CN103626243A - Extraction method and water solution phase-change separation system of purified water - Google Patents
Extraction method and water solution phase-change separation system of purified water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103626243A CN103626243A CN201310626185.2A CN201310626185A CN103626243A CN 103626243 A CN103626243 A CN 103626243A CN 201310626185 A CN201310626185 A CN 201310626185A CN 103626243 A CN103626243 A CN 103626243A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an extraction method and a water solution phase-change separation system of purified water. The invention aims at providing a water solution phase-change separation system for extracting purified water from a solution, and providing an extraction method of purified water for separating purified water from the solution. The water solution phase-change separation system comprises a fan system, a humidifier A, a heat exchange chamber, a heater, a humidifier D and a condenser pipe. The extraction method of the purified water comprises the following steps: (1) humidifying air; (2) heating the air in the step (1); (3) heating the air in the step (2); (4) humidifying the air in the step (3); (5) applying the air in the step (4) into a heating source in the step (2). By adopting the extraction method, the heat transfer mechanism inside the system is fundamentally changed, distillation evaporation of the water solution is changed into low-pressure evaporation, the internal heat and mass transfer processes are enhanced, and the water production rate of unit energy consumption is doubled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pure water extracting method and aqueous solution phase transformation separation system thereof.
Background technology
Water resources is the indispensable important natural resources of developing national economy.Many places in the world, have surpassed to the demand of water the degree that water resources can be loaded, and have many areas to be also on the verge of the imbalance of water resources utilization simultaneously.Sea water desaltination is a process that the aqueous solution (being generally seawater) is converted into fresh water.Modal mode is distillation method and reverse osmosis method.Up to the present, the cost of sea water desaltination is high compared with other modes, and the fresh water amount providing only can meet only a few people's demand.Aqueous solution phase transformation separation system, when sea water desaltination and sewage disposal, can be utilized Driven by Solar Energy, completely without other supplementary energy.
The method of at present seawater or brackish water being desalinated is a lot, and more conventional method has distillation method, ion exchange method, dialysis, reverse osmosis membrane and cold method etc.Be summed up:
Table one: general method for desalting seawater
The comparison of above-mentioned four kinds of distillation method is:
1, the advantage of vertical tube distillation is that efficiency of utilization is high, and shortcoming is that bird nest harm is serious, and cost of equipment is high.
2, vapour compression distillation is that efficiency of utilization is high, but bird nest harm is serious.Feature is at the beginning of going into operation, to need auxiliary thermal source to produce steam as starting, does not need external heat source.The latent heat of condensation that is steam is re-used.
3, multistage flash evaporation feature is that heating is separated with evaporative process, and equipment structure is simpler, and expense is lower, is specially adapted to scale operation; Shortcoming is that brine recycling amount is large, and working cost is higher.
4, solar distilling advantage is that working cost is economized most, and equipment is also very simple.Shortcoming is that plant area area is large, and unit surface water production rate is low, and climate impact is large.
Be summed up above-mentioned traditional desalination technology and have three major defects:
1, except vapour compression distillation, the latent heat of condensation of steam be not re-used or utilization ratio low.
2, the heat exchange pattern of distiller natural convection, the raising of restriction thermal characteristics.
3, seawater thermal capacity to be evaporated is large, the raising of restriction operating temperature, thus weakened the motivating force of evaporating.
Summary of the invention
Object one of the present invention is to provide a kind of aqueous solution phase transformation separation system of extracting pure water and solute concentrated solution from solution.
Object two of the present invention is to provide a kind of pure water extracting method of isolating pure water from solution of realizing by the phase transformation between gas, liquid.
