CN103616381A - System and method for production and usage of reagent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a system and method for production and usage of reagents and belongs to the field of education industry, especially a system and method for production and usage of reagents in teaching experiments. In a reagent analysis and optimization link, a reagent production and transportation link and a reagent distribution and usage link, a variety of measures are implemented to increase the demand for a single teaching experiment reagent, so as to attract manufacturers into the teaching experiment reagent production filed and achieve scale and commercialization of the teaching experiment reagent production. The invention can significantly reduce the workload for reagent preparation, can the relive teachers from tedious, mechanical and repetitive experimental reagent preparation to invest more energy to guiding and evaluation of experimental operations, which can accurate evaluate experiment capability of students, so as to improve the accuracy of student experiment evaluation.

Description

A kind of production of reagent and the system and method for use

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of system and method for production and use of reagent, belongs to education industry field, particularly the production of reagent in a kind of experimental teaching and the system and method for use.

Background technology

Experimental courses is having irreplaceable effect aspect cultivation students ' practical ability.A lot of experiments need to be used various reagent.

Reagent, also claims chemical reagent, is mainly to realize the fine chemicals that chemical reaction, analytical test, development test, education experiment, chemical formulation are used, be machining precision high, need use the chemical products compared with hi-tech is produced, purity is high, production lot is few.Chemical reagent is various in style, and its sorting technique is not yet unified in the world at present.What have classifies by " purposes-chemical composition ", as inorganic analysis reagent, OAR, biochemical reagents etc.; What have classifies by " purposes-subject ", as common reagent, and analytical reagent etc.; What also have classifies by purity or storage request.

The first, by " purposes-chemical composition " classification.External much reagent company, as German Yi Moke (E.Merck) company, Switzerland Fo Luka (Fluka) company, the reagent of Japanese Northeast chemical company and China is managed catalogue, all adopts this sorting technique.The chemical reagent of China 1981 establishment is managed catalogue, and reagent is divided into ten large classes, divides again some subclass below every class.

Inorganic analysis reagent is for chemico-analytic inorganic chemical, as metal, non-metal simple-substance, and the reagent such as oxide, alkali, acid, salt.OAR is for chemico-analytic organic chemicals, as reagent such as hydrocarbon, aldehyde, ketone, ether and derivants thereof.Specical regent be in inorganic analysis, measure, special-purpose some organic reagents during separated, enriched element, as precipitation agent, developer, intercalating agent etc.Standard reagent is mainly used for demarcating the concentration of standard solution.The feature of this class reagent is that purity is that purity is high, and impurity is few, good stability, and chemical composition is constant.Standard substance is the chemical standard product that compare during for chemical analysis, instrumental analysis, or for the chemicals of calibration instrument.Indicator and test paper are indicated titration end-point for titrimetry, or for checking the reagent of gas or some existence of solution.The paper slip that soaked indicator or reagent solution is test paper.Reagent for instrumental analysis is the reagent for instrumental analysis.Biochemical reagents are the reagent for life science.High purity material is material (as electronics industry raw material, monocrystalline, light transmitting fiber) and some the trace analysis reagent as some special requirement industry.Liquid crystal is the abbreviation of liquid crystal, and the feature of the liquid such as its existing mobility, surface tension has again the feature of the solid crystals such as optical anisotropy, birefringence.

The second, by " purposes-subject " classification.1981, Chemistry In China reagent association was divided into eight large class and some subclass by reagent.

Common reagent, lower minute general inorganic reagent, general organic reagent, 8 subclass such as reagent for teaching.High purity reagent, as material (as electronics industry raw material, monocrystalline, light transmitting fiber) and some the trace analysis reagent of some special requirement industry.Analytical reagent, lower minute benchmark and standard reagent, sensitive reagents for inorganic analysis, 11 subclass such as special reagent for organic analysis.Instrumental analysis special agent, lower minute chromatorgaphy reagent, 7 subclass such as reagent, ultraviolet and infrared spectrum reagent for nuclear magnetic resonance analyser.Organic synthesis research reagent, 8 subclass such as lower minute basic organic reaction reagent, protection gene reagent, phase transfer catalyst.Reagent for clinical diagnosis, lower minute general reagent, reagent for biochemical investigation, 7 subclass such as reagent for radioimmunoassay.Biochemical reagents, 13 subclass such as lower decomposing biological alkali, amino acid and derivant thereof.Novel foundation material and fine chemicals, lower minute used in electronic industry chemicals, chemicals for optics industry, 7 subclass such as chemicals for medical industry.

The third, by the classification of purity/specification: be at present domesticly mainly divided into high-purity, spectroscopic pure, benchmark, light splitting is pure, top grade is pure, analyze 7 kinds of pure and mild chemical pures etc., be wherein mainly top grade pure, analyze three kinds of pure and mild chemical pures.The standard of selecting different purity reagent is mainly different reaction requirement, and this reagent place is impure on analyze requiring to have or not impact.Relevant administrative responsibile institution of country or State Council promulgates quality index be mainly top grade pure, analyze three kinds of pure and mild chemical pures.

Also can be divided into by reagent storage request reagent apt to deteriorate, chemical hazard reagent and generally take care of reagent.

Reagent specification claims again reagent grade or classification.Generally by the purposes of reagent or purity, impurity content, divide specification standards.The specification of the chemical reagent that at present, external chemical reagent work produces trends towards dividing by purposes.

The nitric acid that for example her Merck & Co., Inc. of Germany produces has 13 kinds of specifications: minimum content is 65%(density approximately 1.40) the minimum content that passes through of ultrapure reagent nitric acid dithizone test be 65%(density approximately 1.40, the high-load 0.0000005% of Hg) guarantee reagent (GR) nitric acid, the minimum content that dithizone test is passed through is 65%(density approximately 1.40) guarantee reagent (GR) nitric acid, minimum content is 65%(density approximately 1.40) optics and the special-purpose special pure nitric acid of electronics, 100%(density approximately 1.52) guarantee reagent (GR) nitric acid, 100%(density approximately 1.42) the special-purpose special pure fuming nitric aicd of optics and electronics, heavy hydrogen degree is less than deuterated reagent nitric acid-di of 99% (at D ₂in O, be not less than 65%DNO ₃), 0.1mo1/L salpeter solution and titration 1mo1/L salpeter solution for titration.

The advantage that reagent specification is divided by purposes is simple and clear, is the purposes of known this reagent from specification, and user needn't turn on any purity level of use and reagent.

In education experiment, reagent also needs variable concentrations specification, and for example the preparation of the < < buffer solution in < < Basic Chemistry Experiment > > and property experiment > > just need to prepare 0.1mol/L HAc solution, 0.1mol/L NaAc solution, 0.05mol/L NaHCO ₃solution, 0.1mol/L NaOH solution, 0.1mol/L HCl solution, the HCl solution of pH=4, the NaOH solution of pH=10,1mol/L HAc solution, 1mol/L NaAc solution, 2mol/L NaOH solution, 0.05mol/L Na ₂cO ₃11 kinds of solution reagents such as solution, methyl red indicator.

In experimental teaching, a very important job is exactly that reagent is prepared, and according to the reagent of requirement of experiment preparation, a series of different cultivars of packing, variable concentrations, also needs to carry out preparing experiment, to determine that the reagent of preparation can normally be used after these reagent preparations.In experiment, to, according to reagent Expenditure Levels, in continuous reagent bottle on experiment table, add corresponding reagent.

