CN103592625A - Distributed type time difference receiving machine system based on photoelectric technology - Google Patents
Distributed type time difference receiving machine system based on photoelectric technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103592625A CN103592625A CN201310563191.8A CN201310563191A CN103592625A CN 103592625 A CN103592625 A CN 103592625A CN 201310563191 A CN201310563191 A CN 201310563191A CN 103592625 A CN103592625 A CN 103592625A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/003—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/003—Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/91—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
- G01S13/913—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control for landing purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/42—Diversity systems specially adapted for radar
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
- H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks
- H04B10/25753—Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
- H04B10/25754—Star network topology
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a distributed type time difference receiving machine system based on the photoelectric technology for overcoming the defects of a cable type multi-point positioning system. The distributed type time difference receiving machine system comprises 8 to 20 substation receiving front ends and a centralized type receiving and processing main station, wherein the substation receiving front ends are connected with the centralized type receiving and processing main station. In addition, each substation receiving front end is composed of an antenna, a coupler, a front end optical modulator, a front end optical demodulator and a front end optical multiplexer. The centralized type receiving and processing main station is composed of substation receiving rear ends, a pulse calibration source generator, a standard and sampling clock generator and an A/D and time measurement module, wherein the substation receiving front ends are connected with the centralized type receiving and the processing main station 2 through transmission optical fibers. The distributed type time difference receiving machine system has the main advantages that microwave signal transmission and calibration of a multi-station receiving machine are achieved through microwave photoelectric multiplexing, the stations are flexibly distributed, the time difference measurement accuracy is high, the electromagnetic compatibility is high, and the cost is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flying object directional surveillance and bootstrap technique field, specifically belong to the multistation time difference receiver based on photoelectric technology, be particularly useful for the distributed time difference receiver system of airport III level comprehensive traffic and director radar system.The present invention adopts the multiplexing multistation receiver microwave signal that realizes of RF-MW Photonics to transmit and calibration, has solved the problems such as distributed reception machine cloth station is flexible, and TOA measurement accuracy is high, and Electro Magnetic Compatibility is strong, and cost is relatively cheap, has very strong social effect and marketable value.
Background technology
At present, Civil Aviation System is mainly to be monitored with guidance system (claiming again MLAT multipoint location system) and realized by airport III level comprehensive traffic to the monitoring of the bearing of aircraft and guiding.In this system, by a plurality of far-ends receptions substation being arranged within the scope of airport or on air route, receive airborne answer signal, the answer signal that accurately records target arrives the time of each far-end receiving station, utilizes multistation difference data time of arrival, obtains the hi-Fix information of target.
This system need to possess following three features: the first, and require this system to there is high position precision, and it is high under prerequisite with low cost, to have high measuring accuracy; The second, require this system suitability strong, can meet the impact that the difference of the physical environment between different airports and the variation of airport self environment bring, can receive with tens meters, processing master station and arrive flexible cloth station in the scope of several kms in distance set Chinese style; The 3rd, require to possess good electromagnetism resistance, because airport periphery electromagnetic environment is complicated, in order to reduce the error of locating information, receiver system should have the ability of opposing electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Due to receiving station's antenna reception to be microwave signal, according to traditional signal transmission form, the transmission of signal between far-end receiving station and main website can adopt microwave-digital transmission and two kinds of modes of microwave transmission.
When adopting microwave-digital transmission mode, need to receive substation at each and complete the work such as microwave frequency band Radar Signal Processing, then transfer digital signal to and be sent to master station.Which need to receive substation power supply up to several hectowatts to each, and substation electric power system is complicated; In which, Radar Signal Processing is carried out respectively in each substation, and the environment difference between different substations need to be processed respectively, and the signal processing system of substation is very complicated, above 2 dirigibilities that are unfavorable for improving cloth station, substation.
When adopting microwave transmission mode, each data transmission receiving between substation and master station adopts the mode of microwave cable to transmit, the microwave cable length correlation that the signal transmission attenuation under which and this system adopt.Especially when distant between each reception substation, (be generally tens meters to several kms), the loss being caused by microwave cable is that tens dB are to hundreds of dB; Secondly, even if the loss that adopted amplifier offset changes once receive the position of substation, loss also has greatly changed, above 2 be unfavorable for each cloth station, substation flexibly.In addition,, under which, due to the limitation of microwave cable self structure principle, cause the signal transmitting by microwave cable to be subject to the impact of external electromagnetic environment larger.And, microwave cable need to be laid a large amount of pipelines, and when converge to control center each reception substation, the bore of microwave cable is thicker, and need additional mask technique and equipment to avoid the interference between each microwave cable, directly cause the expense of cost increase, laying difficulty and later maintenance high, overhaul the problems such as difficulty.