Object one of the present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of aqueous solution phase transformation separation system, and it comprises blower fan system and by pipeline successively end to end humidifier A, heat exchange chamber, well heater, humidifier D and prolong;
Described humidifier A is for carrying out humidification to initial air, to improve the humidity of air;
Described heat exchange chamber is for carrying out heat temperature raising to the air after humidifier A humidification;
Described well heater further heats for the air after heat exchange chamber heating;
Described humidifier D is for the further humidification of air to after heater via heating, to improve airborne humidity;
Described prolong is arranged in heat exchange chamber, make the air through humidifier A humidification in air after humidifier D humidification and heat exchange chamber carry out heat exchange, air setting in prolong after humidifier D humidification is to separate out pure water, pure water is discharged through pure water pipe, in heat exchange chamber through the intensification of being heated of the air of humidifier A humidification;
Described blower fan system is for driving air flowing in above-mentioned pipeline.
Described blower fan system comprises vacuum fan A and vacuum fan B, and described vacuum fan A is arranged on humidifier A rear end or heat exchange chamber rear end, and described vacuum fan B is arranged on humidifier D rear end or prolong rear end.
In described heat exchange chamber, be also provided with the air in heat exchange chamber is carried out to the humidifier B that humidification is used, this humidifier B is injection spray pipe.
The inlet mouth of described humidifier A is also connected with air mixer, air mixer is provided with air suction inlet A and air suction inlet B, described air suction inlet A is for suction chamber outer air, and air suction inlet B sucks the partial discharge air of the air vout end of described prolong (2).
Object two of the present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of pure water extracting method, it comprises the steps:
(1) to initial air humidification, to form state one air of moisture-saturated;
(2) state one air being placed in to heat exchange chamber carries out heat temperature raising and obtains state two air;
(3) state two air being placed in to well heater carries out heat temperature raising and obtains state three air;
(4) state three air are carried out to humidification, to form state four air of moisture-saturated;
(5) state four air are placed in to the heat exchange chamber described in step (2), allow state one air in state four air and step (2) carry out heat exchange, make state one air heat absorption be heated the state of heating up into two air, state four air of moisture-saturated itself are lowered the temperature and separate out water of condensation simultaneously.
Compared to prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
Global design theory of the present invention and traditional water heating vaporization, again from vapour condensation the process of water is close, but the object of heating management transfers steam state to from aquosity, heating conduction is exchanged for heating and moistening and the reducing temperature and humidity management of steam state, thereby has solved the following point of traditional method:
The turnover air of separation system carries out the wet exchange of full heat at heat exchange chamber, and water recovery latent heat is directly used in the heating of heat exchange room air, and the latent heat of condensation of water vapor has reached maximum recovery, and general heat recovery rate reaches 80% left and right, and maximum can reach more than 90%.
It is direct heating air that system indirect heating mode changes traditional heat conducting heat exchange pattern, and change indirect heating is direct heating, greatly improves heating efficiency.
Adopt Wet-curtain temperature reducing intake method, reduced operating temperature, make system and outside heat exchange generation fundamental change, like this, the temperature in heat exchange chamber is sometimes lower than outdoor environment temperature.
When outside underground water water temperature is during lower than air ' s wet bulb temperature, can directly adopt water cooling end air.Improve fresh-water recovery rate.
One of feature of the present invention is: when in whole system, operation medial temperature (particularly in heat exchange chamber) is equal to or less than external temperature, thermosteresis is almost nil.Therefore after system operation, required external heat source reaches minimum.
Two of feature of the present invention is: the phase transformation of solution separating and management thereof are to complete at normal temperatures, therefore can directly utilize the thermals source such as sun power, underground heat, chimney tail gas.
The present invention, due to the shortcoming that has overcome the latent heat of condensation of legacy system steam and be not re-used, fundamentally changes the heat transfer mechanism of internal system, becomes the aqueous solution and is evaporated to low pressure evaporation (by the suction formation negative pressure state of blower fan).Therefore strengthened its inner heat and mass transfer process, unit consumption of energy producing water ratio significantly improves.
