CN103595236A - Photovoltaic inverter starting-up control method, device and solar power generation system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic inverter starting-up control method, device and solar power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An embodiment of the invention discloses a photovoltaic inverter starting-up control method, a device and a solar power generation system. The photovoltaic inverter starting-up control method comprises the steps of detecting open-circuit voltage of a photovoltaic cell; detecting current environment temperature if detected open-circuit voltage is higher than maximum starting voltage of a photovoltaic inverter; confirming whether the detected open-circuit voltage meets the starting condition of the photovoltaic inverter or not according to relation between the environment temperature and the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell; connecting at least one load to the output end of the photovoltaic cell so as to reduce output end voltage if the detected open-circuit voltage meets the starting condition of the photovoltaic inverter, and starting up the photovoltaic inverter when the output end voltage of the photovoltaic cell is not higher than the starting voltage. When the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell is overhigh due to temperature change, a open-circuit voltage value is initiatively reduced to ensure normal starting-up work of the photovoltaic inverter by adopting the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy generation technology field, relate in particular to a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method, device and solar power system.
Background technology
Day by day serious along with world energy sources shortage and problem of environmental pollution, the energy and environment become the great basic problem that the 21st century mankind face, the development of clean regenerative resource and apply the extensive concern that is more and more subject to countries in the world.Solar energy, as a kind of clean, safe, green regenerative resource, becomes one of main alternative energy source having highly polluted property fossil energy just gradually.In recent decades, solar photovoltaic technology has obtained unprecedented development, and wherein parallel network power generation technology has become one of major way utilizing now solar energy source.Carry out the research of solar photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting inversion system, for alleviating the energy and environmental problem, study high-performance distributed electricity generation system, open up the advanced technology of wide photovoltaic generation market and grasp association area, there is great theory and realistic meaning.
It is mainly the open circuit voltage based on photovoltaic cell that the start of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is controlled, when between minimum cut-in voltage in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell and maximum cut-in voltage, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts normal operation, the direct current of photovoltaic cell output is converted to alternating current and exports to AC load, when the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is less than the minimum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter or is greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, in holding state, stops output AC electricity.
But; because the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell can be subject to the impact of temperature and irradiance; for the completely normal solar power system of function; under low temperature high irradiance condition; the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell still has may be higher than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; cause photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter cannot open because of overvoltage protection, affect energy output, and then can bring the loss in income to user.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention technical problem to be solved is, former for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter possibility Yin Wendu in prior art thereby cannot open defect, a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method, device and solar power system are provided, can be when causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage too high because of variations in temperature, reduce the value of open circuit voltage, guarantee the work of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normal boot-strap.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method, comprising:
The open circuit voltage that detects photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when open-circuit condition;
If the open circuit voltage detecting, higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, detects current ambient temperature;
According to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter;
If detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, at the output of described photovoltaic cell, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell starts described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during not higher than described maximum starting resistor.
Wherein, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises to reduce the step of output end voltage:
Unlatching is connected to the fan of the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
Wherein, describedly according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
Set in advance the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
According to detected open circuit voltage, whether belong to the corresponding normal domain of walker of detected ambient temperature, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, describedly according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
The temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set;
According to detected ambient temperature, on described curve, search corresponding normal open circuit voltage;
According to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, whether meet described permissible error scope, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises to reduce the step of output end voltage:
When detected ambient temperature is during lower than first threshold, open heater and the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage;
When detected ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device, comprising:
Voltage detection module, for detection of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when open-circuit condition;
Temperature sense module, during higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, detects current ambient temperature for the open circuit voltage that detects when described voltage detection module;
Start judge module, for determining according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter;
Voltage reduction module, when judging that when described startup judge module open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor;
Inverter control module, starts described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during not higher than described maximum starting resistor for the output end voltage when photovoltaic cell.