For example experiment above, be used ice HAc, dense HCl, NaAc solid, NaHCO ₃solid, NaOH solid, Na ₂cO ₃solid is prepared corresponding solution, for example packs into, in tun (10L, 20L reagent bottle), more for example divide, in the small-sized reagent bottle (being less than drop bottle, the narrow-mouthed bottle of 1 liter) that installs to experiment table after preparation.In student experimenting process, in small-sized reagent bottle, add corresponding reagent in time.

The raw reagent consumption of experimental middle school, because the reason such as reform will be higher than theoretical calculated amount, need to be prepared according to certain amplification coefficient during the required reagent of preparation experiment.For example certain experiment in certain reagent, all student need to consume 10L in theory, but student former years of same quantity when doing same experiment consumption generally between 15-20L, just should be according to preparing toward annual flood while at this moment preparing, be 20L, to guarantee enough uses, avoid because the not enough situation about again preparing that causes occurs in experiment.

According to the reagent of certain loss factor preparation, generally all can remain like this, the reagent that some can standing storage can be waited until next circulation, is all generally 1 year later education experiment use again, as potassium bichromate solution.But other is all generally to scrap processing, gives the processing of chemicals wastes professional treatment company or after harmless treatment, according to general refuse, process voluntarily.

After experiment finishes, used reagent bottle cleans, dries, to reuse after will removing in time label.

Also there is education experiment not need reagent preparation, but adopt the kit of commercialization packaging kit, in kit, have the required whole or most of reagent of experiment.For example the extraction > > of the < < plasmid DNA in < < molecular biology experiment > > is just used business-like plasmid rapid extraction box, and other reagent is just only used absolute ethyl alcohol.

But most education experiments do not have the kit of corresponding packaging kit, there is no the reagent of the dimension that can directly use yet.The reason that causes this phenomenon is that the varieties of reagent used of single laboratory is many, concentration specifications is many and the maximum several decaliters of the consumption of every kind of reagent, so the reagent of short run for manufacturer without any driving force.Do not organize different experiments chamber the reagent of same concentration is carried out to unified order simultaneously yet.

The invention provides the production of required reagent in a kind of education experiment, the system and method for use.By multiple way, improve single demand of planting education experiment reagent, attract production firm to enter education experiment reagent production field, thereby realize scale, commercialization that education experiment reagent is produced.The present invention can obviously reduce reagent and prepare needed workload, experiment instruction teacher can be freed from experiment reagent preliminary work loaded down with trivial details, machinery, that repeat, more energy can be dropped into the guidance evaluation of operation in experiment, the assessment of laboratory report is corrected, in the work of checking the accurate evaluation student experimenting levels such as analysis of experimental result, improve the accuracy of student experimenting performance rating.

Summary of the invention

1. the production of reagent and a system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The production of reagent and a system and method for use, comprise reagent analysis and optimize link, reagent production and transit link, reagent distribution and use link;

Described reagent analysis is work like this with optimizing link:

Teaching arrangement, the guide book of experiment of the identical experiment course that first school duty room of the identical subject of the different schools of collection arrangement is offered, kind and the quantity of the reagent that statistics identical experiment project is required;

To identical experiment project, according to the experimental procedure of stipulating in the different guide book of experiment in each laboratory, test respectively, work out the optimum specifications of every kind of reagent of this experimental project, the optimum amount of every kind of reagent, adopt the optimum specifications of every kind of reagent, the optimum amount of every kind of reagent, design the standardization experiment of this experimental project, and write the standardization guide book of experiment of this experimental project, realize standardization, the standardization of this experimental project

The reagent that this experimental project is required is classified according to concentration specifications, price, consumption, characteristic, be divided into several classes such as high-load reagent, low content reagent, low price reagent, high price reagent, low consumption reagent, high consumption reagent, accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate;

It is work like this that described reagent is produced with transit link:

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the required reagent optimised quantity of experiment number of student and every group experiment student, calculated the theoretical requirement of every kind of reagent of each experimental project, due to always lossy, so the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by loss factor again and calculates every kind of agent delivery amount;

The mode of production of every class reagent such as high-load low price reagent, the high consumption reagent of low content low price, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent, accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate is different, and every kind of reagent is produced according to the mode of production of classification under it;

The reagent bottle that various reagent place use is determined according to classification under the characteristic of reagent and reagent;

Add up the amount of every kind of reagent of each laboratory needs of offering standardization experiment, and transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

It is work like this that described reagent distributes with using link:

Before experimental project starts, the required various reagent of this experimental project are put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, freely taken, wherein the high consumption reagent of low content low price also needs student after preparation, to put in the reagent rack of experiment table voluntarily in experimentation;

Empty reagent bottle after student uses reclaims, and in next time, transports reagent to laboratory Shi Fan factory.

2. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Described identical experiment project has referred to the experimental project of identical experiment object.

For example, the mensuration > > that has acetic acid content in < < vinegar in some < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > >, the mensuration > > that has total acidity in < < vinegar in other version < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > >, in fact the acid in vinegar is mainly acetic acid, also contain a small amount of other weak acid as lactic acid etc.The experiment that these two titles are different is all to take phenolphthalein as indicator, and with the titration of NaOH standard solution, what measure is sour total amount, and total acidity, is that result is pressed acetic acid calculating.These two experiments are all the total acidities of calculating with acetic acid of measuring in vinegar, so these two experiments are identical experiment projects.

3. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Described loss factor is to determine like this:

Add up the actual consumption amount in reagent different years in different experiments chamber of certain specification, again each annual reagent actual consumption amount of each laboratory counting on is obtained to a series of reagent loss ratio divided by the theoretical requirement of reagent, choose the loss ratio of numerical value maximum as loss factor.

4. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The criteria for classification of the described high consumption reagent of high-load low price reagent, low content low price, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent, accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate is:

The value of the content of the principal ingredient of reagent between the value of the content of the pure specification of analysis of this reagent 0.01% to 10% between (containing 10%) be low content reagent, the value of the content of the principal ingredient of reagent between the value of the content of the pure specification of analysis of this reagent 10% to 100% between (not containing 10%) be high-load reagent;

Reagent belongs to high price reagent, and still to belong to low price reagent be artificial regulation;

In guide book of experiment certain reagent what add that total amount is less than 3mL is low consumption reagent, what be more than or equal to 3mL is high consumption reagent;

Accurate concentration reagent refers to that the number of significant figures of concentration is more than or equal to the reagent of three;

Reagent apt to deteriorate refers to the reagent that lost efficacy afterwards and go bad and cannot continue to use for 90 days according to correct method storage.

The 0.1mol/L HAc solution, 0.1mol/L NaAc solution, the 0.05mol/L NaHCO that for example in the preparation of < < buffer solution and property experiment > >, need preparation ₃solution, 0.1mol/L NaOH solution, 0.1mol/L HCl solution, the HCl solution of pH=4, the NaOH solution of pH=10,1mol/L HAc solution, 1mol/L NaAc solution, 2mol/L NaOH solution, 0.05mol/L Na ₂cO ₃11 kinds of solution reagents such as solution, methyl red indicator are low content reagent, are low price reagent, 0.1mol/L HAc solution, 0.1mol/L NaAc solution, 0.05mol/L NaHCO ₃the HCl solution of solution, pH=4, the NaOH solution of pH=10,1mol/L HAc solution, 1mol/L NaAc solution, 0.05mol/L Na ₂cO ₃the reagent such as solution, 0.1mol/L NaOH solution are high consumption reagent, and 0.1mol/L HCl solution, 2mol/L NaOH solution, methyl red indicator are low consumption reagent, without accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate.

5. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Reagent bottle for the high consumption liquid reagent of splendid attire, solid reagent in described reagent bottle at least comprises bottle (1), the first bottle stopper (3), the second bottle stopper (2) and bottle cap (4), wherein the first bottle stopper (3) is the bottle stopper that can closely insert bottleneck, when reagent storage and transportation, be used for sealing bottleneck, the large circle (6) that can insert the small boss (5) in bottleneck and cover bottleneck that the second bottle stopper (2) is less than internal diameter of the bottleneck by external diameter forms, and seals bottleneck when reagent is used for testing.

When reagent storage and transportation, need to closely clog bottleneck, prevent that reagent from oozing out, therefore using first bottle stopper (3) that can closely insert bottleneck, the first bottle stopper (3) can be the existing for the bottle stopper of reagent bottle of any kind.When reagent is used in experiment, need to be easy to open bottle cap, therefore no matter be that the first bottle stopper (3) that the bottle cap (4) that generally uses screw thread mouth still can closely insert bottleneck is all not suitable for, the second bottle stopper (2) is less than internal diameter of the bottleneck owing to inserting the external diameter of the small boss (5) in bottleneck, the operation that takes down the second bottle stopper (2) is very simple, convenient, so seal bottleneck when reagent is used for testing, uses the second bottle stopper (2).

6. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Reagent bottle for the low consumption liquid reagent of splendid attire in described reagent bottle at least comprises bottle, bottle stopper, dropper and bottle cap, bottle stopper is the bottle stopper that can closely insert bottleneck, when reagent storage and transportation, be used for sealing bottleneck, dropper can insert in bottleneck, seals bottleneck when reagent is used for testing.

7. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The described low consumption reagent of high-load low price reagent, low content low price, production, transportation, distribution and the use of high price reagent are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the required reagent optimised quantity of experiment number of student and every group experiment student, calculate every kind of high-load low price reagent, the low consumption reagent of low content low price of each experimental project, the theoretical requirement of high price reagent, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of high-load low price reagent, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

Get the using amount of reagent of this purity, use suitable solvent or solid diluent according to requirement, dissolve or are uniformly dispersed, minute install in the reagent bottle that volume is no more than 1L, stick reagent label, storage,

Add up the amount of every kind of required high-load low price reagent of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent, and before whole experimental courses starts, transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

Before each experimental project starts, the low consumption reagent of high-load low price reagent, low content low price, high price reagent that this experimental project is required are put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, taken voluntarily.

For example in < < permanganimetric method mensuration eggshell, the content > > of CaO needs to use (1:1) HCl, be the HCl of 6mol/L, a kind of typical high-load low price reagent, in experiment, require " accurately taking two parts of egg-shell meals (every part of about 0.025g of calcic); be placed on respectively in 250mL beaker; add 1:1 HCl 3mL, ", every group of experiment student once using 6mL in experiment.An existing N school offers this experiment, and Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, and loss factor is defined as 1.1 through statistics, needs to the amount G of (1:1) HCl of all laboratories preparation to be

?(mL)

So-called (1:1) HCl is exactly the deionized water that commercially available concentrated hydrochloric acid adds same volume, and the amount of the commercially available concentrated hydrochloric acid therefore needing is G/2 mL.Get the commercially available concentrated hydrochloric acid of G/2 mL, slowly add G/2 mL deionized water, stir, cooling, minute threading 500mL reagent bottle is filled in relevant information and is attached on reagent bottle according to reagent label standard on label.By the reagent storage preparing.

Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, and a bottle number S for (1:1) HCl reagent of Ni laboratory needs is

Before starting, transports whole experimental courses (1:1) HCl of S bottle to the Storage in Ni laboratory.

Before in < < permanganimetric method mensuration eggshell, the content > > experimental project of CaO starts, (1:1) HCl is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, freely taken.

8. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Production, transportation, distribution and the use of the described high consumption reagent of low content low price are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the experiment number of student reagent optimised quantity required with testing student, calculated the theoretical requirement of every kind of high consumption reagent of low content low price of each experimental project, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of high consumption reagent of low content low price again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

The capacity of determining the reagent bottle of the high consumption reagent of low content low price using on laboratory experiment platform is V mL, the specification of the high consumption reagent of low content low price in guide book of experiment is that concentration is c g/mL, in every reagent bottle, the quality of the high consumption reagent of low content low price is cV g

The reagent of required purity is packed as to the independent packaging that each is packaged as cV g, sticks reagent label, storage,

Add up the amount of the independent packaging of every kind of required high consumption reagent of low content low price of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, and before whole experimental courses starts, transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

Before each experimental project starts, the independent packaging of the required high consumption reagent of low content low price of this experimental project is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, after the independent packaging of the high consumption reagent of low content low price being sealed off by student, add in the reagent bottle of this reagent, add again the solvent of these reagent place's need to VmL, mix, student takes voluntarily, and the empty reagent bottle after reagent is finished reclaims.

Now with 0.05mol/L Na in the preparation of < < buffer solution and property experiment > > ₂cO ₃solution is example, further illustrates and how to prepare the high consumption reagent of low content low price.In experiment, require to measure respectively 15 mL, 25 mL, every group of experiment student once using 40 mL in experiment.An existing N school offers this experiment, and Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, and loss factor is defined as 1.2 through statistics, needs the 0.05mol/L Na preparing to all laboratories ₂cO ₃the amount G of solution is

?(mL)

Analyze pure Na ₂cO ₃use amount G ₁for

G ₁=0.05×(G/1000)×106.0(g)

Determine splendid attire 0.05mol/L Na on laboratory experiment platform ₂cO ₃the capacity specifications of the reagent bottle of solution is 500mL, 0.05mol/L Na in every reagent bottle ₂cO ₃the quality m of solution should be

m=0.05×(500/1000)×106.0=2.65(g)

By G ₁the Na of g purity assay ₂cO ₃be packed as each and be packaged as 2.65 g Na ₂cO ₃na ₂cO ₃pack, sticks reagent label, storage.

Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, Ni the Na that laboratory needs ₂cO ₃the amount S of pack ₁for

Before starting, whole experimental courses transports S ₁the Na of individual packing ₂cO ₃pack is to the Storage in Ni laboratory.

Before the preparation of < < buffer solution and property experiment > > experimental project start, by S ₁the Na of individual packing ₂cO ₃pack is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, and student is by Na ₂cO ₃pack adds splendid attire 0.05mol/L Na after sealing off ₂cO ₃in the reagent bottle of solution, then solvent to 500 mL that adds this reagent place to need, mix, according to experiment is required, take voluntarily.

9. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The production of described accurate concentration reagent, transportation, distribution and use link are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, the theoretical requirement that is calculated every kind of accurate concentration reagent of each experimental project by the product of the required reagent optimised quantity of experiment number of student and every group experiment student, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of accurate concentration reagent again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

Get the using amount of reagent of this purity, use suitable solvent or solid diluent according to requirement, dissolve or are uniformly dispersed, minute install in the reagent bottle that volume is no more than 1L,

Get the reagent preparing and demarcate, the result of demarcation is identified on reagent label, reagent label is labelled on reagent bottle, storage,

Add up the amount of every kind of required accurate concentration reagent of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, and before whole experimental courses starts, transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

The accurate concentration reagent that this experimental project is required is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, taken voluntarily, the empty reagent bottle after reagent is finished reclaims.

10. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The production of described reagent apt to deteriorate, transportation, distribution and use link are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the experiment number of student reagent optimised quantity required with testing student, calculated the theoretical requirement of every kind of reagent apt to deteriorate of each experimental project, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of reagent apt to deteriorate again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

Get the using amount of reagent of this purity, use suitable solvent or solid diluent according to requirement, dissolve or are uniformly dispersed, minute install in the reagent bottle that volume is no more than 1L, stick reagent label, storage,

Add up the amount of every kind of required reagent apt to deteriorate of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, before the experiment of using this kind of reagent apt to deteriorate starts, transport the reagent of this amount to this laboratory;

The reagent apt to deteriorate that this experimental project is required is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, freely taken, the empty reagent bottle after reagent is finished reclaims.

Method provided by the invention greatly reduced experiment instruction teacher labour intensity, improved experiment instruction teacher's work efficiency.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing is as follows.

Fig. 1: the schematic diagram of the reagent bottle of the high consumption liquid reagent of splendid attire, solid reagent.

Fig. 2: the second bottle stopper schematic diagram.

Description of reference numerals.

Fig. 1: bottle (1), the first bottle stopper (3), the second bottle stopper (2), bottle cap (4).

Fig. 2: small boss (5), large circle (6).

Embodiment

The present patent application is prepared as example with the reagent of specialty chemical < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > > course a kind of embodiment is provided.

Teaching arrangement, the guide book of experiment of the identical experiment course that first school duty room of the identical subject of the different schools of collection arrangement, department is offered, kind and the quantity of the reagent that statistics identical experiment project is required.By network, classmate waits various ways to collect the specialty chemical < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > > course of Liao Duosuo colleges and universities, for example the A of colleges and universities offers 1, check, washing instrument, 2, balance weighs exercise, 3, titration operation exercise, 4, volumetric glass calibration, 5, the mensuration of organic acid molal weight, 6, the mensuration of calcined soda for industry content, 7, the Continuous Titration of lead bismuth alloy, 8, the mensuration of tap water hardness, 9, the mensuration of iron content in iron ore, 10, iodometric determination copper, 11, gravimetric determination barium, 12, 12 experiments such as spectrphotometric method for measuring iron.

The experimental project of Jiang Duojia colleges and universities arranges, there are 22 Experiments of Analytical Chemistry often to be selected by each laboratory, substantially the classical project that has contained < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > >, be decided to be and need to carry out standardized experimental project, these 22 experiments are: 1, analytical balance weighs exercise, 2, titrimetric basic operation exercise, 3, calcined soda for industry total alkalinity is measured, 4, the mensuration of organic acid molal weight, 5, the mensuration of acetate concentration in edible white vinegar, 6, the mensuration of nitrogen content (formaldehyde method) in ammonium sulfate fertilizer, 7, NaOH and Na in mixed base ₂cO ₃the mensuration of content, 8, the mensuration of tap water hardness, 9, the mensuration of aluminium content in aluminium alloy, 10, the METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION of bismuth, lead content, 11, Al in gastropine tablet ₂o ₃with the mensuration of MgO content, 12, the METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION of content of calcium and magnesium in rauhkalk, 13, H ₂o ₂the mensuration of content (permanganimetric method), 14, the mensuration of chemical oxygen consumption (COC) (permanganimetric method) in water sample, 15, the mensuration of total Iron in Iron Ore content (Method of Iron Determination Without Mercury), 16, copper content in indirect iodometric determination aldary, 17, the mensuration of Ascorbic Acid in Fruit (Vc) content, 18, the mensuration of chlorinity (Moire technique) in chloride, 19, the mensuration of barium content (barium sulfate precipitate gravimetry) in barium chloride dihydrate, 20, Phen Their Determination by Spectrophotometry iron, 21, chromic mensuration in water sample, 22, SiO in portland cement ₂, Fe ₂o ₃, Al ₂o ₃, CaO and MgO content mensuration.

To identical experiment project, respectively according to each laboratory different guide book of experiment in the experimental procedure stipulated test, work out the optimum specifications of every kind of reagent of this experimental project, the optimum amount of every kind of reagent, adopt the optimum specifications of every kind of reagent, the optimum amount of every kind of reagent, design the standardization experiment of this experimental project, and write the standardization guide book of experiment of this experimental project, realize standardization, the standardization of this experimental project.

Reagent in this experimental project is classified according to concentration specifications, price, consumption, characteristic, be divided into several classes such as high-load reagent, low content reagent, low price reagent, high price reagent, low consumption reagent, high consumption reagent, accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate.

How the mensuration > > of < < tap water hardness of now take completes standardization guide book of experiment as example illustrates.

When the mensuration > > experiment of < < tap water hardness is offered in different experiments chamber, some only measures total hardness, after some measures total hardness, continue to measure magnesium hardness, then by total hardness, deduct magnesium hardness and calculate CaH.A typical guide book of experiment is as follows.

" test the mensuration of six tap water hardness

One, experiment purpose:

1. understand complexometry ratio juris and application thereof.

2. grasp the direct titrimetric method in compleximetry, association measures the total hardness of water by complexometry.

3. grasp the preparation of EDTA standard solution and the principle of demarcation.

4. understand the character of EDTA indicator used and the condition of use of demarcating.

5. grasp CaCO ₃demarcate the method for EDTA.

Two, experimental principle:

1, the mensuration of the total hardness of water:

Water hardness is mainly due to containing calcium salt and magnesium salts in water, and other metallic ions also form hardness as iron, aluminium, manganese, zinc plasma, but general content is very few, while measuring process water total hardness, can ignore.Measure water hardness and often adopt complexometry, by Ca, Mg total amount in the standard solution titration water of disodium EDTA (EDTA), (China adopts mmol/L or mg/L(CaCO to be then scaled corresponding stiffness units ₃) be unit representation water hardness).

Press International Standards Method and measure the total hardness of water: at the NH of pH=10 ₃-NH ₄in Cl buffer solution, the eriochrome black T (EBT) of take is indicator, is titrated to solution from aubergine, becomes pure blue and be terminal with EDTA standard solution.

Sheltering of interfering ion:

If there is Fe in water sample ³⁺, Al ³⁺during Deng trace impurity, available triethanolamine is sheltered, Cu ²⁺, Pb ²⁺, Zn ²⁺etc. heavy metal ion, can use Na ₂s or KCN shelter.

The expression of the water hardness:

The method that various countries represent the water hardness is not yet unified, stipulates that hardness is (with CaCO in China's drinking water sanitary standard ₃meter) must not surpass 450mg/L.Except Drinking Water, the current water hardness method for expressing of China is still used mmol/L (CaCO ₃) represent.

Divide and survey calcium, magnesium hardness:

Can control pH (now, magnesium hydrate precipitate) between 12～13, select calcon-carboxylic acid to measure.Magnesium hardness can deduct CaH by total hardness and obtain.