And adopt optical fiber, be transmission medium, during with the received microwave signal of the form transmit antenna of light, first, optical fiber is less to the loss of the light signal at communication window wavelength place; The second, the light signal transmitting in optical cable is subject to the impact of external electromagnetic environment less.Therefore, with optical fiber, connect each distributed reception substation and centralized processing and reception master station, will contribute to improve the dirigibility that respectively receives cloth station, substation, the cost of reduction system aspect electromagnetic screen.
Summary of the invention
Target of the present invention is intended to realize the flexible cloth of MLAT multipoint location system medium and long distance and stands in the target that reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) under tens meters of scopes to 10 kms and complex electromagnetic environment, to provide a kind of cloth station flexible, TOA measurement accuracy is high, Electro Magnetic Compatibility is strong, the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology that cost is relatively cheap.Concrete structure of the present invention is:
Distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology, comprises that n substation receiving front-end and 1 centralized reception form with processing master station 2, and the span of n is between 8 to 20; Described n substation receiving front-end number consecutively be the first substation receiving front-end 101, the second substation receiving front-end 102 ... until n substation receiving front-end 10n, a said n substation receiving front-end is connected with processing master station 2 with centralized reception respectively, in addition:
Each substation receiving front-end forms by antenna 4, coupling mechanism 5, front end photomodulator 6, front end optical demodulator 7 and front end optical multiplexer 8, wherein, coupling mechanism 5 has two signal input ports and a signal output port, and the signal and communication end of antenna 4 is connected with one of them signal input port of coupling mechanism 5; By front end photomodulator 6, the signal output part of coupling mechanism 5 is connected with the signal input part of front end optical multiplexer 8, by front end optical demodulator 7, another signal input port of coupling mechanism 5 is connected with the signal output part of front end optical multiplexer 8;
Centralized reception with process master station 2 by forming with consistent reception rear end, n substation, 9,1 benchmark of 1 pulse scale source generator and the sampling clock generator 10 of substation receiving front-end quantity and 1 A/D and time measurement module 11; Reception rear end, described n substation is corresponding one by one with an aforesaid n substation, and numbering be followed successively by the first reception rear end, substation 201, the second reception rear end, substation 202 ... until reception rear end, n substation 20n; Wherein, each reception rear end, substation forms by rear end optical multiplexer 12, rear end optical demodulator 13, rear end photomodulator 14 and rear end logarithmic detector 15; By rear end optical demodulator 13, the output terminal of rear end optical multiplexer 12 is connected with the signal input part of rear end logarithmic detector 15, the signal output part of rear end logarithmic detector 15 is connected with the signal input part of time measurement module 11 with A/D; By rear end photomodulator 14, the input end of rear end optical multiplexer 12 is connected with the signal output part of pulse scale source generator 9;
The signal input part of pulse scale source generator 9 is connected with the signal output part of sampling clock generator 10 with benchmark;
By n Transmission Fibers 3, the two-way signaling transmission ends of front end optical multiplexer 8 in n substation receiving front-end is connected one by one with the two-way signaling transmission ends of rear end optical multiplexer 12 in reception rear end, n substation, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer 8 in the first substation receiving front-end 101 is connected by a Transmission Fibers 3 with the two-way signaling transmission ends of the first 201Nei rear end, reception rear end, substation optical multiplexer 12, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer 8 in the second substation receiving front-end 102 is connected by a Transmission Fibers 3 with the two-way signaling transmission ends of the second 202Nei rear end, reception rear end, substation optical multiplexer 12, the like, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer 8 in the receiving front-end 10n of n substation is connected by a Transmission Fibers 3 with the two-way signaling transmission ends of 20nNei rear end, reception rear end, n substation optical multiplexer 12.
major advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention adopts the multiplexing multistation receiver microwave signal that realizes of RF-MW Photonics to transmit and calibration, microwave signal is modulated to optical frequency by being focused on by optical fiber transmission to master station, loss is less insensitive to length, and Electro Magnetic Compatibility is strong, has solved the flexible problem in distributed reception machine cloth station; The problems such as adopt pulse scale source to calibrate Measuring Time, TOA measurement accuracy is high simultaneously, and cost is relatively cheap, have very strong social effect and marketable value;
1, between each distributed reception substation, and distance and distribution between each distributed reception substation and centralized reception and processing main website can change flexibly.When light signal transmits in optical fiber, its loss very little (when not considering splicing loss, the loss of SM28-e type general single mode fiber in 1450nm arrives 1650nm wavelength coverage is generally lower than 0.25dB/km).In the case, the loss of signal that each front end receives between substation and centralized reception and processing main website is less, avoid the restriction of the cloth station scope that microwave cable brings due to larger loss when long Distance Transmission signal, used optical fiber can solve distributed reception machine flexible problem in cloth station in larger region as signal transmission medium;
2, because each distributed reception substation only need complete the reception of target electric signal, calibration electric signal and be modulated to the work of optical frequency, do not needed the processing of radar target signal, each power consumption that receives substation is less, below 10W.Therefore, receiving substation neither needs high power electric power supply system, does not also need complicated signal processing system, so each distributed reception substation is simple and compact for structure, is conducive to flexible cloth station, substation;
When 3, light signal transmits in Transmission Fibers, insensitive to electromagnetic interference (EMI), the mode compared with adopting microwave cable signal transmission, greatly reduces the cost of system aspect electromagnetic screen, and cost is relatively cheap, is more conducive to the work of radar in airport environment;
4, the present invention adopts Optical Fiber Transmission pulse scale source to calibrate Measuring Time.Through actual measurement, optical fiber radio frequency transmission system, all there is good performance its phase stability, transmission delay stability and waveform conformal aspect.Concrete test findings: the phase jitter of 5Km Optical Fiber Transmission 1GHz radiofrequency signal is 0.47 degree that fluctuates, and standard deviation is 0.10 degree; Radio signal transmission time delay is done after average treatment getting 100 data, analytical test data, the standard deviation of known its delay variation is under 4ps～21ps(test indoor conditions: optical fiber radio frequency transmission system input signal is-acquired results during 15dBm～-42dBm); Under the prerequisite of signal transmission bandwidth of rationally determining optical transmitter and receiver, rising edge and the negative edge impact of optical fiber radio frequency transmission pulse signals are less, and all in ns rank, its long-distance transmissions paired pulses transmission delay impact is very little, even can ignore completely.The problems such as therefore, native system TOA measurement accuracy is high, and Electro Magnetic Compatibility is strong, and cost is relatively cheap, have very strong social effect and marketable value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings design feature of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology, comprises that n substation receiving front-end and 1 centralized reception form with processing master station 2, and the span of n is between 8 to 20; Described n substation receiving front-end number consecutively be the first substation receiving front-end 101, the second substation receiving front-end 102 ... until n substation receiving front-end 10n, a said n substation receiving front-end is connected with processing master station 2 with centralized reception respectively, in addition:
Each substation receiving front-end forms by antenna 4, coupling mechanism 5, front end photomodulator 6, front end optical demodulator 7 and front end optical multiplexer 8, wherein, coupling mechanism 5 has two signal input ports and a signal output port, and the signal and communication end of antenna 4 is connected with one of them signal input port of coupling mechanism 5; By front end photomodulator 6, the signal output part of coupling mechanism 5 is connected with the signal input part of front end optical multiplexer 8, by front end optical demodulator 7, another signal input port of coupling mechanism 5 is connected with the signal output part of front end optical multiplexer 8;
Centralized reception with process master station 2 by forming with consistent reception rear end, n substation, 9,1 benchmark of 1 pulse scale source generator and the sampling clock generator 10 of substation receiving front-end quantity and 1 A/D and time measurement module 11; Reception rear end, described n substation is corresponding one by one with an aforesaid n substation, and numbering be followed successively by the first reception rear end, substation 201, the second reception rear end, substation 202 ... until reception rear end, n substation 20n; Wherein, each reception rear end, substation forms by rear end optical multiplexer 12, rear end optical demodulator 13, rear end photomodulator 14 and rear end logarithmic detector 15; By rear end optical demodulator 13, the output terminal of rear end optical multiplexer 12 is connected with the signal input part of rear end logarithmic detector 15, the signal output part of rear end logarithmic detector 15 is connected with the signal input part of time measurement module 11 with A/D; By rear end photomodulator 14, the input end of rear end optical multiplexer 12 is connected with the signal output part of pulse scale source generator 9;
The signal input part of pulse scale source generator 9 is connected with the signal output part of sampling clock generator 10 with benchmark;
By n Transmission Fibers 3, the two-way signaling transmission ends of front end optical multiplexer 8 in n substation receiving front-end is connected one by one with the two-way signaling transmission ends of rear end optical multiplexer 12 in reception rear end, n substation, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer 8 in the first substation receiving front-end 101 is connected by a Transmission Fibers 3 with the two-way signaling transmission ends of the first 201Nei rear end, reception rear end, substation optical multiplexer 12, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer 8 in the second substation receiving front-end 102 is connected by a Transmission Fibers 3 with the two-way signaling transmission ends of the second 202Nei rear end, reception rear end, substation optical multiplexer 12, the like, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer 8 in the receiving front-end 10n of n substation is connected by a Transmission Fibers 3 with the two-way signaling transmission ends of 20nNei rear end, reception rear end, n substation optical multiplexer 12.
