CN103615331A - Method of suppressing rough combustion of dual-fuel engine - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及内燃机技术领域，尤其是一种抑制双燃料发动机燃烧粗暴的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a method for suppressing rough combustion of a dual-fuel engine.
背景技术Background technique
为了大幅度提高汽油机的热效率，提高汽油燃料的能量利用率，2002年申请者提出了一种汽油均质混合气柴油引燃（HCII，Homogeneous Charge Induced Ignition）燃烧模式【1,2,3】，该燃烧模式同时使用物理和化学特性差别极大的两种燃料，高辛烷值燃料（如汽油）喷射入进气道，在发动机的进气和压缩冲程中与空气充分混合，形成均质的混合气；高十六烷值燃料（如柴油）在压缩上止点附近向缸内直接喷射，自燃着火。HCII燃烧模式使用类似于柴油机的高压缩比。同时，缸内喷入的柴油多点自燃，形成大面积的着火区域，且引燃已经混合均匀的汽油均质混合气，燃烧放热速度快，燃烧等容度高。相比于汽油机的单点点火，HCII模式的多点自燃着火能够大大的降低循环波动率，同时有利于实现稀燃。试验结果表明，燃烧模式的热效率显著高于汽油机，可以达到甚至超过柴油机的水平；由于着火前，汽油已经形成均匀的混合气，降低了扩散燃烧的比例，也能够有效地降低碳烟排放。2009年美国威斯康辛大学Reitz等提出汽/柴油双燃料活性控制压燃(Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition,RCCI)燃烧的概念[4-6]，通过对汽油燃料采用气道喷射，柴油采用缸内直喷，燃烧最大平均有效压力可以达到1.3MPa，原始碳烟和NOx排放可以满足欧VI法规的要求，热效率最高达到了53%。In order to greatly improve the thermal efficiency of gasoline engines and improve the energy utilization rate of gasoline fuel, in 2002 the applicant proposed a gasoline homogeneous mixture gas diesel ignition (HCII, Homogeneous Charge Induced Ignition) combustion mode [1,2,3], This combustion mode uses two fuels with very different physical and chemical properties at the same time. High-octane fuel (such as gasoline) is injected into the intake port and fully mixed with air during the intake and compression strokes of the engine to form a homogeneous mixture. Mixed gas; high cetane number fuel (such as diesel) is directly injected into the cylinder near the compression top dead center, and spontaneously ignites. The HCII combustion mode uses a high compression ratio similar to a diesel engine. At the same time, the diesel injected into the cylinder spontaneously ignites at multiple points, forming a large area of ignition area, and ignites the homogeneous mixture of gasoline that has been evenly mixed, with fast combustion heat release and high combustion equipotentiality. Compared with the single-point ignition of the gasoline engine, the multi-point self-ignition ignition of the HCII mode can greatly reduce the cycle fluctuation rate, and at the same time facilitate the realization of lean combustion. The test results show that the thermal efficiency of the combustion mode is significantly higher than that of the gasoline engine, and can reach or even exceed the level of the diesel engine; because the gasoline has formed a homogeneous mixture before ignition, the proportion of diffusion combustion is reduced, and the soot emission can also be effectively reduced. In 2009, Reitz et al. of the University of Wisconsin in the United States proposed the concept of gasoline/diesel dual fuel Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) combustion [4-6]. By using port injection for gasoline fuel and direct injection for diesel, The maximum average effective pressure of combustion can reach 1.3MPa, the original soot and NOx emissions can meet the requirements of Euro VI regulations, and the thermal efficiency can reach up to 53%.
但是，双燃料发动机大负荷时，汽油混合气过浓，压力升高率过高，燃烧粗暴，容易损坏发动机。目前常用的抑制压燃式发动机大负荷工作粗暴的方法有降低发动机压缩比，推迟喷油提前角，提高过量空气系数等。这些方法虽然能在一定程度上缓解双燃料发动机的燃烧粗暴问题，但会对发动机的动力性、经济性和排放造成不利影响。因此，如何在保持发动机性能的前提下抑制大负荷燃烧粗暴问题，是双燃料发动机开发中的一个难题。However, when the dual-fuel engine is heavily loaded, the gasoline mixture is too rich, the pressure rise rate is too high, the combustion is rough, and the engine is easily damaged. At present, the commonly used methods to suppress the rough work of the compression ignition engine under heavy load include reducing the engine compression ratio, delaying the fuel injection advance angle, and increasing the excess air coefficient, etc. Although these methods can alleviate the rough combustion problem of dual-fuel engines to a certain extent, they will have adverse effects on the power, economy and emissions of the engine. Therefore, how to suppress the problem of heavy-load combustion roughness under the premise of maintaining engine performance is a difficult problem in the development of dual-fuel engines.
