CN103593697A - Radio frequency identification tag - Google Patents
Radio frequency identification tag Download PDFInfo
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- CN103593697A CN103593697A CN201310576240.1A CN201310576240A CN103593697A CN 103593697 A CN103593697 A CN 103593697A CN 201310576240 A CN201310576240 A CN 201310576240A CN 103593697 A CN103593697 A CN 103593697A
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- gap
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- conductive layer
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Abstract
The invention relates to a radio frequency identification tag, in particular to a chipless tag used in a radio frequency identification system. The radio frequency identification tag can be applied to cargo or commodity management of the Internet of Things and supermarkets and can replace a bar code. The radio frequency identification tag is formed by gaps, where the portions of the conducting layer are removed, in a substrate or/and areas, where the portions of the conducting layer are not removed, of the substrate, wherein a conducting layer is arranged on the substrate, and a dielectric layer is arranged below the substrate. Information codes are obtained through a frequency spectrum structure of the radio frequency identification tag. The radio frequency identification tag has the advantages of being easy to encode, convenient to print, low in cost, capable of being directly printed or manufactured on a commodity and a cargo, small in size and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the chipless label using in the electronic tag that can be applicable to the goods in Internet of Things, supermarket or the replaced bar code of merchandise control a kind of, particularly a kind of radio-frequency recognition system.
Background technology
Proposition along with Internet of Things concept, REID obtains high speed development, in fields such as industry, agricultural, business, be widely used, such as the merchandise control in public transport charge system, logistics management, personnel's security monitoring and the control of production run and supermarket etc., REID has been deep into the every aspect of people's life.
Early stage people adopt optical technology automatically to set, and as bar code, are the symbols that lines are combined according to certain coding rule, scan the light signal that obtains one group of reflection by barcode scanner, through decoding, are reduced to data.Bar code cost is lower, has perfect standards system, is applicable to the occasion that demand is large and data needn't be changed, and in the whole world, disseminates, so generally accepted.But bar code is visual techniques, must under people's operation, work; And it can only accept signal within the vision, if bar code is scratched, pollute, come off, scanner is just beyond recognition identification; More easy to wear, and data volume is very little.
Along with the development of radio-frequency technique, radio-frequency card is day by day favored and is paid attention to, and its maximum advantage is noncontact, while completing identification work, without manual intervention, is applicable to realize robotization and not fragile; Radio-frequency card is swift and convenient to operate, can identify high-speed moving object, and multinomial identification simultaneously; Be not afraid of the rugged environments such as oil stain, contamination by dust, alternative artificial or bar code.
REID mainly adopts the mode of electromagnetic coupled and electromagnetic radiation, realizes each type objects and equipment moving, automatic identification, tracing and managing under static and rugged surroundings.Be widely applied to vehicle management, expressway tol lcollection, the aspects such as line management and ticket management.
Internet of Things can large-scale application one of prerequisite be exactly the cost of electronic tag, all commodity are stamped electronic tag if, the annual production of electronic tag will be over 10,000,000,000 so, label cost just can drop to below 10 cents, this price may be able to be accepted for commodity such as automobile, refrigerator, TV, mobile phones, but cost is still very high for the low price commodity such as toothpaste, towel, bulb, so label cost is the key factor of bitter networking large-scale application.And the cost of label depends primarily on the cost of label chip, in order to reduce the cost of label, various chipless labels are suggested, document 1:C.S.Hartmann. A global SAW ID tag with large data capacity [C]. in Proc.IEEE Ultrasonics Symp., Montreal, Canada, 2002.8.pp:65-69. first discloses the rfid system of chipless label, utilize time domain to carry out data encoding, label antenna receives the incident pulse of read write line transmitting, then by SAW medium, can form the signal of a pulse code modulation (PCM), code capacity has reached 64bits.Document 2:J.C.Liiu, J.H.Yao. Wireless RF identification system based on SAW[J]. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2008. 55 (2). pp:958-961. discloses dispersive delay line expansion and the compressed signal of having used a pair of SAW (SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) filter), by desensitization, improves jamproof performance.Document 3:S.Harma, W.G.Arthur, C.S.Hartmann et al. Inline SAW RFID tag using time position and phase encoding[J]. IEEE Trans.Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Control.2008.55 (8) .pp:1840-1846. discloses the chipless label based on SAW that utilizes short solid metal reflector to encode.SAW can not realize printing completely, because the base material based on SAW is piezoelectric, needs the photoetching technique of sub-micron, this material expensive, and its cost has approached the label cost of traditional microarray strip.In order to reduce the cost of this label, document 4:C. Mandel, M. SchuBler, M. Maasch et al. A novel passive phase modulator based on LH delay lines for chipless microwave RFID applications[C]. presented at the IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Workshop on Wireless Sensing, Local Positioning, and RFID, Cavtat, Croatia, 2009.9.pp:24-29., the chipless label of conductive ink material design is cheaply disclosed, but the volume of this label is larger, and code capacity is less.Document 5:Sudhir Shrestha, Mercyma Balachandran, Mangilal Agarwal et al. A Chipless RFID Sensor System for Cyber Centeric Monitoring Applications[J]. IEEE Transaction on Microwave theory and techniques.2009.57 (5) .pp:1303-1309. discloses by antenna, identifying information produces the label of circuit and sensor composition, utilize single transmission line to produce PPM signal indication cognizance code, utilize the phase place of antenna mode reflected impulse to change the information of carrying out detecting sensor.Document 6:Shulabh Gupta, Babak Nikfal, Christophe Caloz. Chipless RFID System Based on Group Delay Engineered Dispersive Delay Structures[J]. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters. 2011.10.pp:1366-1368. discloses the chipless label of the C type dispersive delay line structure based on group delay design, structure provides simply, the ability of the pulse position modulation (PPM) of the measurable multi-system of frequency coding.Chipless label based on frequency domain encoding is also suggested, document 7:Stevan Preradovic, Isaac Balbin, Nemai Chandra Karmakar et al. Multiresonator-Based Chipless RFID System for Low-Cost Item Tracking[J]. IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 2009.57 (5) .pp:1411-1419. disclose the rfid system for the chipless label of travelling belt, utilize frequency spectrum to encode, the generation of its frequency spectrum mainly relies on a plurality of rejection filters on label to produce the signal of specific frequency, and label must transmit and receive two surface antennas formations, emitting antenna and receiving antenna must orthogonal polarizations.Increase its code capacity, must area increased, the reading and writing device system of the chipless label of the first generation and the second generation has been proposed simultaneously, designed the chipless label based on UWB system.Document 8:Randika V. Koswatta, Nemai C. Karmakar. A Novel Reader Architecture Based on UWB Chirp Signal Interrogation for Multiresonator-Based Chipless RFID Tag Reading[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 2012.60 (9) .pp:2925-2933. disclose by VCO, Mixer and LPF form chipless tag read-write equipment, and the clear and definite chipless label that provided is realized decoding in time domain.In order to reduce the area of chipless label, document 9:C.M.Nijas, R.Dinesh, U.Deepak et al. Chipless RFID Tag Using Multiple Microstrip Open Stub Resonators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. 2012.60 (9) .pp:4429-4432. disclose and have utilized the open circuit minor matters of L-type to produce resonance frequency, with compact ultra-wideband antenna, replaced single-stage circular antenna, reduced the area of label, but this label still needs to receive and launch the antenna of two sides orthogonal polarization.Document 10:Isaac Balbin, Nemai Chandra Karmakar. Phase-Encoded Chipless RFID Transponder for Large-Scale Low-Cost Applications[J]. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters. 2009. 19 (8) .pp:509-511. disclose the phase encoding chipless label based on frequency domain, the chipless label that consists of 3bits the high resistant micro-strip paster antenna of three open circuits, distinguishes signal according to the phase characteristic of back-scattered signal.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of deficiency that overcomes existing electronic tag, can simpler and easily make, cost is lower, can replace the radio frequency chipless label of bar code.
Electronic tag of the present invention by one on it for its lower gap for the removal conductive layer on the substrate of dielectric layer of conductive layer or/and do not remove the region of conductive layer and form, remove the gap shortest length L of conductive layer
minmeet with electronic tag reading frequency
, wherein C is the light velocity,
relative dielectric constant for insulating medium.
In electronic tag of the present invention, on substrate, there are two above conductive layer gaps of removing, the gap length in its left side of the Length Ratio in arbitrary gap is slightly long, or the gap length on its right side of Length Ratio in arbitrary gap is slightly long, the minimum length in adjacent two gaps poor when reading unlikely causing distinguish resonance frequency difficulty and determine.
Adopt radio-frequency recognition system or ultrahigh-frequency radio-frequency identification system to scan electronic tag of the present invention, under the effect of radiofrequency signal, corresponding gap can produce resonance, reads its resonance frequency; There is not resonance in the region of not removing conductive layer, can not attend school corresponding information yet, so can form 0 state different from two kinds of 1, forms binary coding.By increasing or remove the gap of corresponding characteristic frequency, just the spectrum signature of different coding can be obtained, by a plurality of these class codings, different label substances can be formed.
Electronic tag of the present invention can be prepared by lithographic method with printed circuit board (PCB), also can prepare by plating out or print out with plating mode on insulation medium board with the method for the conductive layer in described gap.
