CN103595116B - Miniature wind, optical, electrical, heat integration energy resource system - Google Patents
Miniature wind, optical, electrical, heat integration energy resource system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system, comprise light energy collecting conversion and wind collecting conversion equipment, also comprise electric heating element rheostat group, electrical equipment performs middle controller, system mode controller, wind/light complementation controller, storage heater, storage battery and inverter.Electric energy output end of light energy collecting conversion equipment and wind collecting conversion equipment is connected respectively to the first electrified terminal and second electrified terminal of wind/light complementation controller, the electrified terminal of the first electric energy output end sub-connection storage battery of wind/light complementation controller, the electrified terminal of the second electric energy output end sub-connection storage heater of wind/light complementation controller; First control signal output of system mode controller connects the control signal input of wind/light complementation controller.The working status parameter of each equipment carries out Real-time Collection by transducer, is connected with data communication bus.The equipment of guarantee realizes the conversion to greatest extent of the energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy storage device, particularly relate to the storage device that a kind of energy is changed with different shape.
Background technology
China's area is vast in territory, and also often living in remote districts has the residential area of scattered distribution or small-sized residential area.Simultaneously on grassland, plateau and region, forest land, be engaged in animal husbandry, the floating population of mining activities and production unit in addition in a large number.Cannot provide electric energy or heat energy with central energy supply pattern for it by natural conditions restriction, make them cannot obtain enough energy supplies, productive life is all extremely restricted.
In the prior art, the heat regenerator utilizing solid heat storage principle to be formed has had product to occur, substantially can meet the demand of electric energy conversion thermal energy, thermal energy storage, amount slow-release under central energy supply pattern under stable power-supplying.
But cannot realize central energy supply for remote districts, current solution route utilizes wind energy or luminous energy to produce part energy conversion as far as possible, but by natural conditions and single equipment functional limitation, poor effect.
Wind-driven generator is under different wind-force wind speed, the voltage and current sent is different, and the electric heating element group impedance of storage heater is fixed, the instantaneous operating mode adapting to generator cannot be adjusted according to generating state under the different wind-force of wind-driven generator thereupon, make between the Matching band between wind speed and storage heater narrow, cause efficient energy conversion limited.Equally, the storage of solar energy limits by battery capacity, and the power output of storage battery benefits from the impact of electric appliance load, makes cannot mate with storage battery high-power output interval between the efficient charging zone of storage battery, causes solar energy to transform electric energy efficiency limited.And the heat accumulation temperature of storage heater often designs at about 750 DEG C, thermal insulation layer is adopted to carry out heat insulation to storage heater high-temperature heat accumulation pond part, the heat-storing material in accumulation of heat pond mainly comprises sensible heat heat-storing material, phase change heat storage material, heat chemistry heat-storing material and adsorptive heat-storage material and concentrates type, more efficient material has the solid oxidation magnesium of high-temperature roasting, the radiation of load resistance heat temperature raising is made, magnesium oxide heat absorption and heat storage to electric energy conversion by the energy.When accumulation of heat pond temperature reaches 750 DEG C, storage heater skin temperature design load is (China's household electric heating installation regulation and stipulation is less than 110 DEG C) below 105 DEG C, and according to the design's specification, in energy conversion process, the impact of change on heat storage efficiency of voltage, electric current is huge.In the wild under sunshine, wind-force, temperature and the impact of the integrated environment factor of period, wind energy, solar energy transform often can not carry out high efficiency energy conversion to storage heater, makes storage heater accumulation of heat not enough.And when wind energy, solar energy occur that limit value transforms, storage heater heat-accumulating process can not respond again in time, the energy is caused to run off in vain.If carry out Conversion of Energy under the extreme condition of design specification, potential hazard can be brought to the useful life of each equipment again.
Under prior art conditions, usually controllable silicon (thyristor) combinational circuit is utilized to complete traffic organising to high voltage and high electric current, therefore at the multi-form energy to electric energy conversion process, likely the electric energy of separate sources is merged effectively by ghyristor circuit, and allocate as required.
Switch matrix is extensive use in Auto-Test System, it is the key of the Interface design realizing test automatically, be responsible for the task that control signal flows to, likely switch matrix be applied on the electric heating element circuit of storage heater, complete the effect of adjustment accumulation of heat power.
Carry out high efficient coding to control signal stream, the technology also comparative maturity of line level power conversion of going forward side by side, is dealt into numerous controlled cells of same type by coding-control flow point, and realizing the time consistency controlling result, is that prior art can reliably realize completely.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system, solve the existing energy in electric heating conversion heat-accumulating process, energy instantaneous power cannot effectively be mated with the specified heat-accumulating process of storage heater, causes the technical problem of accumulation of heat inefficiency.
Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system of the present invention, comprise light energy collecting conversion equipment and wind collecting conversion equipment, also comprise electric heating element rheostat group, electrical equipment performs middle controller, system mode controller, wind/light complementation controller, storage heater, storage battery and inverter;
Electric energy output end of light energy collecting conversion equipment and wind collecting conversion equipment is connected respectively to the first electrified terminal and second electrified terminal of wind/light complementation controller, the electrified terminal of the first electric energy output end sub-connection storage battery of wind/light complementation controller, the direct current input circuit of the electric energy output end sub-connection inverter of storage battery, the interchange output loop connecting circuit load of inverter; The electrified terminal of the second electric energy output end sub-connection storage heater of wind/light complementation controller; First control signal output of system mode controller connects the control signal input of wind/light complementation controller, second control signal output connecting circuit of system mode controller performs the control signal input of middle controller, electrical equipment performs the control signal input of the control signal output connection electric heating element rheostat group of middle controller, and the control signal output of electric heating element rheostat group connects the controlled terminal of storage heater;
Electric heating element rheostat group, electrical equipment perform middle controller, wind/light complementation controller, storage battery and inverter, and the working status parameter of light energy collecting conversion equipment and wind collecting conversion equipment carries out Real-time Collection by corresponding transducer, the output loop of each transducer is connected on data communication bus by corresponding data terminal, and the data input output ports of system mode controller is connected with data communication bus; Form devices in system state signal collecting circuit, equipment control circuit and power transmission lines isolated.
System mode controller, for the working status parameter that equipment each in real-time reception system is transmitted by data communication bus, contrast with built-in signal transacting model, according to the variation tendency of each equipment working state parameter, generate two path control signal stream, one tunnel control signal stream is according to the operating voltage parameter of storage battery and inverter output power parameter, control the power flow direction of wind energy switching current and transform light energy electric current in wind/light complementation controller, another road control signal stream is according to the running parameter of light energy collecting conversion equipment and wind collecting conversion equipment, control the state of electric heating element rheostat group breaker in middle matrix,
Described electrical equipment performs middle controller, for input control signal is carried out coded modulation, carries out level translation and forms drive singal output;
Wind/light complementation controller, for connecting different electric energy input sources, flows to according to control signal adjustment power output;
Storage heater, for being converted to thermal energy storage by the electric energy of input;
Storage battery, for storing the electric energy of input, and to inverter power supply;
Inverter, for exporting electric energy according to electrical equipment load power.
Described electric heating element rheostat group comprises switch matrix and is connected with electric heating element in storage heater, wherein switch matrix is made up of relay K, electric heating element adopts resistant to elevated temperatures resistance R, several relay K are connected successively and are formed series relay circuit, several series relay circuit in parallel form Relay Switch Matrix, one or several resistance R in parallel at the two ends of each relay K, between adjacent two series relay, connect several series resistance R, each relay K performs middle controller by control circuit current collector and controls.
Described system mode controller comprises data input output ports, data processing unit, the first data storage cell, the second data storage cell, the first control data buffer unit and the second control data buffer unit;
Data input output ports, by communication bus, receives the operating state data of each equipment real-time Transmission, transmit data set data and alarm data;
Data processing unit, for receiving the operating state data of each equipment according to the time, the data set that synchronous working status data forms each equipment working state and time correlation stores, read the judgement parameter of the signal transacting model stored, the variation tendency of data intensive work state is judged, forms the control data for corresponding controlled plant and alarm data;
First data storage cell, for storage signal transaction module with judge parameter accordingly;
Second data storage cell, for storing associated data set, control data and alarm data;
First control data buffer unit, buffer memory, for the control data of wind/light complementation controller, carries out data retransmission according to follow-up control command;
Second control data buffer unit, buffer memory performs the control data of middle controller for electrical equipment, carries out buffer memory, carries out data retransmission according to follow-up control command.
Described storage heater is a closed box, from being provided with heat-dissipating casing, insulation material layer outside to inside, air heat insulating layer is formed between heat-dissipating casing and insulation material layer, solid heat storage material is filled in the cavity of insulation material layer, parallelly in the horizontal direction in heat-storing material offer some fixed vias, fixed via inwall is provided with screw thread, in fixed via, is fixed the resistance R of different resistance by screw thread; Lead-in wire is converged the first cable and the second cable that are formed and connect each resistance two ends respectively by each resistance by screw thread, first cable and the second cable are connected the switch matrix in electric heating element rheostat group through the reserved closed hole on closed box, outside insulation material layer, install heat-pump-type heat exchanger additional, by heat exchange by the thermal release in insulation material layer in air heat insulating layer.
Utilize described Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system to carry out the control method of energy conversion, comprise the following steps:
Solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group generates electricity separately;
S100, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group exports electric energy to wind/light complementation controller, and system mode controller controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller, exports electric energy to storage battery completely;
S110, system mode controller is by power output, the voltage of storage battery, the power output of inverter of data communication bus continuous collecting solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group;
S120, system mode controller is according to the power flow direction of the voltage drop trend adjustment wind/light complementation controller of the power output of inverter and storage battery;
S130, when the voltage decreasing rate of storage battery is lower than determining parameter value, and the power output of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group is higher than when determining parameter value, and the corresponding power of system mode controller adjustment wind/light complementation controller flows to storage heater.
Comprise the following steps:
Horizontal axis wind-driven generator group generates electricity separately;
S200, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group exports electric energy to wind/light complementation controller, and system mode controller controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller, exports electric energy to storage heater completely;
S210, system mode controller is by power output, the regenerator temperature of storage heater, the voltage of storage battery of data communication bus continuous collecting horizontal axis wind-driven generator group;
S220, system mode controller is according to the power flow direction of the voltage drop trend adjustment wind/light complementation controller of the regenerator temperature of storage heater and storage battery;
S230, when the regenerator temperature fall off rate of storage heater is lower than when determining parameter value, the corresponding power of system mode controller adjustment wind/light complementation controller flows to storage battery;
S240, when the power output of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and the regenerator temperature of storage heater are higher than determining parameter value, and the voltage drop trend of storage battery is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller by data communication bus to the alarm of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group.