发明内容Contents of the invention
（一）要解决的技术问题(1) Technical problems to be solved
本发明的目的是，提供一种抑制双燃料发动机燃烧粗暴的方法，从而实现两阶段燃烧时大幅度降低瞬时燃烧放热速率，获得低的缸内压力升高率，从而有效地抑制双燃料发动机中高负荷时的粗暴燃烧。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing the rough combustion of a dual-fuel engine, thereby greatly reducing the instantaneous combustion heat release rate during the two-stage combustion, and obtaining a low in-cylinder pressure rise rate, thereby effectively suppressing the combustion of the dual-fuel engine. Rough combustion at medium to high loads.
（二）技术方案(2) Technical solutions
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种抑制双燃料发动机燃烧粗暴的方法，包括：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for suppressing rough combustion of a dual-fuel engine, including:
检测通过进气道进入空气的质量；Detect the quality of air entering through the intake duct;
基于第一燃空当量比以及所述空气的质量通过汽油喷油器控制汽油的输出量；以及，向所述双燃料发动机的燃料缸输送相应喷射量的汽油；Controlling the output of gasoline through the gasoline injector based on the first fuel-air equivalence ratio and the quality of the air; and delivering a corresponding injection amount of gasoline to the fuel cylinder of the dual-fuel engine;
基于第二燃空当量比以及所述空气的质量通过柴油喷油器控制柴油的输出量；以及，向所述双燃料发动机的燃料缸输送相应喷射量的柴油。controlling the output of diesel oil through a diesel injector based on the second fuel-air equivalence ratio and the quality of the air; and delivering a corresponding injection amount of diesel to a fuel cylinder of the dual-fuel engine.
其中，所述第一燃空当量比的范围为0.3～0.7，所述第二燃空当量比的范围为0.1～0.3。优选的，所述第一燃空当量比为0.5，所述第二燃空当量比为0.1。Wherein, the range of the first fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.3-0.7, and the range of the second fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.1-0.3. Preferably, the first fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.5, and the second fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.1.
作为本发明进一步改进，本方法控制汽油输出量时还包括：控制汽油输出时刻。As a further improvement of the present invention, when the method controls the gasoline output, it also includes: controlling the gasoline output timing.
作为本发明进一步改进，本方法控制柴油输出量时还包括：控制柴油输出时刻。As a further improvement of the present invention, when the method controls the diesel output, it also includes: controlling the diesel output timing.
具体的，所述柴油输出时刻的范围为-20°CA～0°CA ATDC。优选的，所述柴油输出时刻为-5°CA ATDC。Specifically, the diesel output timing ranges from -20°CA to 0°CA ATDC. Preferably, the diesel output moment is -5°CA ATDC.
（三）有益效果(3) Beneficial effects
区别于背景技术，本发明通过进气道喷射汽油，缸内喷射柴油，通过汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器，分别控制两种喷油器的喷射脉宽，通过控制改变气道喷射的汽油浓度（第一燃空当量比）和缸内喷射的柴油机浓度（第二燃空当量比），实现两阶段燃烧放热时，大幅度降低瞬时燃烧放热速率，获得低的缸内压力升高率，从而有效地抑制双燃料发动机中高负荷时的粗暴燃烧，在显著抑制双燃料发动机大负荷工作粗暴的同时，油耗改善。并且，由于没有对发动机结构做任何改动，相比其他方式，能够显著降低发动机的生产成本。Different from the background technology, the present invention injects gasoline through the intake port, injects diesel oil in the cylinder, controls the injection pulse width of the two injectors respectively through the gasoline injector and the diesel injector, and changes the gasoline injected by the port Concentration (first fuel-air equivalence ratio) and diesel engine concentration (second fuel-air equivalence ratio) injected into the cylinder, when realizing two-stage combustion heat release, the instantaneous combustion heat release rate is greatly reduced, and a low in-cylinder pressure rise is obtained rate, thereby effectively inhibiting the rough combustion of the dual-fuel engine at high loads, while significantly inhibiting the roughness of the dual-fuel engine at high loads, the fuel consumption is improved. Moreover, since no changes are made to the engine structure, compared with other methods, the production cost of the engine can be significantly reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一实施方式中双燃料发动机结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dual-fuel engine in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明一实施方式中双燃料发动机两阶段燃烧放热率；Fig. 2 is the two-stage combustion heat release rate of a dual-fuel engine in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明一实施方式中两阶段燃烧时的放热率曲线；Fig. 3 is the heat release rate curve during two-stage combustion in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明一实施方式中两阶段燃烧时发动机的压升率；Fig. 4 is the pressure rise rate of the engine during two-stage combustion in an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明一实施方式中双燃料发动机部分结构图。Fig. 5 is a partial structural diagram of a dual-fuel engine in an embodiment of the present invention.