2, the demarcation of EDTA:

EDTA standard solution often adopts indirect method preparation, and due to EDTA and metal formation 1:1 complex, therefore demarcating the primary standard substance that EDTA solution is conventional is some metals and their oxide and salt, as: Zn, ZnO, CaCO ₃, Bi, Cu etc.

In order to reduce systematic error, CaCO is selected in this experiment ₃for primary standard substance, at the NH of pH=10 ₃-NH ₄in Cl buffer solution, take eriochrome black T as indicator, demarcate (demarcation condition is consistent with condition determination).With EDTA solution to be calibrated, dropping to solution becomes pure blue from aubergine and is terminal.

Three, instrument and reagent

Experiment of Analytical Chemistry common instrument, baking oven, measuring cup, electronic balance, exsiccator, electric furnace, platform balance

EDTA (s) (A.R.), CaCO ₃(s) (A.R.), HCl (1: 1), triethanolamine (1: 1), NH ₃-NH ₄cl buffer solution (pH=10), Mg ²⁺-EDTA solution, chromium black T indicator (0.5%), 6mol/L NaOH solution, calcon-carboxylic acid, water sample. four, experimental procedure

1.0.01mol/L the preparation of EDTA standard solution and demarcation

1) preparation:

On platform balance, take 2gEDTA in beaker, by a small amount of water heating for dissolving, proceed to after cooling and in 500mL vinyon bottle, add deionized water and be diluted to 500mL.

2) demarcate:

Accurately take CaCO ₃primary standard substance 0.25g, is placed in 100mL beaker, first wetting with a small amount of water, covers surface plate, slowly drips 1: 1HCl5mL, after it all dissolves, add deionized water 50mL, and micro-ly boil several minutes to remove CO ₂, a small amount of water of cooling rear use rinses surface plate and beaker inwall, is quantitatively transferred in 250mL volumetric flask, is diluted with water to scale, shakes up.

Pipette 25.00mL Ca ²⁺standard solution in 250mL conical flask, (add 1 methyl red, if yellow by red stain to solution with ammonia neutralization. ammonia buffer solution buffer capacity is enough, and this step can be omitted), add 20mL water and 5mL Mg ²⁺-EDTA solution, then add 10mL ammonia buffer solution, 3 chromium black T indicator indicator, are titrated to solution with EDTA solution to be calibrated immediately and become pure blue (hyacinthine) from aubergine (claret), are terminal.Parallel calibration three times, the accurate concentration of calculating EDTA solution.

2. the mensuration of tap water total hardness

Pipette water sample 100.0mL in 250mL conical flask, add that 1 ~ 2 1:1HCl is micro-boils several minutes to remove CO ₂, cooling after, add 1: 1 triethanolamine of 3mL (if contain heavy metal ion in water sample, to add 1mL 2%Na ₂s solution is sheltered), 5mL ammonia buffer solution, 2～3 eriochrome black Ts (EBT) indicator, EDTA standard solution is titrated to solution and becomes pure blue from aubergine, is terminal.While noting approaching terminal, should drip and shake more slowly.Replicate determination three times, the total hardness of calculating water, with mg/L(CaCO ₃) expression analysis result.

3. the mensuration of CaH and magnesium hardness

Water sampling 100.0mL, in 250mL conical flask, adds the NaOH solution of 2mL 6mol/L, shakes up, then adds 0.01g calcon-carboxylic acid, shakes up with EDTA standard solution, to be titrated to solution and from claret, to become pure blue and be terminal afterwards.Replicate determination three times, calculates CaH.By total hardness and CaH, obtain magnesium hardness ".

Through comparing the guide book of experiment of different editions, difference is mainly reflected in following a few place.

1, reagent concentration difference: triethanolamine solution concentration has 1: 1,1:2,20% several different sizes, chromium black T indicator has 0.5% solution and two kinds of specifications of 1:100 solid sodium chloride dilution.

2, reagent dosage difference: EDTA solution has 1g to be dissolved in 250mL and 2g is dissolved in two kinds of 500mL.

3, experimental procedure difference: add 1 methyl red, yellow by red stain to solution with ammonia neutralization, some guiding book does not need to do like this; Add 1mL 2%Na ₂s solution is sheltered heavy metal ion, and some guiding book does not need to do like this.

By analysis, although reagent concentration is variant, it is the same that reagent adds fashionable total amount, and the addition that for example triethanolamine solution concentration is 1: 1 is that 3mL, 1:2 are 5mL, adds total amount basically identical.

Through contrast test, triethanolamine solution concentration adopts respectively 1: 1, two kinds of 1:2, result there was no significant difference, similarly, all carries out contrast experiment by discrepant place in experiment, whether research there is significant difference, if there was no significant difference, generally selects high-load as normal concentration, because concentration is high, reagent cumulative volume reduces, and can reduce logistics cost.

For reagent dosage difference, according to theoretical consumption estimation, and use practical proof.

For example EDTA solution has 1g to be dissolved in 250mL and 2g is dissolved in two kinds of 500mL, according to normal consumption, EDTA standardization of solution 3 times, titration 3 times, each approximately 25mL, add up to about 150mL, add rinse 30mL, buret needs filling EDTA standard solution 50mL in advance, adds up to the theoretical 230mL of consumption, preparation 250mL, even because mistake causes many titration 1-2 time all enough.It is obviously excessive that 2g is dissolved in this compound method of 500mL.

Therefore select 1g to be dissolved in the preparation program of 250mL, in student, reality is used.In practical application, find that the enough students of EDTA solution use, seldom have not enough classmate, not enough general be all that wrong titration is more than at least twice.

Finally adopt the preparation program that 1g is dissolved in 250mL.

In the problem of experimental procedure difference: " adding 1 methyl red; yellow by red stain to solution with ammonia neutralization ", this step was through experimental verification, discovery, in the situation that reagent, deionized water quality are up to standard, has or not this step to result there was no significant difference, can be without this step.

" add 1mL 2%Na ₂s solution is sheltered heavy metal ion ", Na ₂s smell is special, even if ventilation unit is all opened, because simultaneously titration of 30 people, still causes in laboratory taste denseer, and in tap water, content of beary metal is generally not enough to interference experiment in addition, therefore can cancel this step.Through contrast experiment, there was no significant difference.

In addition in this guide book of experiment, mention and in demarcation, use 5mL Mg ²⁺-EDTA solution, does not add Mg if main cause is timing signal ²⁺, terminal variable color is sharp not, therefore adds 5mL Mg ²⁺-EDTA solution, terminal variable color is sharp, but needs preparation to demarcate Mg ²⁺-EDTA solution, also will accurately add with transfer pipet simultaneously, comparatively loaded down with trivial details.Can change into and " on platform balance, take EDTA in beaker, by a small amount of water heating for dissolving, add a little MgCl ₂, proceed to after cooling ... " after just need not add again Mg ²⁺-EDTA solution.

The theoretical analysis and experimental verification, write the standardization guide book of experiment of the mensuration > > of < < tap water hardness, as follows.

" test the mensuration of six tap water hardness

One, experiment purpose:

1. understand complexometry ratio juris and application thereof.

2. grasp the direct titrimetric method in compleximetry, association measures the total hardness of water by complexometry.

3. grasp the preparation of EDTA standard solution and the principle of demarcation.

4. understand the character of EDTA indicator used and the condition of use of demarcating.

5. grasp CaCO ₃demarcate the method for EDTA.

