CN103607519A - Brain-computer interface-based telephone system for double-upper limb disabled people - Google Patents
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Abstract
A brain-computer interface-based telephone system for double-upper limb disabled people is provided. The brain-computer interface-based telephone system comprises a visual stimulator, an electroencephalography acquisition platform, a system control and data processing unit, a telephone control module and a telephone set; when a user watches a certain LED of the visual stimulator, a steady-state visual evoked potential is generated in a specific area of the brain of the user; the electroencephalography acquisition platform acquires electroencephalography signals in a real-time manner; after being subjected to amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion, the electroencephalography signals are inputted to the system control and data processing unit; the system control and data processing unit processes the electroencephalography signals in a real-time manner so as to detect the frequency of the steady-state visual evoked potential signals, identify the LED display watched by the user, and transmit a command corresponding to the display to the telephone control module; and the telephone control module controls the telephone system and makes the same execute corresponding operation according to the received control command. According to the brain-computer interface-based telephone system for the double-upper limb disabled people of the invention, operation intentions can be expressed through vision, and therefore, body movements of the user can be avoided. The brain-computer interface-based telephone system for the double-upper limb disabled people is advantageous in natural operation, easiness in use, high accuracy in dialing, stable work and almost no need for training users. With the brain-computer interface-based telephone system for the double-upper limb disabled people, basic functions of telephone communication can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to brain science technology and the communication technology, more particularly, the present invention relates to brain-computer interface technology and telephone communication technology.
Technical background
Phone is very universal communication equipment of modern society, and telephone communication has become the main method of people's transmission of information.Yet existing telephone set is all for the sound people of upper limbs designs, and all need to could use by finger dialing.Yet some are due to various Neuromuscular meat diseases (as muscular dystrophy lateral sclerosis, brain stem apoplexy, brain paralysis, spinal cord injury and op parkinson's etc.), both hands are not subject to brain control and can not move.These couple of upper limb disability person can not use existing telephone set to communicate, and can not receive calls, and can not call, and brings great puzzlement to their life.Therefore of facing of the hope ，Shi scientific and technological circle that, how to help them to realize telephone communication has challenging problem.
The cerebration of brain-computer interface (Brain-Computer Interface, BCI) monitor user ', understands user's intention, and user's intention is converted into external command.BCI is a direct communication port of setting up between brain and external equipment.Be different from people normally by peripheral nerve and sarcous output channel, BCI can make people directly by brain, express thoughts or commanding apparatus, and need to be by language and limb action.For the disabled people that moved, BCI can help them to realize mobile, communication and independent, thereby improves their quality of life.
Different brain electricity (Electroencephalography, EEG) signal component, for example slow cortical potential, the mu/beta rhythm and pace of moving things, the relevant P300 current potential of event and VEP (Visual Evoked Potential, VEP), can be as the characteristic signal of BCI.In these BCI implementation methods, the BCI based on VEP is owing to having following four advantages, thereby obtained increasing attention: 1) high rate of information transmission; 2) need hardly user to train; 3) low user changes; 4) be easy to use.
VEP has reflected the Vision information processing mechanism of brain, is a kind of response of human eye to flash stimulation.Different according to the frequency of repetitive stimulation, VEP can be divided into transient state VEP and stable state VEP.When the repetition rate of visual stimulus is lower, the sound that twice continued stimulus causes would not produce crossover, stimulates the response producing to be independent of former stimulation at every turn, and this response is called transient state VEP(Transient VEP, TVEP); When the repetition rate of visual stimulus is during higher than 6Hz, the response meeting superposition of continuous Induced by Stimulation several times together, Cortical Neurons granting meeting is synchronizeed with frequency of stimulation, the rhythm and pace of moving things in He Ding district, occipital region electrical activity of brain obviously strengthens, form a kind of stable response, be called stable state VEP(Stedy-State VEP, SSVEP).SSVEP has fundamental frequency and the harmonic wave thereof identical with visual stimulus frequency, and its fundamental frequency can detect with specific signal processing algorithm.
At present, only having application number is that 201010539169.6 Chinese patent discloses a kind of pair of upper limb disabled telephone.A sleeve is installed in this invention on ordinary telephone set Hands-free key, has realized the function of answering the call with on-hook.This Technology Need user presses hands-free switch with face and operates, and uses both inconvenient, also unbecoming; In addition, this technology can only help user to receive calls, and can not help them to dial and make a phone call, and does not realize telephone communication function completely.
