CN103594769A - Self-adaptation variable polarization power divider - Google Patents
Self-adaptation variable polarization power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN103594769A CN103594769A CN201310548735.3A CN201310548735A CN103594769A CN 103594769 A CN103594769 A CN 103594769A CN 201310548735 A CN201310548735 A CN 201310548735A CN 103594769 A CN103594769 A CN 103594769A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-adaptation variable polarization power divider. The self-adaptation variable polarization power divider is characterized in that a non-contact coaxial rotary joint is additionally arranged between a waveguide coaxial converter and a coaxial orthomode converter (OMT), and a non-contact waveguide rotary joint is additionally arranged between the coaxial orthomode converter and a waveguide orthomode converter, so that the coaxial OMT in the middle can rotate around the axis of the coaxial OMT under the drive of external force, a membrane, a ridge stair and an inner conductor in the coaxial OMT are rotated, the polarization direction of the electric field in a ridge stair circular waveguide is changed, then energy decomposition is carried out on energy of an TE11 mode through the waveguide orthomode converter according to the rotation angle of the ridge stair, and accordingly polarization angle compensation is finished. According to the self-adaptation variable polarization power divider, energy allocation flatness in a frequency band is good and is irrelevant to frequency, loss is little, polarization adjustment response is quick, repeatability is good, amplitude and phase consistency in the frequency band is good, the frequency application range is wide, use reliability is high and service life is long. The self-adaptation variable polarization power divider is particularly suitable for a transmitting system and a receiving system of an antenna for communication in moving.
Description
Technical field
Having the present invention relates to technical field of satellite communication, is especially a kind of self adaptation polarization power divider with polarization compensate function for " communication in moving " satellite communication antena.
Background technology
When research " communication in moving " (Communications in Moving) system, although we find that communication in moving antenna can rotate to be aligned in the satellite on geo-stationary orbit by pitching and azimuth, yet in the time of the overwhelming majority, the polarization of satellite (being mainly linear polarization satellite) is not mated with the polarization of communication in moving antenna, thereby there is polarization loss, greatly affect the received signal quality of communication in moving and the validity of signal transmitting.The problem of so-called " polarization coupling " is in fact the problem of power division.In order to avoid because the phenomenon of polarization mismatch appears in communication in moving antenna when to star, be necessary to provide or design a kind of power division device of the coupling that automatically polarizes, this device is called adaptive power distributor, in the time of on being used in " communication in moving ", also can be described as self adaptation polarization device.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is existing power divider to carry out structural transformation, make it when realizing power division, also can there is the function of polarizing angle compensation.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is, this kind of self adaptation polarization power divider formation includes, waveguide coaxial converter, coaxial type orthomode transducer (orthomode transducer Orthomode Transducer, OMT), waveguide type orthomode transducer, it is characterized in that: it also includes contactless coaxial line rotary joint and contactless waveguide junction in forming, described waveguide coaxial converter, coaxial type OMT, waveguide type OMT three's dead in line, the stiff end of contactless coaxial line rotary joint is fixedly connected with the same axle head of waveguide coaxial converter, the movable end of contactless coaxial line rotary joint is fixedly connected with the coaxial terminals of coaxial type OMT, the stiff end of contactless waveguide junction is fixedly connected with the circular waveguide end of waveguide type OMT, the movable end of contactless waveguide junction is fixedly connected with the circular waveguide end of coaxial type OMT, described coaxial type OMT can rotate around its axis.
In technique scheme, the cavity coaxial line that described contactless coaxial line rotary joint is λ g/4 by two segment length forms, and leaves periphery, ，Bing gap, gap and be provided with choke groove between two sections of cavity coaxial lines.The cavity coaxial line that described contactless circular waveguide rotary joint is λ g/4 by two segment length forms, and leaves periphery, ，Bing gap, gap and be provided with choke groove between two sections of cavity coaxial lines.
In technique scheme, described coaxial type OMT is diaphragm-branching type, and the axis of described coupled end port2 is parallel with the diaphragm plane in coaxial type OMT, and this diaphragm and ridge step and inner wire are fixed into one, and can rotate with the rotation of coaxial type OMT.
The polarization power division principle of technical solution of the present invention is, coaxial type OMT is built on stilts by the non-contact rotary joint at its two ends, and can be around its axis rotation under external force drives, and then diaphragm, ridge step part and inner wire in rotation coaxial type OMT, thereby change the E field polarization direction in ridge step circular waveguide, then through waveguide orthomode transducer by TE
11the energy of mould carries out corresponding Energy Decomposition according to ridge step rotational angle, completes polarizing angle compensation.