Wherein, described startup judge module comprises:
First arranges module, for setting in advance the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
The first judge module, for whether belong to the corresponding normal domain of walker of detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, described startup judge module comprises:
Second arranges module, for the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set;
Search module, for search corresponding normal open circuit voltage on described curve according to detected ambient temperature;
The second judge module, for whether meeting described permissible error scope according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, described voltage reduction module comprises:
The 3rd judge module, for judging that whether ambient temperature that described temperature sense module detects is lower than first threshold;
Load opening module, for when described the 3rd judge module is judged ambient temperature lower than first threshold, opens heater and the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage; Also, for when described the 3rd judge module judges that ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of solar power system, comprise photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the output of described photovoltaic cell is connected with the DC side of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, described solar power system also comprises at least one load of the output that is connected to photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device described in above any one, and described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device is electrically connected to described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: when causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage to be greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter at low temperature, output at photovoltaic cell is communicated with load, because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell is very soft, as long as add a bit little load, output end voltage will decline more; Than only by detecting photovoltaic cell output end voltage whether within the scope of start and then the method for passive start, the embodiment of the present invention has been done step-down initiatively and has been processed, be conducive to reduce the possibility that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under extreme conditions cannot be started shooting, improved the generating efficiency of solar power system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the solar power system that provides of fifth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device that provides of sixth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is an example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module provided by the invention;
Fig. 8 is another example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Photovoltaic cell is directly light energy conversion to be become to the device of electric energy by photoelectric effect or Photochemical effects.Solar irradiation, on semiconductor p-n junction, forms new hole--duplet.Under the effect of p-n junction electric field, hole flows to p district by n district, and electronics flows to n district by p district, after connection circuit, just forms electric current.What photovoltaic cell was exported is direct voltage, because daily electronic product adopts AC-powered conventionally, therefore, in solar power system, often needs to use photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that direct current is converted to alternating current.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter tends to have a minimum cut-in voltage and a maximum cut-in voltage, and these two magnitudes of voltage record often under a certain specified temp and irradiance condition.In solar power system, usually there will be the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell excessive situation of (being greater than maximum cut-in voltage), causes the reason of this situation to comprise the lower and components and parts fault of temperature.Existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can not normally be opened when the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is excessive, can only be in holding state.
But if the components and parts of solar power system are all completely normal, only, because temperature is former thereby cannot open photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, this can reduce the operating efficiency of electricity generation system undoubtedly.Therefore, in this application, in order to evade this problem, some active measures have been adopted.
Referring to Fig. 1, is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of first embodiment of the invention, and the method comprises:
The open circuit voltage of S101, detection photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when open-circuit condition.Particularly, the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell refers to the output end voltage in photovoltaic cell zero load (open circuit) situation, can utilize common voltage check device (such as digital multimeter etc.) to measure the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell.
Whether S102, the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement be higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S102 is that the open circuit voltage detecting, higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represents that the output voltage of photovoltaic cell is too high, can not normally start inverter, therefore performs step S103.S103, detect current ambient temperature.For example, can detect current ambient temperature by temperature sensor.
S104, according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Particularly, can be in advance rule of thumb and by test of many times, determine the value of the photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions.Preferably, because the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is also subject to the impact of irradiance, preferably in advance rule of thumb and determine the span of the photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions by test of many times.More preferably, although cannot record the exact value of irradiance, but can irradiance be divided into several intervals according to weather, sunshine duration, residing period etc., determine respectively in each interval the span of photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under condition of different temperatures.If detected open circuit voltage meets predetermined value or span, represent that detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If detected open circuit voltage does not meet predetermined value or span, represent that detected open circuit voltage does not meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S104 is that detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represents that the too high open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell causes because temperature is too low, next performs step S105.S105, at the output of described photovoltaic cell, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor.The output of photovoltaic cell is connected with the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, if the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side is excessive, may burn photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell is very soft, as long as add a bit little load, output end voltage will decline more.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, the output of taking the initiative at photovoltaic cell increases loaded mode, and to reduce the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, to open photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter ready for normal.Next perform step S106.
S106, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.After photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts, the direct current of its DC side input can be changed, electric for user at its AC output AC.
If the determination result is NO for step S104, detected open circuit voltage does not meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represents that the too high open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, because fault causes, can not normally start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, to avoid danger.Therefore, this method flow process finishes.
If the determination result is NO for step S102, the open circuit voltage detecting, higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, next can directly not perform step S106.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detecting is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detecting is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that current intensity of illumination is inadequate, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normal operation, can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detecting is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, can normally start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, when causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage to be greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter at low temperature, output at photovoltaic cell is communicated with load, because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell is very soft, as long as add a bit little load, output end voltage will decline more; Than only by detecting photovoltaic cell output end voltage whether within the scope of start and then the method for passive start, the embodiment of the present invention has been done step-down initiatively and has been processed, be conducive to reduce the possibility that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under extreme conditions cannot be started shooting, improved the generating efficiency of solar power system.
