CN103602857B - 专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末 - Google Patents
专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
本发明公开了一种专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末，按重量百分比计，含有：11-13%碳化钛，2-5%氧化镧，5-7%氧化铝，8-10%铬，2-4%铱，0.1-0.2%碳，1-1.2%锰，余量为镍。该合金粉末，专用于高能连续光钎激光器的熔覆过程，激光的吸收利用率明显提高，形成的熔覆层具有高硬度、高韧性、高耐腐蚀性。且熔覆层组织致密，无气孔、裂纹、缩孔等缺陷，利用该合金粉末进行激光熔覆，工艺简单方便，无需熔覆前后热处理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种合金粉末，特别是指专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末。
背景技术
激光熔覆就是表面处理技术中的一种。概括的说，激光熔覆的原理就是利用高能激光束照射金属材料表面，基材表面被迅速融化，液态的金属形成一个小规模的熔池，同时填注新的粉末材料，在这个熔池中，原本的金属材料与被添加的粉末相互混合，形成一层新的液态金属层。待激光光束经过以后，液态金属层迅速冷却由此在金属表面形成一层固态的熔覆层。随着激光器功率和稳定性的不断提高，得到了迅速推广和应用。激光熔覆技术可广泛应用于航空、国防、石油化工、冶金、医疗器械等各个领域。
然而，目前国内市场上几乎没有连续光纤激光熔覆专用的合金粉末，通常所使用的合金粉末大多为热喷涂所用自熔合金粉末。由于两种技术的传热方式、工艺条件等的不同，热喷涂所用自熔合金粉末直接用于连续光纤激光熔覆后，激光吸收率较低，一般在30-40%左右。而且熔覆层容易出现裂纹、缩松、缩孔、气孔等缺陷。因此，有必要研制出一种专门用于连续光纤激光熔覆的金属合金粉末。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末，该合金粉末专用于高能连续光钎激光器的熔覆过程，激光的吸收利用率明显提高，形成的熔覆层具有高硬度、高韧性、高耐腐蚀性。且熔覆层组织致密，无气孔、裂纹、缩孔等缺陷，利用该合金粉末进行激光熔覆，工艺简单方便，无需熔覆前后热处理。
为解决上述问题，本发明的方案是：一种专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末，按重量百分比计，含有11-13%碳化钛，2-5%氧化镧，5-7%氧化铝，8-10%铬，2-4%铱，0.1-0.2%碳，1-1.2%锰，余量为镍。
专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末的优选配比为，含有：11%碳化钛，3%氧化镧，6%氧化铝，8%铬，3%铱，0.1%碳，1.2%锰，余量为镍。
本发明所述的合金粉末中各成分的作用分别如下：
镍（Ni）：作为金属陶瓷基材，熔覆时彻底熔融，与基材一同形成激光熔池，以供其他元素或化合物在熔池中均匀分布后凝固成熔覆层，通过增加熔覆层中的残余奥氏体，提高熔覆层的塑性和韧性，降低熔覆层的热膨胀系数，减少残余应力，消除应力集中，从而消除裂纹与缩松。
碳化钛（TiC）：在激光熔覆过程中不熔化，激光熔覆时镍基合金粉末从打印头均匀喷出，TiC均匀分布在熔池中，作为强化微粒存在于熔覆层中，极大地增强了熔覆层的硬度和强度。
氧化镧（La2O3）:提高因温度变化的稳定性和寿命，细化晶粒、生成的组织致密均匀，利于释放气泡，减少气孔。
氧化铝（Al2O3）：线膨胀系数较低，可降低粉末的热胀系数，降低开裂敏感性，提高激光的吸收率。
铬（Cr）：具有较强的固溶强化能力，提高熔覆层的强度，可增大钢的淬火度和淬火后的变形能力，提高的淬透性，并且使熔覆层具有优良的抗腐蚀性、耐磨性、硬度、弹性、抗磁力、抗强力和耐热性。
铱（Ir）：属于稀有金属元素，是一种韧性相材料，可提高连续光纤激光熔覆层的塑韧性。
碳（C）：属于非金属元素，碳含量越高，硬度就越高，耐磨性能就越好，屈服点和抗拉强度升高，但是其韧性、塑性、冲击性和抗腐蚀性能会随着碳含量的增加而降低，因此该合金粉末中C含量的选择确保熔覆层满足耐磨性的同时，尽可能的兼顾韧性和抗腐蚀性，此外该C含量能增加钢的冷脆性和时效敏感性。
锰（Mn）：提高钢的淬透性，对铁素体和奥氏体均能起到较大的固溶强化作用，使得钢材具备高的强度与硬度
本发明的有益效果：本发明所述的合金粉末，在连续式光钎激光熔覆中，激光的吸收利用率明显提高，形成的熔覆层具有高硬度、高韧性、高耐腐蚀性。且熔覆层组织致密，无气孔、裂纹、缩孔等缺陷。利用该合金粉末进行激光熔覆，工艺简单方便，无需熔覆前后热处理。
具体实施例
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
按重量百分比为：11%碳化钛，3%氧化镧，6%氧化铝，8%铬，3%铱，0.1%碳，1.2%锰，余量为镍。经过机械充分混合称取500g样品，经制样后得到200-300目的镍基合金粉末。实施例2
按重量百分比为：12%碳化钛，2%氧化镧，5%氧化铝，10%铬，2%铱，0.15%碳，1%锰，余量为镍。经过机械充分混合称取500g样品，经制样后得到200-300目的镍基合金粉末。
实施例3
按重量百分比为：13%碳化钛，5%氧化镧，7%氧化铝，9%铬，4%铱，0.2%碳，1.1%锰，余量为镍。经过机械充分混合称取500g样品，经制样后得到200-300目的镍基合金粉末。
由实施例1配制得到的镍基合金粉末，在3000W连续光纤激光功率，光斑尺寸12mm2，扫描速度20mm/s，送粉速率25g/min等工艺条件下，对基材为45号钢的工件表面进行激光熔覆处理，室温下，检测结果如下表所示：
Claims (1)
1. 专用于连续波光纤激光熔覆的合金粉末，按重量百分比计，其特征在于，含有：11% 碳化钛，3% 氧化镧，6% 氧化铝，8% 铬，3% 铱，0.1% 碳，1.2% 锰，余量为镍。
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| CN104233290A (zh) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-24 | 丹阳惠达模具材料科技有限公司 | 一种激光熔覆合金粉末 |
| CN104399968B (zh) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-08-17 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种用于连续式光纤激光表面合金化的钴基金属合金粉末 |
| CN105671410A (zh) * | 2014-11-20 | 2016-06-15 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种专用于连续式光纤激光合金化的陶瓷合金粉末 |
| CN114934271B (zh) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-09-15 | 无锡宏锦智能液压有限公司 | 一种用于液压缸的激光熔覆工艺 |
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