Background technology
For zinc residue produced in hot zinc plating purifying zinc, there are two kinds of main method at present:
The one, rectification under vacuum method, if the patent No. is the Chinese patent of " 911018409 " < < hot galvanizing residue rectification under vacuum zinc extraction method by name and equipment > > thereof, this invention realizes in one horizontal, round shape vacuum oven, minute evaporating area and condensing zone feeding-in solid body and slag tap in stove, liquid discharge metal.Intermittent operation, heating element are that three groups of tabular Y-connected Graphite Electrodess are in the heating of the top of evaporating area.Control 700~1000 ℃ of furnace temperature, vacuum tightness 133.3 * 10 to 133.3 * 10
-1handkerchief.Rectifying product is impure and determine according to raw material, can obtain zinc 1, No. 2.Through practice, find that this rectification under vacuum purification cadmia exists major defect to be: the physics component of final product can not reach 0# zinc standard, and reconstituted product added value is low;
The 2nd, the patent No. is " 200710159251.4 " < < zinc slag purification method by name and purifying plant > >, the method is that after the smelting furnace fusing that cadmia is 500~700 ℃ through temperature, by material feeder, to be admitted to its chamber temperature be the rectifying tower rectifying of 1000~1300 ℃, the condenser condenses that zinc fume after evaporation is 700~850 ℃ through temperature becomes pure zinc liquid, flow into Chu Xinchi, through alloy, be molded into 0# zinc zinc ingot metal; The unevaporated zinc liquid of rectifying tower flows into liquating furnace through lower extending part, and the large and small pond temperature of liquating furnace is respectively 400~750 ℃ and 500~750 ℃, processes the cadmia ash producing discharged by cinder notch through liquating furnace, and B# zinc is transported back smelting furnace and entered next circulation.The method can be produced 0# zinc, but this patented method and device are only applicable to zinc content at 99% above hot galvanizing residue, and purification rate just can reach more than 80%, and output capacity is lower; The 2nd, the energy medium in device is coke oven and blast furnace mixed gas, has the potential safety hazard that causes CO poisoning; The 3rd, reinforced in smelting furnace, repeat to cause energy consumption, in technique, can melt cadmia without this device completely, facts have proved, with the waste heat of refining furnace, complete and can carry out liquate fusing to cadmia, not only can reduce energy consumption, accelerated burn-off rate, improve liquate effect, reduced oxidative slagging amount.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to overcome in prior art cadmia to be only applicable to the requirement of hot galvanizing residue, the poisoning hidden danger that coal gas may bring, the output capacity that overcomes technogenic influence, and a kind of method and apparatus of zinc alloy for cadmia production hot dip that utilizes is provided.
For achieving the above object, the method for utilizing cadmia production hot dip to use zinc alloy provided by the invention, it comprises the steps:
1) reinforced and slagging-off for the first time for the first time: add cadmia and heat to cadmia in refining furnace; After liquate, obtain B# zinc liquid and scum silica frost, scum silica frost is discharged as slagging-off for the first time except cinder notch through refining furnace;
2) insulation and slagging-off for the second time: the B# zinc liquid obtaining in step 1) is delivered in insulation gauger and is incubated through zinc contracted affreightment, and removes the gred for the second time, and scum silica frost is discharged through the slag notch of insulation gauger;
3) rectifying and heat exchange: by step 2) in through the quantitatively rectifying in the outer rectifying tower that is arranged with combustion chamber of input of the zinc liquid of slagging-off for the second time, obtain zinc fume and fail the zinc liquid of evaporation taking the remaining zinc that slips that foreign metal forms;
4) condensation: the zinc fume after rectifying obtains 0# zinc liquid through condensation;
5) reinforced circulation again: the remaining zinc that slips in rectifying tower flows into refining furnace, the remaining zinc that slips is processed through refining furnace the zinc oxidative slagging and the foreign metal that produce and is discharged by the cinder notch of refining furnace, and step 2 is returned in slipping after the Yu Xinyu B# zinc liquid-phase mixing that reinforced fusing cadmia obtains again after liquate purifies) circulation;
6) prepare alloy: condensed 0# zinc liquid is cast alloy pig through allocating into as required after aluminium element mixes.
As preferred version, in described step 6), condensed 0# zinc liquid is directly inputted in line-frequency induction cored electric furnace and is cast alloy pig.
