CN103598489B - 提高菠萝果实中香气成分含量的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种提高菠萝果实中香气成分含量的方法,所述香气成分为3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯、3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯和3-甲硫基丙醇。所述方法包括:选择6~8成熟的菠萝果实;用含甲硫氨酸5~30mmol/L、蔗糖2.0~5.0g/L和吐温-8020~30mL/L的溶液对选取的所述菠萝果实进行处理;将所述菠萝果实在所述溶液中浸泡10~12分钟后取出,置于25~30℃的培养条件下,培养24~36小时。利用该方法,可提高菠萝果实中的香气成分含量,尤其是使3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量提高到对照的1.5~5倍;使3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯提高1倍以上;3-甲硫基丙醇从对照没有或含量很低到处理后含量提高4~40倍,而且所有成分对人体无害。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提高果实品质的方法,具体涉及一种提高菠萝果实中香气成分3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯、3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯和3-甲硫基丙醇含量的方法。
背景技术
菠萝(Ananas comosus[L.]Merr)是我国热带、亚热带地区著名水果之一,其果实营养丰富,味香独特,甜酸可口,深受消费者喜爱。菠萝含有大量的果糖,葡萄糖,维生素A、B、C,磷,柠檬酸和蛋白酶等物。菠萝不仅用于鲜食,而且是加工罐头、果汁、果酱、果酒、提取菠萝蛋白酶等重要的原材料。
芳香物质是菠萝果实的重要品质因素之一。无论用于鲜食的果实还是加工后的果脯、果酒或罐头等成品,其都是评价产品优劣的一个重要方面,怡人的香气总是优质菠萝及其制品吸引消费者和增强市场竞争力的重要因素之一。但由于近年来,菠萝品种的退化、生产上化学药剂及化肥的不当使用,导致菠萝在增产的同时,引起香气等品质却下降。
3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯、3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯是菠萝重要的香气成分。3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯,又称菠萝乙酯,具有浓烈的肉香、蒜和洋葱香,稀释时带有菠萝甜香。3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯,又称菠萝甲酯,具有极强烈刺鼻的菠萝香气及似洋葱气味。3-甲硫基丙醇,又称菠萝醇,天然品存在于番茄、葡萄酒及酱油的挥发成分中。GB2760--1996规定为暂时允许使用的食品用香料,具有强烈的圆葱、肉臭味,稀释会出现酱油气味。目前尚无专门针对提高菠萝香气的方法,如果寻找一种方法能提高菠萝果实的这些香气成分含量,并且这种方法对人体是无害的,将有助于菠萝产业的发展,因此寻找一种有效的提高菠萝果实香气成分含量的方法非常重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够提高菠萝果实中香气成分3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯、3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯和3-甲硫基丙醇含量的方法,用该有效而且无害的方法可以提高菠萝果实中香气成分的含量。
为了解决上述问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种提高菠萝果实中香气成分含量的方法,所述香气成分为3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯、3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯和3-甲硫基丙醇;所述方法包括:
选择6~8成熟的菠萝果实;
用含甲硫氨酸5~30mmol/L、蔗糖2.0~5.0g/L和吐温-8020~30mL/L的溶液对选取的所述菠萝果实进行处理;
将所述菠萝果实在所述溶液中浸泡10~12分钟后取出,置于25~30℃的培养条件下,培养24~36小时。
本发明的有益效果是:以无害的食品添加剂对菠萝果实进行处理,提高了果实香气成分含量。经过多次的实验表明,能显著提高菠萝果实的香气成分含量。具体地,使3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量提高到对照的1.5~5倍;使3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯提高1倍以上;3-甲硫基丙醇从对照没有或含量很低到处理后含量提高4~40倍。这为提高菠萝果实香气品质提供了一种全新的有效的而且对人体无害的方法,同时也为3-甲硫基丙醇的生物合成提供了一种新方法。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明,这些实施例仅用来说明本发明,并不限制本发明的范围。
一种提高菠萝果实中香气成分含量的方法,其中香气成分为3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯、3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯和3-甲硫基丙醇;该方法包括:
选择6~8成熟的菠萝果实,优选无病虫害的菠萝果实;
用含甲硫氨酸5~30mmol/L、蔗糖2.0~5.0g/L和吐温-8020~30mL/L的溶液对选取的菠萝果实进行处理;
将菠萝果实在上述溶液中浸泡10~12分钟后取出,置于25~30℃的培养条件下,培养24~36小时。
以上处理菠萝果实的溶液中所含各组分均为食品添加剂,因此该溶液对人体无害。
实施例1
取30个成熟度为6~8成的菠萝果实,用含甲硫氨酸5mmol/L、蔗糖2.0g/L、吐温-8020mL/L的溶液,浸泡10分钟,放入25℃的培养条件下,培养24小时。以同批样品不经任何处理的果肉作为对照。取6.5g果肉样品混匀放入顶空瓶中,采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪法分析香气成分。具体地,将65um PDMS/DVB萃取头伸入顶空瓶吸附40min,进样口250℃解吸附2.5min,经谱库检索确定香气成分,并用峰面积表示成分的含量,通过比较峰面积确定样品含量提高与否。对照样品果肉检测出3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯的峰面积为31930816,3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯为2323347,3-甲硫基丙醇为3160383;经上述处理的样品采用同样的分析方法得到的峰面积分别为48055930,、4327692、12657892,即3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量提高到对照的1.5倍;3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯含量提高1.9倍;3-甲硫基丙醇含量提高到对照的4倍。由此说明,这种方法能显著提高菠萝果实中香气成分3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯和3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量,有助于果实香气品质的提高,还有助于3-甲硫基丙醇在菠萝果实中大量生物合成。