In orthomode transducer (OMT), as shown in figure 13, in Figure 13, θ represents diaphragm in coaxial type OMT, ridge step part and the coaxial inner conductor anglec of rotation to Energy Decomposition principle
From Figure 13, can obtain
E wherein
vthe vertical component that represents electric field E, E
hthe horizontal component that represents electric field E
Electric field strength E is after orthomode transducer resolves into level and vertical component, its energy Ratios:
DB value:
The visible direction along with input electric field polarization is different, and the energy ratio of orthomode transducer output port is also different, just like the relation described in above formula.
Technical solution of the present invention both can the signal sendaisle for satellite antenna in, make antenna polarization and satellite polarization real-time matching; Technical solution of the present invention also can the signal receive path for satellite antenna in, make satellite polarization and antenna polarization real-time matching.
In technique scheme, can be according to actual requirement, with coaxial line, substitute the waveguide coaxial converter in technique scheme, also can substitute the waveguide orthomode transducer in technique scheme with coaxial type orthomode transducer, thereby expand the applicability of technical solution of the present invention, to meet the connection needs of different occasions, different port.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, inband energy distributes flatness good, and and frequency-independent.
Device of the present invention have extraordinary inband flatness and with place frequency-independent, guaranteeing that under the prerequisite of device fabrication precision and assembling concentricity, the inband flatness of device example is comparatively approaching with design, high conformity, is about 0.1dB when the poorest.
2, loss is little.
The present invention mostly adopts hollow waveguide, and loss is lower; In the position of rotation docking, adopt the non-contact rotary joint with choke groove structure in the present invention in addition, guarantee that electrical property is good, loss is low.
3, polarization modulation reaction is fast, reproducible.
Because non-contact rotary joint and high-precision bearing are under the driving of stepping motor, drive coaxial type OMT rotation, thereby the polarised direction in drive circular waveguide is rotated equal angular, then energy decomposes in waveguide OMT, can obtain arbitrarily the energy Ratios of two output ports, so output port energy Ratios is easy to adjust, reliability is higher; Reproducible.
4, amplitude in frequency band, phase equalization are good.
Because the main mould of propagating in circular waveguide is TE
11, for polarization degenerate mode, from mathematic(al) representation, its level and perpendicular polarization component be homophase always, and amplitude and frequency-independent, so its amplitude, phase equalization are good.
5, frequency application is in extensive range.
According to design philosophy of the present invention, as long as can meet said structure designing requirement of the present invention, by choosing the circular waveguide that meets different frequency, just can design required self adaptation polarization power divider.So its frequency application scope is wide, can be used for microwave and millimeter wave field.
6, dependability is high, the life-span is long.
Owing to adopting non-contact rotary joint, met in the present invention and constantly rotated to change the needs of adjusting polarizing angle, its reliability is high, and not fragile, useful life is longer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is waveguide coaxial converter structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the contactless coaxial line rotation joint structure of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is coaxial type OMT structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the contactless circular waveguide rotation joint structure of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is waveguide type OMT structural representation of the present invention.(" diaphragm-branching type ")
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present invention one structural representation (does not draw in two non-contact rotary joints).
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the present invention one, the configuration state schematic diagram behind the coaxial type OMT rotation 90 degree angles in Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the pattern conversion schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one transmitted signal process.
Fig. 9 is the pattern conversion schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two receiving satellite signal processes.
Figure 10 is in the embodiment of the present invention three, and contactless coaxial line rotary joint connects respectively the structural representation of input coaxial line and coaxial line style OMT.
Figure 11 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the output coaxial line OMT structural representation in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Figure 13 is Energy Decomposition principle schematic in orthomode transducer (OMT).
In above accompanying drawing, the 11st, coaxial outer conductor, the 12nd, coaxial inner conductor, the 13rd, adjustment screw, the 14th, rectangular waveguide, the 21st, coaxial inner conductor, the 22nd, coaxial outer conductor, the 23rd, rotation gap, the 24th, choke groove, the 31st, circular waveguide, the 32nd, coaxial line coupling port, the 33rd, diaphragm, the 34th, ridge step, the 35th, coaxial inner conductor, the 36th, coaxial outer conductor, the 41st, circular waveguide, the 42nd, rotation gap, the 43rd, circular waveguide, the 44th, choke groove, the 51st, rectangular waveguide, the 52nd, diaphragm, the 53rd, rectangular waveguide, the 54th, circular waveguide, the 61st, waveguide OMT, the 62nd, coaxial OMT, the 63rd, coaxial waveguide converter, the 64th, the coaxial OMT behind rotation 90 degree angles, the 71st, coaxial OMT outer conductor, the 71st, coaxial OMT inner wire, the 73rd, contactless Coaxial rotary joint, the 74th, coaxle input end outer conductor, the 75th, coaxle input end inner wire, the 76th, rotation gap, the 77th, choke groove, the 78th, the rotation gap between coaxial OMT inner wire and coaxle input end inner wire, the 81st, horizontal coaxial terminals, the 82nd, insulated column, the 83rd, vertical coaxial terminals, the 84th, circular waveguide.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-:
The self adaptation polarization power divider that the present embodiment provides sends for " communication in moving " aerial signal, this self adaptation polarization power divider series connection access signal sendaisle.
