CN103615717B - A kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load - Google Patents
A kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load Download PDFInfo
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- CN103615717B CN103615717B CN201310506650.9A CN201310506650A CN103615717B CN 103615717 B CN103615717 B CN 103615717B CN 201310506650 A CN201310506650 A CN 201310506650A CN 103615717 B CN103615717 B CN 103615717B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load, comprise oxygen enrichment conduit, the oily coal hybrid combustor of the primary air piping of central axes, cylindrical shape, secondary air channel, secondary air box and precombustion chamber.Secondary air box is provided with the secondary air inlet towards peripheral, oblique on tube wall; Secondary air box runs through once airduct vertically, is coaxially arranged with oily coal hybrid combustor in primary air piping, is provided with high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun and oxygen enrichment conduit at oily coal hybrid combustor; The outer coaxially sheathed secondary air channel that swirl vane is housed of primary air piping, and at the port of export, bluff body is installed; Be provided with precombustion chamber in secondary air box, precombustion chamber entrance point establishes classification air channel, and installs some disturbance wind snouts at burner outlet.Igniting rate of economizing gasoline of the present invention reaches more than 90%, has underload and ultra-low load steady combustion function; And have employed the technology such as oxygen enrichment, Pulverized Coal Concentration and air stage feeding, coal dust burn-off rate is high, NO to make this burner also have
xthe advantages such as discharge capacity is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of burner, particularly relate to a kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load.
Background technology
2012, China's imported crude oil about 2.85 hundred million tons, reached 58.7% to the interdependency of imported crude oil.General current viewpoint is thought, state's petroleum import interdependency, more than 50%, just illustrates that this state has entered energy Warning years.Visible oil has now become the strategic materials of relation China economic security.
Large-sized station boiler igniting and low-load combustion-stabilizing oil mass huge, the secondary consumption 50-70 ton oil of 200MW boiler black furnace kindling one, a 300MW boiler about consumes 80-100 ton oil, and it is oily that 600MW boiler about consumes 200-250 ton.Have relevant statistics to show, the annual boiler kindling igniting of China about consumes 150-180 ten thousand tons of fuel oils, amounts to RMB 45-54 hundred million yuan.Help in fuel oil at underload, along with net capacity strengthens, electrical network peak-valley difference aggravates, the low power consumption period at night, many units, after burner reconstruction, can not throw the steady combustion of oil when 50-60% load, but when ultra-low load (30-50%) runs, must come into operation and help fuel oil, combustion-supporting oil mass is huge.Based on this, National Development and Reform Committee encourages exploitation and promotes oil-free ignition technology and igniting technology with less oil.
Domesticly successfully develop plasma oil-free ignition technology, this technology is widely applied on large-sized station boiler.This technology can realize non-oil ignition, but also there is system complex, high in cost of production problem.
Igniting technology with less oil refers to that less oil gun of exerting oneself is arranged in First air spout, and with the part dense primary wind and powder air-flow of a small amount of oil drop combustion after air-coal separating, the method usually adopting the big fire of little fire point to amplify gradually, finally lights whole First air air-flow.But existing igniting technology with less oil, often oxygen concentration is lower in the place high at coal powder density, and coal powder ignition and burning need enough oxygen supplies, therefore coal dust causes incomplete combustion owing to can not get sufficient oxygen, and the burn-off rate of burner outlet coal dust is reduced; In addition, most of igniting technology with less oil does not solve the high problem of nitrogen oxide emission very well.
