A kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base
Technical field
The present invention relates to bone surgery technical field of medical instruments, especially relate to a kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base.
Background technology
Interlocking intramedullary nail is mainly walked crosswise to punch and insert horizontal screw and fracture near-end or far-end and intramedullary pin is locked together in bone marrow, for controlling displacement such as fracture cripetura and rotation etc.Adopt Interlocking intramedullary fixation treatment comparatively general for tubular bone fracture both at home and abroad, it has fixation, avoids the generation of axis and the rotation deformity of fracturing.Technology more common is at present intramedullary pin point technique, but is subject to affecting its insertion end and deforming of key physiologic radian when implanting skeleton pulp cavity due to interlocking intramedullary nail, so just produces the problem that self-locking nail aims at difficulty.
Along with the development of technology, the technology of carrying out from inside to outside holing in interlocking intramedullary nail pinning nail to skeleton progressively grows up.This technology has broken the existing traditional mode positioning interlocking intramedullary nail lockhole at the outer ecto-entad of skeleton, a kind of method of carrying out boring location in interlocking intramedullary nail pinning nail to skeleton from inside to outside is completely newly provided, first in intramedullary pin, guide pipe is penetrated, guide pipe passes from interior nail locking nail, and then the flexible axle being used for holing in center imports in guide pipe and holes, realize " beat and where which refers to ", polarizing slot is little, without the need to too peeling off the outer soft tissue such as muscle, fascia of periosteum, wound is less, registration, fast, simple to operate.But in the process of boring, the position due to guide pipe is axial location, makes in boring procedure, and the deflection of circumference can occur guide pipe, can not lock nail and be consistent, make far-end accurately lock with intramedullary pin.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: locate inaccurate problem to overcome guide pipe in prior art, provides a kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base, comprise: guide pipe positioning pipe, guide pipe block set and guide pipe inner seat, described guide pipe inner seat slip cap is located in guide pipe block set, described guide pipe block set slip cap is located in guide pipe positioning pipe, also comprises: one makes guide pipe inner seat relative to the driving mechanism of guide pipe block set axially-movable; One position-limit mechanism one preventing guide pipe inner seat from rotating relative to guide pipe block set; One prevents guide pipe block set from rotating and the position-limit mechanism two of axially-movable relative to guide pipe positioning pipe.
Described driving mechanism comprises shifting fork disc and knob;
Described position-limit mechanism one comprises locating pin;
Described position-limit mechanism two comprises and is opened in F shape groove on guide pipe positioning pipe and L shape groove;
Described guide pipe positioning pipe is hollow cylindrical, described " F " shape groove comprises F long portion, the short portion of F one and the short portion two of F, described F is short, and portion one is communicated with one end of F long portion, described F is short, and portion two is communicated with the middle part of F long portion, the F long portion other end is positioned at guide pipe positioning pipe end, described F long portion and axis being parallel, the short portion of described F one and the short portion two of F and axes normal, described " L " shape groove comprises L long portion and the short portion of L, the short portion of described L and the short portion of F one and the short portion two of F are positioned at the same side of F long portion, the one end in the short portion of described L is communicated with one end of L long portion, the other end in the short portion of described L is communicated with F long portion, the described L long portion other end is positioned at away from guide pipe positioning pipe end, and be not communicated with the short portion two of F, described guide pipe positioning pipe end has the notch identical with L long portion shape, and be positioned on the same straight line that is not connected with L long portion,
Described guide pipe block set is cylindrical guide pipe block set, described guide pipe block set has cavity, described guide pipe block set front end is enclosed construction, described enclosed construction axle center has for the hole through guide pipe, described guide pipe block set outer wall front end place offers knob locating hole, described guide pipe block set outer wall proximal end place has resigning hole, and the line of centres of described knob locating hole and resigning hole is parallel to guide pipe block set axis
