CN103614528A

CN103614528A - Forging method of producing steel balls with phi 150-180mm by adopting round steel with phi 110mm

Info

Publication number: CN103614528A
Application number: CN201310682807.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张瑞华; 廖兆宇; 邓国平
Original assignee: RUI MINING INDUSTRY CO LTD OF PANZHIHUA GANGCHENG GROUP
Current assignee: RUI MINING INDUSTRY CO LTD OF PANZHIHUA GANGCHENG GROUP
Priority date: 2013-12-12
Filing date: 2013-12-12
Publication date: 2014-03-05

Abstract

The invention relates to a forging method of large steel balls. The diameter of the large steel balls is 150-180mm, and the forging method belongs to the deep processing field of steel. The invention discloses a forging method of producing steel balls with phi 150-180mm by adopting round steel with phi 110mm. The method comprises the following steps: A, pretreatment of a raw material: by taking round steel with phi 110*9000mm of GQ3 as the raw material, cutting and smashing the round steel to steel ball materials in proper length to prepare steel balls with phi 150-180mm, and treating corner angles of the steel ball materials; B, heating the steel ball materials: heating for 3-5 minutes at 1050-1100 DEG C, and controlling the discharging temperature of the ball materials at 1050-1100 DEG C; C, forging: forging the steel ball materials to the steel balls with phi 150-180mm, wherein the final forging temperature is greater than or equal to 900 DEG C; D, thermal treatment: carrying out water quenching and oil tempering steps; and E, after tempering, cleaning and drying to obtain the steel balls with phi 150-180mm. According to the method provided by the invention, the round steel with phi 110mm can be forged to the steel balls with phi 150-180mm accord with use of a semi-autogenous ball mill with phi 6000*5000mm. The HRC (Rockwell Hardness) surface hardness, the heart hardness and the impact toughness (Ak) of the obtained steel balls are remarkably improved.

Description

Adopt the forging method of Φ 110mm round-bar pass Φ 150mm-180mm steel ball

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of forging method of large specification steel ball, this large gauge steel spherical diameter is 150mm-180mm, belongs to the deep processing field to steel.

Background technology

Along with the continuous renewal of grinding attachment, many enterprises constantly adopt the Semi-Autogenous ball mill of large specification to substitute traditional ball-grinding machine, and the large Semi-Autogenous ball mill of specification generally uses, are that large specification steel ball (Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm) is produced.

At present, applicant has formed comparatively ripe production Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball technique through exploration and practice on the basis of original production technique and scale, and industrial scale expands to some extent, through continuous effort, had the certain market share of large specification steel ball (Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball).For Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball, according to general forging steel ball production technique, be can not meet < < to forge HRC surface hardness >=56 in (rolling) steel ball YB/T091-2005 > > industry standard, HRC centre hardness >=48, the requirement of impact toughness > 12Ak, therefore must adopt special thermal treatment (water quenching to Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball, oil tempering) explained hereafter, applicant was in 2011, 2012 respectively to Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball, thermal treatment (the water quenching of Φ 220mm steel ball, oil tempering) carried out scientific research, obtained a large amount of processing parameters, and determined that can make a Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball, Φ 220mm steel ball increases substantially HRC surface hardness, centre hardness, the optimal processing parameter of impact toughness (Ak), HRC surface hardness by the hardness (HRC surface hardness 29) of raw material itself be increased to >=56, HRC centre hardness by 21 being increased to >=48, impact toughness is increased to 13Ak by 9Ak, due to hardness, the raising of impact toughness, has reduced the percentage of damage of steel ball, reduce abrasion, improved economic benefit.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of forging method of large specification steel ball, be mainly that employing Φ 110mm round steel is the forging method of raw material production Φ 150mm-180mm steel ball, can improve HRC surface hardness, centre hardness, the impact toughness (Ak) of steel ball.

Concrete steps are as follows:

A, raw materials pretreatment: using Φ 110mm * 9000mm round steel of GQ3 as raw material, cut, pound and break to the steel ball ball material of the appropriate length steel ball with preparation Φ 150mm-180mm, process the corner angle of steel ball ball material;

Further, the corner angle of described processing steel ball ball material refer to burr, corner angle, the oblique fork point of removing on steel ball ball material;

B, heating steel ball ball material: at temperature 1050-1100 ℃, heat 3-5 minute, controlling ball material tapping temperature is 1050-1100 ℃;

C, forging: steel ball ball material is forged into the steel ball of Φ 150mm-180mm, final forging temperature >=900 ℃;

Wherein, adopt air hammer forging: cycle >=25 time/, final forging temperature >=900 ℃;

D, thermal treatment: comprise water quenching, oil tempering step;

Wherein, water quenching refers to that steel ball carries out water quenching: water temperature 45-50 ℃, cool time 2-4 minute; Control the rear ball temperature 750-800 ℃ that quenches;

Oil tempering: the dehydrated oil of take carries out temper as tempering medium: control oil temperature 120-140 ℃, tempering time 2.5-4 hour;

The clean steel ball that is drying to obtain Φ 150mm-180mm after E, tempering.

Wherein, Chemical Composition (massfraction) % of the Φ of GQ3 110mm * 9000mm round steel is: C0.75-0.80%, Si0.40-0.45%, Mn0.90-0.95%, P≤0.022%, S≤0.011%, V0.01%.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 Φ 110mm round-bar pass Φ 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball process flow sheet

Embodiment

1, the selection of raw material and round steel disconnected pound, the processing of corner angle

1.1 to select material be that Φ 110mm * 9000mm round steel of GQ3 is as the raw material of producing 150mm-180mm steel ball.

1.1.1 the chemical property of Φ 110mm * 9000mm round steel, in Table 1.