Referring to Fig. 2, is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of second embodiment of the invention, and the method comprises:
S201, set in advance the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures.Particularly, can be at definite solar power system without fault in the situation that, measure in advance the open circuit voltage that obtains photovoltaic cell at various temperature, by the repeatedly measurement under different irradiance conditions, can determine the normal domain of walker of photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions.That is to say, as long as in the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell normal domain of walker under relevant temperature, just can think circuit fault-free, meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
The open circuit voltage of S202, detection photovoltaic cell.
Whether S203, the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement be higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S203 is to perform step S204.S204, detect current ambient temperature.
S205, according to detected open circuit voltage, whether belong to the corresponding normal domain of walker of detected ambient temperature, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S205 is to perform step S206.S206, at the output of described photovoltaic cell, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor.Next perform step S207.
S207, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the determination result is NO for step S205, this method flow process finishes.
If the determination result is NO for step S203, directly perform step S207.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detecting is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detecting is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that current intensity of illumination is inadequate, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normal operation, can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detecting is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, can normally start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
In the present embodiment, the Rule of judgment of the open circuit voltage setting in advance consists of discrete point, requires temperature measurement accuracy higher.In addition, owing to need to determining the normal domain of walker of open circuit voltage under each temperature value, must cause measuring process loaded down with trivial details.Although when profit judges in this way, accuracy rate is higher, can increase the weight of undoubtedly designer's work load, increase manpower and materials cost.
Referring to Fig. 3, is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of third embodiment of the invention, and the method comprises:
The temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of S301, pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set.Particularly, can be at definite solar power system without fault in the situation that, measure to obtain in advance under normal irradiance condition while normally starting (be photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter modal irradiance) photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage when different temperatures, according to measurement result, draw the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell; Then rule of thumb and/or test of many times obtain permissible error scope.That is to say, if in measured photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage and curve under relevant temperature normally the error between open circuit voltage within the scope of permissible error, just can think circuit fault-free, meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can also be under high irradiance condition (be that irradiance is while causing maximum effect to the rising of photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, fine day positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m for example) measure the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell when different temperatures, thereby draw the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell.
The open circuit voltage of S302, detection photovoltaic cell.
Whether S303, the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement be higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S303 is to perform step S304.S304, detect current ambient temperature.
S305, according to detected ambient temperature, on described curve, search corresponding normal open circuit voltage.
S306, according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, whether meet described permissible error scope, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S306 is to perform step S307.S307, at the output of described photovoltaic cell, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor.Next perform step S308.
S308, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the determination result is NO for step S306, this method flow process finishes.
If the determination result is NO for step S303, directly perform step S308.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detecting is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detecting is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that current intensity of illumination is inadequate, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normal operation, can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detecting is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, can normally start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
In step S105, S206, S307, the load being communicated with at the output (being the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter) of photovoltaic cell can be the electronic equipment originally just having in solar power system, such as fan, heater etc.So not only can simplify circuit structure, and, owing to no longer introducing extra electronic component, can also reduce costs, improve the competitiveness of product in market.But, it should be noted that fan, heater etc. is generally the AC that is connected to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in existing solar power system, by AC-powered; And in embodiments of the present invention, circulation is in the load of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side DC load (such as DC fan, DC heating device etc.) preferably, if still use AC load, must be communicated with at the output of photovoltaic cell a current transfer device, direct current is converted to alternating current AC load power supply in this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side to circulation.
Preferably, fan is connected to the output of photovoltaic cell, in step S105, S206, S307, only needs to open fan.Because solar power system is in utilizing the process of solar power generation, various electronic equipment runnings can produce a large amount of heats, for fear of high temperature, burn out electronic equipment, increase the service life, often need to after photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts normal operation, open fan dispels the heat, in this scheme, be only that the step of opening fan is shifted to an earlier date, do not cause the waste of energy.
Preferably, sometimes photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage is too high, only opens fan and may be not enough to voltage drop to arrive desirable value, therefore heater also can also be connected to the output of photovoltaic cell, also needs heater in step S105, S206, S307.Because solar power plant is arranged in arduous wild environment conventionally, under the condition that the weather is cold and the ground is frozen, must start heater and improve ambient temperature, avoid electronic equipment to break down because freezing.Heater also often starts just to open after normal operation at photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, in this scheme, by the step of heater in advance, does not cause the waste of energy.But heater can only could be opened when temperature is low to moderate certain condition, if heater when temperature is higher also can cause electronic failure, affects useful life.