标号说明：Label description:
1柴油油箱；2柴油油耗仪；3柴油喷油器；4汽油油箱；5汽油油耗仪；6汽油喷油器；7流量计；8进气稳压罐；9烟度计；10排气分析仪；11排气稳压罐；12背压阀；13废气中冷器；14EGR阀；15缸压传感器；16电荷放大器；17角标；18燃烧分析仪；19测功机。1 Diesel fuel tank; 2 Diesel fuel consumption meter; 3 Diesel fuel injector; 4 Gasoline fuel tank; 5 Gasoline fuel consumption meter; 6 Gasoline fuel injector; 11 exhaust regulator tank; 12 back pressure valve; 13 exhaust gas intercooler; 14 EGR valve; 15 cylinder pressure sensor; 16 charge amplifier; 17 angle mark; 18 combustion analyzer; 19 dynamometer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、内容、和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。In order to make the purpose, content, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
本发明提供一种双燃料发动机抑制燃烧粗暴的方法，包括：The invention provides a method for suppressing rough combustion of a dual-fuel engine, comprising:
检测通过进气道进入空气的质量；Detect the quality of air entering through the intake duct;
基于第一燃空当量比以及所述空气的质量通过汽油喷油器控制汽油的输出量；以及，向所述双燃料发动机的燃料缸输送相应喷射量的汽油；Controlling the output of gasoline through the gasoline injector based on the first fuel-air equivalence ratio and the quality of the air; and delivering a corresponding injection amount of gasoline to the fuel cylinder of the dual-fuel engine;
基于第二燃空当量比以及所述空气的质量通过柴油喷油器控制柴油的输出量；以及，向所述双燃料发动机的燃料缸输送相应喷射量的柴油。controlling the output of diesel oil through a diesel injector based on the second fuel-air equivalence ratio and the quality of the air; and delivering a corresponding injection amount of diesel to a fuel cylinder of the dual-fuel engine.
本发明的原理是：通过改变预混合汽油燃料（第一燃空当量比）和直喷柴油燃料（第二燃空当量比）的燃空当量比来实现两阶段燃烧，抑制粗暴燃烧。其实施方式主要是通过进气道向双燃料发动机输送空气，并基于空气的质量以及第一燃空当量比和第二燃空当量比分别喷射相应喷射量的汽油和柴油，主要是通过汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器分别控制两种喷油器的喷射脉宽，从而控制汽油和柴油的喷射量，实现两阶段燃烧，抑制粗暴燃烧。本实施方式是通过进气道喷射汽油，缸内喷射柴油，其中汽油和柴油的喷射量是通过控制汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器的喷射脉宽来控制的，通过汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器分别控制两种喷油器的喷射脉宽，从而控制汽油和柴油的喷射量，从而改变预混合汽油燃料和直喷柴油燃料的燃空当量比，实现两阶段燃烧，抑制粗暴燃烧。The principle of the present invention is to realize two-stage combustion by changing the fuel-air equivalence ratio of premixed gasoline fuel (first fuel-air equivalence ratio) and direct injection diesel fuel (second fuel-air equivalence ratio), and suppress rough combustion. Its implementation is mainly to deliver air to the dual-fuel engine through the intake port, and inject corresponding injection quantities of gasoline and diesel based on the quality of the air, the first fuel-air equivalence ratio and the second fuel-air equivalence ratio, mainly through gasoline injection The fuel injector and the diesel injector respectively control the injection pulse width of the two injectors, thereby controlling the injection quantity of gasoline and diesel, realizing two-stage combustion and suppressing rough combustion. In this embodiment, gasoline is injected through the intake port, and diesel is injected into the cylinder. The injection quantities of gasoline and diesel are controlled by controlling the injection pulse width of the gasoline injector and diesel injector. The injector controls the injection pulse width of the two injectors separately, thereby controlling the injection quantity of gasoline and diesel, thereby changing the fuel-air equivalence ratio of premixed gasoline fuel and direct-injected diesel fuel, realizing two-stage combustion, and suppressing rough combustion.