Owing to having overcome the inherent defect of traditional Distallation systm three large shortcomings, greatly improved the thermal characteristics of Distallation systm, another revolution of desalination with Solar Energy beyond doubt, native system has not only repeatedly utilized the latent heat of condensation of steam, and owing to having strengthened its inner heat and mass transfer process, improve its operating temperature, thereby must there is higher producing water ratio.
Feature of the present invention is that turnover air humidity curtain decreasing temperature and increasing humidity system is carried out heat exchange at heat exchange chamber, makes water under steam state state, complete aquation vapour, and the complete damp and hot exchange of the solidifying water of vapour, reaches the separated of water and solute.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of aqueous solution phase transformation isolation technique of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of a kind of aqueous solution phase transformation of the present invention separation system.
Fig. 3 is a kind of example structure schematic diagram of a kind of aqueous solution phase transformation of the present invention separation system.
Fig. 4 is the wet curtain of the A(of humidifier shown in Fig. 3) structural representation.
Label declaration: 1 humidifier A; 1-2 water-supply pipe; 1-3 return water pipe; 1-4 electric control valve; 1-5 water pump; 2 prolongs; 3 injection spray pipes; 4 vacuum fan A; 5 heat exchange chambers; 6 well heaters; 7 humidifier D; 8 humidifier C; 9 vacuum fan B; 10-1 exhaust-valve; 10-2 vent valve; 10-3 intake valve; 13 air mixers; 14 concentrated water tanks; 15 solution pools to be separated; 16 condensation water tanks.
Embodiment
Aqueous solution phase transformation isolation technique shown in the present is exactly the novel system of isolating fresh water from the aqueous solution in order to solve three problems above and to design.Its design method is the process that will realize solute and water in separation solution, can realize by the phase transformation between gas, liquid.No matter how adopt, solute is all non-spontaneous processes with the separated of water, need to consume certain energy.Present method is the novel solutions separation system designing for reducing to greatest extent the process of this energy, is particularly useful for (low temperature) separated aqueous solution below boiling point.
As shown in Figure 1, the technical solution adopted in the present invention principle is: take air circulation system as platform, make the aqueous solution under negative pressure state, complete aquation vapour, the complete damp and hot exchange of the solidifying water of vapour, reaches the separated of water and solute.By air flowing and the wet process exchanging of heat, complete steam specifically and turn to water vapor, warming and humidifying during by heat recovery area (being heat exchange chamber 5) and well heater 6, make saturated gas reach necessarily relatively high temperature, then by condensing zone condensation, make water recovery Cheng Shui, and emit heat.
It has overcome the deficiency of prior art, combines the advantage of above-mentioned four kinds of distillation method, for a kind of new efficient, green, environmental protection, energy-conservation isolation technique are provided by extraction pure water such as seawater, natural pond liquid, sewage.
Method used in the present invention classifies as distillation method, is the new form of distillation method, and its implementation method is as follows:
A pure water extracting method, it comprises the steps:
(1) to initial air humidification, to form state one air of moisture-saturated;
(2) state one air being placed in to heat exchange chamber carries out heat temperature raising and obtains state two air;
(3) state two air being placed in to well heater carries out heat temperature raising and obtains state three air;
(4) state three air are carried out to humidification, to form state four air of moisture-saturated;
(5) state four air are placed in to the heat exchange chamber described in step (2), allow state one air in state four air and step (2) carry out heat exchange, make state one air heat absorption be heated the state of heating up into two air, state four air of moisture-saturated itself are lowered the temperature and separate out water of condensation simultaneously.
In order to increase airborne relative humidity, in described step (1) and step (2), air is carried out to humidification and carry out under condition of negative pressure.
When state one air is heated, also it is carried out to humidification, make state two air in moisture-saturated air condition;
In described step (3), when being heated, state two air also air is carried out to pre-humidifying processing.
In described step (1), by wet curtain humidification method, air is carried out to humidification; In described step (2), by spraying plant (such as injection spray pipe), state one air is carried out to spraying humidification; In described step (4), by wet curtain humidification method, state three air are carried out to humidification.