Say further, this distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology is carried out detection mode and two kinds of mode of operations of calibration mode simultaneously; In detection mode, this distributed time difference receiver system receives the echo signal of flying object, completes the target with high precision location to flying object; In calibration mode, this distributed time difference receiver system carries out the calibration of Measuring Time to all receivers, i.e. the calibration to the Measuring Time between n substation receiving front-end improves the target detection precision to flying object.
Say further, antenna 4, is responsible for receiving the target electric signal that extraterrestrial target sends, and the frequency range of target electric signal is 1080MHz～1100MHz.Coupling mechanism 5, is responsible for being received from the target electric signal that the antenna 4 that is connected transmits, and this target electric signal is passed to front end optical multiplexer 8 through front end photomodulator 6; Coupling mechanism 5 is also received from front end optical demodulator 7 and transmits the calibration electric signal that next frequency is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and this calibration electric signal is passed to front end optical multiplexer 7 through front end photomodulator 6.Front end photomodulator 6, be responsible for the target electric signal receiving from coupling mechanism 5 and calibration electric signal to be together converted to wavelength after the light signal between 1520nm～1620nm, deliver to front end optical multiplexer 8, the target light signal and the descending calibration light signal that in the light signal of front end photomodulator 6 conversions, comprise, and corresponding with target electric signal and calibration electric signal before conversion.Front end optical demodulator 7, be responsible for receiving, wavelength up calibration light signal 1260nm～1350nm between that send here from front end optical multiplexer 8, and deliver to the coupling branch road in coupling mechanism 5 after converting this up calibration light signal the calibration electric signal of frequency between 1080MHz～1100MHz to.Front end optical multiplexer 8, target light signal and the descending calibration light signal of being responsible for front end photomodulator 6 to send are passed to corresponding rear end optical multiplexer 12 through Transmission Fibers 3; Meanwhile, front end optical multiplexer 8 also receives through this Transmission Fibers 3 the up calibration light signal being operated in that corresponding rear end optical multiplexer 12 is sent here.Transmission Fibers 3, is responsible for the front end optical multiplexer 5 in the receiving front-end of substation to be connected with the rear end optical multiplexer 12 in corresponding reception rear end, substation.Rear end optical multiplexer 12, is responsible for the target light signal receiving and descending calibration light signal to deliver to rear end optical demodulator 13; Meanwhile, rear end optical multiplexer 12 by from rear end photomodulator 14, receive up target light signal, through Transmission Fibers 3, be sent to corresponding front end optical multiplexer 8.Rear end optical demodulator 13, is responsible for the target light signal receiving from rear end optical multiplexer 12 and descending calibration light signal light signal to revert to the electric signal that frequency is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and the electric signal transmission after this is recovered is to rear end logarithmic detector 15; In electric signal after recovery, include target electric signal and calibration electric signal, and consistent with target electric signal and calibration electric signal in corresponding substation receiving front-end.Rear end photomodulator 14, is responsible for receiving the calibration electric signal being produced by pulse scale source generator 9, and is sent to rear end optical multiplexer 12 after this calibration electric signal is converted to the up calibration light signal being operated between wavelength 1260nm～1350nm.Rear end logarithmic detector 15, is responsible for carrying out detection acquisition video echo pulse signal to send the calibration electric signal of frequency 1 here from rear end optical demodulator 13, and the video echo pulse signal of acquisition is delivered to A/D and time measurement module 11.A/D and time measurement module 11, be responsible for receiving the video echo pulse signal of sending here from n group rear end logarithmic detector 15, and under the control of benchmark and sampling clock generator 10, said n group video echo pulse signal is carried out to the A/D conversion that sampling rate is 100MHz 8-bit, to arriving leading edge time, measure.Benchmark and sampling clock generator 10, be responsible for A/D and time measurement module 11 and pulse scale source generator 9 100MHz sampling clock and 10MHz reference clock be provided.Pulse scale source generator 9, is responsible for, under the control of benchmark and sampling clock generator 10, producing the pulse signal source of a string carrier frequency and frequency of operation, and the frequency of pulse signal source is between 1080MHz～1100MHz; Pulse scale source generator 9 produces pulse signal source and is divided into n road, delivers to respectively n the rear end photomodulator 14 being attached thereto.
Say further, video echo train of impulses is to meet direct current signal Annex10 standard format and after logarithmic detector.
Say further the fixing omnidirectional radiation structure radar that do not rotate that antenna 4 is 360 ° of levels; The operating frequency range of antenna 4 can be selected from 1087MHz～1093MHz, bandwidth of operation 10MHz, antenna gain >=4.5dB; The form of beams of antenna 4 is the omnidirectional receiving antenna of level, vertical direction beam angle >=75 °, and the polarization mode of antenna 4 is vertical polarization.