The present embodiment is converted by waveguide coaxial converter 63, contactless Coaxial rotary joint, coaxial type OMT(ridge step) 62, contactless circular waveguide rotary joint and diaphragm-branching type waveguide OMT61 form.The present embodiment transmitted signal input is waveguide form, transmitted signal output is also waveguide form, as shown in Figure 6, as shown in Figure 2, contactless circular waveguide rotary joint as shown in Figure 4 for the contactless Coaxial rotary joint of not drawing in Fig. 6 for the present embodiment overall structure.
As shown in Figure 1, this waveguide coaxial converter is that cavity low loss coaxial line and rectangular waveguide form to waveguide coaxial converter structure in the present embodiment, adjustment screw balance switching signal.Waveguide coaxial converter is as transmitted signal input, and its effect is that the single polarization microwave signal of rectangular waveguide mouth input is converted to the symmetrical TEM ripple of circle in coaxial line;
As shown in Figure 3, what this coaxial type OMT selected is " diaphragm-branching type " structure to coaxial type orthomode transducer in the present embodiment.Coaxial type OMT has a public port port3 and two quadrature port port1, port2, and two quadrature ports are co-axial line form.The output that wherein Port1, Port2 two-port are mutually orthogonal isolation.
Waveguide type OMT structure in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 5, the common port Port3 of this waveguide type OMT and the stiff end of contactless circular waveguide rotary joint (accompanying drawing 4 Port2) are connected and fixed, this waveguide type OMT resolves into two mutually orthogonal polarized signals by the transmitted signal through polarizing angle compensation of common port input, delivers to antenna orthogonal mouth and sends.
Contactless Coaxial rotary joint in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 2, this contactless Coaxial rotary joint is mainly comprised of the long cavity coaxial line of two sections of λ g/4 being connected with outer conductor, the right-hand member of this contactless Coaxial rotary joint is stiff end (accompanying drawing 2 Port1), this stiff end is fixedly connected with the same axle head (accompanying drawing 1 Port2) in waveguide coaxial converter in the present embodiment, the left end of this contactless Coaxial rotary joint is movable end (accompanying drawing 2 Port2), this movable end is fixedly connected with the same axle head (Port1 in accompanying drawing 3) of coaxial type OMT in the present embodiment.
Contactless circular waveguide rotary joint in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 4, this contactless circular waveguide rotary joint is mainly comprised of the long cavity coaxial line of two sections of λ g/4, the left end of this contactless circular waveguide rotary joint is stiff end (accompanying drawing 4 Port2), this stiff end is fixedly connected with the common port (accompanying drawing 5 Port3) of waveguide type OMT in the present embodiment, the right-hand member of this contactless circular waveguide rotary joint is movable end (accompanying drawing 4 Port1), and this movable end is fixedly connected with the common port (accompanying drawing 3 Port3) of coaxial type OMT in the present embodiment.
In order to shorten the length in non-contact rotary joint, above-mentioned contactless Coaxial rotary joint (as shown in Figure 2) and contactless circular waveguide rotary joint (as shown in Figure 4) are comprised of two sections of cavity coaxial lines, between two sections of cavity coaxial lines, leave rotation gap 23,42, for having shortened the length in non-contact rotary joint, taked collapsible design, make to have formed in periphery, gap choke groove 24,44, thereby guarantee that it is good that coaxial line electrical property still keeps in the situation that increasing by two non-contact rotary joints.Be that choke groove that the foldable structure in non-contact rotary joint forms has effectively reduced the system of coaxial line electrical property being brought by the rotation gap of coaxial outer conductor and do not mate the impact with energy leakage, and then guarantee when coaxial type OMT rotates, but its electrical property remains good.