其中，所述第一燃空当量比的范围为0.3～0.7，所述第二燃空当量比的范围为0.1～0.3。所述柴油输出时刻的范围为-20°CA～0°CAATDC。优选的，所述第一燃空当量比为0.5，所述第二燃空当量比为0.1，所述柴油输出时刻为-5°CA ATDC。Wherein, the range of the first fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.3-0.7, and the range of the second fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.1-0.3. The diesel output timing ranges from -20°CA to 0°CAATDC. Preferably, the first fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.5, the second fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.1, and the diesel output timing is -5°CA ATDC.
本发明通过控制气道喷射的汽油浓度（第一燃空当量比）和缸内喷射的柴油机浓度（第二燃空当量比），实现两阶段燃烧放热时，大幅度降低瞬时燃烧放热速率，获得低的缸内压力升高率，从而有效地抑制双燃料发动机中高负荷时的粗暴燃烧，在显著抑制双燃料发动机大负荷工作粗暴的同时，油耗改善。并且，由于没有对发动机结构做任何改动，相比其他方式，能够显著降低发动机的生产成本。The invention realizes the two-stage combustion heat release and greatly reduces the instantaneous combustion heat release rate by controlling the gasoline concentration (first fuel-air equivalence ratio) injected in the port and the diesel engine concentration (second fuel-air equivalence ratio) injected in the cylinder , to obtain a low cylinder pressure rise rate, thereby effectively suppressing the rough combustion of the dual-fuel engine at high loads, while significantly suppressing the rough operation of the dual-fuel engine at high loads, the fuel consumption is improved. Moreover, since no changes are made to the engine structure, compared with other methods, the production cost of the engine can be significantly reduced.
为能更好地理解本技术方案，本实施方式结合双燃料发动机具体阐述本技术方案带来的技术效果，请参阅图1，图1提供了一种双燃料发动机，包括：控制主机、燃料缸、汽油进油子系统、柴油进油子系统、空气进量子系统，所述柴油进油子系统、汽油进油子系统以及空气进量子系统均与所述控制主机电连接。In order to better understand this technical solution, this embodiment specifically elaborates the technical effect brought by this technical solution in combination with a dual-fuel engine. Please refer to Figure 1. Figure 1 provides a dual-fuel engine, including: a control host, a fuel cylinder , gasoline inlet subsystem, diesel oil inlet subsystem, air inlet subsystem, the diesel oil inlet subsystem, gasoline inlet subsystem and air inlet subsystem are all electrically connected to the control host.
所述控制主机用于监测并根据空气进量子系统空气质量及第一燃空当量比计算相应的汽油输出量，以及用于基于所述空气质量及第二燃空当量比计算相应的柴油输出量。The control host is used to monitor and calculate the corresponding gasoline output according to the air intake subsystem air quality and the first fuel-air equivalence ratio, and to calculate the corresponding diesel output based on the air quality and the second fuel-air equivalence ratio .
所述汽油进油子系统用于调节汽油输出量并向所述空气进量子系统输送相应输出量的汽油。The gasoline inlet subsystem is used to adjust the gasoline output and deliver the corresponding output gasoline to the air inlet subsystem.
所述空气进量子系统用于输出空气并接收所述汽油进油子系统基于第一燃空当量比输送相应喷射量的汽油，基于所述汽油及空气生成均质的第一混合气，并将所述第一混合气向燃料缸输送。The air inlet subsystem is used to output air and receive the gasoline inlet subsystem to deliver a corresponding injection amount of gasoline based on the first fuel-air equivalence ratio, generate a homogeneous first mixture based on the gasoline and air, and The first mixed gas is delivered to the fuel cylinder.
所述柴油进油子系统用于调节柴油输出量并向所述燃料缸输送相应输出量的柴油。所述空气进量子系统，还用于向所述燃料缸输送空气。The diesel oil inlet subsystem is used to adjust the diesel output and deliver the corresponding output diesel to the fuel cylinder. The air intake subsystem is also used to deliver air to the fuel cylinder.
