Take 17.2g (NH 4) 10w 12o 41, add the abundant stirring and dissolving of 200ml water, be then added drop-wise to TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3above and stir, drip the HNO of 4mol/L simultaneously 3solution, adjust ph to 4.5, settlement separate after stirring 100min, by the washing of green solid particle, drying, spend deionized water repetitive scrubbing, gained solid particulate is dry 12h at 80 DEG C, obtains W 7o 24 6--Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3.In 550 DEG C of air, calcine 4h again, obtain residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer.
Measuring 100ml catalyst loading enters in the small-sized evaluating apparatus of fixed bed residual hydrocracking, and carry out reaction evaluating with the long residuum that sulphur content is 4%, reaction pressure is 16MPa, and in product, sulphur content is 0.9%.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is with γ-Al 2o 3as carrier, with metal oxide CoO and WO 3residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer is prepared, wherein CoO content 2.5wt%, WO as active ingredient 3content 13.6wt%.
Take 12.5g terephthalic acid and put into beaker, add 350ml deionized water, dropping ammoniacal liquor also fully stirs and makes it dissolve, and then adds 11.0gCo (NO 3) 26H 2o, 4.5g urea and 4.5g ammonium nitrate, obtain steeping fluid after dissolving.Steeping fluid is added lentamente and is equipped with 100g γ-Al 2o 3beaker in, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and dropwises rear Keep agitation 5min, and then place in room temperature and be no less than 12h, move to 120 DEG C of crystallization 24h in Pressure vessel, crystallization is complete, and for several times, dry 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains TAMA-Co-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al in washing 2o 3.
Take 17.2g (NH 4) 10w 12o 41, add the abundant stirring and dissolving of 200ml water, be then added drop-wise to TAMA-Co-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3above and stir, drip the HNO of 4mol/L simultaneously 3solution, adjust ph to 4.5, settlement separate after stirring 100min, by the washing of green solid particle, drying, spend deionized water repetitive scrubbing, gained solid particulate is dry 12h at 80 DEG C, obtains W 7o 24 6--Co-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3.In 550 DEG C of air, calcine 4h again, obtain residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer.
Measuring 100ml catalyst loading enters in the small-sized evaluating apparatus of fixed bed residual hydrocracking, and carry out reaction evaluating with the long residuum that sulphur content is 4%, reaction pressure is 16MPa, and in product, sulphur content is 1.2%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is with γ-Al 2o 3as carrier, with metal oxide NiO and MoO 3residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer is prepared, with P as active ingredient 2o 5as promotor, wherein NiO content 2.5wt%, MoO 3content 8.5wt%, P 2o 5for 0.35wt%.
Take 12.5g terephthalic acid and put into beaker, add 350ml deionized water, dropping ammoniacal liquor also fully stirs and makes it dissolve, and then adds 11.0gNi (NO 3) 26H 2o, 4.5g urea and 4.5g ammonium nitrate, obtain steeping fluid after dissolving.Steeping fluid is added lentamente and is equipped with 100g γ-Al 2o 3beaker in, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and dropwises rear Keep agitation 5min, and then place in room temperature and be no less than 12h, move to 120 DEG C of crystallization 24h in Pressure vessel, crystallization is complete, and for several times, dry 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al in washing 2o 3.
Take 10.6g (NH 4) 3[PMo 12o 40] 6H 2o, adds the abundant stirring and dissolving of 200ml water, is then added drop-wise to TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3above and stir, drip the HNO of 4mol/L simultaneously 3solution, adjust ph to 4.5, settlement separate after stirring 100min, by the washing of green solid particle, drying, spend deionized water repetitive scrubbing, gained solid particulate is dry 12h at 80 DEG C, obtains PMo 12o 40 3--Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3.In 550 DEG C of air, calcine 4h again, obtain residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer.
Measuring 100ml catalyst loading enters in the small-sized evaluating apparatus of fixed bed residual hydrocracking, and carry out reaction evaluating with the long residuum that sulphur content is 4%, reaction pressure is 16MPa, and in product, sulphur content is 0.55%.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is with γ-Al 2o 3as carrier, with metal oxide NiO and WO 3residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer is prepared, with P as active ingredient 2o 5as promotor, wherein NiO content 2.5wt%, WO 3content 13.6wt%, P 2o 5for 0.35wt%.
Take 12.5g terephthalic acid and put into beaker, add 350ml deionized water, dropping ammoniacal liquor also fully stirs and makes it dissolve, and then adds 11.0gNi (NO 3) 26H 2o, 4.5g urea and 4.5g ammonium nitrate, obtain steeping fluid after dissolving.Steeping fluid is added lentamente and is equipped with 100g γ-Al 2o 3beaker in, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and dropwises rear Keep agitation 5min, and then place in room temperature and be no less than 12h, move to 120 DEG C of crystallization 24h in Pressure vessel, crystallization is complete, and for several times, dry 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al in washing 2o 3.
Take 16.8g (NH 4) 3[PW 12o 40] 3H 2o, adds the abundant stirring and dissolving of 200ml water, is then added drop-wise to TAMA-Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3above and stir, drip the HNO of 4mol/L simultaneously 3solution, adjust ph to 4.5, settlement separate after stirring 100min, by the washing of green solid particle, drying, spend deionized water repetitive scrubbing, gained solid particulate is dry 12h at 80 DEG C, obtains PW 12o 40 3--Ni-Al-LDHs/ γ-Al 2o 3.In 550 DEG C of air, calcine 4h again, obtain residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer.
Measuring 100ml catalyst loading enters in the small-sized evaluating apparatus of fixed bed residual hydrocracking, and carry out reaction evaluating with the long residuum that sulphur content is 4%, reaction pressure is 16MPa, and in product, sulphur content is 0.58%.