Compare with existing chipless technology, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) label construction of the present invention is similar to bar code, and easily coding, prints conveniently, with low cost, can directly print or be fabricated on commodity and goods, and be a kind of optimal selection of alternative bar code.
(2) label sizes of the present invention is less, utilizes RCS to carry out spectrum coding, and can remove the UWB antenna of two transmitting-receiving quadratures of label, has greatly reduced the size of label.
accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention, and four gaps in figure represent 1111 codings.
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the RCS spectrum structure of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 presentation code is the label schematic diagram of 1010 embodiment.
The RCS spectrum structure of Fig. 5 presentation graphs 4.
Fig. 6 presentation code is the label schematic diagram of 0011 embodiment.
The RCS spectrum structure of Fig. 7 presentation graphs 6.
Fig. 8 presentation code is the label schematic diagram of 1001 embodiment.
The RCS spectrum structure of Fig. 9 presentation graphs 8.
In above accompanying drawing, with hatched region, be upper conductive layer gap, removal surface, with dotted line is the region that surface conduction layer is removed at end.
Embodiment
The present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing explain orally in more detail.
Following embodiment of the present invention realizes on Rogers 5870 one side substrates, and the upper strata of its substrate is metal level, and lower floor is insulating medium layer, relative dielectric constant
, loss tangent
.On the metal level on substrate upper strata, can form the gap of removing metal level or the coding region of not removing metal level.The embodiments of the invention that accompanying drawing provides are with the gap of the removal metal level of four different lengths or the combination of not removing metal level, on dielectric-slab, form the resonant circuit of 4bits coding, by changing the length in different gaps, the resonance frequency in adjustable corresponding gap, just can realize different coded combinations by increasing or remove gap.
In the technical scheme of accompanying drawing 1,4,6,8, the length in four gaps is respectively L
1,l
2,l
3and L
4; The width in gap is W
slot, the distance between gap is d.The length and width of substrate are respectively L and W, and the thickness of substrate is h.Conductor layer of the present invention only has top layer, and bottom is without conductor, without bottom ground, referring to Fig. 2.
Four Zhong， gap, gap shortest length L that remove metal level in accompanying drawing 1
min(in accompanying drawing leftmost one) meets with electronic tag reading frequency f
, wherein C is the light velocity,
relative dielectric constant for medium.As can be seen here, the resonance frequency in gap of the present invention is mainly to be determined by gap length, and the length range in gap is from 26mm to 86mm, if gap is too short, will be not can resonance, gap is oversize, will make the area of label increase, and form intensive resonance range at low frequency end.The gap length on all the other Jun Biqi left sides, each gap is long, and in an embodiment of the present invention, article one gap length is 26mm, the large 6mm of Length Ratio article one in second gap, the long 6mm of Length Ratio second in the 3rd gap, the 3rd long 6mm of the 4th ratio.The width Ws lot in gap finely tunes change to resonance frequency, and span can be from 0.5 to 2mm.If the length difference in the present invention between adjacent slits is very little, it is very near that resonance frequency will be leaned on, and the length difference between the chipless electronic tag gap of unitary Item capacity can be obtained very little, generally get 1mm, but can not be too small, too small meeting causes resonance frequency to distinguish difficulty, causes error code in the future.If the length difference between gap is excessive, will reduces code efficiency, and then increase the area of label.In Fpir Crevices gap chipless electronic tag, in order to make tuning-points be evenly distributed in 2GHz in the frequency range of 5GHz, the length difference of adjacent slits is got 6mm.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural drawing that are encoded to the chipless label of 1010 o'clock, and in figure, the length in two gaps is respectively 32mm and 44mm, and the distance between two gaps is 5mm.Length in Fig. 1, be namely that two gaps that 26mm and length are 38mm delete.
Accompanying drawing 6 is the structural drawing that are encoded to the chipless label of 0011 o'clock, and in figure, the length in two gaps is respectively 26mm and 32mm.Length in Fig. 1, be namely that two gaps that 38mm and length are 44mm delete.
Accompanying drawing 8 is the structural drawing that are encoded to the chipless label of 1001 o'clock, and in figure, the length in two gaps is respectively 26mm and 44mm.Length in Fig. 1, be namely that two gaps that 32mm and length are 38mm delete.
The present invention adopts the vector network analyzer E8362B(10MHz-20GHz of Agilent company in experiment) test, the input/output port of network analyzer connects the dual-mode antenna of ultra broadband, when a continuous frequency sweep ripple of output port output, by the backscattering of I groove part gap resonator, receiving end receives the frequency spectrum with certain coding characteristic, obtains as accompanying drawing 3,5,7, the 9 RCS spectrum structures that show.