Two, experimental principle:

1, the mensuration of the total hardness of water:

Water hardness is mainly due to containing calcium salt and magnesium salts in water, and other metallic ions also form hardness as iron, aluminium, manganese, zinc plasma, but general content is very few, while measuring process water total hardness, can ignore.Measure water hardness and often adopt complexometry, by Ca, Mg total amount in the standard solution titration water of disodium EDTA (EDTA), (China adopts mmol/L or mg/L(CaCO to be then scaled corresponding stiffness units ₃) be unit representation water hardness).

Press International Standards Method and measure the total hardness of water: at the NH of pH=10 ₃-NH ₄in Cl buffer solution, the eriochrome black T (EBT) of take is indicator, is titrated to solution from aubergine, becomes pure blue and be terminal with EDTA standard solution.

Sheltering of interfering ion:

If there is Fe in water sample ³⁺, Al ³⁺during Deng trace impurity, available triethanolamine is sheltered, Cu ²⁺, Pb ²⁺, Zn ²⁺etc. heavy metal ion, can use Na ₂s or KCN shelter.

The expression of the water hardness:

The method that various countries represent the water hardness is not yet unified, stipulates that hardness is (with CaCO in China's drinking water sanitary standard ₃meter) must not surpass 450mg/L.Except Drinking Water, the current water hardness method for expressing of China is still used mmol/L (CaCO ₃) represent.

Divide and survey calcium, magnesium hardness:

Can control pH (now, magnesium hydrate precipitate) between 12～13, select calcon-carboxylic acid to measure.Magnesium hardness can deduct CaH by total hardness and obtain.

2, the demarcation of EDTA:

EDTA standard solution often adopts indirect method preparation, and due to EDTA and metal formation 1:1 complex, therefore demarcating the primary standard substance that EDTA solution is conventional is some metals and their oxide and salt, as: Zn, ZnO, CaCO ₃, Bi, Cu etc.

In order to reduce systematic error, CaCO is selected in this experiment ₃for primary standard substance, in NH3-NH4Cl of pH=10 buffer solution, take eriochrome black T as indicator, demarcate (demarcation condition is consistent with condition determination).With EDTA solution to be calibrated, dropping to solution becomes pure blue from aubergine and is terminal.

Three, instrument and reagent

Experiment of Analytical Chemistry common instrument, baking oven, measuring cup, electronic balance, exsiccator, electric furnace, platform balance

EDTA (s) (A.R.), CaCO ₃(s) (A.R.), HCl (1: 1), triethanolamine (1: 1), NH ₃-NH ₄cl buffer solution (pH=10), chromium black T indicator (0.5%), 6mol/L NaOH solution, calcon-carboxylic acid, MgCl ₂saturated solution, water sample.

Four, experimental procedure

1.0.01mol/L the preparation of EDTA standard solution and demarcation

1) preparation

On platform balance, take 1gEDTA in beaker, by a small amount of water heating for dissolving, add a little MgCl ₂, proceed to after cooling and in 250mL vinyon bottle, add deionized water and be diluted to 250mL.

2) demarcate:

Accurately take CaCO ₃about primary standard substance 0.25g, is placed in 100mL beaker, first wetting with a small amount of water, covers surface plate, slowly drips 1: 1HCl 5mL, until it, all after dissolvings, add deionized water 50mL, and micro-ly boil several minutes to remove CO ₂, a small amount of water of cooling rear use rinses surface plate and beaker inwall, is quantitatively transferred in 250mL volumetric flask, is diluted with water to scale, shakes up.

Get 25.00mL Ca ²⁺standard solution is in 250mL conical flask, add 20mL water, then add 10mL ammonia buffer solution, 3 chromium black T indicator indicator, with EDTA solution to be calibrated, be titrated to solution immediately and become pure blue (hyacinthine) from aubergine (claret), be terminal.Parallel calibration three times, the accurate concentration of calculating EDTA solution.

2. the mensuration of tap water total hardness

Pipette water sample 100.0mL in 250mL conical flask, add that 1 ~ 2 1:1HCl is micro-boils several minutes to remove CO ₂, cooling after, add 1: 1 triethanolamine of 3mL (if contain heavy metal ion in water sample, to add 1mL 2%Na ₂s solution is sheltered), 5mL ammonia buffer solution, 2～3 eriochrome black Ts (EBT) indicator, EDTA standard solution is titrated to solution and becomes pure blue from aubergine, is terminal.While noting approaching terminal, should drip and shake more slowly.Replicate determination three times, the total hardness of calculating water, with mg/L(CaCO ₃) expression analysis result.

3. the mensuration of CaH and magnesium hardness

Water sampling 100.0mL, in 250mL conical flask, adds the NaOH solution of 2mL 6mol/L, shakes up, then adds 0.01g calcon-carboxylic acid, shakes up with EDTA standard solution, to be titrated to solution and from claret, to become pure blue and be terminal afterwards.Replicate determination three times, calculates CaH.By total hardness and CaH, obtain magnesium hardness. ".

The standardization guide book of experiment of other experimental projects also can be analyzed in a comparable manner contrast, experimental verification, comprehensively compares, confirm optimization procedure, write guide book of experiment.

The standardization guide book of 22 experimental projects is collected and bound into book form, department of relevant colleges and universities, the experimental center of < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > > offered in visit, with school, department, the laboratory of being ready to use standardization guide book of experiment, signature cooperation agreement.

Before per term starts, project and the experiment number of student to school, department, the laboratory statistics of signature cooperation agreement, offered, by the product of the required reagent optimal number of experiment number of student and every group experiment student, calculated the theoretical requirement of reagent of each experimental project, due to always lossy, so the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by loss factor again and calculates agent delivery amount.

With the preparation of the required part reagent of mensuration > > of < < tap water hardness in < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > >, distribute, be determined as example and further illustrate the present embodiment.After statistics, show to have N laboratory to offer, total number of persons is M, and Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment.

This experiment need to use EDTA (s) (A.R.), CaCO ₃(s) (A.R.), HCl (1: 1), triethanolamine (1: 1), NH ₃-NH ₄cl buffer solution (pH=10), chromium black T indicator (0.5%), 6mol/L NaOH solution, calcon-carboxylic acid, MgCl ₂the reagent such as saturated solution, wherein high-load low price reagent has CaCO ₃(s) (A.R.), 6mol/L NaOH solution, HCl (1: 1), the low consumption reagent of low content low price has chromium black T indicator (0.5%), calcon-carboxylic acid, MgCl ₂saturated solution, high price reagent have EDTA (s) (A.R.), triethanolamine (1: 1), the high consumption reagent of low content low price have NH ₃-NH ₄cl buffer solution (pH=10), without accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate.To experiment instruction teacher's statistics draw in this experiment the EDTA (s) that uses (A.R.), CaCO ₃(s) (A.R.), HCl (1: 1), triethanolamine (1: 1), NH ₃-NH ₄cl buffer solution (pH=10), chromium black T indicator (0.5%), 6mol/L NaOH solution, calcon-carboxylic acid, MgCl ₂saturated solution loss factor is respectively 1.1,1.1,1.2,1.2,1.2,5,1.3,5,3.

