CN103611497A - Method for preparing biological carbon with high nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption properties - Google Patents
Method for preparing biological carbon with high nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption properties Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing biological carbon with high nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption properties. According to the method, forestry and agricultural residues are taken as raw materials to prepare the biological carbon with the high nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption property by carrying out high-temperature oxygen-deficient themolysis by utilizing the catalytic performance of light rare earth elements. The sources of the utilized raw materials are wide, the cost of a rare earth catalyst is low, and the prepared biological carbon is high in nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption speed and large in nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption capacity; the largest adsorbing capacities of NO3<->, NH4<+> and PO4<3-> can respectively reach 38.44mg/g, 15.58mg/g and 19.74mg/g. The method is simple in process operation, low in investment requirement and cost and high in product recovery rate and application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture and forestry organic waste material recycling and environmental pollution improvement field, in particular a kind of method of preparing high nitrogen, phosphorus absorption property charcoal.
Background technology
The agricultural abandoned biomass generations such as the residual branch of the annual agricultural crop straw of China and forestry sawdust are over 8.72 hundred million tons, so huge resource, adopts conventional disposal and utilizes mode, as: burning, compost etc., not only resource utilization level is low, also has potential environmental risk simultaneously.Therefore, how to dispose scientifically and rationally agriculture and forestry organic waste material, make it can be reduced potential environmental risk again by efficient recycling, become the focus of concern.It is current comparatively emerging a kind of abandoned biomass recycling mode that agricultural abandoned biomass is prepared to charcoal through pyrolytic process.Charcoal is loose porous, environmental properties is stable, and main function and application field concentrates on the following aspects: (1) is the solid carbon in field also, the CO in atmosphere
2with photosynthesis of plant, form carbon group compound, then turn to charcoal through oxygen deprivation RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON, after being manured into soil, realize CO
2form with carbon simple substance is stored in soil admittedly, reduces to a certain extent the CO in atmosphere
2, alleviate Global Greenhouse Effect.(2) soil improvement, charcoal generally has pH meta-alkali, unit weight is light, porosity is large, moisture holding capacity is strong, cation exchange capacity (CEC) is large, high adsorption capacity, containing enriching the features such as mineral matter, after being manured into soil, can increase soil fertility, improve soil physico-chemical property, realize crops and increase matter volume increase.(3) function adsorbent, because charcoal has abundant, the electronegative and charge density high of specific area great, functional group, makes it can be used as water-soluble enzymatic hydrolysis system adsorbent for removing various inorganic ions or the organic matters with contaminative.
Nitrogen, phosphorus are the main matter factors that causes body eutrophication, are also the essential nutrient elements that crop obtains from soil simultaneously.In long-term traditional agriculture is produced, due to the degeneration of soil physico-chemical property, its nitrogen, phosphorus fixation ability, cause the loss of a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, is surface water body nitrogen, phosphorus enrichment, produces the one of the main reasons of body eutrophication.In view of charcoal, there is the abilities such as solid carbon, soil improvement and absorption, take agricultural abandoned biomass as raw material, develop a kind of charcoal sill with good fixing or adsorption of nitrogen, phosphorus function, for the new mode of recycling of exploitation agriculture and forestry organic waste material, reduce greenhouse gas emission, improve soil physical chemistry performance and administer body eutrophication and have great importance and act on.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the problem existing at aspects such as agriculture and forestry organic waste material utilization, reduction of greenhouse gas discharge, soil quality improvement and body eutrophication improvement for prior art, and a kind of method of preparing high nitrogen, phosphorus absorption property charcoal is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A method of preparing high nitrogen, phosphorus absorption property charcoal, comprises the following steps:
(1) by the agricultural abandoned biomass raw material of collecting after natural air drying, cleaning silt, the abiotic matter impurity of plastics, pulverized 40 mesh sieves;
(2) take Rare Earths salt, be dissolved in distilled water, preparation rare-earth chlorination salting liquid;
(3) biomass material after (1) described processing and (2) described rare-earth chlorination salting liquid are mixed, stir, make the complete submergence of biomass material, sealing dipping 12h; Then vacuum filtration, is placed at 105 ℃ and dries, and is placed in dry environment preservation;
(4) get raw material in (3) and be placed in tube furnace and using nitrogen as protection gas, carry out oxygen deprivation pyrolysis; After pyrolysis completes, until pyrolysis system, be cooled to after room temperature, obtain high nitrogen, phosphorus absorption property charcoal.