Referring to Fig. 4, is the flow chart of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method that provides of fourth embodiment of the invention, and the method comprises:
The open circuit voltage of S401, detection photovoltaic cell.
Whether S402, the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement be higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S402 is to perform step S403.S403, detect current ambient temperature.
S404, according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If judgment result is that of step S404 is to perform step S405.S405, judge that whether detected ambient temperature is lower than first threshold, first threshold is lower than zero degrees celsius conventionally.
If judgment result is that of step S405 is to perform step S406.S406, the heater of opening the output be connected to described photovoltaic cell and fan to be to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Next perform step S408.
If the determination result is NO for step S405, perform step S407.S407, only open the output be connected to described photovoltaic cell fan to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Next perform step S408.
S408, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the determination result is NO for step S404, this method flow process finishes.
If the determination result is NO for step S402, directly perform step S408.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detecting is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that detects of judgement whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detecting is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that current intensity of illumination is inadequate, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normal operation, can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detecting is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, can normally start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the load in S105, S206, S307 can also be the common electronic components such as resistance that are connected to photovoltaic cell output, can be preferably that a plurality of resistance is parallel with one another.These resistance can be adjustable resistances, can be also fixed value resistances; If fixed value resistance, each resistance also needs a switch in parallel.Certainly, can increase extra electronic component like this, raise the cost, and waste energy.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the solar power system that provides of fifth embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, the output at photovoltaic cell 1 is connected with at least one (only showing three in figure) load 3 parallel with one another.As mentioned above, load 3 can be the original fan of system, heater, can be also the extra electronic components such as resistance that increase.Fan and heater all can be controlled opening and closing by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter control device 4; The adjustable side of adjustable resistance also can be by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 regulating and controlling; Fixed value resistance need to be connected with switch, and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 carrys out the connected state of controlling resistance by control switch.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 is also electrically connected to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2, to control the operating state of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
Referring to Fig. 6, is the structural representation of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 that provides of sixth embodiment of the invention, and this device 4 comprises:
The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, when causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage to be greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter at low temperature, output at photovoltaic cell 1 is communicated with load 3, because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell 1 is very soft, as long as add a bit little load 3, output end voltage will decline more; Than only by detecting photovoltaic cell 1 output end voltage whether within the scope of start and then the method for passive start, the embodiment of the present invention has been done step-down initiatively and has been processed, be conducive to reduce the possibility that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 under extreme conditions cannot be started shooting, improved the generating efficiency of solar power system.
Referring to Fig. 7, is an example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module 43 provided by the invention, starts judge module 43 and comprises:
First arranges module 431, for setting in advance the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 under different temperatures.Particularly, can be at definite solar power system without fault in the situation that, measure in advance the open circuit voltage that obtains photovoltaic cell 1 at various temperature, by the repeatedly measurement under different irradiance conditions, can determine the normal domain of walker of photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions.That is to say, as long as in the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell 1 normal domain of walker under relevant temperature, just can think circuit fault-free, meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
The first judge module 432, for whether belong to the corresponding normal domain of walker of detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
In the present embodiment, the Rule of judgment of the open circuit voltage setting in advance consists of discrete point, requires temperature measurement accuracy higher.In addition, owing to need to determining the normal domain of walker of open circuit voltage under each temperature value, must cause measuring process loaded down with trivial details.Although when profit judges in this way, accuracy rate is higher, can increase the weight of undoubtedly designer's work load, increase manpower and materials cost.
Referring to Fig. 8, is another example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module 43 provided by the invention, starts judge module 43 and comprises:
Second arranges module 433, for the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell 1, and permissible error scope is set.Particularly, can be at definite solar power system without fault in the situation that, measure in advance and obtain (modal irradiance while being photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 normal startup) photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage when different temperatures under normal irradiance condition, according to measurement result, draw the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1; Then rule of thumb and/or test of many times obtain permissible error scope.That is to say, if in measured photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage and curve under relevant temperature normally the error between open circuit voltage within the scope of permissible error, just can think circuit fault-free, meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.Those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can also be under high irradiance condition (be that irradiance is while causing maximum effect to the rising of photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage, fine day positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m for example) measure the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 when different temperatures, thereby draw the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1.
Search module 434, for the ambient temperature detecting according to described temperature sense module 42, on described curve, search corresponding normal open circuit voltage.