Further, the smelting temperature of described line-frequency induction cored electric furnace is controlled at 460~480 ℃.
The present invention also provides a kind of equipment that utilizes cadmia production hot dip use zinc alloy designing for realizing aforesaid method, comprise refining furnace, insulation gauger, rectifying tower, condenser, Chu Xinchi, combustion chamber and chimney, it is characterized in that: the output terminal of insulation gauger is connected with the import of rectifying tower through filling tube by automatic feeding device, the top zinc fume outlet of rectifying tower is connected with the input terminus of condenser by chute, the output terminal of condenser is connected with the entrance of Chu Xinchi, and the outlet of Chu Xinchi is connected with electric furnace; More than the bottom of rectifying tower slips, zinc outlet is connected with the input terminus of refining furnace along pipeline by lower, and the output terminal of refining furnace is connected with the input terminus of insulation gauger; Rectifying tower is arranged on inside, combustion chamber, and the Sweet natural gas input terminus of combustion chamber is connected with system steam line, and the tail gas output terminal of combustion chamber is connected with chimney.
As preferred version, it also comprises Heat Room, and the tail gas output terminal of combustion chamber is connected with the exhaust gas inlet C of Heat Room, and the waste gas outlet D of Heat Room is connected with chimney, the air intlet A of Heat Room communicates with atmosphere, and the air vout B of Heat Room is connected with the air input terminus of combustion chamber.
Further, described electric furnace is frequency cored induction furnace, and the import of described frequency cored induction furnace is connected with the outlet of Chu Xinchi by pipeline, and the outlet of frequency cored induction furnace is connected with alloy mould.
Further, described rectifying tower is combined by SiC section bar dish.
Further, described refining furnace is combined by anterior melting pool and rear portion treating pond.
The invention has the advantages that: process layout of the present invention is reasonable, production cost is low, the energy consumption that adopts consecutive production to greatly reduce, adopt Sweet natural gas can avoid the poisoning potential safety hazard of bringing of CO, by instrument feedback temperature, can control production whole process, improved body of heater work-ing life, the high-quality 0# zinc of purifying out can directly enter next procedure and produce hot dip and with zinc, return to cold rolling hot dip galvanizing production line and continue to use, and has realized resource circulation utilization.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in the figure, the present invention utilizes the equipment of zinc alloy for cadmia production hot dip, comprise refining furnace 1, insulation gauger 2, rectifying tower 4, condenser 6, storage zinc pond 7, combustion chamber 10 and chimney 13, it is characterized in that: the output terminal of insulation gauger 2 is connected with the import of rectifying tower 4 through filling tube 3 by automatic feeding device, the top zinc fume outlet of rectifying tower 4 is connected with the input terminus of condenser 6 by chute 5, the output terminal of condenser 6 is connected with the entrance in storage zinc pond 7, and the outlet in storage zinc pond 7 is connected with electric furnace; More than the bottom of rectifying tower 4 slips, zinc outlet is connected with the input terminus of refining furnace 1 along pipeline 12 by lower, and the output terminal of refining furnace 1 is connected with the input terminus of insulation gauger 2; Rectifying tower 4 is arranged on 10 inside, combustion chamber, and the Sweet natural gas input terminus of combustion chamber 10 is connected with system steam line, and the tail gas output terminal of combustion chamber 10 is connected with chimney 13.
It also comprises Heat Room 11, the tail gas output terminal of combustion chamber 10 is connected with the exhaust gas inlet C of Heat Room 11, the waste gas outlet D of Heat Room 11 is connected with chimney 13, and the air intlet A of Heat Room 11 communicates with atmosphere, and the air vout B of Heat Room 11 is connected with the air input terminus of combustion chamber 10; Electric furnace is frequency cored induction furnace 8, and the import of frequency cored induction furnace 8 is connected with the outlet in storage zinc pond 7 by pipeline, and the outlet of frequency cored induction furnace 8 is connected with alloy mould 9; Rectifying tower 4 is combined by SiC section bar dish; Refining furnace 1 is combined by anterior melting pool and rear portion treating pond.