Comprise the following steps:
Horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group cogeneration;
S300, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group export electric energy to wind/light complementation controller, and system mode controller controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller, exports electric energy to storage heater and storage battery respectively with 70:30 ratio;
S310, system mode controller is by power output, the power output of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group, the voltage of storage battery, the regenerator temperature of storage heater of data communication bus continuous collecting solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group;
S320, when the voltage drop trend of storage battery and the regenerator temperature ascendant trend of storage heater lower than corresponding determine parameter value time, the corresponding power of system mode controller adjustment wind/light complementation controller flows to, by 70% to 90% of electric energy to storage heater;
S330, when the voltage drop trend of storage battery and the regenerator temperature ascendant trend of storage heater higher than corresponding determine parameter value time, the corresponding power of system mode controller adjustment wind/light complementation controller flows to, by 30% to 50% of electric energy to storage battery;
S340, when the voltage of storage battery and the regenerator temperature of storage heater determine parameter value close to corresponding, and when the power output trend of the power output of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group and horizontal axis wind-driven generator group continues to rise, system mode controller sends alarm signal to solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group or horizontal axis wind-driven generator group.
Comprise the following steps:
S400, the corresponding electric energy power that system mode controller is exported to storage heater by data communication bus continuous collecting wind/light complementation controller, the regenerator temperature of storage heater;
S410, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller performs middle controller to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group changes the order of connection, increases the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater;
S420, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is higher than when determining parameter value, system mode controller performs middle controller to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group changes the order of connection, changes the electric heating element arrangement mode accessing heating circuit in storage heater;
S430, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature is close to when determining parameter value, system mode controller performs middle controller to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group changes the order of connection, increase the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater, and send alarm signal to solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group or horizontal axis wind-driven generator group;
S440, when electric energy power trend continuous decrease, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller performs middle controller to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group changes the order of connection, reduces the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater.
Existing miniature wind power generation system, just accumulators group charging, can not accumulation of heat heat, solar photoelectric can not accumulation of heat, and the present invention not only can power, and also can solve the problem without thermal source district heating, greatly improve the utilance of view energy source, again can for providing great material benefit without electricity without the common people in thermally district, simultaneously for environmental protection and energy saving cause makes huge contribution, real be socialbenefit and economic effect's pair receipts.
By native system wind-driven generator under minimum threshold wind velocity, generating voltage is minimum, and now the resistance value of electric heating element group is also in minimum.Wind speed (is determined during wind generator design) when the highest, and the resistance value of electric heating element group is also in peak thereupon.Control system is with the change of wind-driven generator rotating speed and voltage, the resistance value of electric heating element group is adjusted to matching value automatically, namely can improve the power output of wind-driven generator to greatest extent, loop current is limited in all the time permit below value again, avoid wind-driven generator to burn.
Wind-driven generator is in actual motion, and its ambient temperature conditions otherness is very large, and its temperature rise is not singly depend on operating current, and it is simultaneously influenced by ambient temperature is also very large.So our defence program is the temperature of reference current and generator simultaneously, therefore make protection act after overall merit.
Electric heating element group is formed by some module packet assemblings, changed the resistance in loop by the mode of different changes combination.The realization of this mode, the combined transformation different by multicircuit relay completes.
The instantaneous operating mode of wind-driven generator, by voltage, electric current, rotating speed and generator windings, organism temperature transducer, send data to signal receiving circuit, these signals are understood through good program prepared in advance, then control signal can export in implementation controller by program automatically, carried out the various combination state of control combination relay by execution control element, thus realize determining the adjustment of whole loop resistance value.No matter so just achieve, wind speed is high or wind speed is low, and electric heating element group all can have effective current do work and produce heat energy, is increased to by wind power generator efficiency maximum.
The real-time working condition of procedure judges wind-driven generator, when heat storage efficiency is lower, is given to battery charging automatically by energy.If now batteries is full of electric energy, program will proceed to heat storage state automatically, avoids energy dissipation.
Photoelectric energy is preferentially for battery charging, if batteries is full of electric energy, photoelectric energy is proceeded to accumulation of heat operating state by program automatically, avoids energy dissipation.
Wind turbine power generation system, solar photovoltaic system, electric heating hold over system, the output of storage heater heat energy, load distribution system, batteries charge-discharge system, electric flux distribution system, rheostat, wind-driven generator overload protection, load appliance overload protection etc., the system mode control treatment model by complete set completes.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Miniature wind photoelectric heat of the present invention associating energy resource system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of system mode controller in Miniature wind photoelectric heat of the present invention associating energy resource system;
Fig. 3 is the concrete connection diagram of one of electric heating element in connection in series-parallel switching matrix and storage heater in electric heating element rheostat group in Miniature wind photoelectric heat of the present invention associating energy resource system;
Fig. 4 is a kind of concrete structure schematic diagram of Miniature wind photoelectric heat of the present invention associating energy resource system, and wherein, 1 is electric heating element rheostat group, 2 is electrical equipment execution middle controller, and 3 is system mode controller, and 4 is wind/light complementation controller, 5 is light energy collecting conversion equipment, and 6 is wind collecting conversion equipment, and 7 is storage heater, 8 is storage heater heat-dissipating casing, 9 is storage heater heat insulation layer, and 10 is the heat-storing material of solid in storage heater, and 11 is electric heating element group, 12 is batteries, and 13 is inverter;
Fig. 5 to Fig. 8 is the control flow schematic diagram of Miniature wind photoelectric heat of the present invention associating energy resource system different operating state when carrying out power conversion.
