CN103591958B - A kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses and method - Google Patents

A kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103591958B
CN103591958B CN201310561439.7A CN201310561439A CN103591958B CN 103591958 B CN103591958 B CN 103591958B CN 201310561439 A CN201310561439 A CN 201310561439A CN 103591958 B CN103591958 B CN 103591958B
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China
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unit
user
navigation
sensor
information
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CN103591958A (en
Inventor
王建军
樊建平
朱青松
岳冰心
谢耀钦
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/10Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
    • G01C21/12Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
    • G01C21/16Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
    • G01C21/165Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation combined with non-inertial navigation instruments
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/04Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by terrestrial means
    • G01C21/06Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by terrestrial means involving measuring of drift angle; involving correction for drift

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses and method.Wherein, described method includes: S1, employing sensor unit obtain the positional information of user, and carry out positioning calibration to acquired customer position information by positioning unit;S2, by communication unit obtain other association users positional information;S3, in navigation computing unit, input the positional information of different user, and calculate the guidance path between each customer location according to the indoor map information of memory element;S4, each association user use indicating member to carry out real-time route navigation.The present invention, by introducing intelligent glasses, not only simplifies whole navigation system structure, reduces cost, and can conveniently realize two or more and carry out real-time navigation all in the personnel of active state.

Description

A kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to airmanship, particularly relate to a kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses and method.
Background technology
In navigation field, the most outdoor airmanship mainly realizes being accurately positioned leading by GPS Boat, its precision is about between 5-20 rice, and when using movable signal location, precision is poor and can be faced with secrecy The problem of property.When using navigation, GPS is mainly used in the location to fixing target, not possessing user mutual Function.Use satellite-signal can face bigger signal attenuation during indoor navigation thus cause positioning inaccuracy, And the domain variability of conventional use wireless location technology is not carried out the real-time positioning shared navigation skill be correlated with Art, normally used be radio communication or positioned, mainly by the intensity matching of signal hot spot networks For fixing destination navigation.
The now exploitation of intelligent glasses enters a new stage, and intelligent glasses has in navigation field and obtains sky The thickest advantage: 1. by having an X-rayed, intelligent glasses shows that eyeglass enters in the case of making not affect reality perception The display of row navigation information, 2. intelligent glasses has the operating system of oneself, can carry out some wisdom computings Deng real time tasks, it is achieved work alone, 3. intelligent glasses can be by getting involved real-time performance real-time Communication for Power merit Can, it is simple to network interaction, 4. intelligent glasses is worn on eyes, conveniently carries out iris identification and carries out authentication.
It is rarely employed special indoor missing formula navigation positioning system in the market, carries out simply by broadcast Indicative searching, using effect may often be such that uncertain, the field that inapplicable Yu large-scale building structure is more complicated Institute.Chinese patent CN201110421695.7 mentions and uses twireless radio-frequency communication to read distinguishing of specific device Know label, carry out the location of person to be sought, and carry out corresponding identity validation by recognition of face, conveniently exist Personnel positioning in large-scale place and search.
In current large-scale place, (as child wanders away, visits people when needing the situation of searching personnel Member cooperates with losing, find the personnel of other laboratorys), broadcast system can be used to seek at information desk People, due to region, place bigger or a riot of sound time, broadcast system sound is likely to clearly to pass on, and Broadcast system may increase the sound pollution of indoor environment.
The scheme that Chinese patent CN201110421695.7 mentions has the disadvantage that: 1. need in whole indoor Space is laid radio frequency communication network, to realize the orientation problem of person to be sought, relatively costly;The most to be sought Person must wear RF identification label, this label must be indoor radio frequency network be capable of identify that and with other label areas Point;3. the monitoring arrangement of prosperity must be had in market such that it is able to gather facial image in time to carry out personnel Identifying, cost is high, and personnel's complex environment may not effectively work;4. there is no subsidiary communications, the person of being searched May be unaware that searcher is searching, probably due to constantly shift position and cause search to become multiple Miscellaneous, system effectiveness is relatively low;It is not 5. searched person and can not know the position of searcher in time, may result in personnel Emotional instability, produces puzzlement.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses and method, Ke Yifang Realize two or more the most efficiently and carry out real-time navigation all in the personnel of active state.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses, bag Include communication unit, memory element, sensor unit, positioning unit, navigation computing unit, indicating member with And connect and control the control unit of above each unit;
Described communication unit, is used for obtaining indoor map information and externally communicating;
Described memory element, cartographic information and user profile in locker room;
Described sensor unit, including direction sensor and acceleration transducer, for obtaining the position of user Information;
Described positioning unit, for carrying out location calibration, and by user's positioning result to the positional information of user Feed back to navigation computing unit;
Described navigation computing unit, for inputting the positional information of different user, and according to the room of memory element Interior cartographic information calculates the guidance path between each customer location;
Described indicating member, is used for indicating guidance path.