具体的，请参阅图1，双燃料发动机还包括烟度计9、排气分析仪10、排气稳压罐11、背压阀12、废气中冷器13、EGR阀14、缸压传感器15、电荷放大器16、角标17、测量燃烧参数的燃烧分析仪18和测功机19。在本发明中，进气道即为空气进入双燃料发动机管道，在本实施方式中，即为流量计7和进气稳压罐8与燃料缸的连通管道。Specifically, please refer to Fig. 1, the dual-fuel engine also includes a
柴油进油子系统包括：柴油油箱1、与柴油油箱1输出口连通的柴油油耗仪2以及用于调节柴油输出量并喷出相应输出量柴油的柴油喷油器3，所述柴油喷油器3的输入口与柴油油耗仪2的输出口连通，柴油喷油器3的输出口与燃料缸的第一输入口连通。The diesel fuel inlet subsystem includes: a
汽油进油子系统包括：汽油油箱4、与汽油油箱4输出口连接的汽油油耗仪5以及用于调节汽油输出量并喷出相应输出量汽油的汽油喷油器6，所述汽油喷油器6的输入口与汽油油耗仪5的输出口连通，汽油喷油器6的输出口与进气稳压罐8的输出口连通。The gasoline inlet subsystem includes: a
空气进量子系统包括：测量并控制空气进量的流量计7以及与所述流量计7输出口连通的进气稳压罐8。The air intake subsystem includes: a
本实施方式是通过进气道喷射汽油，缸内喷射柴油，其中汽油和柴油的喷射量是通过控制汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器的喷射脉宽来控制的，通过汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器分别控制两种喷油器的喷射脉宽，从而控制汽油和柴油的喷射量。In this embodiment, gasoline is injected through the intake port, and diesel is injected into the cylinder. The injection quantities of gasoline and diesel are controlled by controlling the injection pulse width of the gasoline injector and diesel injector. The injector controls the injection pulse width of the two injectors respectively, thereby controlling the injection quantity of gasoline and diesel.
本发明的原理是：通过改变预混合汽油燃料（第一燃空当量比）和直喷柴油燃料（第二燃空当量比）的燃空当量比来实现两阶段燃烧，抑制粗暴燃烧。其实施方式主要是通过进气道向双燃料发动机输送空气，并基于空气的质量以及第一燃空当量比获得相应喷射量的汽油，以及基于空气的质量和第二燃空当量比获得相应喷射量的柴油，并通过汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器分别控制两种喷油器的喷射脉宽，从而控制汽油和柴油的喷射量，实现两阶段燃烧，抑制粗暴燃烧。The principle of the present invention is to realize two-stage combustion by changing the fuel-air equivalence ratio of premixed gasoline fuel (first fuel-air equivalence ratio) and direct injection diesel fuel (second fuel-air equivalence ratio), and suppress rough combustion. Its implementation is mainly to deliver air to the dual-fuel engine through the intake port, and obtain the corresponding injection amount of gasoline based on the quality of the air and the first fuel-air equivalence ratio, and obtain the corresponding injection based on the quality of the air and the second fuel-air equivalence ratio The injection pulse width of the two injectors is controlled respectively through the gasoline injector and the diesel injector, so as to control the injection quantity of gasoline and diesel, realize two-stage combustion, and suppress rough combustion.