Say further, the frequency of operation of coupling mechanism 5 is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and the integrated function of electric signal amplifier, and signal gain is not less than 30dB.
Say further, the frequency of operation of front end photomodulator 6 is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1540nm～1560nm; The frequency of operation of front end optical demodulator 7 is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1300nm～1320nm; Transmission Fibers 3 is SM-28e type single-mode fiber, and cutoff wavelength is 1280nm; The frequency of operation of rear end optical demodulator 14 is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1300nm～1320nm; The frequency of operation of rear end photomodulator 13 is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1540nm～1560nm.
Say further, the output frequency of pulse scale source generator 9 is identical with the frequency of operation of antenna 4; Benchmark and sampling clock generator 10 output frequencies are 100MHz, local oscillator degree of stability≤10
-10/ ms, phase noise is-120dBc@1KHz; The dynamic range of A/D and time measurement module 11 is-70dBm～5dBm that sampling rate is 100MHz, 8 of data bit; The frequency range of rear end logarithmic detector 15: 1G～1.2G, tangential sensitivity is-70dBm that dynamic range is-70～+ 5dBm, sample frequency 100MHz, AD figure place 8 bits.
Say further, target electric signal is under detection mode, the electric signal being sent by flying object being received by antenna 4, and this signal carries the positional information of object, by front end distributed reception substation 1, to centralized reception and processing master station 2, is sent; Target light signal is under detection mode, the light signal that the electric signal being sent by flying object being received by antenna 4 forms after opto-electronic conversion, this signal carries the positional information of object, and is sent to centralized reception and processing master station 2 by each front end distributed reception substation 1; Calibration electric signal is under calibration mode, the electric signal being produced by pulse scale source generation module 13, and this signal carries the targeted message of receiver system, by centralized reception and processing master station 2, to each front end distributed reception substation 1, is sent; Up calibration light signal is under calibration mode, the laser signal being formed through opto-electronic conversion by calibration electric signal, and this signal carries the targeted message of receiver system, by centralized reception and processing master station 2, to each front end distributed reception substation 1, is sent; Descending calibration light signal refers under calibration mode, the laser signal being formed through opto-electronic conversion by calibration electric signal, and this signal carries the targeted message of receiver system, by each front end distributed reception substation 1, to centralized reception and processing master station 2, is sent.
Say further, the preferred frequency of operation of target electric signal and calibration electric signal is 1090MHz, and this frequency determines in order to meet the requirement that airport scene monitoring and termination environment monitor and air route monitors.Wherein, the dynamic of target electric signal is 75dB, and the dynamic of calibration electric signal is 50dB.
The preferred operation wavelength of target light signal and descending calibration light signal is 1550nm, and the preferred operation wavelength of up calibration light signal is 1310nm.Selecting above two wavelength is in order to meet the requirement of the minimal losses communication window of general single mode fiber, and it is the interference causing due to factors such as reflections when transmitting in optical fiber that two wavelength of optical signal are selected differences.In general, the power of light signal by the power of its corresponding electric signal, the enlargement factor of light signal is determined in the response degree of depth of electrooptic modulator and below link.But in native system, the electric signal that is amplified in of signal is partly completed, therefore the power for light signal does not have special requirement.
The signal coupling of coupling mechanism 5 is than being 20dB, and signal gain is 40dB.