Initial air in described step (1) is to separate out the air mixed body after water of condensation in outside air or outside air and described step (5).
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment, content of the present invention is elaborated:
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention is directed to above-mentioned pure water extracting method corresponding aqueous solution phase transformation separation system is provided; It comprises blower fan system and by pipeline successively end to end humidifier A1, heat exchange chamber 5, well heater 6, humidifier D7 and prolong 2;
Described humidifier A1 is for carrying out humidification to initial air, to improve the humidity of air;
Described heat exchange chamber 5 carries out heat temperature raising for the air to after humidifier A1 humidification;
Described well heater 6 further heats for the air after heat exchange chamber 5 heating;
Described humidifier D7 is for the further humidification of air to after heater via 6 heating, to improve airborne humidity;
Described prolong 2 is arranged in heat exchange chamber 5, make air and the interior air through humidifier A1 humidification of heat exchange chamber 5 after humidifier D7 humidification carry out heat exchange, prolong 2 interior to the air setting after humidifier D7 humidification to separate out pure water, through pure water pipe discharge, (set-up mode of pure water pipe has much pure water, generally directly to be connected on prolong), the intensification of being heated of the interior air through humidifier A1 humidification of heat exchange chamber 5;
Described blower fan system is for driving air flowing in above-mentioned pipeline.This blower fan system comprises vacuum fan A4 and vacuum fan B9, and described vacuum fan A4 is arranged on the air outlet end of humidifier A1 or the air outlet end of heat exchange chamber 5, and described vacuum fan B9 is arranged on the air outlet end of humidifier D7 or the air outlet end of prolong 2.
The inlet mouth front end of described humidifier A1 is also connected with air mixer 13, air mixer 13 is provided with air suction inlet A and air suction inlet B, described air suction inlet A is for suction chamber outer air, and air suction inlet B sucks the partial discharge air of the air vout end of described prolong 2.
In described heat exchange chamber 5, be also provided with the air in heat exchange chamber 5 is carried out to the humidifier B that humidification is used, this humidifier B is injection spray pipe 3.
On described well heater 6, be also provided with the air in well heater 6 is carried out to the humidifier C8 that pre-humidifying is used;
Described humidifier A1 and humidifier D7 are wet curtain;
Described well heater 6 is solar heater, geothermal heating device or using waste heat from tail gas well heater.
For making the present invention's complete display more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3, enumerate the construction sketch plan of a kind of aqueous solution phase transformation separation system provided by the invention, be described further, by function primary and secondary, it comprises two parts in the present invention, and indoor section heat exchange chamber 5 and outdoor section well heater 6(are heating and moistening chamber).
By its effect, comprise that Wet-curtain temperature reducing humidifier A1, heat exchange chamber 5, injection spray pipe 3, well heater 6, wet curtain humidifier D7, heat exchanger (being prolong 2), water reclamation system, air mixed reclaim chamber (being air mixer 13), concentrated water tank 14, solution pool to be separated 15 and condensation water tank 16; Wherein, heat exchanger 2 is arranged in heat exchange chamber 5.
(1) Wet-curtain temperature reducing humidifier A: it is for the wet curtain component of vaporizer, as Fig. 4 shows, wet curtain component comprises the water-supply pipe 1-2, the return water pipe 1-3 that are connected with the curtain that wets, is located at electric control valve 1-4 and water pump 1-5 on water-supply pipe 1-2.Water-supply pipe 1-2 aspirates solution to wet curtain from solution pool 15 to be separated.Through being arranged on the vacuum fan A4 suction force of heat exchange chamber 5 air outlet ends, air is flowed into and changes in switch room 5 through wet curtain by the front end of the curtain that wets simultaneously.The effect of wet curtain is to make air cooling-down humidification, makes the inner air of heat exchange chamber 5 form the saturated gas state (being that air is converted into the state two of moisture-saturated from state one) lower than outdoor environment temperature.Vacuum fan A4 operated by rotary motion is after heat exchange chamber 5, and the air in heat exchange chamber 5 can form negative pressure state relatively like this.
