CN103606699A - Safe lithium ion battery with good cyclic performance - Google Patents
Safe lithium ion battery with good cyclic performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN103606699A CN103606699A CN201310574669.7A CN201310574669A CN103606699A CN 103606699 A CN103606699 A CN 103606699A CN 201310574669 A CN201310574669 A CN 201310574669A CN 103606699 A CN103606699 A CN 103606699A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a safe lithium ion battery with a good cyclic performance. The safe lithium ion battery comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, and a diaphragm and electrolyte arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece; polymer carrier coatings are coated on the surfaces of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece; a negative pole is made of a carbon and tin nano fiber composite thin film material. According to the safe lithium ion battery with good cyclic performance, the pulverization, the cracking and the reunion of pole materials are inhibited greatly so that the cyclic performance of pole materials can be improved and the stability of the poles can be kept; the negative pole material with good reversible specific capacity and cyclic performance is obtained; the separation is generated by the polymer carrier coatings so as to prevent a positive pole and the negative pole from being contacted to cause short circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery, particularly the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery has advantages of that voltage is high, volume is little, quality is light, specific energy is high, memory-less effect, pollution-free, self discharge is little, the life-span is long, be widely used in walkie electronic apparatus power supply, as digital electrical apparatus battery, traditional application such as battery of mobile phone.Along with industry fast developments such as aerospace, traffic, communication and information, aerospace technology, for national defence troops, microelectronic device, electric automobile, mobile communication product and the high-technology fields such as apparatus stand-by power supply of preventing and reducing natural disasters are had higher requirement to the specific energy density of lithium ion battery and cycle life, and therefore how to improve specific capacity, first charge-discharge efficiency and the cycle performance of lithium ion battery be one of important research direction of novel energy-storing Material Field in research.Lithium ion battery is also accompanied by safety problem, such as the positive and negative plate surface at battery is much highly the salient point of several microns sometimes, these salient points make to use in the process of lithium ion battery at aeromodelling airplane, because extruding, vibrations, the barrier film of collision between positive and negative electrode pole piece produce and scratch or puncture, cause positive and negative plate contact short circuit.So not only need at present to improve battery reversible specific capacity and cycle performance, also will guarantee safety when lithium ion battery is used.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect for above-mentioned prior art, the safety lithium ion cell that a kind of cyclicity is good is provided, there is contrary specific capacity height and good cycle and safety.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The safety lithium ion cell that a kind of cyclicity is good, comprise positive plate, negative plate and be placed in barrier film and the electrolyte between positive and negative plate, described positive and negative plate surface-coated has polymer support coating, and described negative pole adopts carbon, sijna rice fiber composite thin-film material.
Described polymer support coating is comprised of polymer and fire retardant, and wherein the percentage by weight of fire retardant in polymer support coating is 10%～80%, and the percentage by weight of described polymer in polymer support coating is 20%～90%.
Described polymer is a kind of to three kinds of mixing in vinylidene, vinylidene-HFC-236fa copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, oxidic polyethylene.
Described fire retardant is a kind of or its mixture in magnesium oxide, alundum (Al2O3).
The making of described polymer support coating comprises the following steps:
A, 10%～40% polymer by weight, 20%～60% solvent, the fire retardant of 5%～%35.6% and 5%～20% effumability additive are hybridly prepared into coating masking liquid;
B, coating is coated on the surface of positive plate, negative plate;
C, vacuum bakeout, remove solvent and effumability additive in coating.
Described effumability additive is n-butanol, and described solvent is 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, dimethyl formamide, acetone or butanone.
Described negative pole adopts carbon-based nano fiber as the carrier of lithium ion battery negative composite film material; Adopt metallic tin nano particle as the dopant of lithium ion battery composite material, the content of tinbase dopant accounts for 10～35wt% of composite film material, and the thickness of thin-film material is 4～50 μ m; Carbon-based nano fiber mutually interts and interweaves, and forms grid-gap; Tinbase dopant nano particle is wrapped in nanofiber equably, or dispersed and be embedded on carbon-based nano fiber or in the grid-gap of carbon-based nano fiber; Wherein, the diameter of tinbase dopant nano particle is 10～160nm, and the diameter of carbon-based nano fiber is 200～500nm, and the diameter of grid-gap is 0.5～5 μ m.