实施例2
取30个成熟度为6~8成的菠萝果实,用含甲硫氨酸10mmol/L、蔗糖3.0g/L,吐温-8025mL/L的溶液,浸泡10分钟,放入25℃的培养条件下,培养30小时。以同批样品不经任何处理的果肉作为对照。取6.5g果肉样品混匀放入顶空瓶中,采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪法分析香气成分。具体地,将65um PDMS/DVB萃取头伸入顶空瓶吸附40min,进样口250℃解吸附2.5min,经谱库检索确定香气成分,并用峰面积表示成分的含量,通过比较峰面积确定样品含量提高与否。对照样品果肉检测出3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯的峰面积为31930816,3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯为2323347,3-甲硫基丙醇为3160383;经上述处理的样品采用同样的分析方法得到的峰面积分别为64063328、3353747、20422291,即3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量提高到对照的2倍;3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯含量提高1.4倍;3-甲硫基丙醇含量提高到对照的6倍。说明这种方法能显著提高菠萝果实中香气成分3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯和3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量,有助于果实香气品质的提高,还有助于3-甲硫基丙醇在菠萝果实中大量生物合成。
实施例3
取30个成熟度为6~8成的菠萝果实,用含甲硫氨酸15mmol/L、蔗糖4.0g/L、吐温-8025mL/L的溶液,浸泡11分钟,放入30℃的培养条件下,培养30小时。以同批样品不加任何处理的果肉作为对照。取6.5g果肉样品混匀放入顶空瓶中,采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪法分析香气成分。具体地,将65um PDMS/DVB萃取头伸入顶空瓶吸附40min,进样口250℃解吸附2.5min,经谱库检索确定香气成分,并用峰面积表示成分的含量,通过比较峰面积确定样品含量提高与否。对照样品果肉检测出3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯的峰面积为31930816,3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯为2323347,3-甲硫基丙醇为3160383;经上述处理的样品采用同样的分析方法得到的峰面积分别为80034020、3717366、57253447,即3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量提高到对照的2.5倍;3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯含量提高1.5倍;3-甲硫基丙醇含量提高到对照的18倍。说明这种方法能显著提高菠萝果实中香气成分3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯和3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量,有助于果实香气品质的提高,还有助于3-甲硫基丙醇在菠萝果实中大量生物合成。
实施例4
取30个成熟度为6~8成的菠萝果实,用含甲硫氨酸20mmol/L、蔗糖4.0g/L、吐温-8030mL/L的溶液,浸泡12分钟,放入25℃的培养条件下,培养36小时。以同批样品不加任何处理的果肉作为对照。取6.5g果肉样品混匀放入顶空瓶中,采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪法分析香气成分。具体地,将65um PDMS/DVB萃取头伸入顶空瓶吸附40min,进样口250℃解吸附2.5min,经谱库检索确定香气成分,并用峰面积表示成分的含量,通过比较峰面积确定样品含量提高与否。对照样品果肉检测出3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯的峰面积为31930816,3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯为2323347,3-甲硫基丙醇为3160383;经上述处理的样品采用同样的分析方法得到的峰面积分别为112157256、3241742、85034156,即3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量提高到对照的3.5倍;3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯含量提高到对照的1.4倍左右;3-甲硫基丙醇含量提高到对照的27倍。说明这种方法能显著提高菠萝果实中香气成分3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯和3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量,有助于果实香气品质的提高,还有助于3-甲硫基丙醇在菠萝果实中大量生物合成。
实施例5
取30个成熟度为6~8成的菠萝果实,用含甲硫氨酸30mmol/L、蔗糖5.0g/L,吐温-2030mL/L的溶液,浸泡12分钟,放入30℃的培养条件下,培养36小时。以同批样品不加任何处理的果肉作为对照。取6.5g果肉样品混匀放入顶空瓶中,采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪法分析香气成分。具体地,将65um PDMS/DVB萃取头伸入顶空瓶吸附40min,进样口250℃解吸附2.5min,经谱库检索确定香气成分,并用峰面积表示成分的含量,通过比较峰面积确定样品含量提高与否。对照样品果肉检测出3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯的峰面积为31930816,3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯为2323347,3-甲硫基丙醇为3160383;经上述处理的样品采用同样的分析方法得到的峰面积分别为130425487、3802133、126415320,即3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量提高到对照的4倍;3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯含量提高1.6倍;3-甲硫基丙醇含量提高到对照的40倍,说明这种方法能显著提高菠萝果实中香气成分3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯和3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯含量,有助于果实香气品质的提高,还有助于3-甲硫基丙醇在菠萝果实中大量生物合成。
Claims (1)
1.一种提高菠萝果实中香气成分含量的方法,所述香气成分为3-甲硫基丙酸甲酯、3-甲硫基丙酸乙酯和3-甲硫基丙醇;
其特征在于,包括:
选择6~8成熟的菠萝果实;
用含甲硫氨酸5~30mmol/L、蔗糖2.0~5.0g/L和吐温-8020~30mL/L的溶液对选取的所述菠萝果实进行处理;
将所述菠萝果实在所述溶液中浸泡10~12分钟后取出,置于25~30℃的培养条件下,培养24~36小时。
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