Preferably, described direction sensor includes horizontal direction sensor and vertical angles sensor, described in add Velocity sensor includes horizontal acceleration sensor and vertical acceleration transducer;Wherein, described vertical acceleration Degree sensor is for measuring the real-time height of user's glasses, and described vertical angles sensor is used for obtaining user's eye The projecting direction of mirror and the angle of level ground, described horizontal acceleration sensor and horizontal direction sensor are used In obtaining user's positional information in indoor map.
Preferably, described indicating member includes that display unit and/or voice unit, described display unit are used for showing Showing guidance path, institute's speech units is for carrying out voice message to guidance path.
Preferably, also including data processing unit, it carries out described guidance path by the method for geometric projection Cover with the real-time matching of reality scene.
Preferably, also include image unit, for shooting the video information needing transmission and the rainbow of record user Film feature.
Preferably, the service network system coordinating intelligent glasses to use, described serving net-work element bag are also included Including communication network, some anchor points and server, described anchor point auxiliary intelligent glasses carries out personnel positioning, Described server storage has indoor map, for transmission to intelligent glasses.
Preferably, described each anchor point has the radio characteristics code of oneself.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, further disclose a kind of personnel's air navigation aid based on intelligent glasses, bag Include following steps:
S1, employing sensor unit obtain the positional information of user, and by positioning unit to acquired use Family positional information carries out location calibration;
S2, by communication unit obtain other association users positional information;
S3, in navigation computing unit, input the positional information of different user, and according to the indoor of memory element Cartographic information calculates the guidance path between each customer location;
S4, each association user use indicating member to carry out real-time route navigation.
Preferably, described sensor unit includes direction sensor and acceleration transducer, described direction sensing Device includes horizontal direction sensor and vertical angles sensor, and described acceleration transducer includes horizontal acceleration Sensor and vertical acceleration transducer;Wherein, described vertical acceleration transducer is used for measuring user's glasses Real-time height, described vertical angles sensor is for obtaining projecting direction and the level ground of user's glasses Angle, described horizontal acceleration sensor and horizontal direction sensor are for obtaining user in indoor map Positional information.
Preferably, described indicating member includes that display unit and/or voice unit, described display unit are used for showing Showing guidance path, institute's speech units is for carrying out voice message to guidance path.
Worker navigation system of the present invention and method have the advantage that 1. by introducing intelligent glasses, Not only simplifying whole person finding system, the system of decreasing sets up cost;2. the terminal unit held has multiplex Property, carrying of useless equipment can be avoided to make people produce conflict psychology and repellency;3. the present invention can realize searching Missing and be searched the position information share of people and guidance path is provided;4. the present invention can realize searcher and The information of the person of being searched is mutual (voice messaging, Word message, video information);5. the present invention can facilitate really Recognize the identity of searcher, be not required to additionally image first-class equipment (iris identification).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of the present invention staff's navigation system;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the present invention staff's air navigation aid.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Refer to Fig. 1, the present invention relates to a kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses 100, including communication Unit 20, memory element 30, sensor unit 40, positioning unit 50, navigation computing unit 60, instruction Unit 70 and connect and control the control unit 80 of above each unit.In the present embodiment, above each system System unit is all integrated in intelligent glasses.
Described intelligent glasses be one can Clairvoyant type intelligent glasses, after user puts on this intelligent glasses, week Enclosing visible ray can be through the eyeglass of intelligent glasses, and the eyes of user can just be commonly seen the environment of surrounding.With Time, some image informations can be superimposed upon on the true visual field of people by intelligent glasses.
Described communication unit 20, utilizes wireless network to obtain indoor map information and externally to communicate.Institute State indoor map to update accordingly (such as part path owing to the reasons such as transformation are entered according to being actually needed Go closure or subregion closing etc.), this kind more New function opening, to corresponding management person, can be led to during renewal The form such as note, mail of crossing is sent on intelligent glasses, and prompting user carries out map rejuvenation in time.