Described guide pipe inner seat shape and guide pipe block set cavity shape adapt, described guide pipe inner seat front end outer wall offers horizontal groove, the bottom surface of described horizontal groove has the square groove with guide pipe inner seat axes normal, described guide pipe inner seat end sidewall has locating notch, described locating notch direction is identical with guide pipe inner seat axis direction, described locating notch and horizontal groove are positioned at the same side of guide pipe inner seat, have spring groove between described locating notch and horizontal groove
Also comprise: positioning sliding block and locating shaft, shape and the locating notch of described positioning sliding block adapt,
Described guide pipe inner seat is sheathed in guide pipe block set cavity, be slidably connected with guide pipe block set, described guide pipe inner seat is positioned at guide pipe block set axis direction and offers guide through hole, the diameter of described guide through hole is more than or equal to guide pipe external diameter, described guide pipe inner seat horizontal groove is rotatably connected to shifting fork disc, described shifting fork disc column-shaped projection embeds in the square groove of guide pipe inner seat, described knob is fixedly connected with shifting fork disc connection bump through knob locating hole, locating shaft is provided with in spring groove, described positioning sliding block and locating notch are slidably connected, one end of described positioning sliding block guide pipe inner seat far away end is connected with locating shaft by spring, one end of described positioning sliding block nearly guide pipe inner seat end is provided with locating pin, described locating pin is fixedly connected with positioning sliding block through guide pipe block set resigning hole, described guide pipe inner seat is slidably connected in guide pipe block set cavity, described guide pipe block set is sheathed in guide pipe positioning pipe.
The design of F shape groove and L shape groove can make guide pipe positioning pipe carry out the restriction of accurate axial and circumferential to guide pipe, when knob is positioned at the short portion of F one spacing, the axial location of position-limiting tube is limited, now locating pin is positioned at L long portion and L short portion intersection, upon rotation of the knob, knob drives guide pipe inner seat toward front slide, simultaneously by pulling spring structure to drive locating pin to move forward, locating pin is made to move to L long portion extreme position, guide pipe can not be selected in circumference, thus reach the position of accurate restricted guidance pipe.When locating pin moves to L long portion extreme position, in guide pipe, pipe continues to move forward, and spring is tightened up, and after boring completes, when exiting guide pipe, guide pipe, under the effect of the retraction force of spring and the revolving force of knob, is more prone to exit from intramedullary pin.
In order to be conducive to wearing of flexible axle, described guide pipe inner seat end offers taper targeting port, when flexible axle is penetrated in guide pipe, do not need by flexible axle axle head deliberately remove alignment guide pipe, as long as flexible axle to be filled in taper targeting port, both smoothly flexible axle can be penetrated guide pipe.
Closer, described guide pipe block set end outer wall is provided with annular spacing preiection, described spacing preiection outer wall is provided with anti-skidding projection, annular spacing preiection on the one hand can enter length in guide pipe positioning pipe by restricted guidance trunnion carrier, when guide pipe block set enters guide pipe positioning pipe, knob and locating pin, through F long portion, can make the position that the position of knob is positioned at the short portion of F one just, locating pin is positioned at the short portion of L.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base of the present invention, can limit the axial and circumferential of guide pipe, make the motion track of guide pipe more accurate, far-end also can accurately be locked, the application of the spring structure in the present invention, can make guide pipe exit intramedullary pin more easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the rear extreme position figure of a kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front extreme position figure of a kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is guide pipe positioning pipe schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is guide pipe block set schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that the A-A of Fig. 4 is to sectional view;
Fig. 6 is the right view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is guide pipe inner seat schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is that the B-B of Fig. 7 is to sectional view;
Fig. 9 is the right view of Fig. 7;
Figure 10 is knob schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is shifting fork disc schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is the right view of Figure 11;
Figure 13 is the rearview of Figure 11.