Described agricultural abandoned biomass raw material is agricultural crop straw and forest tree castoff.
Described Rare Earths salt is lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, praseodymium chloride or neodymium chloride; The rare-earth chlorination concentration of salt solution of its preparation is 0.05-0.15mol/L.
Described method, in step (3), the mass ratio of biomass material and rare-earth chlorination salting liquid is 1:10～1:30.
Described method, in step (4), oxygen deprivation pyrolysis temperature is 400-600 ℃, and pyrolysis time is 30-120min, and heating rate is 5-20 ℃/min; Nitrogen flow rate is 0.1m
3/ h.
The present invention be take agriculture and forestry organic waste material as raw material, utilizes the catalytic performance of LREE, by high temperature oxygen deprivation pyrolysis, prepares high nitrogen, phosphorus absorption property charcoal.Raw material sources used herein are extensive, the rare earth catalyst cost that adopts lower, obtained charcoal is fast to nitrogen, the phosphorus rate of adsorption, adsorption capacity is large.NO
3 -, NH
4 +, PO
4 3-three's maximal absorptive capacity can reach 38.44mg/g, 15.58mg/g, 19.74mg/g respectively.Operational process of craft of the present invention is simple, equipment requirement is low, with low cost, product recovery rate is high, and using value is high.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The different biomass materials of embodiment 1 Rare Earths salt catalyse pyrolysis, prepare the absorption of charcoal to nitrogen, phosphorus
(1) material
1, living beings raw material: maize straw, jerusalem artichoke stalk, oak sawdust, pine sawdust
2, rare-earth chlorination salt catalyst: LaCl
37H
2o
(2) method
1, by the maize straw of collecting, jerusalem artichoke stalk, oak sawdust, pine sawdust sorting impurity and air-dry after, pulverized 40 mesh sieves.
2, take 37.15g LaCl
37H
2o dissolves and is settled in 1000ml distilled water, joins to obtain the lanthanum chloride solution of 0.1mol/L.
3, the maize straw after taking 30g and pulverizing, jerusalem artichoke stalk, oak sawdust, pine sawdust, as raw material, add respectively 300mL, in the lanthanum chloride solution that concentration is 0.1mol/L, and after stirring, dipping 12h.After vacuum filtration, be placed in baking oven, dry at 105 ℃.
4, take 25g oven dry gained sample and be placed in tube furnace, with 0.1m
3the N of/h
2gas is as protection gas, and under the condition with 10 ℃/min of heating rate, makes after pyrolysis temperature to 400 ℃ pyrolytic reaction 60min.
5, question response is complete, naturally cools to room temperature, obtains charcoal.
6, the NO that is 20ppm to 50ml concentration respectively
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3-in-P solution, add the charcoal 0.1g making described in 5.On 25 ℃ of constant-temperature tables, after 100 turn/min vibration 2h, sampling is by after the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, for measuring their concentration, wherein NO
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3--P adopts respectively ion chromatograph method, nessler reagent AAS and molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method to measure.
7,, according to institute's measurement result, before and after contrast absorption, solution concentration changes, and obtains clearance and adsorbance.