Fig. 3 is when four gaps all exist, 1111 codings that the RCS frequency spectrum that read write line receives carries out, and the tuning-points that wherein 2.83GHz is corresponding is highest significant position, the tuning-points that 4.68GHz is corresponding is least significant bit (LSB).The 1010 RCS spectrograms of encoding and receiving through read write line that Fig. 5 forms for ought only cutting out the conductive layer at second gap and place, the 4th gap, its intermediate frequency spectrum correspondence only has the resonance at 3.29GHz and 4.68GHz place.Fig. 7 is the 0011 RCS spectrogram of encoding and receiving through read write line that cuts out the conductive layer formation at the 3rd gap and place, the 4th gap, and its intermediate frequency spectrum correspondence only has the resonance at 2.83GHz and 3.29GHz place.Fig. 9 is the 1010 RCS spectrograms of encoding and receiving through read write line that cut out the conductive layer formation at article one gap and place, the 3rd gap, and its intermediate frequency spectrum correspondence only has the resonance at 2.83GHz and 4.68GHz place.
The arrangement in gap when four kinds of codings have only been enumerated in this explanation.When the present invention applies other coding, the arrangement in gap is also to follow above-mentioned rule, and can adopt the gap of more or/and do not remove the region of metal level.In concrete application, can pass through the information of RCS (Radar Cross-Section) identification label of reception label, or prepare in addition special reading device.
Obviously; the present invention can also have other multiple embodiments; in the situation that not deviating from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof, those of ordinary skill in the art can be according to the various corresponding distortion of the invention process, but these corresponding change and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. an electronic tag, it is characterized in that electronic tag by one on it for its lower gap for the removal conductive layer on the substrate of dielectric layer of conductive layer or/and do not remove the region of conductive layer and form, remove the gap shortest length L of conductive layer
minmeet with electronic tag reading frequency
, wherein C is the light velocity,
for the specific inductive capacity of insulating medium layer, utilize the spectrum structure of the RCS of label to obtain information coding.
2. electronic tag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that having on substrate two above conductive layer gaps of removing, the gap length in its left side of the Length Ratio in arbitrary gap is slightly long, or the gap length on its right side of Length Ratio in arbitrary gap is slightly long, the minimum length in adjacent two gaps poor when reading unlikely causing distinguish resonance frequency difficulty and determine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310576240.1A CN103593697A (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Radio frequency identification tag |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310576240.1A CN103593697A (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Radio frequency identification tag |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103593697A true CN103593697A (en) | 2014-02-19 |
Family
ID=50083828
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310576240.1A Pending CN103593697A (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Radio frequency identification tag |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103955731A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-30 | 集美大学 | Chip-free label of gap ring structure |
| CN105956645A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-21 | 集美大学 | Electronic tag without chip |
| CN107220692A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-29 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of method and its label for improving chipless RFID tag amplitude coding efficiency |
| CN107292371A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-10-24 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of chipless RFID label and its RCS amplitude coding methods based on fractal technology |
| CN108596321A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 兰州大学 | A kind of programmable chipless electronic tag |
| CN109447230A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-08 | 厦门物之联智能科技有限公司 | A kind of optical electron bimodulus anti-counterfeiting system |
| CN114258544A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2022-03-29 | 柯尼卡美能达株式会社 | Label (R) |
| WO2022138225A1 (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-30 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Tag group, design device, design method, learned model, and identification device |
| WO2024074160A1 (en) | 2022-10-05 | 2024-04-11 | České vysoké učení technické v Praze | Chipless radio frequency identificator transponder |
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2013
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103955731A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-30 | 集美大学 | Chip-free label of gap ring structure |
| CN105956645A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-21 | 集美大学 | Electronic tag without chip |
| CN107220692A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-29 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of method and its label for improving chipless RFID tag amplitude coding efficiency |
| CN107292371A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-10-24 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of chipless RFID label and its RCS amplitude coding methods based on fractal technology |
| CN108596321A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 兰州大学 | A kind of programmable chipless electronic tag |
| CN109447230A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-08 | 厦门物之联智能科技有限公司 | A kind of optical electron bimodulus anti-counterfeiting system |
| CN114258544A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2022-03-29 | 柯尼卡美能达株式会社 | Label (R) |
| EP4024277A4 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2022-10-05 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Tag |
| US11934901B2 (en) | 2019-08-26 | 2024-03-19 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Tag |
| WO2022138225A1 (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-30 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Tag group, design device, design method, learned model, and identification device |
| WO2024074160A1 (en) | 2022-10-05 | 2024-04-11 | České vysoké učení technické v Praze | Chipless radio frequency identificator transponder |
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