In figure: 1. guide pipe positioning pipe, 2. guide pipe block set, 3. guide pipe inner seat, 4. shifting fork disc, 5. positioning sliding block, 6. locating shaft, 7. knob, 8. locating pin, 11.F shape groove, 12.L shape groove, 13. notches, 21. cavitys, 22. enclosed constructions, 23. holes, 24. knob locating holes, 25. resigning holes, 26. spacing preiections, 27. anti-skidding projections, 31. horizontal grooves, 32. square grooves, 33. locating notches, 34. guide through hole, 35. taper targeting ports, 36. spring grooves, 41. connection bumps, 42. column-shaped projections, 111.F long portion, the short portion one of 112.F, the short portion two of 113.F, 121.L long portion, the short portion of 122.L.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further the present invention is set forth, should be understood that and quote embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base, comprising:
As shown in Figure 3, guide pipe positioning pipe 1, position-limit mechanism two comprises and is opened in " F " shape groove on guide pipe positioning pipe 1 11 and " L " shape groove 12, guide pipe positioning pipe 1 is hollow cylindrical, " F " shape groove 11 comprises F long portion 111, the short portion of F 1 and the short portion 2 113 of F, F is short, and portion 1 is communicated with one end of F long portion 111, F is short, and portion 2 113 is communicated with the middle part of F long portion 111, F long portion 111 other end is positioned at guide pipe positioning pipe 1 end, F long portion 111 and axis being parallel, the short portion of F 1 and the short portion 2 113 of F and axes normal, " L " shape groove 12 comprises L long portion 121 and the short portion 122 of L, the short portion of L 122 is positioned at the same side of F long portion 111 with the short portion of F 1 and the short portion 2 113 of F, the one end in the short portion 122 of L is communicated with one end of L long portion 121, the other end in the short portion 122 of L is communicated with F long portion 111, L long portion 121 other end is positioned at away from guide pipe positioning pipe 1 end, and be not communicated with the short portion 2 113 of F, guide pipe positioning pipe 1 end has the notch 13 identical with L long portion 121 shape, and be positioned on the same straight line that is not connected with L long portion,
As shown in Figures 4 to 6, guide pipe block set 2, guide pipe block set 2 is cylindrical guide pipe block set 2, guide pipe block set 2 has circular cavity 21, guide pipe block set 2 front end is enclosed construction 22, enclosed construction 22 axle center has for the through hole 23 through guide pipe, guide pipe block set 2 outer wall front end place offers knob locating hole 24, guide pipe block set 2 outer wall proximal end place has resigning hole 25, knob locating hole 24 is parallel to guide pipe block set 2 axis with the line of centres of resigning hole 25, guide pipe block set 2 end outer wall is provided with annular spacing preiection 26, spacing preiection 26 outer wall is provided with anti-skidding protruding 27,
As shown in Figure 7 to 9, guide pipe inner seat 3, guide pipe inner seat 3 is cylindrical, guide pipe inner seat 3 front end outer wall offers horizontal groove 31, the shape of horizontal groove 31 is similar to the shape of standard runway, the bottom surface of horizontal groove 31 has the square groove 32 with guide pipe inner seat 3 axes normal, square groove 32 one end is communicated with horizontal groove 31 edge, the other end crosses horizontal groove 31 center, but be not communicated with the outer wall of horizontal groove 31, guide pipe inner seat 3 end sidewall has square locating notch 33, locating notch 33 direction is identical with guide pipe inner seat 3 axis direction, locating notch 33 and horizontal groove 31 are positioned at the same side of guide pipe inner seat 3, spring groove 36 is had between locating notch 33 and horizontal groove 31,
As shown in Figure 11 to Figure 13, shifting fork disc 4, shifting fork disc 4 upper surface is provided with connection bump 41, and shifting fork disc 4 lower surface is provided with cylindrical protrusions 42, and cylindrical protrusions axis is with shifting fork disc 4 axis being parallel and do not overlap, and shifting fork disc 4 center has screwed hole;
Positioning sliding block 5, shape and the locating notch 33 of positioning sliding block 5 adapt;
Locating shaft 6, knob 7 and locating pin 8;