(3) experimental result
The charcoal that maize straw, jerusalem artichoke stalk, oak sawdust, four kinds of raw materials of pine sawdust are prepared through lanthanum chloride catalyse pyrolysis after measured, to NO
3 -8.68,8.42,9.51,9.47mg/g the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 86.8%, 84.2%, 95.1%, 94.7%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively:; To NH
4 +the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 62.9%, 60.7%, 53.2%, 48.7%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 6.29,6.07,5.32,4.87mg/g; To PO
4 3--P eliminating rate of absorption is respectively 75.3%, 79.5%, 85.1%, 84.8%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 7.53,7.95,8.51,8.48mg/g.
Charcoal prepared by the different light rare earth chlorate of the embodiment 2 catalyse pyrolysis absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus
(1) material
1, living beings raw material: oak sawdust
2, rare-earth salts catalyst: LaCl
37H
2o, CeCl
37H
2o, PrCl
37H
2o, NdCl
36H
2o
(2) method
1, the oak sawdust of collection is sorted after the impurity of abiotic matter, air-dry, pulverized 40 mesh sieves.
2, take respectively 37.15g:LaCl
37H
2o, 37.26g CeCl
37H
2o, 37.34g PrCl
37H
2o, 35.87g NdCl
36H
2o, dissolves and is settled in 1000ml distilled water, the corresponding various rare-earth chlorination salting liquids of 0.1mol/L of joining to obtain.
3, take 30g raw material, add respectively 300mL, in the lanthanum chloride that concentration is 0.1mol/L, cerium chloride, praseodymium chloride and neodymium chloride solution, stir, and flood 12h.Material, after vacuum filtration, is put in baking oven, dries at 105 ℃.
4, the impregnated sample taking after 25g is dried is placed in tube furnace, with 0.1m
3the N of/h
2as protection gas, and under the condition with 10 ℃/min of heating rate, make after pyrolysis temperature to 400 ℃ pyrolytic reaction 60min.
5, question response is finished, and naturally cools to room temperature, obtains charcoal.
6, the NO that is 20ppm to 50ml concentration respectively
3--N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3-in-P solution, add charcoal 0.1g.On 25 ℃ of constant-temperature tables, after 100 turn/min vibration 2h, sampling is by after the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, for measuring their concentration, wherein NO
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3--P adopts respectively ion chromatograph method, nessler reagent AAS and molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method to measure.
(3) experimental result
After measured through LaCl
3, CeCl
3, PrCl
3, NdCl
3charcoal prepared by four kinds of catalyst pyrolysis oaks is to NO
3 -the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 94.8%, 96.3%, 91.2%, 93.5%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 9.48,9.63,9.12,9.35mg/g; To NH
4 +the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is 50.6%, 48.9%, 51.1%, 56.5%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 5.06,4.89,5.11,5.65mg/g; To PO
4 3--P eliminating rate of absorption is 83.5%, 85.4%, 79.3%, 82.8%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 8.35,8.54,7.93,8.28mg/g.
Charcoal prepared by the embodiment 3 variable concentrations Rare Earths salt dosage catalyse pyrolysis absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus
(1) material
1, living beings raw material: oak sawdust;
2, rare-earth salts catalyst: LaCl
37H
2o;
(2) method
1, the oak sawdust of collection is sorted out after the impurity of abiotic matter, through air-dry, pulverized 40 mesh sieves.
2, take respectively 18.58g, 37.15g and 55.73g LaCl
37H
2o, dissolves respectively and is settled in 1000ml distilled water, corresponding 0.05mol/L, 0.1mol/L and tri-kinds of high, medium and low concentration lanthanum chloride solutions of 0.15mol/L of joining to obtain.
3, take 30g raw material, join respectively 300mL, concentration is in 0.05mol/L, 0.1mol/L and 0.15mol/L lanthanum chloride solution, stirs, and floods 12h.Material, after vacuum filtration, is put in baking oven, dries at 105 ℃.
4, the impregnated sample taking after 25g is dried is placed in tube furnace, with 0.1m
3the N of/h
2as protection gas, and under the condition with 10 ℃/min of heating rate, make after pyrolysis temperature to 400 ℃ pyrolytic reaction 60min.