When target electric signal is 1090MHz with the frequency of operation of calibration electric signal, the operation wavelength of target light signal and descending calibration light signal is 1550nm, the preferred operation wavelength of up calibration light signal is 1310nm, the specific works mode of this product is as described below: in this system, and the microwave signal that the frequency that antenna 4 reception extraterrestrial targets send is 1090MHz; Coupling mechanism 5 is received from the target electric signal that frequency that the antenna 4 that is connected transmits is 1090MHz, and this target electric signal is passed to front end optical multiplexer 8 through front end photomodulator 6; It is 1090MHz calibration electric signal that coupling mechanism 5 is also received from the next frequency of front end optical demodulator 6 transmission, and this calibration electric signal is passed to front end optical multiplexer 8 through front end photomodulator 6; The target electric signal that the frequency that 6 receptions of front end photomodulator are sent here from coupling mechanism 5 is 1090MHz and calibration electric signal, target electric signal and standing wave electric signal are modulated to 1550nm place and deliver to front end optical multiplexer 8, in this 1550nm laser, comprised target light signal and descending calibration light signal; Front end optical demodulator 7 receives the up calibration light signal that send here from front end optical multiplexer 8, wavelength is 1310nm, and converting thereof into frequency is the calibration electric signal of 1090MHz, and calibration electric signal is delivered to the coupling branch road in coupling mechanism 5; Front end optical multiplexer 8 is in down going channel, be responsible for to receive the target light signal that is operated in wavelength 1550nm and the descending calibration light signal that from front end optical demodulator 7, send, and light signal is passed to corresponding rear end optical multiplexer 101 through Transmission Fibers 3 independently; Meanwhile, front end optical multiplexer 8 is also responsible for receiving through same Transmission Fibers 3 and is transmitted the up calibration light signal that is operated in wavelength 1310nm that self-corresponding rear end that come, next optical multiplexer 12 is sent here; By Transmission Fibers 3, the front end optical multiplexer 8 in the receiving front-end of substation is connected with the rear end optical multiplexer 12 in corresponding reception rear end, substation; Rear end optical multiplexer 12, in down going channel, receives the target light signal that is operated in wavelength 1550nm and the descending calibration light signal from Transmission Fibers 3, sent here, and is delivered to rear end optical demodulator 13; Meanwhile, receive the up calibration light signal that is operated in wavelength 1310nm of sending here from rear end photomodulator 14, and delivered to Transmission Fibers 3; Rear end optical demodulator 13 receives target light signal and the descending calibration light signal that wavelength is 1550nm that be operated in of being sent here by rear end optical multiplexer 12, and is demodulated into the electric signal that frequency is 1090MHz, subsequently by this electric signal to rear end logarithmic detector 15; Rear end photomodulator 14 receives the calibration electric signal being produced by pulse scale source generator 9, and the calibration electric signal that is 1090MHz by this frequency is converted to after the light signal that is operated in wavelength 1310nm and wears and deliver to rear end optical multiplexer 11; Rear end logarithmic detector 14 is responsible for the calibration electric signal of sending here from rear end optical demodulator 12 to carry out detection, obtains video echo pulse signal; Subsequently the video echo pulse signal of acquisition is delivered to A/D and time measurement module 11; A/D and time measurement module 11 are responsible for receiving the video echo pulse signal of sending here from 10 groups of rear end logarithmic detectors 15, and under the control of benchmark and sampling clock generator 10, above-mentioned 10 groups of video echo pulse signals are carried out to the A/D conversion that sampling rate is 100MHz 8-bit, to arriving leading edge time, measure.Benchmark and sampling clock generator 10 provide 100MHz sampling clock and 10MHz reference clock for A/D and time measurement module 11 and pulse scale source generator 9; Pulse scale source generator 9, under the control of benchmark and sampling clock generator 10, produces the pulse signal source that a string frequency of operation is 1090MHz, and is divided into 10 tunnels and delivers to respectively 10 rear end photomodulators 13 of being attached thereto as calibration electric signal.In addition the fixing omnidirectional radiation structure radar that do not rotate that, antenna 3 is 360 ° of levels; Frequency of operation 1090MHz ± the 3MHz of antenna 3, bandwidth of operation 10MHz, antenna gain >=4.5dB; The form of beams of antenna 3 is the omnidirectional receiving antenna of level, vertical direction beam angle >=75 °, and the polarization mode of antenna 3 is vertical polarization.In addition, it is 100MHz that benchmark and sampling clock generator 9 give my output frequency, local oscillator degree of stability≤10
-10/ ms, phase noise is-120dBc@1KHz.In addition, the frequency of operation of front end photomodulator 5 is 1090 ± 10MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1550 ± 10nm; The frequency of operation of front end optical demodulator 6 is 1090 ± 10MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1310 ± 10nm; Transmission Fibers 3 is SM-28e type single-mode fiber, and cutoff wavelength is 1280nm; The frequency of operation of rear end optical demodulator 12 is 1090 ± 10MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1310 ± 10nm; The frequency of operation of rear end photomodulator 13 is 1090 ± 10MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1550 ± 10nm; The frequency range of rear end logarithmic detector 14: 1G～1.2G, tangential sensitivity is-70dBm that dynamic range is-70～+ 5dBm, sample frequency 100MHz, AD figure place 8 bits; The dynamic range of A/D and time measurement module 10 is-70dBm～5dBm that sampling rate is 100MHz, 8 of data bit; The output frequency of pulse scale source generator 8 is 1090MHz.