Embodiment
It is as shown in Figure 1, of the present invention that Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system comprises electric heating element rheostat group 1, electrical equipment performs middle controller 2, system mode controller 3, wind/light complementation controller 4, light energy collecting conversion equipment 5, wind collecting conversion equipment 6, storage heater 7, storage battery 12 and inverter 13.
Electric energy output end of light energy collecting conversion equipment 5 and wind collecting conversion equipment 6 is connected respectively to the first electrified terminal and second electrified terminal of wind/light complementation controller 4, the electrified terminal of the first electric energy output end sub-connection storage battery 12 of wind/light complementation controller 4, the direct current input circuit of the electric energy output end sub-connection inverter 13 of storage battery 12, the interchange output loop connecting circuit load of inverter 13.
The electrified terminal of the second electric energy output end sub-connection storage heater 7 of wind/light complementation controller 4.
First control signal output of system mode controller 3 connects the control signal input of wind/light complementation controller 4, second control signal output connecting circuit of system mode controller 3 performs the control signal input of middle controller 2, electrical equipment performs the control signal input of the control signal output connection electric heating element rheostat group 1 of middle controller 2, and the control signal output of electric heating element rheostat group 1 connects the controlled terminal of storage heater 7.
Electric heating element rheostat group 1, electrical equipment perform middle controller 2, wind/light complementation controller 4, storage battery 12 and inverter 13, and the working status parameter of light energy collecting conversion equipment 5 and wind collecting conversion equipment 6 carries out Real-time Collection by corresponding transducer, the output loop of each transducer is connected on data communication bus by corresponding data terminal, and the data input output ports of system mode controller 3 is connected with data communication bus.
Electric heating element rheostat group 1, for the switch matrix connected state comprised according to TRANSFORMATION OF THE DRIVING, in the storage heater 7 that change is connected with switch matrix, electric heating element puts in order and is communicated with quantity;
Electrical equipment performs middle controller 2, for input control signal is carried out coded modulation, carries out level translation and forms drive singal output;
System mode controller 3, for the working status parameter that equipment each in real-time reception system is transmitted by data communication bus, contrast with built-in signal transacting model, according to the variation tendency of each equipment working state parameter, generate two path control signal stream, one tunnel control signal stream is according to the operating voltage parameter of storage battery 12 and inverter 13 power output parameter, control the power flow direction of wind energy switching current and transform light energy electric current in wind/light complementation controller 4, another road control signal stream is according to the running parameter of light energy collecting conversion equipment 5 and wind collecting conversion equipment 6, control the state of electric heating element rheostat group 1 breaker in middle matrix,
Wind/light complementation controller 4, for connecting different electric energy input sources, flows to according to control signal adjustment power output;
Storage heater 7, for being converted to thermal energy storage by the electric energy of input;
Storage battery 12, for storing the electric energy of input, and to inverter power supply;
Inverter 13, for exporting electric energy according to electrical equipment load power.
The present embodiment gathers while achieving wind energy and luminous energy; change simultaneously; store simultaneously; by judging the operating state of energy storage device in transfer process; achieve the electric energy after being converted to need, to the real-time allotment of different energy storage device, to protect energy storage device according to energy storage by wind/light complementation controller.When electric energy is converted to thermal energy storage, by judging the instantaneous power of electric energy converting equipment, the power component ability of timely adjustment thermal power transfer equipment, makes electric energy converting equipment in relatively high power interval during acute variation, and the load capacity of thermal power transfer equipment can Dynamic Matching.Achieve the peak use rate of natural resources, play the abundant usefulness of existing equipment.
As shown in Figure 2, system mode controller 3 comprises data input output ports 3a, data processing unit 3b, the first data storage cell 3c, the second data storage cell 3d, the first control data buffer unit 3e and the second control data buffer unit 3f.
Data input output ports 3a, by communication bus, receives the operating state data of each equipment real-time Transmission, transmit data set data and alarm data;
Data processing unit 3b, for receiving the operating state data of each equipment according to the time, the data set that synchronous working status data forms each equipment working state and time correlation stores, read the judgement parameter of the signal transacting model stored, the variation tendency of data intensive work state is judged, forms the control data for corresponding controlled plant and alarm data;
First data storage cell 3c, for storage signal transaction module with judge parameter accordingly;
Second data storage cell 3d, for storing associated data set, control data and alarm data;
First control data buffer unit 3e, buffer memory, for the control data of wind/light complementation controller 4, carries out data retransmission according to follow-up control command;
Second control data buffer unit 3f, buffer memory performs the control data of middle controller 2 for electrical equipment, carries out buffer memory, carries out data retransmission according to follow-up control command.
In the present embodiment, the working state signal of equipment each in system and control signal are designed with independently transfer mode, the high reliability of the system that meets in severe wild environment and the flexibility of system composition.The working state signal of each equipment mostly is little dimension, high-bandwidth signals and data, feature is frequent, burst, and the control signal of equipment mostly is large dimension, low-bandwidth signal and data, feature be continue, trend is obvious, the reliability of particular data and signal transmission can be ensured by setting up the signal transmission structure be separated targetedly, avoiding the acute variation of power conversion to make signal that distortion occur and producing potential hazard.Utilize two kinds of signal transmission structures simultaneously, can the fully upgrading change of equipment in adaptive system, the lifting of adaptive system performance.