5, question response is finished, and naturally cools to room temperature, obtains charcoal.
6, the NO that is 20ppm to 50ml concentration respectively
3 --N, NH
4+-N, PO
4 3-in-P solution, add charcoal 0.1g.On 25 ℃ of constant-temperature tables, after 100 turn/min vibration 2h, sampling is by after the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, for measuring their concentration, wherein NO
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3--P adopts respectively ion chromatograph method, nessler reagent AAS and molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method to measure.
(3) experimental result
After measured, adopting dipping concentration is 0.05mol/L, 0.1mol/L and 0.15mol/L lanthanum chloride solution, carries out charcoal prepared by catalysis oak sawdust to NO
3 -the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 66.5%, 94.6%, 98.2%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 6.65,9.46,9.82mg/g; To NH
4 +the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is 56.4%, 52.1%, 24.6%, corresponding adsorbance difference 5.64,5.21,2.46mg/g; To PO
4 3--P eliminating rate of absorption is 63.5%, 86.9%, 87.3%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 6.35,8.69,8.73mg/g.
Example 4 living beings under different dipping solid-to-liquid ratio conditions, are prepared the absorption of charcoal to nitrogen, phosphorus from rare-earth chlorination salting liquid
(1) material
1, living beings raw material: jerusalem artichoke stalk
2, rare-earth salts catalyst: NdCl
36H
2o
(2) method
1, by the jerusalem artichoke stalk of collecting, sort out after the impurity of abiotic matter, air-dry, pulverized 40 mesh sieves.
2, take 71.74g NdCl
36H
2o, in dissolving constant volume 2000ml distilled water, obtains the neodymium chloride solution of 0.1mol/L.
3, the jerusalem artichoke stalk after taking 30g and pulverizing is 3 parts, and adding respectively 300ml, 600ml and 900ml concentration is in 0.1mol/L neodymium chloride solution, makes the dipping solid-to-liquid ratio of living beings and rare earths salt be respectively 1:10,1:20 and 1:30.After this stir, and flood 12h.Material, after vacuum filtration, is put in baking oven, dries at 105 ℃.
4, the impregnated sample after taking 25g and drying, by batch being placed in tube furnace, with 0.1m
3the N of/h
2as protection gas, and under the condition with 10 ℃/min of heating rate, make after pyrolysis temperature to 400 ℃ pyrolytic reaction 60min.
5, question response is finished, and naturally cools to room temperature, obtains charcoal.
6, the NO that is 20ppm to 50ml concentration respectively
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3-in-P solution, add charcoal 0.1g.On 25 ℃ of constant-temperature tables, after 100 turn/min vibration 2h, sampling is by after the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, for measuring their concentration, wherein NO
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3--P adopts respectively ion chromatograph method, nessler reagent AAS and molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method to measure.
(3) experimental result
After measured, the neodymium chloride solution solid-to-liquid ratio that adopts raw material and 0.1mol/L is that the jerusalem artichoke stalk after 1:10,1:20 and 1:30 impregnation process carries out pyrolysis, and the charcoal of acquisition is to NO
3 -the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 81.7%, 84.9%, 75.8%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 8.17,8.49,7.58mg/g; To NH
4 +the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is 78.4%, 70.1%, 68.5%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 7.84,7.01,6.85mg/g; To PO
4 3--P eliminating rate of absorption is 83.5%, 79.8%, 80.4%, and corresponding adsorbance is 8.35,7.98,8.04mg/g.
Under the different pyrolysis temperatures of example 5, charcoal prepared by the Rare Earths salt catalyse pyrolysis absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus
(1) material
1, living beings raw material: maize straw
2, rare-earth salts catalyst: CeCl
37H
2o
(2) method
1, by the maize straw of collecting, sort out after abiotic matter impurity, air-dry, pulverized 40 mesh sieves.