The operation principle of the present embodiment and process are:
Transmitted signal (TE
10pattern) from the rectangular waveguide end of waveguide coaxial converter, input, in coaxial line, convert TEM pattern to, owing to existing the polarization that is difficult to avoid between " communication in moving " antenna carrier geographical position and synchronous satellite, do not mate phenomenon, inertial unit in antenna system and global location (GPS) device calculates rapidly the angle of deviation parameter existing between " communication in moving " antenna polarization and satellite polarization, and OMT rotates a certain angle by high accuracy stepping motor Real Time Drive coaxial type, make ridge step and inner wire in coaxial type OMT also rotate respective angles, and then make the TE that forms in circular waveguide
11the polarizing angle of pattern is adjusted, and in waveguide type OMT, has adjusted the TE of θ angle like this
11pattern polarized wave is broken down into polarized signal two quadratures, that match with port, then exports antenna transmission port to by rectangular waveguide, to satellite launch.And the horizontal polarized wave that antenna transmission port transmits this moment and vertically polarized wave and satellite polarised direction is in full accord this moment, thereby reduced because antenna polarization does not mate caused power loss with satellite polarization.
In the present embodiment, it is dynamic that the rotation of coaxial type OMT is regulated, inertial unit and GPS device send to high accuracy stepping motor the driving instruction of determining step-length in real time, thereby dynamically, in real time, automatically adjust the polarised direction of transmitted signal, form closed-loop control system.
Accompanying drawing 7 is that the coaxial line style OMT in the present embodiment turns clockwise
the configuration state schematic diagram that angle is later.
Accompanying drawing 8 has provided the polarization mode conversion of the present embodiment transmitted signal process and has adjusted schematic diagram.
Embodiment bis-:
The self adaptation polarization power divider that the present embodiment provides is for " communication in moving " antenna satellite signal receiving, in this self adaptation polarization power divider series connection access satellite signal receiving passage.
The present embodiment is by diaphragm-branching type waveguide OMT(as shown in Figure 5), the conversion of contactless circular waveguide rotary joint (as shown in Figure 4), coaxial type OMT(ridge step) (as shown in Figure 3), contactless Coaxial rotary joint (as shown in Figure 2) and waveguide coaxial converter (as shown in Figure 1) formation.The structure of each parts and frame mode are identical with embodiment mono-, at this, are not repeated in this description.
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment mono-is that the size of each parts is different from each part dimension size in embodiment mono-.The frequency dependence of each part dimension size of the present embodiment and antenna institute receiving satellite signal.
The operation principle of the present embodiment and process are:
The horizontal polarized wave of " communication in moving " antenna satellite-signal and vertically polarized wave are inputted from two rectangular waveguides of diaphragm-branching type waveguide OMT respectively, this waveguide OMT is transformed to the symmetrical TEM mould of circle in coaxial line by satellite-signal, then the TEM mould in coaxial line is transformed to the main mould TE that has polarised direction in circular waveguide by ridge step
11mould, this moment, main mould TE
11mould still with exist polarization deviation, by rotating coaxial type OMT, ridge step and coaxial inner conductor are rotated in the lump, thereby change the E field polarization direction in ridge step circular waveguide, and then form TE in the circular waveguide of waveguide coaxial converter
10polarized wave, then to satellite signal receiver, export with waveguide form through waveguide coaxial converter.
In the present embodiment, the circular waveguide common port port3 of coaxial type OMT forms polarization degenerate mode TE
11mould, TE
11the horizontal polarized wave of mould is parallel with diaphragm, and vertically polarized wave is vertical with diaphragm, and for Port2, diaphragm is similar to the effect of short-circuit plunger, and horizontal polarized wave is reflected at this, is finally transferred in Port2 port, then output.Diaphragm, because it stops horizontal polarization wave direction Port1 output, provides Port1 and Port2 higher isolation, and for Port1, diaphragm does not affect vertically polarized wave and arrives Port1 port, then output.
Accompanying drawing 9 has provided the polarization mode conversion of the present embodiment receiving satellite signal process and has adjusted schematic diagram.
Embodiment tri-:
The self adaptation polarization power divider that the present embodiment provides sends for " communication in moving " aerial signal, this self adaptation polarization power divider series connection access signal sendaisle, its transmitted signal input port is co-axial line form (as shown in Figure 10,11), and its transmitted signal output is coaxial type OMT form (as shown in figure 12).
The present embodiment is by coaxial line input (as shown in Figure 10,11), contactless Coaxial rotary joint (as shown in Figure 2), the conversion of coaxial type OMT(ridge step) (as shown in Figure 3), contactless circular waveguide rotary joint (as shown in Figure 4) and coaxial type OMT output (as shown in figure 12) formation.