The described preparation method of tin, carbon nano-fiber composite film material for negative pole, comprises the following steps:
A, the precursor polymer solution of tin precursor solution and carbon fiber is made into the spinning solution of homogeneous;
B, with method of electrostatic spinning, make presoma, the polymer nanofibre film of tin; The parameter of described method of electrostatic spinning is: in spinning solution, the mass concentration of polymer is 8～16wt%, the molar concentration of tin presoma is 0.2～2mol/L, syringe needle internal diameter is 0.6～2mm, applying electrostatic potential is 8～20kV, spinning solution flow is 0.3～1.7mL/h, and receiving range is 10～30cm, adopts single needle or Multi needle spinning;
C, under protective gas atmosphere, carry out carbonization in 600～1250 ℃, last cooling down is to room temperature, wherein; programming rate is 1～10 ℃/min; 2～20 ℃/min of cooling rate, carbonization time is 1～6 hour, obtains a kind of used as negative electrode of Li-ion battery tin, carbon fiber composite film material.
Described tin presoma is one or more of the sub-tin of butter of tin, dichloride, 2 ethyl hexanoic acid pink salt, 2-ethylhexyl stannous methide, dibutyl tin maleate, acid dibutyl tin, the two maleic acid tin of dibutyl mono-n-butylester, two Kunshun butene two acid mono-character ester dioctyl tins or the different monooctyl ester dioctyl tin of two maleic acid lists, and corresponding solvent comprises one or more combinations of ethylene glycol, anhydrous acetic acid, ethanol, acetone; The described polymer of preparing carbon-based nano fiber is one or more combinations of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral resin, and corresponding solvent is one or more combinations in dimethyl formamide, vinyl acetate, butylene carbonic ester, dimethyl carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidine-diones, propylene carbonate or dimethylacetylamide.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: because the iris action of fibrous inside and the network blocking effect between fiber and fiber can expand or contraction change enormousness by buffers active metallic tin doff lithium ion, greatly suppress electrode material efflorescence, burst apart and reunite, thereby can improve the cycle performance of electrode material and keep electrode stable, obtaining the negative material of reversible specific capacity and good cycle, by polymer support coating, produce and intercept, resistance film can not scratch, just avoid, negative pole contact and cause short circuit, in polymer support coating manufacture process, removing of solvent and volatile additive leaves a large amount of spaces, can not affect other chemical property of battery, when other reason causes that internal temperature of battery is too high, polymer molecule in polymer support coating starts to enter molten condition, magnesium oxide and alundum (Al2O3) particle uniformly and in coating are just covering equably, the whole surface of negative plate, avoided the organic bath of inside battery with just, there is violent chemical reaction in negative electrode, there is battery burning or blast.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
10 parts of polymer poly vinylidenes and 20 parts of solvent 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONEs are blended in to stirring and dissolving liquid at 60 ℃ of temperature, add alundum (Al2O3) and 5 parts of effumability additive n-butanols that 8 parts of average diameters are 2 μ m, high-speed stirred is uniformly dispersed fire retardant and effumability additive.By the mode of coating, coating masking liquid is coated in the upper and lower surface of anodal and two pole pieces of negative pole, coating thickness is 8 μ m.Pole piece is placed in the vacuum oven of 95 ℃ and toasts 2 hours, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE solvent and volatile additive are removed, obtaining thickness is the polymer support coating of 5 μ m.The part by weight of alundum (Al2O3) in polymer support coating is 45%.Polyethylene barrier film, positive plate and negative plate are pressed to barrier film, positive plate, barrier film, the order of negative plate stacks or is wound into battery core body.Battery core body is placed in aluminum metal square shell, after laser welding, injects and form non-aqueous electrolyte by lithium hexafluoro phosphate and vinyl carbonate, dimethyl acid esters equal solvent.Finally by crossing, change into, the operation such as partial volume, obtain lithium from stain battery.