BCI is a kind of communication and control passage of non-muscle, and this passage can help dyskinesia person to walk around the normal neuromuscular channel of the mankind, and realization is communicated by letter or controls external equipment with the external world.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of two upper limb disabled person telephone systems based on brain-computer interface (BCI), comprise visual stimulator, brain wave acquisition platform, system control and data processing unit, telephone control module and telephone set.User expresses operation intention by watching specific light-emitting diode display on visual stimulator attentively, and brain wave acquisition platform is realized collection, amplification, filtering and the analog-to-digital conversion of EEG signals, and digital data transmission is controlled and data processing unit to system.System is controlled the frequency that detects in real time Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) signal with data processing unit, identify LED corresponding to this frequency, and by the command transfer of its representative to telephone control module, control telephone set and carry out off-hook, dialing, on-hook, the operation such as redial.The present invention can help two upper limb disability patients to realize the hope of telephone communication, they not only can be received calls, and can call, thereby greatly improve their quality of life.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of two upper limb disabled person telephone systems of controlling based on brain-computer interface of the present invention comprise visual stimulator, brain wave acquisition platform, system control and data processing unit, telephone control module and telephone set.Wherein, visual stimulator is comprised of 16 light-emitting diode displays, and they are simultaneously luminous with different frequencies.When user watches certain LED of visual stimulator attentively, in the specific region of brain, will produce Steady State Visual Evoked Potential, its fundamental frequency is identical with the glow frequency of this LED; Brain wave acquisition platform Real-time Collection EEG signals, after amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion, input computer by data wire; System control is processed the eeg data receiving in real time with data processing unit, detects the frequency of Steady State Visual Evoked Potential signal, the light-emitting diode display that identification user watches attentively, and command transfer corresponding to this display arrived to telephone control module; Telephone control module is controlled this telephone system according to the order receiving and is carried out corresponding operation.
Described visual stimulator is comprised of stimulator panel and stimulator control circuit, for generation of the visual stimulus of different frequency.Stimulator panel is comprised of light-emitting diode display and 15 digital tube displays of 16 coloured light that turn white.16 LED are arranged in 4 * 4 stimulation matrix, for simulating the dialing keyboard of 16 buttons.Each LED is the rectangular block of 2cm * 2cm.The horizontal range of two adjacent LED is 3cm, and vertical range is 2.5cm.15 digital tube displays are arranged in a line, for showing the telephone number of input.
Stimulator control circuit consists of CPLD (CPLD) chip and peripheral circuit thereof, and the square-wave signal that is 1/2 for generation of 16 road different frequencies, modulation depth is controlled 16 LED with different frequencies and different sequential flashes of light.Zhe16 road square-wave signal is by the output of CPLD chip I/O port, and their mode of operation is set by 4 toggle switchs (SW1-SW4) of CPLD periphery.The flashing rate of each LED can be by program setting and change, and frequency range is 6Hz～30Hz (best is 6Hz～20Hz), and the minimum interval between frequency is 0.5Hz.
Each light-emitting diode display inside comprises 6 light-emitting diodes, forms the double column structure by 3 light-emitting diode series windings.In order to guarantee enough luminous intensities, apply current driving circuit need to each light-emitting diode display.Each road square-wave signal by the output of CPLD chip I/O port is delivered to respectively a road current driving circuit.16 road current driving circuits are separate, do not interfere with each other.
Each light-emitting diode display is corresponding to a specific order.When user wants to carry out certain order, as long as watch corresponding light-emitting diode display attentively, at this moment in user's brain occipitalia region, can produce Steady State Visual Evoked Potential signal, its fundamental frequency is identical with the glow frequency of being watched attentively LED.Therefore, user's intention (being the LED that user watches attentively) can be determined by analyzing the frequency of its EEG signals, detection SSVEP signal.
This virtual telephony dialing keyboard of 4 * 4 comprises 10 numerical keys (0～9) and 6 function keys: ← (backspace), D (dialing), HU (on-hook), PU (off-hook), RD (redialing) with
(confirmation).By watching corresponding button attentively, user can input a telephone number, carry out a feature operation or deleting input error.Numerical key is used for inputting telephone number; ' D ' key is for transfering to the correct number of input; ' RD ' key is for dialing the number of previous dial-out; ' PU ' key is for the off-hook operation before answering or calling; ' HU ' key is for the on-hook operation after end of conversation; ' ← ' key is for deleting input error; '
' key is for confirming front 4 function keys.