Described memory element 30, cartographic information and user profile or navigation information in locker room.Concrete next Saying, indoor map mainly includes two dimension indoor map and three-dimensional indoor map, and described two dimension indoor map is main Being based on architectural CAD drawing to generate, three-dimensional indoor map then needs professional person to use professional software (ArcGIS etc.) carry out 3 D rendering.The present invention needs according to worker navigation system 100, uses two dimension indoor Map.It addition, the user profile of described storage can be iris information of user etc..
Described sensor unit 40, including direction sensor (not shown) and acceleration transducer (not shown), For obtaining the positional information of user.Described direction sensor includes that horizontal direction sensor and vertical angles pass Sensor, described acceleration transducer includes horizontal acceleration sensor and vertical acceleration transducer;Wherein, Described vertical acceleration transducer is for measuring the real-time height of user's glasses, and described vertical angles sensor is used In the angle of the projecting direction with level ground obtaining user's glasses, described horizontal acceleration sensor and level Direction sensor is for obtaining user's positional information in indoor map.In addition, alignment sensor list Unit can also is that the combination of acceleration transducer and gyroscope.
Described positioning unit 50, for the positional information of user carries out location calibration, and positions user for knot Fruit feeds back to navigation computing unit 60.
Described navigation computing unit 60, for inputting the positional information of different user, and according to memory element 30 Indoor map information calculate the guidance path between each customer location.Described different user include searcher and The intelligent glasses of the person of being searched, described searcher and the person of being searched have network allocation unique identifier (as IP address), the intelligent glasses of described searcher and the person of being searched can realize described communication unit 20, storage Unit 30, sensor unit 40 and the function of positioning unit 50.The positional information of the person of being searched is through fixed Can be sent in the intelligent glasses of searcher after the calibration of position, then the navigation computing unit 60 of searcher can depend on According to indoor map, and the positional information of searcher and the person of being searched generates optimal guidance path.Additionally, institute It can be one or more for stating the person of being searched.
Described indicating member 70, is used for indicating guidance path.Described indicating member 70 includes that display unit is (not Diagram) and/or voice unit (not shown), described display unit is used for showing guidance path, described voice Unit is for carrying out voice message to guidance path.According to practical situation, institute's speech units can be additionally used in record System is for mutual user speech information, and display unit can be additionally used in and the Word message received and video believed Breath shows.
Described worker navigation system 100 also includes the data processing unit 91 being integrated in intelligent glasses, and it leads to The method crossing geometric projection carries out the real-time matching covering of described guidance path and reality scene.Concrete example For, if human eye is regarded as a video camera, a video camera is positioned over two central authorities of people also by the imagination The most highly consistent, the sight line along human eye is placed, and can photograph the reflection of reality scene in the people visual field; In like manner, relative, do straight line with the eyes of people, by this straight line according to the body dimension at people place and eye The height of eyeball and angle are placed on the overhead in two dimension indoor map, two dimension indoor map are swung along this straight line Angle, this pendulum angle is identical with the angle of level ground with human eye projecting direction, and according to human eye viewport Size carries out cutting, and now cutting two-dimentional indoor map out will have the highest contract with the reflection in human eye Right, relevant by alleviating system greatly registration difficulty, the beneficially navigation of real-time.In indoor map In, described guidance path can be delineated out (highlighted or use special color such as green) in Special display mode. When getting redy to start off, data processing module 91 can according to human eye height by indoor map with foregoing geometry Projection pattern shows (superposing after registrating) with the scenery in human eye, it is achieved strengthen the effect of display, at this Time, user can actively regulate the distance after image enhaucament and angle so that it is reaches optimum with real effect, This kind of regulative mode is in fact elemental height and the initial bit of the eyes being assigned to intelligent glasses before fine setting navigation Put the accurate value reached before setting out.
Described worker navigation system 100 also includes the image unit 92 being integrated in intelligent glasses, is used for shooting Need video information and the iris feature of record user of transmission, so, the Brilliant Eyes when other staff use The data of user before mirror meeting auto-destruct, to protect privacy of user.