First cadmia utilizes pre-hot melt through refining furnace 1, and the zinc liquid temperature of refining furnace 1 is controlled at 600~650 ℃.Zinc liquid after fusing is sent into rectifying tower 4 rectifying by insulation gauger 2 through filling tube 3.Rectifying tower 4 is comprised of SiC section bar, is connected with Heat Room 11 with combustion chamber 10, and air 15 and coal gas 16 are sent into combustion chamber 10 through Heat Room 11 respectively, and waste gas 17 is discharged from chimney 18, and the temperature out of waste gas is 400~600 ℃.The temperature of rectifying tower combustion chamber 10 is controlled at 1050~1250 ℃.Zinc fume after rectifying tower 4 evaporations, sends into condenser 6 through chute 5, through the condensing temperatures of 600~880 ℃, zinc vapor condensing is become to pure zinc liquid, flows into storage zinc pond 7, finally imports frequency cored induction furnace 8 and casts alloy pig 9.Foreign metal in rectifying tower 4 forms zinc more than high Wenliu with unevaporated zinc liquid and flows into refining furnaces 1 through lower extending part 12.Refining furnace 1 is comprised of melting pool and treating pond, and its temperature is controlled at respectively 600~650 ℃ and 550~600 ℃, and the zinc oxidative slagging producing through refining furnace 1 fusing and the foreign metal of backflow are discharged by cinder notch, and the mixing zinc liquid after purification enters next circulation.
0# zinc liquid directly injects frequency cored induction furnace by chute, allocates on demand appropriate aluminium into or binary or polynary zinc alloy for the hot dip of aluminium element Metal Production.
Be below 3 embodiment of zinc slag purification of the present invention, all adopt above-mentioned processing step, concrete technology parameter in Table 1. raw materials used be slag at the bottom of zinc residue produced in hot zinc plating and hot-galvanized cauldron, its Chemical Composition is in Table 2.Through check, adopt the hot dip zinc steady quality of zinc method output for cadmia production hot dip of the present invention.Table 3 is the Chemical Composition of embodiment of the present invention hot dip with zinc finished product.Table 4 is zinc ingot metal composition national standard.
The smelting temperature of table 1 zinc residue produced in hot zinc plating
Embodiment |
Holding temperature |
Spent air temperture |
Chamber temperature |
Condensing temperature |
Temperature of fusion | Purification temperature | |
1 |
600℃ |
600℃ |
1250℃ |
880℃ |
650℃ |
600℃ |
2 |
580℃ |
550℃ |
1150℃ |
750℃ |
620℃ |
550℃ |
3 |
550℃ |
450℃ |
1050℃ |
600℃ |
580℃ |
500℃ |
The Chemical Composition of table 2 zinc residue produced in hot zinc plating
The Chemical Composition (containing Al:0.55-0.6%) of zinc ingot metal for the hot dip of table 3 finished product
Table 4 zinc ingot metal composition national standard
In the middle of rectifying, control refining furnace great Chi temperature, make to heat up in a steamer remaining zinc and be divided into therein three layers: upper strata is leaded zinc, is without cadmium zinc or B# zinc.
Principle of work of the present invention and working process are as follows:
The method that cadmia regeneration is produced into hot dip use zinc alloy of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps: the method is to utilize each intermetallic principle that vapour pressure there are differences at a certain temperature, after being removed, cadmia foreign metal obtains 0# zinc liquid, directly by chute, inject frequency cored induction furnace, allocate on demand appropriate aluminium into or binary or polynary zinc alloy for the hot dip of aluminium element Metal Production.
After the refining furnace that cadmia is 600~700 ℃ through temperature utilizes delayed heat melting, by insulation gauger, quantitatively inputting its chamber temperature is the rectifying tower rectifying of 1050~1250 ℃, the condenser condenses that zinc fume after evaporation is 600~880 ℃ through temperature becomes pure zinc liquid, directly input line-frequency induction cored electric furnace, casts alloy pig ingot through allocating into as required after aluminium element mixes; In rectifying tower, fail the zinc liquid of evaporation and take foreign metal and form and to slip remaining zinc and flow into refining furnace, the melting pool of refining furnace and treating pond temperature are respectively 600~650 ℃ and 550~600 ℃, through refining furnace, process the zinc oxidative slagging and the foreign metal that produce and discharged by cinder notch, the remaining zinc that slips mixes and returns to circulation with the zinc liquid of fusing after liquate purifies.
The heating of rectifying tower of the present invention, refining furnace, dispensing mechanism all adopts Sweet natural gas heat supply with insulation; Line frequency furnace adopts electric heat supply.