本实施方式的实现方法是：通过进气道向双燃料发动机输送一定量的空气，在双燃料发动机运行到中高负荷时，基于第一燃空当量比和第二燃空当量比得到相应喷射量的汽油和柴油，并通过汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器分别控制两种喷油器的喷射脉宽，从而控制汽油和柴油的喷射量，改变预混合燃料或者直喷燃料的浓度，从而改变预混合燃料的自燃时刻和燃烧速度，使其放热过程与直喷燃料放热过程发生分离但总的放热率又不至于过缓。形成如图2所示的两个放热速率较快但又不重叠的放热峰。从而有效地降低双燃料燃烧时的压力升高率。在柴油浓度过大时，也会出两个放热峰，但其实质与双燃料的两阶段放热完全不同，因此在本方法中的柴油燃空当量比较低，具体的，所述第一燃空当量比的范围为0.3～0.7，所述第二燃空当量比的范围为0.1～0.3。优选的，所述第一燃空当量比为0.5，所述第二燃空当量比为0.1。本发明通过进气道喷射汽油，缸内喷射柴油，通过汽油喷油器和柴油喷油器，分别控制两种喷油器的喷射脉宽，通过改变预混合汽油燃料和直喷柴油燃料的燃空当量比来实现两阶段燃烧，抑制粗暴燃烧。The implementation method of this embodiment is: deliver a certain amount of air to the dual-fuel engine through the intake port, and obtain the corresponding injection amount based on the first fuel-air equivalence ratio and the second fuel-air equivalence ratio when the dual-fuel engine is running at a medium-to-high load gasoline and diesel, and through the gasoline injector and diesel injector respectively control the injection pulse width of the two injectors, thereby controlling the injection quantity of gasoline and diesel, changing the concentration of pre-mixed fuel or direct injection fuel, thereby changing The self-ignition time and combustion speed of the premixed fuel make the heat release process of the premixed fuel separate from the heat release process of the direct injection fuel, but the total heat release rate is not too slow. Two exothermic peaks with faster exothermic rates but not overlapping are formed as shown in Fig. 2 . Thereby effectively reducing the pressure rise rate during dual-fuel combustion. When the concentration of diesel oil is too high, two exothermic peaks will also appear, but its essence is completely different from the two-stage heat exotherm of dual fuel, so the fuel-air equivalent of diesel in this method is relatively low. Specifically, the first The range of the fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.3-0.7, and the range of the second fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.1-0.3. Preferably, the first fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.5, and the second fuel-air equivalence ratio is 0.1. The invention injects gasoline through the intake port, injects diesel into the cylinder, controls the injection pulse width of the two injectors respectively through the gasoline injector and the diesel injector, and changes the fuel pressure of the pre-mixed gasoline fuel and the direct-injected diesel fuel. The air equivalence ratio is used to realize two-stage combustion and suppress rough combustion.
所述控制主机还用于向汽油进油子系统、柴油进油子系统发送控制指令，以分别控制汽油进油子系统、柴油进油子系统的汽油输出时刻、柴油输出时刻。具体的，所述柴油输出时刻的范围为-20°CA～0°CA ATDC。优选的，所述柴油输出时刻为-5°CA ATDC。The control host is also used to send control instructions to the gasoline inlet subsystem and the diesel fuel inlet subsystem to respectively control the gasoline output time and the diesel oil output time of the gasoline oil inlet subsystem and the diesel oil inlet subsystem. Specifically, the diesel output timing ranges from -20°CA to 0°CA ATDC. Preferably, the diesel output moment is -5°CA ATDC.
在本实施方式中，双燃料发动机参数如表1所示。汽油采用进气道电控喷射方法，喷射量和喷射时刻均可调，喷油压力为0.3MPa。引燃用柴油使用电控高压喷射系统，柴油的喷射压力、喷油量、喷射时刻、喷射次数均可以灵活调节。燃料缸压采集以及放热率分析使用AVLindicom 621型燃烧分析仪，用于检测燃烧粗暴程度，当燃烧粗暴时，推迟柴油输出时刻。常规气态排放物测量使用M260747汽柴两用尾气检测仪以及AVL FTIR多组分分析仪。碳烟排放测量使用FBY-2全自动烟度计。In this embodiment, the parameters of the dual-fuel engine are shown in Table 1. Gasoline adopts the electronically controlled injection method of the intake port, the injection quantity and injection time can be adjusted, and the injection pressure is 0.3MPa. The diesel for ignition uses an electronically controlled high-pressure injection system, and the injection pressure, fuel injection volume, injection time and injection times of diesel can be flexibly adjusted. AVLindicom 621 combustion analyzer is used for fuel cylinder pressure collection and heat release rate analysis to detect the roughness of combustion. When the combustion is rough, the diesel output time will be delayed. Conventional gaseous emissions are measured using the M260747 Exhaust Gas Detector for Gas and Diesel and the AVL FTIR Multi-Component Analyzer. Soot emission measurement uses FBY-2 automatic smoke meter.