The present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-except coaxial line input, the coaxial type OMT output of transmitted signal, the structure of other each parts is identical with embodiment mono-, structure annexation between each parts, operation principle, polarization power division process are all identical with embodiment mono-, at this repeated description not.
Input and output that the self adaptation polarization power divider that the present embodiment provides is applicable to transmitted signal all require the occasion into coaxial line.
Embodiment tetra-:
The self adaptation polarization power divider that the present embodiment provides is for " communication in moving " antenna satellite signal receiving, in this self adaptation polarization power divider series connection access satellite signal receiving passage, its receiving satellite signal input port is waveguide OMT form (as shown in Figure 5), and its receiving satellite signal output is co-axial line form (as shown in Figure 10,11).
The present embodiment is by diaphragm-branching type waveguide OMT(as shown in Figure 5), the conversion of contactless circular waveguide rotary joint (as shown in Figure 4), coaxial type OMT(ridge step) (as shown in Figure 3), contactless Coaxial rotary joint (as shown in Figure 2) and Output with coaxial line end (as shown in Figure 10,11) formation.
The present embodiment is different from embodiment bis-except receiving the Output with coaxial line end of signal, other each parts structure is identical with embodiment bis-, structure annexation between each parts, operation principle, polarization power division process are all identical with embodiment bis-, at this repeated description not.
The self adaptation polarization power divider that the present embodiment provides is applicable to the occasion that receiving satellite signal output is coaxial line.
Embodiment five:
The self adaptation polarization power divider that the present embodiment provides is for " communication in moving " antenna satellite signal receiving, in this self adaptation polarization power divider series connection access satellite signal receiving passage, its receiving satellite signal input port is coaxial type OMT form (as shown in figure 12), and its receiving satellite signal output is waveguide coaxial converter (as shown in Figure 1).
The present embodiment is by coaxial type OMT form (as shown in figure 12), contactless circular waveguide rotary joint (as shown in Figure 4), the conversion of coaxial type OMT(ridge step) (as shown in Figure 3), contactless Coaxial rotary joint (as shown in Figure 2) and waveguide coaxial converter (as shown in Figure 1) formation.
The present embodiment is different from embodiment bis-except receiving the input port form of signal, and the structure of other each parts, operation principle, polarization power division process are all identical with embodiment bis-, at this repeated description not.
The output that the given self adaptation polarization power divider of the present embodiment is applicable to receiving satellite signal is the occasion of coaxial type OMT.
Claims (5)
1. a self adaptation polarization power divider, its formation includes, waveguide coaxial converter, coaxial line style orthomode transducer, waveguide type orthomode transducer, it is characterized in that: it also includes contactless coaxial line rotary joint and contactless waveguide junction in forming, described waveguide coaxial converter, coaxial line style orthomode transducer, waveguide type orthomode transducer three's dead in line, the stiff end of contactless coaxial line rotary joint is fixedly connected with the same axle head of waveguide coaxial converter, the movable end of contactless coaxial line rotary joint is fixedly connected with the coaxial terminals of coaxial line style orthomode transducer, the stiff end of contactless waveguide junction is fixedly connected with the circular waveguide end of waveguide type orthomode transducer, the movable end of contactless waveguide junction is fixedly connected with the circular waveguide end of coaxial line style orthomode transducer, described coaxial line style orthomode transducer can rotate around its axis.
2. self adaptation polarization power divider according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cavity coaxial line that described contactless coaxial line rotary joint is λ g/4 by two segment length forms, between two sections of cavity coaxial lines, leave periphery, ，Bing gap, gap and be provided with choke groove.
3. self adaptation polarization power divider according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cavity coaxial line that described contactless circular waveguide rotary joint is λ g/4 by two segment length forms, between two sections of cavity coaxial lines, leave periphery, ，Bing gap, gap and be provided with choke groove.
4. self adaptation polarization power divider according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described waveguide coaxial converter substitutes with coaxial line.
5. self adaptation polarization power divider according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described waveguide orthomode transducer substitutes with coaxial line orthomode transducer.
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| CN111756386A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-09 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Front-end circuit and communication device |
| CN111756386B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2022-08-16 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Front-end circuit and communication device |
| JP2022534175A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2022-07-28 | ウェイモ エルエルシー | Automotive communication system with dielectric waveguide cable and wireless contactless rotary joint |
| CN112770475A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 湖南华创医疗科技有限公司 | Power-adjustable waveguide device, accelerator comprising same and adjusting method thereof |
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