Summary of the invention
For above Problems existing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition of the present invention and steady burning burner in ultra low load comprise oxygen enrichment conduit, primary air piping, cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor, secondary air channel, secondary air box and precombustion chamber, the central axes of described primary air piping, cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor, secondary air channel, secondary air box and precombustion chamber, wherein, described secondary air box is provided with the secondary air inlet towards peripheral, oblique on tube wall; The port of export of primary air piping stretches in secondary air box, oil coal hybrid combustor is placed in primary air piping, obliquely in the front end of oily coal hybrid combustor be provided with high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun, the port of export of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun is placed in oily coal mixed combustion indoor, and the entrance point of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun is placed in outside primary air piping; Oxygen enrichment conduit stretches into oily coal mixed combustion indoor through the tube wall of primary air piping and oily coal hybrid combustor, and the central axes of the central axis of the port of export of oxygen enrichment conduit and oily coal hybrid combustor; The pulverized coal concentrator that can form the breeze airflow that center is dense, both sides are light is provided with in the entrance point of described primary air piping, the port of export overcoat of described primary air piping has described secondary air channel, secondary air channel is placed in secondary air box, is provided with swirl vane between the outer wall of the inwall of secondary air channel and the port of export of primary air piping; The described precombustion chamber being provided with open at both ends in described secondary air box and the conically shaped extended to form by secondary air channel reamer, the large end of conically shaped stretches into the entrance point of precombustion chamber, and between conically shaped and precombustion chamber, form the classification air channel of annular; Between the outer wall and the inwall of secondary air box of described precombustion chamber, form circular passage, the exit of this circular passage is provided with annular end face, and annular end face is provided with perforate equably, is installed with disturbance wind snout at described tapping.
Further, the port of export of primary air piping of the present invention is enlarging shape, and this enlarging shape port of export extend in described conically shaped, in this enlarging shape port of export, be provided with conical bluff body.
Further, the axial angle of disturbance wind snout of the present invention and precombustion chamber is 10 ° ~ 20 °, tangential angle is 30 ~ 45 °.
Further, the axial angle of the central axis of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun of the present invention and the central axis of oily coal hybrid combustor is 30 ° ~ 45 °.
Further, the wall of the port of export of oxygen enrichment conduit of the present invention has the aperture be evenly arranged.
Further, the number of aperture of the present invention is 20-30.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
(1) liquid-fuel oil is carried out mechanical atomization by high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun of the present invention, become ultra-fine oil droplet to burn, the torch producing temperature very high (1500-2000 DEG C) is thus lighted through concentrated high concentration pulverized coal, thus reaches the object of firing a large amount of coal dust with the oil drop of trace.Igniting rate of economizing gasoline can reach more than 90%, and has low-load combustion-stabilizing function.
(2) the present invention has passed into oxygen enrichment in the Ignition of coal dust, provides the oxygen needed for coal dust firing in time, improves the burn-off rate of burner outlet coal dust.
(3) the present invention arranges swirl vane in secondary air channel, the air-flow through swirl vane is produced and rotates, and arrange bluff body at primary air piping nozzle, thus be formed with the recirculating zone being beneficial to and catching fire, coal dust is more easily lighted.
(4) present invention employs precombustion chamber design, utilize the radiation of precombustion chamber high temperature barrel and the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection of reverse reflux high-temperature flue gas, make the rapid ignition of breeze airflow; On the other hand, the entrance point of precombustion chamber is provided with high speed classification wind, has and blows ash effect, to make in precombustion chamber not dust stratification, and effectively can prevent slagging scorification.
(5) the present invention has sprayed into the disturbance wind with certain tangential angle in the exit of burner, strengthens the level of disruption of air-flow, thus facilitates the burning of coal dust, improve the burn-off rate of coal dust.
(6) the present invention adopts the graduation three wind mode of Secondary Air, classification wind and disturbance wind, significantly reduces the discharge of nitrogen oxide.
(7) structure of the present invention is simple, and cost of investment is low, has certain market competitiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A direction view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is disturbance wind snout distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the flow field schematic diagram of burner;
In figure: 1, primary air piping, 2, secondary air channel, 3, classification air channel, 4, disturbance wind snout, 5, swirl vane, 6, bluff body, 7, pulverized coal concentrator, 8, oily coal hybrid combustor, 9, oxygen enrichment conduit, 10, secondary air inlet, 11, secondary air box, 12, precombustion chamber, 13, annular end face, 14, circular passage, 15, high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes primary air piping 1, oily coal hybrid combustor 8, oxygen enrichment conduit 9, secondary air channel 2, secondary air box 11 and precombustion chamber 12, the central axes of primary air piping 1, cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor 8, secondary air channel 2, secondary air box 11 and precombustion chamber 12.