As shown in Figure 3, for the syndeton of electric heating element in a kind of concrete electric heating element rheostat group 1 breaker in middle matrix and storage heater 7, wherein switch matrix is made up of relay K, electric heating element adopts resistant to elevated temperatures resistance R, several relay K are connected successively and are formed series relay circuit, and several series relay circuit in parallel form switch matrix.At the two ends of each relay K, one or several resistance R in parallel, connects several series resistance R between adjacent two series relay.Each relay K performs middle controller 2 by control circuit current collector and controls.The switch matrix of the adjustment electric heating element order of connection utilizing relay to be formed can effectively bearing great current, high-tension power overload.Utilize controllable silicon to carry out adaptability design to switch matrix, real time response speed can be completed better, reduce current fluctuation, suppress the formation of moire effect, avoid producing interference to high frequency controller.
The data communication bus type matching of the data terminal in the present embodiment and employing, has been used for the encapsulation of data in bus, transmission, addressing and opening, and the transmission performance accepting bus control unit or bus communication protocol is coordinated.According to the physical packaging position of light energy collecting conversion equipment 5 and wind collecting conversion equipment 6, the capacity scale of storage heater 7 and storage battery 12, and the signal output characteristic of the state parameter type of detection of each equipment, amount detection and transducer in system, CAN communication bus can be selected, ZigBee transmission network, or fiber optic network.
The arm processor that system mode controller 3 adopts, the equipment running status parameter that can gather each transducer carries out real-time response, avoid control system general purpose I NTEL processor to the process of advanced event, incur loss through delay the process timeliness to the bottom event that each sensor signal is synthesized, thus ensure that the reliability of system.Utilize the peripheral interface module of arm processor maturation, can match with various communication bus and communication network medium fast, realize signal transmission link fast.
As shown in Figure 4, storage heater 7 is a closed box, from being provided with heat-dissipating casing 8, insulation material layer 9 outside to inside, air heat insulating layer is formed between heat-dissipating casing 8 and insulation material layer 9, the solid heat storage material 10 using magnesium oxide as main matter is filled in the cavity of insulation material layer 9, parallelly in the horizontal direction in heat-storing material 10 offer some fixed vias, fixed via inwall is provided with screw thread, in fixed via, fixed the resistance R of different resistance by screw thread.Lead-in wire is converged the first cable and the second cable that are formed and connect each resistance two ends respectively by each resistance by screw thread, the first cable and the second cable are connected the switch matrix in electric heating element rheostat group 1 through the reserved closed hole on closed box.
Outside insulation material layer 9, install heat-pump-type heat exchanger additional, by heat exchange by the thermal release in insulation material layer in air heat insulating layer.
As shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, in native system specific embodiment, light energy collecting conversion equipment adopts solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group assembly, and wind collecting conversion equipment adopts horizontal axis wind-driven generator group, and storage battery adopts batteries.
Utilize native system to carry out the control method of energy conversion, in the first operating state, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group generates electricity separately, carries out energy conversion by following steps:
S100, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group exports electric energy to wind/light complementation controller 4, and system mode controller 3 controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller 4, exports electric energy to storage battery completely;
S110, system mode controller 3 is by power output, the voltage of storage battery 12, the power output of inverter 13 of data communication bus continuous collecting solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group;
S120, system mode controller 3 is according to the power flow direction of the voltage drop trend adjustment wind/light complementation controller 4 of the power output of inverter 13 and storage battery 12;
S130, when the voltage decreasing rate of storage battery 12 is lower than determining parameter value, and the power output of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group is higher than when determining parameter value, and the corresponding power that system mode controller 3 adjusts wind/light complementation controller 4 flows to storage heater 7.
In the second operating state, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group generates electricity separately, carries out energy conversion by following steps:
S200, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group exports electric energy to wind/light complementation controller 4, and system mode controller 3 controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller 4, exports electric energy to storage heater 7 completely;
S210, system mode controller 3 is by power output, the regenerator temperature of storage heater 7, the voltage of storage battery 12 of data communication bus continuous collecting horizontal axis wind-driven generator group;
S220, system mode controller 3 is according to the power flow direction of the voltage drop trend adjustment wind/light complementation controller 4 of the regenerator temperature of storage heater 7 and storage battery 12;
S230, when the regenerator temperature fall off rate of storage heater 7 is lower than when determining parameter value, the corresponding power that system mode controller 3 adjusts wind/light complementation controller 4 flows to storage battery 12;
S240, when the power output of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and the regenerator temperature of storage heater 7 are higher than determining parameter value, and the voltage drop trend of storage battery 12 is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller 3 by data communication bus to the alarm of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group.
In the third operating state, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group cogeneration, carry out energy conversion by following steps:
S300, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group export electric energy to wind/light complementation controller 4, and system mode controller 3 controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller 4, export electric energy to storage heater 7 and storage battery 12 respectively with 70:30 ratio;
S310, system mode controller 3 is by power output, the power output of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group, the voltage of storage battery 12, the regenerator temperature of storage heater 7 of data communication bus continuous collecting solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group;
S320, when the voltage drop trend of storage battery 12 and the regenerator temperature ascendant trend of storage heater 7 lower than corresponding determine parameter value time, the corresponding power that system mode controller 3 adjusts wind/light complementation controller 4 flows to, by 70% to 90% of electric energy to storage heater 7;
S330, when the voltage drop trend of storage battery 12 and the regenerator temperature ascendant trend of storage heater 7 higher than corresponding determine parameter value time, the corresponding power that system mode controller 3 adjusts wind/light complementation controller 4 flows to, by 30% to 50% of electric energy to storage battery 12;
S340, when the voltage of storage battery 12 and the regenerator temperature of storage heater 7 determine parameter value close to corresponding, and when the power output trend of the power output of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group and horizontal axis wind-driven generator group continues to rise, system mode controller 3 sends alarm signal to solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group or horizontal axis wind-driven generator group.