Described brain wave acquisition platform comprises electrode cap and electroencephalogramdata data collector, and electrode cap is used for gathering EEG signals, electroencephalogramdata data collector for the EEG signals that gather are amplified, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion.Electrode cap comprises by 7 electrodes and forms recording channel, is positioned at brain occipitalia region.According to " international 10/20 standard lead system ", place, the position of 7 electrodes is respectively O1, O2, Pz, P3, P4, P7, P8.
Described system is controlled and the initialization of data processing unit executive system, visual stimulator startup, data acquisition control, data receiver and preservation, Digital Signal Processing and control command output function.System is controlled with the software of data processing unit based on C++ platform development.Transfer of data between brain wave acquisition platform and system control and data processing unit is followed ICP/IP protocol.
Digital Signal Processing refers to be processed in real time to EEG signals, detects the frequency of Steady State Visual Evoked Potential signal, identifies user command corresponding to this frequency.This telephone system is used canonical correlation analysis (Canonical Correlation Analysis, CCA) to detect the frequency of Steady State Visual Evoked Potential in EEG signals.CCA is a kind of Multivariable Statistical Methods, for two variablees, has certain implicit relevant situation.In this telephone system, CCA method is for describing the relation between stimulus signal and the EEG signals of record.
Described telephone control module is by single-chip microcomputer and GPRS (GPRS) module composition, single-chip microcomputer is controlled and is communicated by letter with data processing unit with system by serial ports, receiving system is controlled the data command transmitting with data processing unit, by second serial, GPRS module is sent to corresponding AT instruction.Telephone control module software is carried out with the communicating by letter of system control and data processing unit, is shaken hands, command recognition and the control to telephone set, thereby realizes off-hook, dialing, on-hook, the function such as redial.
Described telephone set refers to the remainder of an ordinary telephone set except telephone control module and telephone keypad, mainly comprises microphone, receiver, power supply (battery) and ringing circuit etc.
The present invention is based on the BCI technology of SSVEP, by user's vision, control, realized non-contact type dialing and answered, thereby solved the telephone communication problem of two upper limb disabled persons.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful effect: by visual expression operation intention, exempted user's limb action, and operation nature, easy to use, the embarrassment of having avoided two upper limb disability persons to use face or other position of health to operate.The present invention has realized the basic function of telephone communication, and user not only can receive calls, and can call.Under the condition participating in without limb action, user can independently carry out off-hook, dialing, on-hook, redial and the operation such as deleting input error.The telephone system that the present invention realizes dials, and accuracy rate is high, working stability, and user needs training hardly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the two upper limb disabled person telephone system schematic diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is visual stimulator panel figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that LED control signal of the present invention produces circuit diagram.
Fig. 4 is LED current driving circuit figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is electrode position distribution map of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that system of the present invention is controlled and data processing unit program flow diagram.
Fig. 7 is that CCA of the present invention is for the method for SSVEP frequency identification.
Fig. 8 is single-chip microcomputer STC12C5A60s2 and peripheral circuit diagram in telephone control module of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is GPRS module SIM300 and peripheral circuit diagram in telephone control module of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, clear and definite, referring to the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, further describe.Should be understood that, application of the present invention is not limited to described giving an example, and concerning one of skill in the art, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all belong to the protection range of claims of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the two upper limb disabled person telephone systems based on brain-computer interface comprise visual stimulator, brain wave acquisition platform, system control and data processing unit, telephone control module and the telephone set connecting successively.User wears 7 electrode caps that lead, and is sitting on the chair on a limit, and visual stimulator is placed on the desktop in user dead ahead, the about 50cm of distance users eyes.Electroencephalogramdata data collector is placed on stimulator back, in the present embodiment, using notebook computer as system, controls and data processing unit, is placed on the left side of stimulator.For ease of user's communication, telephone control module and telephone set are placed on the table limit near user, and telephone set is set to hands-free state.