Table 1 chemical composition

1.1.2 the physical properties of Φ 110mm * 9000mm round steel, in Table 2.

Table 2 physical index

1.1.2 diameter 110mm, the length 9000mm of round steel meet 150mm-180mm steel ball materials.

2, the temperature of steel ball ball material heating is controlled

2.1 Φ 110mm * 190mm ball material heating and temperature control, in Table 3

Table 3 temperature control parameter

Ball gauge lattice (mm)	Heat-up time (minute)	Temperature (℃)
			Φ110×190	3-5	1050-1100

2.2 temperature monitoring method

With SMART infrared thermometer, detect the ball material of coming out of the stove, regulating power lifting button when ball material is too high or too low for temperature, makes Φ 110mm * 190mm ball material tapping temperature all the time within the scope of 1050 ℃-1100 ℃.

3, forging

Steel ball ball material is forged into after Φ 150mm-180mm steel ball, controls final forging temperature >=900 ℃.

4, steel ball hot is processed (water quenching, oil tempering) method

4.1 steel ball water quenchings, control parameter in Table 4

Table 4 processing parameter

Steel ball specification (mm)	Ball temperature (℃)	Water temperature (℃)	Cool time (minute)
				Φ150	750-800	45-50	2-4

4.2 steel ball oil temperings, control parameter, in Table 5

Table 5 processing parameter

Steel ball specification (mm)	Oil temperature (℃)	The oil tempering time (hour)
			Φ150	120-140	2.5-4

5, through its HRC surface hardness of the Φ of Overheating Treatment forging 150mm-Φ 180mm steel ball, centre hardness, impact toughness (Ak), increase substantially, reach the requirement that < < forges HRC surface hardness >=56, HRC centre hardness >=48, impact toughness > 12Ak in (rolling) steel ball YB/T091-2005 > > industry standard, met the service requirements of the Semi-Autogenous ball mill of Φ 6000mm * 5000mm.Steel ball performance perameter prepared by employing preceding method is in Table 6

Table 6 synopsis

Embodiment 1

A, Φ 110mm * 9000mm round steel of take are raw material, cut, pound the length of breaking to suitable, then its burr that cuts, polishes, corner angle, tiltedly fork is divided.

B, heating: at temperature 1050-1100 ℃, heat 3-5 minute, controlling ball material tapping temperature is 1050-1100 ℃;

C, forging: obtain the steel ball of target size, and control final forging temperature >=900 ℃;

D, thermal treatment: first carry out water quenching, then carry out oil tempering.

Wherein:

Water quenching: water temperature 45-50 ℃, cool time 2-4 minute; Control the rear ball temperature 750-800 ℃ that quenches;

Oil tempering: the dehydrated oil of take carries out temper as tempering medium, controls oil temperature 120-140 ℃, tempering time 2.5-4 hour.

Gained steel ball adopts the following method of inspection and the inspection of tools:

1) ingredient inspection: the < < quality product certificate > > that Flos Bombacis Malabarici Gang Fan company limited provides of take is foundation, confirm its chemical composition, with clamp and ruler, detect roundness deviation and the sinuousness of Φ 110mm * 9000mm round steel, with HR-150A Rockwell hardometer, detect surface hardness, with DK7725C wire cutting machine, take out after the heart, detect centre hardness.

2) process inspection: detect the length of Φ 110mm * 190mm ball material, oblique degree of pitching with clamp and ruler, the ball material of coming out of the stove with the detection of SMART infrared thermometer and the temperature of forging balling-up, with water temperature gauge, detect quenching water temperature, the temperature display watch detected temperatures in humidostat.

3) the finished product check: the diameter deviation and the circularity that detect steel ball with clamp and ruler, with HR-150A Rockwell hardometer, detect the surface hardness of steel ball, with DK7725C wire cutting machine, take out after the heart, detect the centre hardness of steel ball, the impact toughness of fall sphere test machine testing steel ball.

Technical economical analysis

1, Φ 150mm steel ball unit cost, in Table 7

Table 7 unit cost table (unit: unit)

2, within 2012, sell 6500 tons of Φ 150mm steel balls, sales price: 4718.00 yuan (not containing tax)

3, sales revenue: 6500 tons * 4718.00 yuan=3066.7 ten thousand yuan

4, economic benefit: (4718.00 yuan-4395.10 yuan) * 6500 tons=209.885 ten thousand yuan

5, within 2013, estimate to sell 7000 tons of Φ 150mm steel balls

Adopt forging method of the present invention to be applicable to the steel ball product of large specification: as Φ 140mm, Φ 150mm, Φ 160mm, Φ 170mm, Φ 180mm, Φ 220mm.The HRC surface hardness of gained steel ball, centre hardness, impact toughness (Ak) are significantly increased.

Claims

1. the forging method that adopts Φ 110mm round-bar pass Φ 150mm-180mm steel ball, is characterized in that: step is as follows:

D, thermal treatment: comprise water quenching, oil tempering step;

2. the forging method of employing Φ 110mm round-bar pass Φ 150mm-180mm steel ball according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the corner angle of described processing steel ball ball material refer to burr, corner angle, the oblique fork point of removing on steel ball ball material.

3. the forging method of employing Φ 110mm round-bar pass Φ 150mm-180mm steel ball according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step C forging, adopts air hammer forging: cycle >=25 time/, final forging temperature >=900 ℃.

4. according to the forging method of the employing Φ 110mm round-bar pass Φ 150mm-180mm steel ball described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that: the Chemical Composition of Φ 110mm * 9000mm round steel of described GQ3 is counted by massfraction: C0.75%-0.80%, Si0.40%-0.45%, Mn0.90%-0.95%, P≤0.022%, S≤0.011%, V0.01%.