Secondary air box 11 is provided with the secondary air inlet 10 (as shown in Figure 2) towards peripheral, oblique on tube wall.According to fluid mechanics principle, air-flow is adopted and is entered bellows in this way, makes the air-flow in bellows more even, thus improves the uniformity of burner outlet interface air-flow.Be provided with pulverized coal concentrator 7 in the entrance point of primary air piping 1, after breeze airflow clashes into pulverized coal concentrator 7, two strands of breeze airflows that the center that defines is dense, both sides are light, this is conducive to the ignition and steady combustion of breeze airflow.Columnar oily coal hybrid combustor 8 is provided with in primary air piping 1, in the front end of oily coal hybrid combustor 8, high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun 15 is installed, high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun 15 is to the importer of oily coal hybrid combustor 8 to deflection certain angle β, β is the axial angle of the central axis of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun 15 and the central axis of oily coal hybrid combustor 8, preferably 30 °≤β≤45 °.Liquid-fuel oil is carried out mechanical atomization by high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun 15, become ultra-fine oil droplet to burn, the concentrated high concentration pulverized coal of middle the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin lighted by the torch producing temperature very high (1500-2000 DEG C) thus, thus reaches the object of firing a large amount of coal dust with the oil drop of trace.In oil coal hybrid combustor 8, oxygen enrichment conduit 9 is also installed, one section of wall of the port of export of oxygen enrichment conduit 9 has the aperture be evenly arranged, the quantity of aperture can be 20-30, oxygen sprays and then mixes with breeze airflow from these apertures, make the what is called " San Gaoqu " forming high temperature, high coal powder density and suitably high oxygen concentration at this place, ensure that catching fire and smooth combustion of coal dust.
It can also be seen that from Fig. 1, the outer coaxial sleeve of the port of export of primary air piping 1 is provided with secondary air channel 2, and secondary air channel 2 is placed in secondary air box 11, between the inwall of secondary air channel 2 and the outer wall of the port of export of primary air piping 1, be provided with swirl vane 5.Secondary air channel 2 reamer extends to form conically shaped, and conically shaped is positioned at secondary air box 11.As shown in Figure 1, the port of export of primary air piping 1 is enlarging shape, and this enlarging shape port of export extend in described conically shaped, in this enlarging shape port of export, be provided with conical bluff body 6.Under swirl vane 5 in secondary air channel 2 and the acting in conjunction of bluff body 6, the air-flow in secondary air channel 2 flows out secondary air channel 2 Hou center (i.e. the afterbody of bluff body 6) and defines the high temperature recirculation zone being conducive to coal powder ignition and surely firing, as shown in Figure 3.In addition, the present invention additionally uses the structure of precombustion chamber 12, and the inwall of precombustion chamber 12 is that heat-insulation material is made, so the wall temperature of precombustion chamber 12 can raise very soon and remain on a higher temperature.The large end of the conically shaped that secondary air channel 2 reamer extends to form stretches into the entrance point of precombustion chamber 12, and between the outer wall and the inwall of precombustion chamber 12 of conically shaped, form the classification air channel 3 of annular; Form circular passage 14 between the outer wall of precombustion chamber 12 and the inwall of secondary air box 11, the exit of this circular passage 14 is provided with annular end face 13, and annular end face 13 is provided with perforate equably, is installed with disturbance wind snout 4 at described tapping.Breeze airflow under the radiation of high temperature barrel and the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection acting in conjunction of reverse reflux high-temperature flue gas, rapid ignition.The root (i.e. entrance point) of precombustion chamber 12 is owing to being provided with classification air channel 3; the wall that classification wind is close to precombustion chamber 12 by classification air channel 3 sprays into; not only effectively can prevent the slagging scorification of precombustion chamber 12, also can play a very good protection to burner outlet of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention is provided with some disturbance wind snouts 4 in burner outlet surrounding, this disturbance wind snout along precombustion chamber 12 axis and tangentially all swing certain angle, wherein, axial angle α preferably 10 °≤α≤20 ° (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 4), tangential angle γ preferably 30 °≤γ≤45 ° (see Fig. 3).Axial angle α refers to the angle of the central axis of disturbance wind snout 4 and the central axis of precombustion chamber 12, and tangential angle γ refers to the angle of the central axis of disturbance wind snout 4 and the tangent to periphery of precombustion chamber 12.