As shown in Figure 2, the LED of 16 coloured light that turn white is distributed on visual stimulator panel, formed the stimulation matrix of 4 * 4, be used for simulating a dialing keyboard, comprise 10 numerical keys (0～9) and 6 function keys: ← (backspace), D (dialing), HU (on-hook), PU (off-hook), FD (redialing) with
(confirmation).By watching corresponding button attentively, user can input telephone number, carry out feature operation or deleting input error.After telephone bell sounds, user watches ' PU ' key attentively telephone set is switched to talking state, can converse with the other side; When needs are called, user watches ' PU ' key attentively phone is switched to dialing status, by watching corresponding numerical key attentively, can input telephone number.If input makes a mistake, user can use ' ← ' key deleting input error, re-enters numeral.After telephone number input is correct, user watches ' D ' key attentively and number can be transferred to; After end of conversation, user watches ' HU ' key attentively can be hung up phone; Use ' RD ' key, the number that user once dials before can redialing.In order to reduce operating mistake, front 5 function keys must with '
' binding closes use.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, stimulator control circuit is comprised of LED modulated signal producing circuit and LED drive circuit.LED modulated signal producing circuit consists of CPLD (CPLD) chip EMP1270T144 and peripheral circuit thereof, produce the square-wave signal that 16 tunnel modulation depths are 1/2, by I/O port, S1～S16 exports, and controls 16 LED with different frequencies and different time series pattern flashes of light.Port CLK0(pin 18) be connected with crystal oscillator LTC6905-80, for generation of the square-wave signal of 48MHz, through frequency division, can produce needed LED modulation signal.The flashing rate of LED can be by program setting and change, and frequency range is 6Hz～20Hz, and the minimum interval between frequency is 0.5Hz.Toggle switch SW1～SW4 can be used for setting the mode of operation of 16 road square-wave signals.Square-wave modulation signal S1～S16 exports respectively a road current driving circuit to.16 road current driving circuits are separate, do not interfere with each other.Fig. 4 provides Liao Yi road current driving circuit schematic diagram.
As shown in Figure 5, electrode cap is used for gathering EEG signals, comprises that 7 electrodes that are positioned at occipitalia region are as EEG signals recording channel, and electrode is placed according to " international 10/20 standard lead system ", 7 electrode positions are respectively O1, O2, Pz, P3, P4, P7, P8.For guaranteeing that electrode has good contacting with scalp, in electrode cap jack, inject the conducting resinl with good conductive characteristic, resistance is below 5 kilo-ohms.
Experimenter expresses operation intention by watching specific LED attentively, and corresponding EEG signals are through electrode cap collection, then through electroencephalogramdata data collector amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion process, the system in notebook computer that is transferred to is controlled and data processing unit.
As shown in Figure 6, system is controlled with data processing unit and by software, is realized in computer, and its treatment step is followed successively by system initialization, visual stimulator startup, data acquisition control, data receiver and preservation, Digital Signal Processing and control command output.This unit has two major functions: the one, the operating state of whole system is controlled, and the 2nd, eeg data is processed in real time to identification user's operational order.System controlling software is based on C++ platform development, and the transfer of data between electroencephalogramdata data collector and notebook computer is followed ICP/IP protocol.
Eeg data length for processing is in real time 2 seconds, and moving step length is 0.5 second.In order to improve the reliability of target identification, only when double detection is same frequency of stimulation, just SSVEP frequency identification is effective.
As shown in Figure 7, use canonical correlation analysis (CCA) algorithm to process in real time eeg data, the frequency of identification Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) signal.Concrete steps are as follows.
1) determine reference signal: supposition exists frequency of stimulation to be respectively
f 1 , f 2 ..., f k 's
kindividual target.
xwith
y fthe stochastic variable that represents two multidimensional, wherein
xfor
n tthe multichannel brain signal of telecommunication that second is long;
y f represent with
xthe reference signal that length is identical.This reference signal be one by frequency of stimulation
fand the column vector of the sine of harmonic wave and cosine composition
In formula
n h the number of harmonic wave, in the present embodiment
n h =3.
2) all frequency of stimulation are calculated to CCA coefficient: the multichannel brain signal of telecommunication
xwith one of reference signal
y fk as the input of CCA algorithm, each frequency of stimulation of this telephone system is calculated to CCA coefficient.
Consider a pair of linear combination
x=
x t w x with
y=Y t w y .The effect of CCA is to find weight vector
w x with
w y , make
xwith
ybetween relevant maximization.In other words, constrained optimization problem below can solve the multichannel brain signal of telecommunication
xwith each reference signal
y ft maximum CCA coefficient
3) determine user command: by step 2) maximum CCA coefficient corresponding to each reference frequency obtained
ρ k , can be used for identifying target and the corresponding user command thereof that user watches attentively.?
kindividual frequency of stimulation is corresponding
kindividual maximum CCA coefficient
ρ k , k=1,2 ...,
kin, thering is peaked coefficient and be judged as CCA coefficient corresponding to target frequency that user watches attentively, order corresponding to this target wanted the order of expressing for user
c, can be formulated as follows
In formula
ρ k that EEG signals are at frequency of stimulation
f k cCA coefficient,
kit is the number of stimulation target.
As shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, telephone control module consists of single-chip microcomputer STC12C5A60S2 and GPRS (GPRS) mobile module SIM300.Single-chip microcomputer STC12C5A60S2 communicates by letter with host computer (being notebook computer) by first serial (pin 5 and 7), receives the data command that host computer transmits, and by second serial (pin 42 and 43), SIM300 is sent to corresponding AT instruction; SIM300 carries out corresponding operation according to AT instruction, thereby realize, dials, answers, on-hook, off-hook, the function such as redials.The telephone number of dialing, from sky wire pin (not marking the figure) output of SIM300, is sent in the air through bilateral antenna; The telephone number of dragging on is inputted by same antenna pin after being accepted by the same antenna.Pin 1,3,5,7 with pin 19,21,23,25 for being connected SIM phonecard.Pin 57 with 59 for being connected microphone (Microphone), and pin 58 with 60 for being connected receiver (Speaker).Single-chip microcomputer STC12C5A60S2 pin P2.6(is pin 24) be pin 34 with the Energy Saving Control end PWRKEY(of SIM300) be connected, SIM300 is restarted with dormancy and controlled.
Finally it should be noted that above embodiment is only for describing technical scheme of the present invention, rather than present technique method is limited.The present invention can extend to other modification, variation and embodiment in application, and therefore thinks that all such modifications, variation and embodiment are within spirit of the present invention and teachings.
Claims (1)
1. two upper limb disabled person telephone systems of controlling based on brain-computer interface, is characterized in that comprising visual stimulator, brain wave acquisition platform, system control and data processing unit, telephone control module and telephone set; When user watches certain LED of visual stimulator attentively, in the specific region of brain, will produce Steady State Visual Evoked Potential, its fundamental frequency is identical with the glow frequency of this LED; Brain wave acquisition platform Real-time Collection EEG signals, after amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion, control and data processing unit by data wire input system; System control is processed the eeg data receiving in real time with data processing unit, detects the frequency of Steady State Visual Evoked Potential signal, the light-emitting diode display that identification user watches attentively, and command transfer corresponding to this display arrived to telephone control module; Telephone control module is controlled this telephone system according to the order receiving and is carried out corresponding operation;
Described visual stimulator is comprised of stimulator panel and stimulator control circuit, stimulator panel is comprised of light-emitting diode display and 15 digital tube displays of 16 coloured light that turn white, 16 LED are arranged in 4 * 4 stimulation matrix, for simulating the dialing keyboard of 16 buttons, 15 digital tube displays are arranged in a line, for showing the telephone number of input; Stimulator control circuit consists of CPLD chip and peripheral circuit thereof, controls 16 LED with different frequencies and different sequential flashes of light, and their mode of operation is set by 4 toggle switchs of CPLD periphery; The frequency range of LED is 6Hz～20Hz, and the minimum interval between frequency is 0.5Hz;
Described system is controlled and the initialization of data processing unit executive system, visual stimulator startup, data acquisition control, data receiver and preservation, Digital Signal Processing and control command output function; Described Digital Signal Processing refers to be processed in real time to EEG signals, detects the frequency of Steady State Visual Evoked Potential signal, identifies user command corresponding to this frequency;
Described telephone control module is by single-chip microcomputer and GPRS module composition, single-chip microcomputer is controlled and is communicated by letter with data processing unit with system by serial ports, receiving system is controlled the data command transmitting with data processing unit, by second serial, GPRS module is sent to corresponding AT instruction, thereby realize off-hook, dialing, on-hook, the function such as redial;
Described telephone set mainly comprises microphone, receiver, power supply and ringing circuit.
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| CN106491251A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-15 | 中国医学科学院生物医学工程研究所 | One kind is based on non-intrusion type brain-computer interface robotic arm control system and its control method |
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| CN106802723A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-06 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of Two bors d's oeuveres Chinese input system based on Steady State Visual Evoked Potential |
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| CN109965871A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Analysis method, system, medium and the equipment of brain-computer interface signal |
| CN109965871B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-02-11 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Method, system, medium, and apparatus for analyzing brain-computer interface signal |
| CN110956701A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-04-03 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Life support system and life support method |
| CN115714832A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-02-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Operation method of telephone dialing system based on steady-state visual evoked potential |
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