Now take preparation 6mol/L NaOH solution as example explanation high-load low price reagent, high price reagent process for preparation,

In experiment, requiring " water sampling 100.0mL, in 250mL conical flask, adds the NaOH solution of 2mL 6mol/L ... replicate determination three times, " is that every group of experiment student once using 6mL in experiment.An existing N school offers this experiment, and Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, and loss factor is defined as 1.3 through statistics, needs the amount G to the 6mol/L NaOH solution of all laboratories preparation ₂for

(mL)

Analyze the use amount G of pure NaOH ₃for

The preparation of 6mol/L NaOH solution need to be dissolved in 240g NaOH 1L deionized water.Get G ₃g analyzes pure NaOH, slowly adds required deionized water, stirs, cooling, and packing bottle inlet plug is the 500mL reagent bottle of plastics or rubber, according to reagent label standard, fills in relevant information and be attached on reagent bottle on label.By the reagent storage preparing.

Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, the bottle number S of the 6mol/L NaOH solution of Ni laboratory needs ₂for

Before starting, whole experimental courses transports S ₂the 6mol/L NaOH solution of bottle is to the Storage in Ni laboratory.

Now take and prepare 0.5% chromium black T indicator as the low consumption reagent of example explanation low content low price process for preparation,

In experiment, require " to pipette 25.00mL Ca ²⁺standard solution, in 250mL conical flask, adds 20mL water, then adds 10mL ammonia buffer solution, 3 chromium black T indicators ... parallel calibration three times.Pipette water sample 100.0mL ... add 2～3 eriochrome black Ts (EBT) indicator ... replicate determination three times ", every group of experiment student once using 20 left and right chromium black T indicators in experiment, every about 0.02mL, chromium black T indicator amounts to approximately 0.40 mL.An existing N school offers this experiment, and Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, and loss factor is defined as 5 through statistics, needs the amount G to 0.5% chromium black T indicator of all laboratories preparation ₄for

(mL)

The use amount G of chromium black T indicator ₅for

The preparation of 0.5% chromium black T indicator need to be dissolved in 0.5g eriochrome black T in the mixed solvent of 75mL triethanolamine and 25mL ethanol composition.Get G ₅g eriochrome black T, joins the mixed solvent that volume required triethanolamine and ethanol form, and dissolves, stirs, and packing forward (FWD) has in the reagent bottle of dropper, according to reagent label standard, fills in relevant information and be attached on reagent bottle on label.By the reagent storage preparing.

Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, the bottle number S of 0.5% eriochrome black T of Ni laboratory needs ₃be at least in each room, laboratory each 1 bottle.

Particularly preferred, in the reagent rack of every row's student experimenting platform in each room, laboratory at least 1 bottle, corresponding bottle number S ₃it is the row of the reagent rack of student experimenting platform in Ni laboratory.

Before starting, whole experimental courses transports S ₃0.5% chromium black T indicator of bottle is to the Storage in Ni laboratory.

Again with 0.05mol/L Na in the preparation of the < < buffer solution in < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > > and property experiment > > ₂cO ₃solution is example, further illustrates and how to produce, transport, distributes and use the high consumption reagent of low content low price.In experiment, require to measure respectively the 0.05mol/L Na of 15 mL, 25 mL ₂cO ₃solution is example, and every group of experiment student uses the 0.05mol/L Na of 40 mL in once testing ₂cO ₃solution is example.An existing N school offers this experiment, and Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, and loss factor is defined as 1.2 through statistics, needs the 0.05mol/L Na preparing to all laboratories ₂cO ₃the amount G of solution is

（mL）

Analyze pure Na ₂cO ₃use amount G ₁for

Determine splendid attire 0.05mol/L Na on laboratory experiment platform ₂cO ₃the capacity specifications of the reagent bottle of solution is 500mL, 0.05mol/L Na in every reagent bottle ₂cO ₃the quality m of solution should be

m=0.05×(500/1000)×106.0=2.65(g)

By G ₁the Na of g purity assay ₂cO ₃be packed as each and be packaged as 2.65 g Na ₂cO ₃na ₂cO ₃pack, sticks reagent label, storage.

Ni laboratory has Mi group student to do this experiment, Ni the Na that laboratory needs ₂cO ₃the amount S of pack ₁for

Before starting, whole experimental courses transports S ₁the Na of individual packing ₂cO ₃pack is to the Storage in Ni laboratory;

Before the preparation of < < buffer solution and property experiment > > experimental project start, by S ₁the Na of individual packing ₂cO ₃pack is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, and student is by Na ₂cO ₃pack adds splendid attire 0.05mol/L Na after sealing off ₂cO ₃in the reagent bottle of solution, then solvent to 500 mL that adds this reagent place to need, mix, according to experiment is required, freely take.

By whole enough being ready to of various reagent required in 22 standardized experimental projects.Add up the experimental project that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment is offered, the experiment reagent amount that statistics needs starts last by other experiment reagents at experimental courses and is transported to this laboratory except reagent apt to deteriorate.

For example, be ready to use the < < Experiment of Analytical Chemistry > > in Ni laboratory in N laboratory of standardization guide book of experiment to have Mi student experimenting, selected 1, analytical balance weighs exercise, 2, titrimetric basic operation exercise, 5, the mensuration of acetate concentration in edible white vinegar, 7, NaOH and Na in mixed base ₂cO ₃the mensuration of content, 9, the mensuration of aluminium content in aluminium alloy, 10, the METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION of bismuth, lead content, 14, the mensuration of chemical oxygen consumption (COC) (permanganimetric method) in water sample, 17, the mensuration of Ascorbic Acid in Fruit (Vc) content, 18, the mensuration (Moire technique) of chlorinity in chloride, 19, the mensuration (barium sulfate precipitate gravimetry) of barium content in barium chloride dihydrate, 20, Phen Their Determination by Spectrophotometry iron, 22, SiO in portland cement ₂, Fe ₂o ₃, Al ₂o ₃, CaO and MgO content 12 experiments such as mensuration.

Need other all reagent except reagent apt to deteriorate in 12 experiments to propose from the reagent storage of producing according to requirement, whole reagent of all items were transported to this laboratory after preparing together before whole experimental courses starts.Add up the amount of the reagent place apt to deteriorate need that use in 12 experiments, before the experiment of using this kind of reagent apt to deteriorate starts, transport the reagent of this amount to this laboratory.

Before experimental project starts, the various reagent that this experimental project is required are put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, freely taken, wherein the high consumption reagent of low content low price is put in the reagent rack of experiment table after preparation in experimentation voluntarily by student.