Air needed for coal dust after burning is divided into three parts and sends into by the present invention, namely the conically shaped of burner, the entrance point of precombustion chamber 12 and the port of export is sent into respectively by secondary air channel 2, classification air channel 3, disturbance wind snout 4, make fuel all be in anoxycausis state in the oily coal hybrid combustor 8 and precombustion chamber 12 of burner, thus reduce the generation of nitrogen oxide significantly.
See Fig. 4, the course of work of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is when starting ignition, first small-power high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun 15 is lighted, the torch producing temperature very high thus enters oily coal hybrid combustor 8, thus the thick coal culm air-flow at some fuel oil coal hybrid combustor 8 center, reach the object that micro oil lights a large amount of coal dust.Open secondary air inlet 10 simultaneously, now Secondary Air, classification wind, disturbance wind enter the conically shaped of burner, the entrance point of precombustion chamber 12 and the outlet of burner respectively by secondary air channel 2, classification air channel 3, disturbance wind snout 4, realize the classification supply of air, effectively can reduce NO
xdischarge.Wherein, the air-flow of secondary air channel 2 is by after swirl vane 5, produce and rotate, and recirculating zone is formed at the center (namely at bluff body 6 afterbody) of conically shaped after the spout (i.e. the outlet of secondary air channel) flowing out secondary air channel 2, entrainment the high-temperature flue gas in boiler furnace, heating is firing coal-dust also.The flow rotation of disturbance wind snout 4 washes away breeze airflow, produces good disturbance effect, thus promotes the burning of coal dust, improves the burn-off rate of coal dust.
Claims (6)
1. an oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load, comprise oxygen enrichment conduit (9), primary air piping (1), cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor (8), secondary air channel (2), secondary air box (11) and precombustion chamber (12), described primary air piping (1), cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor (8), secondary air channel (2), the central axes of secondary air box (11) and precombustion chamber (12), it is characterized in that: described secondary air box (11) is provided with the secondary air inlet (10) towards peripheral, oblique on tube wall, the port of export of primary air piping (1) stretches in secondary air box (11), oil coal hybrid combustor (8) is placed in primary air piping (1), be provided with high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) the front end of oily coal hybrid combustor (8) is oblique, the port of export of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) is placed in oily coal hybrid combustor (8), and the entrance point of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) is placed in primary air piping (1) outward, oxygen enrichment conduit (9) stretches in oily coal hybrid combustor (8) through the tube wall of primary air piping (1) and oily coal hybrid combustor (8), and the central axes of the central axis of the port of export of oxygen enrichment conduit (9) and oily coal hybrid combustor (8), the pulverized coal concentrator (7) that can form the breeze airflow that center is dense, both sides are light is provided with in the entrance point of described primary air piping (1), the port of export overcoat of described primary air piping (1) has described secondary air channel (2), secondary air channel (2) is placed in secondary air box (11), is provided with swirl vane (5) between the outer wall of the inwall of secondary air channel (2) and the port of export of primary air piping (1), the described precombustion chamber (12) being provided with open at both ends in described secondary air box (11) and the conically shaped extended to form by secondary air channel (2) reamer, the large end of conically shaped stretches into the entrance point of precombustion chamber (12), and between conically shaped and precombustion chamber (12), form the classification air channel (3) of annular, circular passage (14) is formed between the outer wall and the inwall of secondary air box (11) of described precombustion chamber (12), the exit of this circular passage (14) is provided with annular end face (13), (13) are provided with perforate to annular end face equably, are installed with disturbance wind snout (4) at described tapping.
2. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, it is characterized in that: the port of export of described primary air piping (1) is enlarging shape, this enlarging shape port of export extend in described conically shaped, in this enlarging shape port of export, be provided with conical bluff body (6).
3. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: described disturbance wind snout (4) and the axial angle of precombustion chamber (12) are 10 ° ~ 20 °, tangential angle is 30 ~ 45 °.
4. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: the axial angle of the central axis of described high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) and the central axis of oily coal hybrid combustor (8) is 30 ° ~ 45 °.
5. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: the wall of the port of export of described oxygen enrichment conduit (9) has the aperture be evenly arranged.
6. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 5 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: the number of described aperture is 20-30.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310506650.9A CN103615717B (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | A kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load |
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| CN201310506650.9A CN103615717B (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | A kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load |
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| CN103615717B true CN103615717B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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