(2) heat exchange chamber: be provided with prolong 2 and injection spray pipe 3 in heat exchange chamber 5.The air of being come by Wet-curtain temperature reducing humidifier A1 is in heat exchange chamber 5, carry out heat exchange with prolong 2, air itself heats up, simultaneously, injection spray pipe 3 directly aspirates solution and sprays out in heat exchange chamber 5 from solution pool 15 to be separated, and the air in heat exchange chamber 5 is added to wet treatment (air is changed into the state two of moisture-saturated by state one).Its function is by the wet exchange of full heat, heating air inlet, and condensation exhaust, realizes the wet exchange of full heat.
(3) well heater: be mainly to receive the thermals source such as sun power, underground heat, chimney tail gas to add warm air, to keeping the air of state of saturation to heat through injection spray pipe 3 humidifications, in the time of heating, by the humidifier C that is arranged on the indoor humidifier C(the present embodiment of heating and moistening, select injection spray pipe) carry out humidification.
(4) condensation is dried and water reclamation system: it comprises Wet-curtain temperature reducing humidifier D7, and the structure of this humidifier D7 is the same with the structure design of humidifier A1.By being arranged on the effect of vacuum fan B9 and the vacuum fan A4 of prolong 2 rear sides, through the air of heating and moistening chamber heat temperature raising, through wet curtain, and flow into prolong 2.The effect of humidifier D is recirculated air after heating chamber heating, becomes unsaturation state, and during by this humidifier D7, the state of reaching capacity is pre-cooling.The pure water of separating out that is condensed in prolong 2 is drawn and is flowed in condensation water tank by pipeline (not shown in Fig. 3), and the air of prolong 2 tail ends is discharged through vacuum fan B9.If the power of vacuum fan A4 is enough, vacuum fan B9 can.
(5) air mixed recovery chamber: it is provided with intake valve 10-3(is air suction inlet A), vent valve 10-2(is air suction inlet B) and exhaust-valve 10-1, effect is according to outside air ambient condition (such as temperature, the humidity of air), outlet air state in conjunction with vacuum fan B9, regulate the mixing of two kinds of air, improve energy utilization rate.
The principle of work of the present embodiment is: after the portion gas that outside air is discharged with vacuum fan B9 mixes, and formation state one air after wet curtain A1 humidification is saturated; State one air in heat exchange chamber 5 with the intensification of being heated, and by injection spray pipe 3 spraying humidifications, formed state two air of moisture-saturated; State two air heat up after humidification again through warming and humidifying chamber, and by humidifier D humidification state four air to moisture-saturated; Final state four air enter in prolong 2 and carry out condensation heat release, state four air self condensation pure water, and its heat of condensation discharging is as the thermal source of aforesaid state one air simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, the mobile trend of air is: outdoor, humidifier A1, heat exchange chamber 5, vacuum fan A4, airheater 6, humidifier D7, heat exchanger 2, vacuum fan B9, outdoor.
Claims (10)
1. an aqueous solution phase transformation separation system, is characterized in that: it comprise blower fan system and by pipeline successively end to end humidifier A(1), heat exchange chamber (5), well heater (6), humidifier D(7) and prolong (2);
Described humidifier A(1) for initial air is carried out to humidification, to improve the humidity of air;
Described heat exchange chamber (5) is for to through humidifier A(1) air after humidification carries out heat temperature raising;
Described well heater (6) further heats for the air after heat exchange chamber (5) heating;
Described humidifier D(7) for the further humidification of air to after heater via (6) heating, to improve airborne humidity;
Described prolong (2) is arranged in heat exchange chamber (5), make through humidifier D(7) in air after humidification and heat exchange chamber (5) through humidifier A(1) air of humidification carries out heat exchange, in prolong (2) to through humidifier D(7) air setting after humidification to be to separate out pure water, pure water is discharged through pure water pipe, in heat exchange chamber (5) through humidifier A(1) intensification of being heated of the air of humidification;
Described blower fan system is for driving air flowing in above-mentioned pipeline.