The above; be only a kind of embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or alternative, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the production of reagent and a system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The production of reagent and a system and method for use, comprise reagent analysis and optimize link, reagent production and transit link, reagent distribution and use link;

Described reagent analysis is work like this with optimizing link:

Teaching arrangement, the guide book of experiment of the identical experiment course that first school duty room of the identical subject of the different schools of collection arrangement is offered, kind and the quantity of the reagent that statistics identical experiment project is required;

To identical experiment project, according to the experimental procedure of stipulating in the different guide book of experiment in each laboratory, test respectively, work out the optimum specifications of every kind of reagent of this experimental project, the optimum amount of every kind of reagent, adopt the optimum specifications of every kind of reagent, the optimum amount of every kind of reagent, design the standardization experiment of this experimental project, and write the standardization guide book of experiment of this experimental project, realize standardization, the standardization of this experimental project

The reagent that this experimental project is required is classified according to concentration specifications, price, consumption, characteristic, be divided into several classes such as high-load reagent, low content reagent, low price reagent, high price reagent, low consumption reagent, high consumption reagent, accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate;

It is work like this that described reagent is produced with transit link:

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the required reagent optimised quantity of experiment number of student and every group experiment student, calculated the theoretical requirement of every kind of reagent of each experimental project, due to always lossy, so the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by loss factor again and calculates every kind of agent delivery amount;

The mode of production of every class reagent such as high-load low price reagent, the high consumption reagent of low content low price, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent, accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate is different, and every kind of reagent is produced according to the mode of production of classification under it;

The reagent bottle that various reagent place use is determined according to classification under the characteristic of reagent and reagent;

Add up the amount of every kind of reagent of each laboratory needs of offering standardization experiment, and transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

It is work like this that described reagent distributes with using link:

Before experimental project starts, the required various reagent of this experimental project are put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, freely taken, wherein the high consumption reagent of low content low price also needs student after preparation, to put in the reagent rack of experiment table voluntarily in experimentation;

Empty reagent bottle after student uses reclaims, and in next time, transports reagent to laboratory Shi Fan factory.

2. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Described identical experiment project has referred to the experimental project of identical experiment object.

3. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Described loss factor is to determine like this:

Add up the actual consumption amount in reagent different years in different experiments chamber of certain specification, again each annual reagent actual consumption amount of each laboratory counting on is obtained to a series of reagent loss ratio divided by the theoretical requirement of reagent, choose the loss ratio of numerical value maximum as loss factor.

4. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The criteria for classification of the described high consumption reagent of high-load low price reagent, low content low price, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent, accurate concentration reagent, reagent apt to deteriorate is:

The value of the content of the principal ingredient of reagent between the value of the content of the pure specification of analysis of this reagent 0.01% to 10% between (containing 10%) be low content reagent, the value of the content of the principal ingredient of reagent between the value of the content of the pure specification of analysis of this reagent 10% to 100% between (not containing 10%) be high-load reagent;

Reagent belongs to high price reagent, and still to belong to low price reagent be artificial regulation;

In guide book of experiment certain reagent what add that total amount is less than 3mL is low consumption reagent, what be more than or equal to 3mL is high consumption reagent;

Accurate concentration reagent refers to that the number of significant figures of concentration is more than or equal to the reagent of three;

Reagent apt to deteriorate refers to the reagent that lost efficacy afterwards and go bad and cannot continue to use for 90 days according to correct method storage.

5. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Reagent bottle for the high consumption liquid reagent of splendid attire, solid reagent in described reagent bottle at least comprises bottle (1), the first bottle stopper (3), the second bottle stopper (2) and bottle cap (4), wherein the first bottle stopper (3) is the bottle stopper that can closely insert bottleneck, when reagent storage and transportation, be used for sealing bottleneck, the large circle (6) that can insert the small boss (5) in bottleneck and cover bottleneck that the second bottle stopper (2) is less than internal diameter of the bottleneck by external diameter forms, and seals bottleneck when reagent is used for testing.

6. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Reagent bottle for the low consumption liquid reagent of splendid attire in described reagent bottle at least comprises bottle, bottle stopper, dropper and bottle cap, bottle stopper is the bottle stopper that can closely insert bottleneck, when reagent storage and transportation, be used for sealing bottleneck, dropper can insert in bottleneck, seals bottleneck when reagent is used for testing.

7. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The described low consumption reagent of high-load low price reagent, low content low price, production, transportation, distribution and the use of high price reagent are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the required reagent optimised quantity of experiment number of student and every group experiment student, calculate every kind of high-load low price reagent, the low consumption reagent of low content low price of each experimental project, the theoretical requirement of high price reagent, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of high-load low price reagent, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

Get the using amount of reagent of this purity, use suitable solvent or solid diluent according to requirement, dissolve or are uniformly dispersed, minute install in the reagent bottle that volume is no more than 1L, stick reagent label, storage,

Add up the amount of every kind of required high-load low price reagent of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, the low consumption reagent of low content low price, high price reagent, and before whole experimental courses starts, transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

Before each experimental project starts, the low consumption reagent of high-load low price reagent, low content low price, high price reagent that this experimental project is required are put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, taken voluntarily.

8. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

Production, transportation, distribution and the use of the described high consumption reagent of low content low price are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the experiment number of student reagent optimised quantity required with testing student, calculated the theoretical requirement of every kind of high consumption reagent of low content low price of each experimental project, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of high consumption reagent of low content low price again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

The capacity of determining the reagent bottle of the high consumption reagent of low content low price using on laboratory experiment platform is V mL, the specification of the high consumption reagent of low content low price in guide book of experiment is that concentration is c g/mL, in every reagent bottle, the quality of the high consumption reagent of low content low price is cV g

The reagent of required purity is packed as to the independent packaging that each is packaged as cV g, sticks reagent label, storage,

Add up the amount of the independent packaging of every kind of required high consumption reagent of low content low price of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, and before whole experimental courses starts, transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

Before each experimental project starts, the independent packaging of the required high consumption reagent of low content low price of this experimental project is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, after the independent packaging of the high consumption reagent of low content low price being sealed off by student, add in the reagent bottle of this reagent, add again the solvent of these reagent place's need to VmL, mix, student takes voluntarily, and the empty reagent bottle after reagent is finished reclaims.

9. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The production of described accurate concentration reagent, transportation, distribution and use link are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, the theoretical requirement that is calculated every kind of accurate concentration reagent of each experimental project by the product of the required reagent optimised quantity of experiment number of student and every group experiment student, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of accurate concentration reagent again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

Get the using amount of reagent of this purity, use suitable solvent or solid diluent according to requirement, dissolve or are uniformly dispersed, minute install in the reagent bottle that volume is no more than 1L,

Get the reagent preparing and demarcate, the result of demarcation is identified on reagent label, reagent label is labelled on reagent bottle, storage,

Add up the amount of every kind of required accurate concentration reagent of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, and before whole experimental courses starts, transport the reagent of this amount to the Storage in this laboratory;

The accurate concentration reagent that this experimental project is required is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, taken voluntarily, the empty reagent bottle after reagent is finished reclaims.

10. the production of a kind of reagent according to claim 1 and the system and method for use, is characterized in that:

The production of described reagent apt to deteriorate, transportation, distribution and use link are achieved in that

Count and be ready to use standardization guide book of experiment to carry out quantity and the experiment number of student in the laboratory of standardization experiment, by the product of the experiment number of student reagent optimised quantity required with testing student, calculated the theoretical requirement of every kind of reagent apt to deteriorate of each experimental project, the theoretical requirement of reagent is multiplied by the agent delivery amount that loss factor calculates every kind of reagent apt to deteriorate again;

According to the reagent specification in guide book of experiment and agent delivery amount, calculate the use amount of the reagent of required purity,

Get the using amount of reagent of this purity, use suitable solvent or solid diluent according to requirement, dissolve or are uniformly dispersed, minute install in the reagent bottle that volume is no more than 1L, stick reagent label, storage,

Add up the amount of every kind of required reagent apt to deteriorate of whole experimental courses that each laboratory of offering standardization experiment needs, before the experiment of using this kind of reagent apt to deteriorate starts, transport the reagent of this amount to this laboratory;

The reagent apt to deteriorate that this experimental project is required is put in the reagent rack of experiment table, by student, freely taken, the empty reagent bottle after reagent is finished reclaims.

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