Claims (9)
1. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology, comprises that n substation receiving front-end and 1 centralized reception form with processing master station (2), and the span of n is between 8 to 20, described n substation receiving front-end number consecutively is the first substation receiving front-end (101), the second substation receiving front-end (102), until n substation receiving front-end (10n), a said n substation receiving front-end is connected with processing master station (2) with centralized reception respectively, it is characterized in that, each substation receiving front-end is by antenna (4), coupling mechanism (5), front end photomodulator (6), front end optical demodulator (7) and front end optical multiplexer (8) form, wherein, coupling mechanism (5) has two signal input ports and a signal output port, the signal and communication end of antenna (4) is connected with one of them signal input port of coupling mechanism (5), by front end photomodulator (6), the signal output part of coupling mechanism (5) is connected with the signal input part of front end optical multiplexer (8), by front end optical demodulator (7), another signal input port of coupling mechanism (5) is connected with the signal output part of front end optical multiplexer (8),
Centralized reception with process master station (2) by forming with the consistent reception rear end, n substation of substation receiving front-end quantity, 1 pulse scale source generator (9), 1 benchmark and sampling clock generator (10) and 1 A/D and time measurement module (11); Reception rear end, described n substation is corresponding one by one with an aforesaid n substation, and numbering be followed successively by the first reception rear end, substation (201), the second reception rear end, substation (202) ... until reception rear end, n substation (20n); Wherein, each reception rear end, substation forms by rear end optical multiplexer (12), rear end optical demodulator (13), rear end photomodulator (14) and rear end logarithmic detector (15); By rear end optical demodulator (13), the output terminal of rear end optical multiplexer (12) is connected with the signal input part of rear end logarithmic detector (15), the signal output part of rear end logarithmic detector (15) is connected with the signal input part of time measurement module (11) with A/D; By rear end photomodulator (14), the input end of rear end optical multiplexer (12) is connected with the signal output part of pulse scale source generator (9); The signal input part of pulse scale source generator (9) is connected with the signal output part of sampling clock generator (10) with benchmark;
By n Transmission Fibers (3), the two-way signaling transmission ends of front end optical multiplexer (8) in n substation receiving front-end is connected one by one with the two-way signaling transmission ends of rear end optical multiplexer (12) in reception rear end, n substation, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer (8) in the first substation receiving front-end (101) the rear end optical multiplexer (12) interior with the first reception rear end, substation (201) is connected by a Transmission Fibers (3), the two-way signaling transmission ends of the rear end optical multiplexer (12) that the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer (8) in the second substation receiving front-end (102) is interior with the second reception rear end, substation (202) is connected by a Transmission Fibers (3), the like, the two-way signaling transmission ends of the rear end optical multiplexer (12) that the two-way signaling transmission ends of the front end optical multiplexer (8) in n substation receiving front-end (10n) is interior with reception rear end, n substation (20n) is connected by a Transmission Fibers (3).
2. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology is carried out detection mode and two kinds of mode of operations of calibration mode simultaneously; In detection mode, this distributed time difference receiver system receives the echo signal of flying object, completes the target with high precision location to flying object; In calibration mode, this distributed time difference receiver system carries out the calibration of Measuring Time to all receivers, i.e. the calibration to the Measuring Time between n substation receiving front-end improves the target detection precision to flying object.
3. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, antenna (4) is responsible for receiving the target electric signal that extraterrestrial target sends, and the frequency range of target electric signal is 1080MHz～1100MHz; Coupling mechanism (5) is responsible for being received from the target electric signal that the antenna (4) that is connected transmits, and this target electric signal is passed to front end optical multiplexer (8) through front end photomodulator (6); Coupling mechanism (5) is also received from front end optical demodulator (7) and transmits the calibration electric signal that next frequency is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and this calibration electric signal is passed to front end optical multiplexer (7) through front end photomodulator (6);
Front end photomodulator (6) is responsible for the target electric signal receiving from coupling mechanism (5) and calibration electric signal to be together converted to wavelength after the light signal between 1520nm～1620nm, deliver to front end optical multiplexer (8), the target light signal and the descending calibration light signal that in the light signal of front end photomodulator (6) conversion, comprise, and corresponding with target electric signal and calibration electric signal before conversion;
That the responsible reception of front end optical demodulator (7) is sent here from front end optical multiplexer (8), the up calibration light signal of wavelength between 1260nm～1350nm, and deliver to the coupling branch road in coupling mechanism (5) after converting this up calibration light signal the calibration electric signal of frequency between 1080MHz～1100MHz to;
Target light signal and descending calibration light signal that front end optical multiplexer (8) is responsible for front end photomodulator (6) to send are passed to corresponding rear end optical multiplexer (12) through Transmission Fibers (3); Meanwhile, front end optical multiplexer (8) also receives through this Transmission Fibers (3) the up calibration light signal being operated in that corresponding rear end optical multiplexer (12) is sent here;
Transmission Fibers (3) is responsible for the front end optical multiplexer (5) in the receiving front-end of substation to be connected with the rear end optical multiplexer (12) in corresponding reception rear end, substation;