The second judge module 435, for the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell 1 that detects according to voltage detection module 41 and the error between described normal open circuit voltage, whether meet described permissible error scope, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
Preferably, fan is connected to the output of photovoltaic cell 1,44 of voltage reduction modules need to open fan.Because solar power system is in utilizing the process of solar power generation, various electronic equipment runnings can produce a large amount of heats, for fear of high temperature, burn out electronic equipment, increase the service life, often need to after photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 starts normal operation, open fan dispels the heat, in this scheme, be only that the step of opening fan is shifted to an earlier date, do not cause the waste of energy.
Preferably, sometimes photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage is too high, only opens fan and may be not enough to voltage drop to arrive desirable value, therefore heater also can also be connected to the output of photovoltaic cell 1, and voltage reduction module 44 also needs heater.Because solar power plant is arranged in arduous wild environment conventionally, under the condition that the weather is cold and the ground is frozen, must start heater and improve ambient temperature, avoid electronic equipment to break down because freezing.Heater also often starts just to open after normal operation at photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2, in this scheme, by the step of heater in advance, does not cause the waste of energy.But heater can only could be opened when temperature is low to moderate certain condition, if heater when temperature is higher also can cause electronic failure, affects useful life.
Therefore, preferably, voltage reduction module 44 can comprise: the 3rd judge module, and for judging that whether ambient temperature that described temperature sense module 42 detects is lower than first threshold, first threshold is lower than zero degrees celsius conventionally; Load opening module, for when described the 3rd judge module is judged ambient temperature lower than first threshold, unlatching is connected to heater and the fan of the output of described photovoltaic cell 1, to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; Load opening module is also for when described the 3rd judge module judges that ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell 1, to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process realizing in above-described embodiment method, to come the hardware that instruction is relevant to complete by computer program, described program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, this program, when carrying out, can comprise as the flow process of the embodiment of above-mentioned each side method.Wherein, described storage medium can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only store-memory body (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random store-memory body (Random Access Memory, RAM) etc.
Above disclosed is only a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly can not limit with this interest field of the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process that realizes above-described embodiment, and the equivalent variations of doing according to the claims in the present invention, still belong to the scope that invention is contained.
Claims (10)
1. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method, is characterized in that, comprising:
The open circuit voltage that detects photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when open-circuit condition;
If the open circuit voltage detecting, higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, detects current ambient temperature;
According to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter;
If detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, at the output of described photovoltaic cell, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell starts described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during not higher than described maximum starting resistor.
2. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises to reduce the step of output end voltage:
Unlatching is connected to the fan of the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
3. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
Set in advance the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
According to detected open circuit voltage, whether belong to the corresponding normal domain of walker of detected ambient temperature, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
4. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage, determine that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
The temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set;
According to detected ambient temperature, on described curve, search corresponding normal open circuit voltage;
According to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, whether meet described permissible error scope, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
5. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises to reduce the step of output end voltage:
When detected ambient temperature is during lower than first threshold, open heater and the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage;
When detected ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
6. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Voltage detection module, for detection of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when open-circuit condition;
Temperature sense module, during higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, detects current ambient temperature for the open circuit voltage that detects when described voltage detection module;
Start judge module, for determining according to the relation between ambient temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter;
Voltage reduction module, when judging that when described startup judge module open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor;
Inverter control module, starts described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during not higher than described maximum starting resistor for the output end voltage when photovoltaic cell.
7. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described startup judge module comprises:
First arranges module, for setting in advance the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
The first judge module, for whether belong to the corresponding normal domain of walker of detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
8. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described startup judge module comprises:
Second arranges module, for the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set;
Search module, for search corresponding normal open circuit voltage on described curve according to detected ambient temperature;
The second judge module, for whether meeting described permissible error scope according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
9. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described voltage reduction module comprises:
The 3rd judge module, for judging that whether ambient temperature that described temperature sense module detects is lower than first threshold;
Load opening module, for when described the 3rd judge module is judged ambient temperature lower than first threshold, opens heater and the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage; Also, for when described the 3rd judge module judges that ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan of the output that is connected to described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
10. a solar power system, comprise photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the output of described photovoltaic cell is connected with the DC side of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, it is characterized in that, described solar power system also comprises at least one load and the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device as described in any one in claim 6-9 of the output that is connected to photovoltaic cell, and described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device is electrically connected to described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
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