Flow at the Modulating Power of wind/light complementation controller 4, carry out transmission of electricity heating electric heating element to storage heater 7 and carry out carrying out heat production power Dynamic controlling by following steps in heat accumulation process:
S400, the corresponding electric energy power that system mode controller 3 is exported to storage heater 7 by data communication bus continuous collecting wind/light complementation controller 4, the regenerator temperature of storage heater 7;
S410, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller 3 performs middle controller 2 to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment execution middle controller 2 is formed in drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group 1 changes the order of connection, increases the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater 7;
S420, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is higher than when determining parameter value, system mode controller 3 performs middle controller 2 to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment execution middle controller 2 is formed in drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group 1 changes the order of connection, changes the electric heating element arrangement mode accessing heating circuit in storage heater 7;
S430, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature is close to when determining parameter value, system mode controller 3 performs middle controller 2 to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment execution middle controller 2 is formed in drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group 1 changes the order of connection, increase the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater 7, and send alarm signal to solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group or horizontal axis wind-driven generator group;
S440, when electric energy power trend continuous decrease, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller 3 performs middle controller 2 to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment execution middle controller 2 is formed in drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group 1 changes the order of connection, reduces the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater 7.
By above control method, the electric energy power of the thermal power of electric heating element in storage heater 7 and dynamic assignment can be made to match, storage heater 7 can be operated within the scope of wider energy fluctuation.
In native system specific embodiment, first system converts electrical energy into heat energy, then carries out heat exchange with solid heat storage device, and heat-storing material adopts the high-temperature roasting of solid oxidation magnesium special formulation to form.The inner regenerator temperature design of family expenses storage heater is at about 750 DEG C.Special heat insulation thermosphere is adopted to carry out heat insulation to storage heater high-temperature heat accumulation part, when accumulation of heat pond temperature reaches 750 DEG C, the design of storage heater skin temperature is below 105 DEG C (China's household electric heating installation regulation and stipulation is less than 110 DEG C), when accumulation of heat pond drops to certain temperature (about about 300 DEG C), the small axial flow fan of storage heater is opened automatically, pressure is carried out hot blast and is exported indoor heating, has good fail safe and higher equipment thermal efficiency.
One group of rheostat joined by storage heater, it can according to the instant electric current and voltage of wind-powered electricity generation, photoelectricity, automatically regulates the relative resistance of electric heating element, so just can at the no matter large or small electric current and voltage of photoelectricity and wind-powered electricity generation, by resistance heating principle to energy collection, electric heating conversion accumulation of heat can be carried out.
By system mode controller, in certain voltage range, to its rectification, boosting, voltage stabilizing to battery charging.Direct current, by inverter, is converted to 220 volt of 50 hz AC electricity by the electric energy of storage battery, is household electrical appliance (computer, washing machine, refrigerator, electromagnetic oven, television set, electric rice cooker, roaster, insulating pot etc.) power supply.
Whole system is controlled by system mode controller, by transducers such as voltage, electric current, storage heater temperature, batteries storing electricity, signal is sent into controller, and by handling procedure, by various instruction, the actuator sent in controller performs.
The major control method utilizing system mode controller to realize and the function of realization as follows:
According to the instant voltage of wind-powered electricity generation, provide the coupling combination of optimal electric heating element resistance, complete (single group, the connection in series-parallel organized by actuator by relay group more, the various conversion connections such as single triangle, many triangular forms or single Y type, many Y type) its variable resistance function, effective operating current can be ensured, produce thermal efficiency and carry out heat exchange accumulation of heat;
According to the immediate status of photovoltaic generating system, charged to batteries by controller, if batteries does not need charging, photoelectric energy can be switched to storage heater heat storage state by control program automatically;
Program can detect wind-driven generator overload automatically, and overload Time Controller will implement brake protection to wind-driven generator;
Program is monitored in real time to each unit of system, according to the real-time analysis of each unit operating mode, priority resolution, as: batteries causes power shortage state because powerful electrical equipment uses continuously, program can by accumulation of heat automatic pause, preferentially carry out big current to batteries to fill soon, during safe electricity capacity to be achieved, automatically switch to normal operating conditions;
Program meeting automatic discrimination real-time voltage electric current operating mode, optimal Energy harvesting distributes to make it accomplish, is constantly changed and adaptive optimum Working by actuator;
System mode controller can make three times of the super rated power of wind-driven generator performance to carry out work.Wind-driven generator normally carries out running according to fixing load and controls, because there is fixing load, so its size of current is voltage according to generator and synchronous change.When electric current exceedes certain limit value, will carry out " brake " wind-driven generator, otherwise generator can burn by overcurrent.We are by the variable resistance to load electric heating element, even if generator is when exceeding design nominal rated voltage, its loop current are controlled all the time in safety value, and generator so just can be allowed to continue safe handling.Current value is under the state of rated value, and the rising of magnitude of voltage, the power of generator also increases, although therefore power goes out greatly three times of rated value, generator is safe all the time, can not overheatedly burn.As: the three-phase alternating current wind-driven generator of a specified 3KW, load is wye connection, and its rated current is generally 16--17 Amps, and voltage is about 105 volts, and maximum permissible current is at 25 Amps.When wind speed is high time, voltage can rise to 200 more and lie prostrate, if now change load resistance, make its electric current be no more than 25 amperes, its power output can reach three times of rated value, namely;