表1 发动机参数Table 1 Engine parameters
请参阅图3-5，图5为本实施方式双燃料发动机在燃料缸输入口处的结构图，可以看出，本实施方式使用的进气道喷汽油和缸内直喷柴油的方式，通过这两种方式实现了双燃料发动机两阶段燃烧放热。柴油喷油时刻控制在-5°CA ATDC，柴油共轨压力为80MPa，进气压力为0.1MPa，无EGR。调整两种燃料的浓度，在柴油燃空当量比为0.1，汽油燃空当量比为0.5时实现了两阶段燃烧，放热率如图3所示，两阶段燃烧时发动机的压升率如图4所示，最大压力升高率只有0.6MPa/(°)CA，循环波动为2%。应用AVL439烟度计测量得到的排气烟度为0.015/m，常规气体排放方面NOx比排放为10g/(kW.h)，THC比排放为10g/(kW.h)，CO比排放为10g/(kW.h)。燃烧效率为0.95，指示热效率为0.41。相比单阶段燃烧（压升率1.0MPa/(°)CA，热效率38%），压升率低，热效率高。Please refer to Fig. 3-5, Fig. 5 is the structural diagram of the dual-fuel engine of the present embodiment at the input port of the fuel cylinder. These two methods realize the two-stage combustion heat release of the dual-fuel engine. The diesel fuel injection timing is controlled at -5°CA ATDC, the diesel common rail pressure is 80MPa, the intake pressure is 0.1MPa, and there is no EGR. Adjusting the concentration of the two fuels, two-stage combustion is realized when the fuel-air equivalence ratio of diesel is 0.1 and the fuel-air equivalence ratio of gasoline is 0.5. The heat release rate is shown in Figure 3, and the pressure rise rate of the engine during two-stage combustion is shown in 4, the maximum pressure rise rate is only 0.6MPa/(°)CA, and the cycle fluctuation is 2%. The exhaust smoke measured by the AVL439 smoke meter is 0.015/m, the specific emission of NOx is 10g/(kW.h), the specific emission of THC is 10g/(kW.h), and the specific emission of CO is 10g. /(kW.h). The combustion efficiency is 0.95 and the indicated thermal efficiency is 0.41. Compared with single-stage combustion (pressure rise rate 1.0MPa/(°)CA, thermal efficiency 38%), the pressure rise rate is low and the thermal efficiency is high.
本实施方式通过控制气道喷射的汽油浓度和缸内喷射的柴油机浓度，实现两阶段燃烧放热时，大幅度降低瞬时燃烧放热速率，获得低的缸内压力升高率，从而有效地抑制双燃料发动机中高负荷时的粗暴燃烧，在显著抑制双燃料发动机大负荷工作粗暴的同时，油耗改善。并且，由于没有对发动机结构做任何改动，相比其他方式，能够显著降低发动机的生产成本。In this embodiment, by controlling the concentration of gasoline injected in the port and the concentration of diesel engine injected in the cylinder, when the two-stage combustion heat release is realized, the instantaneous combustion heat release rate is greatly reduced, and a low in-cylinder pressure rise rate is obtained, thereby effectively suppressing the Rough combustion at medium and high loads of the dual-fuel engine significantly suppresses the roughness of the dual-fuel engine at high load, and at the same time improves fuel consumption. Moreover, since no changes are made to the engine structure, compared with other methods, the production cost of the engine can be significantly reduced.
综上所述，可以得出本发明的优势：In summary, the advantages of the present invention can be drawn:
（1）相同负荷下，相对于单阶段放热燃烧，本发明使用的控制方法可以明显降低HCII发动机的压力升高率的峰值，HCII发动机可靠性有了明显提高。NOx排放也有所降低。(1) Under the same load, compared with single-stage exothermic combustion, the control method used in the present invention can significantly reduce the peak pressure rise rate of the HCII engine, and the reliability of the HCII engine has been significantly improved. NOx emissions are also reduced.
（2）热效率高，相比于快速单阶段放热，指示热效率提高了1～3个百分点。(2) High thermal efficiency, compared with rapid single-stage heat release, the indicated thermal efficiency has increased by 1 to 3 percentage points.
（3）由于没有对整个燃烧系统进行结构上的修改，其实现成本较低。(3) Since there is no structural modification to the entire combustion system, its implementation cost is low.
（4）变等容放热为近似等压放热，有利于双燃料发动机的大负荷运行范围拓展。(4) The constant-volume heat release is changed to approximate constant-pressure heat release, which is beneficial to the expansion of the heavy-load operation range of the dual-fuel engine.
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technologies fields, all of which are equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
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