In fusing, no longer increase heat energy during cadmia, utilize and slip remaining zinc waste heat and melt liquate process; Heating value of natural gas is high, and burning-point is low, and required air quantity is large, therefore for traditional heat exchange chamber structure, improves, and waste heat is all concentrated for heat exchange air, has strengthened air input and the heat interchanging area of air simultaneously, takes full advantage of waste heat, energy-saving and emission-reduction; After the 0# zinc liquid of producing, can add direct fusion in line frequency furnace to produce the required metallic element of alloy, proportioning is produced pot galvanize alloy, has cancelled the process links that traditional employing master alloy is produced hot-dip galvanized alloy.
Cadmia production hot dip of the present invention is mainly comprised of refining furnace, rectifying tower, condenser, frequency cored induction furnace with the equipment of zinc, being linked as of technology chain: the zinc liquid that refining furnace fusing produces is connected with rectifying tower by insulation measuring apparatus, the top of container is connected with condenser by chute, and the 0# zinc liquid of condensation is connected with frequency cored induction furnace and is picked out finished product hot dip zinc by storage zinc pond; The bottom of the rectifying tower closed loop that is connected with refining furnace.Rectifying tower of the present invention is comprised of SiC section bar, is connected with Heat Room with combustion chamber, and air is sent into combustion chamber through Heat Room, and natural gas straight taps into into combustion chamber, and heating by the exhaust gases air is discharged by chimney; Refining furnace is comprised of melting pool and treating pond; Frequency cored induction furnace is power frequency electric furnace.
After the 0# zinc liquid of producing, can add direct fusion in line frequency furnace to produce the required metallic element of alloy, proportioning is produced pot galvanize alloy, has cancelled the process links that traditional employing master alloy is produced hot-dip galvanized alloy.For example the patent No. is that mono-kind of 200910094234.6 < < produces the combination metallurgical furnace of zinc alloy and the production combination method > > of zinc alloy needs a frequency cored induction furnace and at least two line frequency coreless induction furnaces to produce.
The patent No. is joining in cored electric furnace again and produce hot-dip galvanized alloy with line frequency coreless electric furnace production master alloy > > of proposing in 200910259545.3 < < hot-dip galvanized alloy production methods, and the smelting temperature of power frequency cored electric furnace carries out between (500~540 ℃).And in this patent, only utilize the frequency cored induction furnace can production hot dip zinc alloy, and smelting temperature is controlled at 460~480 ℃, the stirring body material of power frequency cored electric furnace is stainless steel, and zinc liquid temperature is lower, more can reduce the ferrous components of bringing into while stirring.By this method and not only reduced equipment investment, reduced the energy consumption of unit product, and do not caused segregation phenomena in application process.
The design of twice slagging-off operation of the present invention has the following advantages: 1, slagging-off efficiency is high; 2, safe; 3, be not easy to stop up, maintenance cost is low.
The liquid metal that plumbous tower fails to evaporate flows into liquating furnace through lower extending part, its waste heat energy effectively helps fusing newly to add cadmia raw material, after auxiliary Sweet natural gas melt raw material, waste residue floats over behind liquid metal surface, can once remove the gred, remove most of scum silica frost, through the liquid metal once removing the gred, handling to smelting furnace is incubated, and carries out secondary slagging-off, the cadmia purity of guaranteeing to enter tower tray between soak again, can effectively prevent that tower tray from stopping up, greatly reduce security incident and occur, and extend the work-ing life of plumbous tower, effectively reduce production costs.
In present device, exchanging hot cell transforms: lacked coal gas flue, specifically have the following advantages: because Zinc Factory of Huludao produces in 0# zinc process, adopt coal gas as energy medium, waste gas of combustion chamber utilizes waste gas residual heat to carry out preheating to entering air, the coal gas of combustion chamber at Heat Room in by Heat Room chimney discharge process, Heat Room cylinder brick owing to building by laying bricks or stones, duration of service etc. reason, make waste gas, coal gas, the damaged leakage of the airtight flue of air, cause explosion hazard.For this reason, the present invention draws above-mentioned security incident lesson, and transformation has been carried out redesigning in exchange hot cell, natural gas line is directly passed into combustion chamber internal combustion, no longer pass through this link of Heat Room preheating, effectively avoided the situation of natural gas leaking to occur, safety performance improves greatly.Since test is produced, there is not the situation of a cause leakage contribution safety in production, thoroughly solve potential safety hazard, guarantee to produce and carry out smoothly.