Time specified: 105V(line voltage)/1.732(phase voltage) the star-like three groups of electric heating of × 16.5A × 3()=3KW;
During variable resistance: 210V(line voltage)/1.732(phase voltage) the star-like three groups of electric heating of × 25A × 3()=9.09KW;
This shows, make use of real-time variable resistance technology, the efficiency of equipment can be increased to three times.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection range that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (8)
1. a Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system, comprise light energy collecting conversion equipment (5) and wind collecting conversion equipment (6), it is characterized in that: also comprise electric heating element rheostat group (1), electrical equipment performs middle controller (2), system mode controller (3), wind/light complementation controller (4), storage heater (7), storage battery (12) and inverter (13);
Electric energy output end of light energy collecting conversion equipment (5) and wind collecting conversion equipment (6) is connected respectively to the first electrified terminal and second electrified terminal of wind/light complementation controller (4), the electrified terminal of the first electric energy output end sub-connection storage battery (12) of wind/light complementation controller (4), the direct current input circuit of the electric energy output end sub-connection inverter (13) of storage battery (12), the interchange output loop connecting circuit load of inverter (13); The electrified terminal of the second electric energy output end sub-connection storage heater (7) of wind/light complementation controller (4); First control signal output of system mode controller (3) connects the control signal input of wind/light complementation controller (4), second control signal output connecting circuit of system mode controller (3) performs the control signal input of middle controller (2), electrical equipment performs the control signal input of control signal output connection electric heating element rheostat group (1) of middle controller (2), and the control signal output of electric heating element rheostat group (1) connects the controlled terminal of storage heater (7);
Electric heating element rheostat group (1), electrical equipment perform middle controller (2), wind/light complementation controller (4), storage battery (12) and inverter (13), and the working status parameter of light energy collecting conversion equipment (5) and wind collecting conversion equipment (6) carries out Real-time Collection by corresponding transducer, the output loop of each transducer is connected on data communication bus by corresponding data terminal, and the data input output ports of system mode controller (3) is connected with data communication bus; Form devices in system state signal collecting circuit, equipment control circuit and power transmission lines isolated;
System mode controller (3), for the working status parameter that equipment each in real-time reception system is transmitted by data communication bus, contrast with built-in signal transacting model, according to the variation tendency of each equipment working state parameter, generate two path control signal stream, one tunnel control signal stream is according to the operating voltage parameter of storage battery (12) and inverter (13) power output parameter, control the power flow direction of wind energy switching current and transform light energy electric current in wind/light complementation controller (4), another road control signal stream is according to the running parameter of light energy collecting conversion equipment (5) and wind collecting conversion equipment (6), control the state of electric heating element rheostat group (1) breaker in middle matrix,
Described electrical equipment performs middle controller (2), for input control signal is carried out coded modulation, carries out level translation and forms drive singal output;
Wind/light complementation controller (4), for connecting different electric energy input sources, flows to according to control signal adjustment power output;
Storage heater (7), for being converted to thermal energy storage by the electric energy of input;
Storage battery (12), for storing the electric energy of input, and to inverter power supply;
Inverter (13), for exporting electric energy according to electrical equipment load power.
2. Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electric heating element rheostat group (1) comprises switch matrix and is connected with electric heating element in storage heater (7), wherein switch matrix is made up of relay K, electric heating element adopts resistant to elevated temperatures resistance R, several relay K are connected successively and are formed series relay circuit, several series relay circuit in parallel form Relay Switch Matrix, one or several resistance R in parallel at the two ends of each relay K, several series resistance R are connected between adjacent two series relay, each relay K performs middle controller (2) by control circuit current collector and controls.
3. Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described system mode controller (3) comprises data input output ports (3a), data processing unit (3b), the first data storage cell (3c), the second data storage cell (3d), the first control data buffer unit (3e) and the second control data buffer unit (3f);
Data input output ports (3a), by communication bus, receives the operating state data of each equipment real-time Transmission, transmit data set data and alarm data;
Data processing unit (3b), for receiving the operating state data of each equipment according to the time, the data set that synchronous working status data forms each equipment working state and time correlation stores, read the judgement parameter of the signal transacting model stored, the variation tendency of data intensive work state is judged, forms the control data for corresponding controlled plant and alarm data;
First data storage cell (3c), for storage signal transaction module with judge parameter accordingly;
Second data storage cell (3d), for storing associated data set, control data and alarm data;
First control data buffer unit (3e), buffer memory, for the control data of wind/light complementation controller (4), carries out data retransmission according to follow-up control command;
Second control data buffer unit (3f), buffer memory performs the control data of middle controller (2) for electrical equipment, carries out buffer memory, carries out data retransmission according to follow-up control command.
4. Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described storage heater (7) is a closed box, from being provided with heat-dissipating casing (8) outside to inside, insulation material layer (9), air heat insulating layer is formed between heat-dissipating casing (8) and insulation material layer (9), solid heat storage material (10) is filled in the cavity of insulation material layer (9), parallelly in the horizontal direction in heat-storing material (10) offer some fixed vias, fixed via inwall is provided with screw thread, fixed the resistance R of different resistance by screw thread in fixed via, lead-in wire is converged the first cable and the second cable that are formed and connect each resistance two ends respectively by each resistance by screw thread, first cable and the second cable are connected the switch matrix in electric heating element rheostat group (1) through the reserved closed hole on closed box, insulation material layer (9) outside install heat-pump-type heat exchanger additional, by heat exchange by the thermal release in insulation material layer in air heat insulating layer.
5. utilize the arbitrary described Miniature wind photoelectric heat associating energy resource system of claim 1 to 4 to carry out the control method of energy conversion, comprise the following steps:
Light energy collecting conversion equipment adopts solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group, and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group generates electricity separately;
S100, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group exports electric energy to wind/light complementation controller (4), and system mode controller (3) controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller (4), exports electric energy to storage battery completely;
S110, system mode controller (3) is by power output, the voltage of storage battery (12), the power output of inverter (13) of data communication bus continuous collecting solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group;
S120, system mode controller (3) is according to the power flow direction of the voltage drop trend adjustment wind/light complementation controller (4) of the power output of inverter (13) and storage battery (12);
S130, when the voltage decreasing rate of storage battery (12) is lower than determining parameter value, and the power output of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group is higher than when determining parameter value, the corresponding power of system mode controller (3) adjustment wind/light complementation controller (4) flows to storage heater (7).
6. carry out the control method of energy conversion as claimed in claim 5, comprise the following steps:
Wind collecting conversion equipment adopts horizontal axis wind-driven generator group, and horizontal axis wind-driven generator group generates electricity separately;
S200, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group exports electric energy to wind/light complementation controller (4), system mode controller (3) controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller (4), electric energy is exported completely to storage heater (7);
S210, system mode controller (3) is by power output, the regenerator temperature of storage heater (7), the voltage of storage battery (12) of data communication bus continuous collecting horizontal axis wind-driven generator group;
S220, system mode controller (3) is according to the power flow direction of the voltage drop trend adjustment wind/light complementation controller (4) of the regenerator temperature of storage heater (7) and storage battery (12);
S230, when the regenerator temperature fall off rate of storage heater (7) is lower than when determining parameter value, the corresponding power of system mode controller (3) adjustment wind/light complementation controller (4) flows to storage battery (12);
S240, when the power output of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and the regenerator temperature of storage heater (7) are higher than determining parameter value, and the voltage drop trend of storage battery (12) is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller (3) by data communication bus to the alarm of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group.
7. carry out the control method of energy conversion as claimed in claim 6, comprise the following steps:
Horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group cogeneration;
S300, horizontal axis wind-driven generator group and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group export electric energy to wind/light complementation controller (4), system mode controller (3) controls the power flow direction of wind/light complementation controller (4), exports electric energy to storage heater (7) and storage battery (12) respectively with 70:30 ratio;
S310, system mode controller (3) is by power output, the power output of horizontal axis wind-driven generator group, the voltage of storage battery (12), the regenerator temperature of storage heater (7) of data communication bus continuous collecting solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group;
S320, when the voltage drop trend of storage battery (12) and the regenerator temperature ascendant trend of storage heater (7) lower than corresponding determine parameter value time, the corresponding power of system mode controller (3) adjustment wind/light complementation controller (4) flows to, by 70% to 90% of electric energy to storage heater (7);
S330, when the voltage drop trend of storage battery (12) and the regenerator temperature ascendant trend of storage heater (7) higher than corresponding determine parameter value time, the corresponding power of system mode controller (3) adjustment wind/light complementation controller (4) flows to, by 30% to 50% of electric energy to storage battery (12);
S340, when the voltage of storage battery (12) and the regenerator temperature of storage heater (7) determine parameter value close to corresponding, and when the power output trend of the power output of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group and horizontal axis wind-driven generator group continues to rise, system mode controller (3) sends alarm signal to solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group or horizontal axis wind-driven generator group.
8. carry out the control method of energy conversion as described in as arbitrary in claim 5 to 7, comprise the following steps:
S400, the corresponding electric energy power that system mode controller (3) is exported to storage heater (7) by data communication bus continuous collecting wind/light complementation controller (4), the regenerator temperature of storage heater (7);
S410, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller (3) performs middle controller (2) to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller (2) formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group (1) changes the order of connection, increases the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater (7);
S420, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is higher than when determining parameter value, system mode controller (3) performs middle controller (2) to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller (2) formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group (1) changes the order of connection, changes the electric heating element arrangement mode accessing heating circuit in storage heater (7);
S430, when electric energy power trend continues to rise, and regenerator temperature is close to when determining parameter value, system mode controller (3) performs middle controller (2) to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller (2) formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group (1) changes the order of connection, increase the electric heating element quantity of access heating circuit in storage heater (7), and send alarm signal to solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group or horizontal axis wind-driven generator group;
S440, when electric energy power trend continuous decrease, and regenerator temperature ascendant trend is lower than when determining parameter value, system mode controller (3) performs middle controller (2) to electrical equipment and transmits control signal, the switch matrix that electrical equipment performs in middle controller (2) formation drive singal control electric heating element rheostat group (1) changes the order of connection, reduces the electric heating element quantity accessing heating circuit in storage heater (7).
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