Rear end optical multiplexer (12) is responsible for the target light signal receiving and descending calibration light signal to deliver to rear end optical demodulator (13); Meanwhile, rear end optical multiplexer (12) will receive from rear end photomodulator (14) up target light signal, through Transmission Fibers (3), be sent to corresponding front end optical multiplexer (8);
Rear end optical demodulator (13) is responsible for the target light signal receiving from rear end optical multiplexer (12) and descending calibration light signal light signal to revert to the electric signal that frequency is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and the electric signal transmission after this is recovered is to rear end logarithmic detector (15); In electric signal after recovery, include target electric signal and calibration electric signal, and consistent with target electric signal and calibration electric signal in corresponding substation receiving front-end;
Rear end photomodulator (14) is responsible for receiving the calibration electric signal being produced by pulse scale source generator (9), and is sent to rear end optical multiplexer (12) after this calibration electric signal is converted to the up calibration light signal being operated between wavelength 1260nm～1350nm;
Rear end logarithmic detector (15) is responsible for carrying out detection acquisition video echo pulse signal to send the calibration electric signal of frequency 1 here from rear end optical demodulator (13), and the video echo pulse signal of acquisition is delivered to A/D and time measurement module (11);
A/D and time measurement module (11), be responsible for receiving the video echo pulse signal of sending here from n group rear end logarithmic detector (15), and under the control of benchmark and sampling clock generator (10), said n group video echo pulse signal is carried out to the A/D conversion that sampling rate is 100MHz 8-bit, to arriving leading edge time, measure;
Benchmark and sampling clock generator (10), be responsible for A/D and time measurement module (11) and pulse scale source generator (9) 100MHz sampling clock and 10MHz reference clock be provided;
Pulse scale source generator (9) is responsible for, under the control of benchmark and sampling clock generator (10), producing the pulse signal source of a string carrier frequency and frequency of operation, and the frequency of pulse signal source is between 1080MHz～1100MHz; Pulse scale source generator (9) produces pulse signal source and is divided into n road, delivers to respectively n the rear end photomodulator (14) being attached thereto.
4. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that, video echo train of impulses is to meet direct current signal Annex10 standard format and after logarithmic detector.
5. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the fixing omnidirectional radiation structure radar that do not rotate that antenna (4) is 360 ° of levels; The operating frequency range of antenna (4) can be selected from 1087MHz～1093MHz, bandwidth of operation 10MHz, antenna gain >=4.5dB; The form of beams of antenna (4) is the omnidirectional receiving antenna of level, vertical direction beam angle >=75 °, and the polarization mode of antenna (4) is vertical polarization.
6. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the frequency of operation of coupling mechanism (5) is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and the integrated function of electric signal amplifier, and signal gain is not less than 30dB.
7. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the frequency of operation of front end photomodulator (6) is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1540nm～1560nm;
The frequency of operation of front end optical demodulator (7) is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1300nm～1320nm;
Transmission Fibers (3) is SM-28e type single-mode fiber, and cutoff wavelength is 1280nm;
The frequency of operation of rear end optical demodulator (14) is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1300nm～1320nm;
The frequency of operation of rear end photomodulator (13) is 1080MHz～1100MHz, and operation wavelength is wavelength 1540nm～1560nm.
8. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the output frequency of pulse scale source generator (9) is identical with the frequency of operation of antenna (4);
Benchmark and sampling clock generator (10) output frequency are 100MHz, local oscillator degree of stability≤10
-10/ ms, phase noise is-120dBc@1KHz;
The dynamic range of A/D and time measurement module (11) is-70dBm～5dBm that sampling rate is 100MHz, 8 of data bit;
The frequency range of rear end logarithmic detector (15): 1G～1.2G, tangential sensitivity is-70dBm that dynamic range is-70～+ 5dBm, sample frequency 100MHz, AD figure place 8 bits.
9. the distributed time difference receiver system based on photoelectric technology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, target electric signal is under detection mode, the electric signal being sent by flying object being received by antenna (4), this signal carries the positional information of object, by front end distributed reception substation (1), to centralized reception and processing master station (2), is sent;
Target light signal is under detection mode, the light signal that the electric signal being sent by flying object being received by antenna (4) forms after opto-electronic conversion, this signal carries the positional information of object, and is sent to centralized reception and processing master station (2) by each front end distributed reception substation (1);
Calibration electric signal is under calibration mode, the electric signal being produced by pulse scale source generation module (13), and this signal carries the targeted message of receiver system, by centralized reception and processing master station (2), to each front end distributed reception substation (1), is sent;
Up calibration light signal is under calibration mode, the laser signal being formed through opto-electronic conversion by calibration electric signal, and this signal carries the targeted message of receiver system, by centralized reception and processing master station (2), to each front end distributed reception substation (1), is sent;
Descending calibration light signal refers under calibration mode, the laser signal being formed through opto-electronic conversion by calibration electric signal, and this signal carries the targeted message of receiver system, by each front end distributed reception substation (1), to centralized reception and processing master station (2), is sent.
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