2, take 37.26g CeCl
37H
2o dissolves and is settled in 1000ml distilled water, joins to obtain the solution of cerium chloride by oxidation of 0.1mol/L.
3, the maize straw after taking 30g and pulverizing, as raw material, adds 300mL, in the solution of cerium chloride by oxidation that concentration is 0.1mol/L, and after stirring, dipping 12h.After vacuum filtration, be placed in baking oven, dry at 105 ℃.
4, the sample taking after 25g is dried is placed in tube furnace, with 0.1m
3the N of/h
2gas is as protection gas, and under the condition with 10 ℃/min of heating rate, makes after pyrolysis temperature respectively to 400 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃ pyrolytic reaction 60min.
5, question response is finished, and naturally cools to room temperature, obtains charcoal.
6, the NO that is 20ppm to 50ml concentration respectively
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3-in-P solution, add charcoal 0.1g.On 25 ℃ of constant-temperature tables, after 100 turn/min vibration 2h, sampling is by after the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, for measuring their concentration, wherein NO
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3--P adopts respectively ion chromatograph method, nessler reagent AAS and molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method to measure.
(3) experimental result
After measured, adopting pyrolysis temperature is 400 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃, take cerium chloride as catalyst, and maize straw is carried out after catalyse pyrolysis, and the charcoal of acquisition is to NO
3 -the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 80.2%, 80.7%, 87.5%, 96.3%, 99.4%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 8.02,8.07,8.75,9.63,9.94mg/g; To NH
4 +the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is 66.4%, 60.8%, 48.2%, 46.6%, 45.3%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 6.64,6.08,4.82,4.66,4.53mg/g; To PO
4 3--P eliminating rate of absorption is 73.5%, 75.7%, 86.3%, 80.8%, 81.2%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 7.35,7.57,8.63,8.08,8.12mg/g.
Under the different heating rates of example 6, charcoal prepared by the Rare Earths salt catalyse pyrolysis absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus
(1) material
1, living beings raw material: pine sawdust
2, rare-earth salts catalyst: PrCl
37H
2o
(2) method
1, by the pine sawdust of collecting, sort out after the impurity of abiotic matter, air-dry, pulverized 40 mesh sieves.
2, take 37.34g PrCl
37H
2o dissolves and is settled in 1000ml distilled water, joins to obtain the praseodymium chloride solution of 0.1mol/L.
3, the pine sawdust after taking 30g and pulverizing, as raw material, adds 300mL, in the praseodymium chloride solution that concentration is 0.1mol/L, and after stirring, dipping 12h.In vacuum filtration is placed on baking oven, dry at 105 ℃.
4, the sample taking after 25g is dried is placed in tube furnace, with 0.1m
3the N of/h
2as protection gas, and respectively with under 5 ℃/min of heating rate, 10 ℃/min, 15 ℃/min, the condition of 20 ℃/min, make after pyrolysis temperature to 400 ℃ pyrolytic reaction 60min.
5, question response is finished, and naturally cools to room temperature, obtains charcoal.
6, the NO that is 20ppm to 50ml concentration respectively
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3-in-P solution, add charcoal 0.1g.On 25 ℃ of constant-temperature tables, after 100 turn/min vibration 2h, sampling is by after the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, for measuring their concentration, wherein NO
3 --N, NH4
+-N, PO
4 3--P adopts respectively ion chromatograph method, nessler reagent AAS and molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method to measure.
(3) experimental result
After measured, adopt 5 ℃/min of heating rate, 10 ℃/min, 15 ℃/min, 20 ℃/min, the praseodymium chloride of take carries out after catalyse pyrolysis pine sawdust as catalyst, and the charcoal of acquisition is to NO
3 -the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 93.2%, 93.7%, 87.6%, 84.9%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 9.32,9.37,8.76,8.49mg/g; To NH
4 +the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is 63.4%, 65.8%, 66.3%, 73.7%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 6.34,6.58,6.63,7.37mg/g; To PO
4 3--P eliminating rate of absorption is 84.5%, 83.8%, 84.2%, 80.1%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 8.45,8.38,8.42,8.01mg/g.