Guide pipe inner seat 3 is sheathed in guide pipe block set 2 cavity, be slidably connected with guide pipe block set 2, guide pipe inner seat 3 is positioned at guide pipe block set 2 axis direction and offers guide through hole 34, the diameter of guide through hole 34 is greater than guide pipe external diameter, guide through hole 34 end offers taper targeting port 35, guide pipe inner seat 3 horizontal groove 31 is rotatably connected to shifting fork disc 4, shifting fork disc 4 cylindrical protrusions 42 embeds in the square groove 32 of guide pipe inner seat 3, knob 7 is connected with shifting fork disc 4 connection bump 41 bolt through knob locating hole 24, through hole is offered in spring groove 36, through-bore axis and guide pipe inner seat 3 intersect vertical axis, locating shaft 6 spiral shell is located in the through hole of spring groove 36, and can the moving axially of guide pipe in restricted guidance through hole 34, positioning sliding block 5 and locating notch 33 are slidably connected, one end of positioning sliding block 5 guide pipe inner seat 3 end far away is connected with locating shaft 6 by extension spring, one end of nearly guide pipe inner seat 3 end of positioning sliding block 5 is provided with locating pin 8, locating pin 8 is threaded with positioning sliding block 5 through guide pipe block set 2 resigning hole 25, guide pipe inner seat 3 is slidably connected in guide pipe block set 2 cavity 21, guide pipe block set 2 is sheathed in guide pipe positioning pipe 1.
A kind of using method of intramedullary pin perforating device guiding base is:
First, by rotary knob 7, the cylindrical protrusions 42 of shifting fork disc 4 is made to drive guide pipe inner seat 3 to move to end limits position, then guide pipe block set 2 is sheathed in guide pipe positioning pipe 1, knob 6 and locating pin 8 are moved along the F long portion 111 of the F shape groove 11 of guide pipe positioning pipe 1, contact to spacing preiection 26 with guide pipe positioning pipe 1 end, also be the sheathed extreme position of guide pipe block set 2, now knob 7 moves to F long portion 111 and the intersection of F short portion 1 of F shape groove 11, locating pin 8 is positioned at the short portion 111 of L of L shape groove 12 and the intersection of the F long portion 111 of F shape groove 11, rotary steering trunnion carrier 2, knob 7 is made to move to F short portion 112 extreme position along the short portion of F 112, locating pin 8 is made to move to the short portion 122 of L and L long portion 121 intersection along the short portion of L 122, turn knobs 7 drives shifting fork disc 4 to rotate, column-shaped projection 42 is made to do a reciprocating motion along square groove 32, guide pipe inner seat 3 can be pushed and put in place, meanwhile, guide pipe inner seat 3 is proal drives positioning sliding block 5 to move by extension spring simultaneously, when positioning sliding block 5 due to locating pin 8 moved to extreme position and stop motion time, guide pipe inner seat 3 continues extension spring and advances, until guide pipe inner seat 3 motion puts in place, then penetrate auger spindle to hole, auger spindle is released after boring, then rotary knob 7, the cylindrical protrusions 42 of shifting fork disc 4 is made to drive guide pipe inner seat 3 to move to end limits position, extension spring retraction in this process, auxiliary guide pipe inner seat 3 rollback, now knob 7 rests on F short portion 1 extreme position, locating pin 8 moves to the short portion 122 of L and L long portion 121 intersection along the short portion of L 122, rotary steering trunnion carrier 2, knob 7 is made to move to the F long portion 111 of F shape groove 11 in intersection of F short portion 1, locating pin 8 is positioned at the short portion 111 of L of L shape groove 12 and the intersection of the F long portion 111 of F shape groove 11, after having bored the hole of distalmost end, pumpback guiding base 2, knob 7 is moved along the short portion 2 113 of F, locating pin 8 is moved along notch 13, repeat above-mentioned action, finally extract guide pipe block set 2 out, complete an operation cycle.
With above-mentioned according to desirable embodiment of the present invention for enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff in the scope not departing from this invention technological thought, can carry out various change and amendment completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in description, must determine its technical scope according to right.