2. aqueous solution phase transformation separation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: inlet mouth front end described humidifier A(1) is also connected with air mixer (13), air mixer (13) is provided with air suction inlet A and air suction inlet B, described air suction inlet A is for suction chamber outer air, and air suction inlet B sucks the partial discharge air of the air vout end of described prolong (2).
3. aqueous solution phase transformation separation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described heat exchange chamber (5), be also provided with the air in heat exchange chamber (5) is carried out to the humidifier B that humidification is used, this humidifier B is injection spray pipe (3).
4. aqueous solution phase transformation separation system according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
On described well heater (6), be also provided with the air in well heater (6) is carried out to the humidifier C(8 that pre-humidifying is used);
Described humidifier A(1) and humidifier D(7) be wet curtain;
Described well heater (6) is solar heater, geothermal heating device or using waste heat from tail gas well heater.
5. according to the aqueous solution phase transformation separation system described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that: described blower fan system comprises vacuum fan A(4) and vacuum fan B(9), described vacuum fan A(4) be arranged on humidifier A(1) air outlet end or the air outlet end of heat exchange chamber (5), described vacuum fan B(9) be arranged on humidifier D(7) air outlet end or the air outlet end of prolong (2).
6. a pure water extracting method, is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) to initial air humidification, to form state one air of moisture-saturated;
(2) state one air being placed in to heat exchange chamber carries out heat temperature raising and obtains state two air;
(3) state two air being placed in to well heater carries out heat temperature raising and obtains state three air;
(4) state three air are carried out to humidification, to form state four air of moisture-saturated;
(5) state four air are placed in to the heat exchange chamber described in step (2), allow state one air in state four air and step (2) carry out heat exchange, make state one air heat absorption be heated the state of heating up into two air, state four air of moisture-saturated itself are lowered the temperature and separate out water of condensation simultaneously.
7. pure water extracting method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step (1) and step (2), air is carried out to humidification and carry out under condition of negative pressure.
8. pure water extracting method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step (2), when state one air is heated, also it is carried out to humidification, make state two air in moisture-saturated air condition;
In described step (3), when being heated, state two air also air is carried out to pre-humidifying processing.
9. pure water extracting method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step (1), by wet curtain humidification method, air is carried out to humidification; In described step (2), by spraying plant, state one air is carried out to spraying humidification; In described step (4), by wet curtain humidification method, state three air are carried out to humidification.
10. according to the pure water extracting method described in claim 6-9 any one, it is characterized in that: the initial air in described step (1) is to separate out the air mixed body after water of condensation in outside air or outside air and described step (5).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106945811A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-07-14 | 上海理工大学 | Air water system peculiar to vessel based on injection drainage |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62136287A (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1987-06-19 | Kubota Ltd | Pure water making apparatus utilizing solar heat |
| CN101734823A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-16 | 南京大学 | Seawater desalination process with low cost |
| CN102328965A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-01-25 | 南京师范大学 | Solar seawater desalination plant and operation method thereof |
| CN203568872U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-04-30 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Aqueous solution phase change separation system |
-
2013
- 2013-11-29 CN CN201310626185.2A patent/CN103626243B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62136287A (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1987-06-19 | Kubota Ltd | Pure water making apparatus utilizing solar heat |
| CN101734823A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-16 | 南京大学 | Seawater desalination process with low cost |
| CN102328965A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-01-25 | 南京师范大学 | Solar seawater desalination plant and operation method thereof |
| CN203568872U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-04-30 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Aqueous solution phase change separation system |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106945811A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-07-14 | 上海理工大学 | Air water system peculiar to vessel based on injection drainage |
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