Under the different pyrolysis times of example 7, charcoal prepared by the Rare Earths salt catalyse pyrolysis absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus
(1) material
1, living beings raw material: pine sawdust
2, rare-earth salts catalyst: NdCl
36H
2o
(2) method
1, by the pine sawdust of collecting, sort out after the impurity of abiotic matter, air-dry, pulverized 40 mesh sieves
2, take 35.87g NdCl
36H
2o dissolves and is settled in 1000ml distilled water, joins to obtain the neodymium chloride solution of 0.1mol/L
3, the pine sawdust after taking 30g and pulverizing, as raw material, adds 300mL, in the neodymium chloride solution that concentration is 0.1mol/L, and after stirring, dipping 12h.In vacuum filtration is placed on baking oven, dry at 105 ℃.
4, the sample taking after 25g is dried is placed in tube furnace, with 0.1m
3the N of/h
2as protection gas, and take heating rate under the condition of 10 ℃/min, make after pyrolysis temperature to 400 ℃, respectively pyrolytic reaction 30min, 60min, 90min, 120min.
5, question response is finished, and naturally cools to room temperature, and obtaining remaining solid is charcoal.
6, the NO that is 20ppm to 50ml concentration respectively
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
43
-in-P solution, add charcoal 0.1g.On 25 ℃ of constant-temperature tables, after 100 turn/min vibration 2h, sampling is by after the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, for measuring their concentration, wherein NO
3 --N, NH
4 +-N, PO
4 3--P adopts respectively ion chromatograph method, nessler reagent AAS and molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method to measure.
(3) experimental result
After measured, adopt pyrolytic reaction 30min, 60min, 90min, 120min, the neodymium chloride of take carries out after catalyse pyrolysis pine sawdust as catalyst, and the charcoal of acquisition is to NO
3 -the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is respectively 93.5%, 95.2%, 95.7%, 98.2%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 9.35,9.52,9.57,9.82mg/g; To NH
4 +the eliminating rate of absorption of-N is 65.9%, 64.8%, 62.1%, 58.9%, and corresponding adsorbance is 6.59,6.48,6.21,5.89mg/g; To PO
4 3--P eliminating rate of absorption is 85.3%, 87.3%, 90.8%, 86.2%, and corresponding adsorbance is respectively 8.53,8.73,9.08,8.62mg/g.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a method of preparing high nitrogen, phosphorus absorption property charcoal, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) by the agricultural abandoned biomass raw material of collecting after natural air drying, cleaning silt, the abiotic matter impurity of plastics, pulverized 40 mesh sieves;
(2) take Rare Earths salt, be dissolved in distilled water, preparation rare-earth chlorination salting liquid;
(3) biomass material after (1) described processing and (2) described rare-earth chlorination salting liquid are mixed, stir, make the complete submergence of biomass material, sealing dipping 12h; Then vacuum filtration, is placed at 105 ℃ and dries, and is placed in dry environment preservation;
(4) get raw material in (3) and be placed in tube furnace and using nitrogen as protection gas, carry out oxygen deprivation pyrolysis; After pyrolysis completes, until pyrolysis system, be cooled to after room temperature, obtain high nitrogen, phosphorus absorption property charcoal.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described agricultural abandoned biomass raw material is agricultural crop straw and forest tree castoff.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, Rare Earths salt is lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, praseodymium chloride or neodymium chloride; The rare-earth chlorination concentration of salt solution of its preparation is 0.05-0.15mol/L.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), the solid-to-liquid ratio of biomass material and rare-earth chlorination salting liquid is 1:10～1:30g/mL.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), oxygen deprivation pyrolysis temperature is 400-600 ℃, and pyrolysis time is 30-120min, and heating rate is 5-20 ℃/min; Nitrogen flow rate is 0.1m
3/ h.
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