For negative pole, the even sol solution of the 1.75mL butter of tin configuring and 15mL anhydrous acetic acid is joined to the dimethylacetamide solution of 20mL polyvinylpyrrolidone, concentration is in 12wt%, then under hyperacoustic stirring, until form the solution of homogeneous, is used for electrostatic spinning.In the process of electrostatic spinning, selecting internal diameter is the syringe needle of 1.5mm, applying electrostatic potential is 15kV, spinning solution flow is 0.5mL/h, receiving range between metal roller and syringe needle is 15cm, cylinder external diameter linear velocity is 4m/s, through the spinning of 6 hours, obtain the nanofiber mats/film of certain thickness partial parallel orientation, reprocess fibre felt/film is placed in carbide furnace and cures 2h under the protection of 800 ℃ of argon gas, programming rate is 8 ℃/min, the cooling taking-up of cooling rate with 7 ℃/min can obtain tin, carbon nano-fiber composite film material, wherein the particle diameter of tin is 20nm left and right, tin is about 15wt% in the lip-deep load capacity of nanofiber, and the diameter of nanofiber pipe be 350～450. first discharge capacity be 750mAh/g, the capacity that circulates after 20 times is appointed and is remained on 330mAh/g.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technology people of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. the safety lithium ion cell that cyclicity is good, comprise positive plate, negative plate and be placed in barrier film and the electrolyte between positive and negative plate, it is characterized in that: described positive and negative plate surface-coated has polymer support coating, described negative pole adopts carbon, sijna rice fiber composite thin-film material.
2. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described polymer support coating is comprised of polymer and fire retardant, wherein the percentage by weight of fire retardant in polymer support coating is 10%～80%, and the percentage by weight of described polymer in polymer support coating is 20%～90%.
3. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described polymer is a kind of to three kinds of mixing in vinylidene, vinylidene-HFC-236fa copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, oxidic polyethylene.
4. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described fire retardant is a kind of or its mixture in magnesium oxide, alundum (Al2O3).
5. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the making of described polymer support coating comprises the following steps:
A, 10%～40% polymer by weight, 20%～60% solvent, the fire retardant of 5%～%35.6% and 5%～20% effumability additive are hybridly prepared into coating masking liquid;
B, coating is coated on the surface of positive plate, negative plate;
C, vacuum bakeout, remove solvent and effumability additive in coating.
6. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described effumability additive is n-butanol, and described solvent is 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, dimethyl formamide, acetone or butanone.
7. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described negative pole adopts carbon-based nano fiber as the carrier of lithium ion battery negative composite film material; Adopt metallic tin nano particle as the dopant of lithium ion battery composite material, the content of tinbase dopant accounts for 10～35wt% of composite film material, and the thickness of thin-film material is 4～50 μ m; Carbon-based nano fiber mutually interts and interweaves, and forms grid-gap; Tinbase dopant nano particle is wrapped in nanofiber equably, or dispersed and be embedded on carbon-based nano fiber or in the grid-gap of carbon-based nano fiber; Wherein, the diameter of tinbase dopant nano particle is 10～160nm, and the diameter of carbon-based nano fiber is 200～500nm, and the diameter of grid-gap is 0.5～5 μ m.
8. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the described preparation method of tin, carbon nano-fiber composite film material for negative pole, comprises the following steps:
A, the precursor polymer solution of tin precursor solution and carbon fiber is made into the spinning solution of homogeneous;
B, with method of electrostatic spinning, make presoma, the polymer nanofibre film of tin; The parameter of described method of electrostatic spinning is: in spinning solution, the mass concentration of polymer is 8～16wt%, the molar concentration of tin presoma is 0.2～2mol/L, syringe needle internal diameter is 0.6～2mm, applying electrostatic potential is 8～20kV, spinning solution flow is 0.3～1.7mL/h, and receiving range is 10～30cm, adopts single needle or Multi needle spinning;
C, under protective gas atmosphere, carry out carbonization in 600～1250 ℃, last cooling down is to room temperature, wherein; programming rate is 1～10 ℃/min; 2～20 ℃/min of cooling rate, carbonization time is 1～6 hour, obtains a kind of used as negative electrode of Li-ion battery tin, carbon fiber composite film material.
9. the good safety lithium ion cell of a kind of cyclicity according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described tin presoma is one or more of the sub-tin of butter of tin, dichloride, 2 ethyl hexanoic acid pink salt, 2-ethylhexyl stannous methide, dibutyl tin maleate, acid dibutyl tin, the two maleic acid tin of dibutyl mono-n-butylester, two Kunshun butene two acid mono-character ester dioctyl tins or the different monooctyl ester dioctyl tin of two maleic acid lists, and corresponding solvent comprises one or more combinations of ethylene glycol, anhydrous acetic acid, ethanol, acetone; The described polymer of preparing carbon-based nano fiber is one or more combinations of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral resin, and corresponding solvent is one or more combinations in dimethyl formamide, vinyl acetate, butylene carbonic ester, dimethyl carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidine-diones, propylene carbonate or dimethylacetylamide.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105470526A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 山东精工电子科技有限公司 | Lithium battery anode current collector surface treatment method |
| CN105742678A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-06 | 香港科技大学 | Polymer film applied to redox flow battery and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105733332A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-06 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Flame-retardant coating and lithium ion battery employing same |
| CN106716704A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2017-05-24 | 索尼公司 | Secondary battery, battery pack, electric vehicle, power storage system, power tool, and electronic apparatus |
| CN107623098A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-23 | 万向二三股份公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery safety coatings, its application and lithium ion battery |
| CN108160122A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Composite material and composite material are the catalyst of carrier and its preparation and application |
| CN109216662A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | 青岛恒金源电子科技有限公司 | A kind of extended-life lithium ion battery and its battery pack |
| CN110212201A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-06 | 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 | Battery core, battery pole piece and preparation method thereof, battery |
| CN113380976A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江锋锂新能源科技有限公司 | Pole piece surface coating slurry and manufacturing method thereof, lithium battery pole piece and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN1725547A (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-01-25 | 上海比亚迪有限公司 | Lithium ion secondary battery |
| CN101626075A (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2010-01-13 | 北京化工大学 | Stannum and carbon composite nano-fiber film negative-electrode material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1725547A (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-01-25 | 上海比亚迪有限公司 | Lithium ion secondary battery |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106716704A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2017-05-24 | 索尼公司 | Secondary battery, battery pack, electric vehicle, power storage system, power tool, and electronic apparatus |
| CN106716704B (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2019-10-15 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Secondary cell, battery pack, electric vehicle, accumulating system, electric tool and electronic device |
| CN105470526A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 山东精工电子科技有限公司 | Lithium battery anode current collector surface treatment method |
| CN105733332A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-06 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Flame-retardant coating and lithium ion battery employing same |
| CN105742678A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-06 | 香港科技大学 | Polymer film applied to redox flow battery and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107623098A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-23 | 万向二三股份公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery safety coatings, its application and lithium ion battery |
| CN108160122A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Composite material and composite material are the catalyst of carrier and its preparation and application |
| CN108160122B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2020-10-09 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Composite material and catalyst using composite material as carrier, and preparation and application thereof |
| CN109216662A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | 青岛恒金源电子科技有限公司 | A kind of extended-life lithium ion battery and its battery pack |
| CN110212201A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-06 | 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 | Battery core, battery pole piece and preparation method thereof, battery |
| CN113380976A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江锋锂新能源科技有限公司 | Pole piece surface coating slurry and manufacturing method thereof, lithium battery pole piece and manufacturing method thereof |
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