Claims (5)

1. a method for residuum hydrodesulfurization, is characterized in that:
The method utilizes fixed bed residual hydrocracking device to carry out residuum hydrodesulfurization, and hydrogen divides and is pressed in 10-14MPa, and temperature of reaction is between 300-400 DEG C;
The carrier of catalyzer is Al 2o 3;
Activity component metal oxide compound is NiO or CoO, is the 1-9wt% of catalyst weight, active metal oxide MoO 3or/and WO 3for the 5-15wt% that catalyzer is heavy;
Catalyzer is prepared by following steps:
A. the preparation of steeping fluid: first prepare terephthalic acid solution, drips ammoniacal liquor and makes it just dissolve in the process of preparation; Then add nickel salt or cobalt salt, urea and ammonium salt obtain steeping fluid, the mol ratio of terephthalic acid, nickel salt or cobalt salt in steeping fluid, urea and ammonium salt is 2:1:2.5-5:1-5;
B. the preparation of nickel salt or cobalt saline talcum: adopt equi-volume impregnating to be impregnated into carrier surface steeping fluid, then room temperature leaves standstill 6-24h, then moves to crystallization 24-32h in Pressure vessel, and after crystallization, washing for several times, dry 12-24h at 80 DEG C-120 DEG C, obtains nickel salt or cobalt saline talcum;
C. the preparation of catalyzer: the ammonium salt solution of preparation group vib metal, concentration is 1-4mol/L, again nickel salt or cobalt saline talcum are immersed in the ammonium salt solution of group vib metal, and with acid for adjusting pH value to 4.5, stir 1-2h, by the green solid particle washing obtained, dry 12-24h at 80-100 DEG C, last at 300-700 DEG C of roasting temperature 2-24 hour, make hydrotalcite precursor be converted into complex metal oxides completely, obtain residuum hydrodesulfurization catalyzer;
The ammonium salt of described group vib metal is (NH 4) 6mo 7o 244H 2o, (NH 4) 10w 12o 41, (NH 4) 3[P (Mo 12o 40] 6H 2o, (NH 4) 3[PW 12o 40] 3H 2one in O; The acid of adjust ph is nitric acid or hydrochloric acid.
2. the method for residuum hydrodesulfurization according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In steps A, divalent nickel salt used is Ni (NO 3) 2, NiCl 2, Ni (AC) 2, NiBr 2in any one.
3. the method for residuum hydrodesulfurization according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In step B, the shape of carrier is spherical, bar shaped, Herba Galii Bungei type or cylindrical particle; Granularity is between 5-200 order.
4. the method for residuum hydrodesulfurization according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Al 2o 3the crystal formation of carrier is any one in γ, η, δ, θ, α or their two or more mixing crystal formation.
5. the method for residuum hydrodesulfurization according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In step C, catalyzer maturing temperature is 300-500 DEG C, and roasting time is 5-12 hour.
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CN110465304A (en) * 2019-08-28 2019-11-19 辽宁科技大学 A kind of preparation method of high activity hydrogenation and desulphurization catalyst
CN116408097A (en) * 2021-12-31 2023-07-11 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Co-molybdenum impregnating solution and preparation method and application thereof

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