Described worker navigation system 100 also includes that the service network system coordinating intelligent glasses to use (is not schemed Show), described service network system includes communication network, some anchor points and server, and described anchor point is auxiliary Helping intelligent glasses to carry out personnel positioning, described server storage has indoor map, for transmission to intelligent glasses. Described each anchor point has the radio characteristics code of oneself, and is disposed in the interior the more convenient place found; Described anchor point has different wireless transmit codes, and the transmitting code of each anchor point and it is in indoor map Relative position information be one to one.Described anchor point is when apart from its closer distance (such as 2m) Carry out signal identification and realize the auxiliary corrective of current location, eliminating the error that sensor unit brings.Indoor More significantly the position such as doorway, corner in each region, all should have anchor point, can be radio frequency Communication technology anchor point, it is also possible to be magnetic inductive anchor point.The positioning unit 50 of described intelligent glasses is to use In identifying indoor stationary anchor points, corresponding induction technology is used correctly to identify with stationary anchor points.
Using specific embodiment to illustrate below, the user of described worker navigation system is entering building Time, it connects internal home network by communication unit, automatically applies for obtaining and downloading this indoor ring from server Map corresponding to border is in memory element, and positions calibration the most for the first time at the anchor point of entrance.At this moment, The navigation feature of intelligent glasses can be started, but rainbow must be carried out by intelligent glasses before navigation feature uses Film identification, thus verify subscriber identity information, it is to avoid unrelated person uses intelligent glasses to cause individual in real time The leakage of the information such as position.
Searcher is when opening the navigation feature of intelligent glasses, by the internal home network Brilliant Eyes to the person of being searched Mirror communicates, and sends the information of navigation requests and oneself position point.The intelligence that the person of being searched wears After glasses receive relevant information by internal home network, confirmed after internal home network is passed through in oneself position Feeding back to requestor, described confirmation requirements of process presets, and can be to have to pass through user to confirm just to build Vertical navigation contact, it is also possible to be the navigation contact of automatic feedback Information Surveillance.Searcher is receiving being searched of feedback After the navigation informations such as the location point of the person of seeking, the intelligent glasses of searcher and the person of being searched all can be counted by navigation Calculating unit uses same algorithm, indoor map and each side's location point to automatically generate guidance path, described navigation road Footpath can be shown by display unit, and display effect is that map rotates along with personnel's direction of advance changes, Remaining that user's direction of advance is straight up on the display unit, user friendly viewing also uses.
Additionally, the intelligent glasses of each side is updated the navigation informations such as respective location point by network timing, When worker navigation system uses, it is possible to use image unit, voice unit, display unit carry out relevant regarding Frequently, the generation of voice, Word message, and by internal home network, the navigation user of built vertical connection is passed Send, it is achieved information is mutual timely.In actual use, each side can be led in time by these auxiliary information Letter agreement is met and discussed a little or other guide, and each side can carry out position adjustment at any time according to interactive information, in order to Navigation work is more efficiently.
The present invention introduce a kind of based on intelligent glasses worker navigation system, this system when single use also Can navigate fixing destination, occupation mode is to specify according to indoor map to need to arrive regularly Point, automatically generates corresponding guidance path and guides user.
Refer to Fig. 2, present invention further teaches a kind of personnel's air navigation aid based on intelligent glasses, including such as Lower step:
S1, employing sensor unit obtain the positional information of user, and by positioning unit to acquired use Family positional information carries out location calibration;
In step sl, described sensor unit includes direction sensor and acceleration transducer, described side Including horizontal direction sensor and vertical angles sensor to sensor, described acceleration transducer includes level Acceleration transducer and vertical acceleration transducer;Wherein, described vertical acceleration transducer is used for measuring use The real-time height of family glasses, described vertical angles sensor is for obtaining projecting direction and the level of user's glasses The angle on ground, described horizontal acceleration sensor and horizontal direction sensor are used for obtaining user on indoor ground Positional information on figure.According to the purposes of above each sensor, carry out user location in real time, including plane position Confidence breath and elevation information (are used for judging user's location and direction, in judging the user visual field accordingly Route characteristic, conveniently carry out the coupling of guidance path), this information can be to use positioning unit or other modes Suitably calibrate.Further, owing to intelligent glasses is to have fixing to wear direction, so various kinds of sensors There is directional sensitivity, in normally wearing in using, can correctly realize corresponding function.
S2, by communication unit obtain other association users positional information;
In step s 2, searcher is when opening the navigation feature of intelligent glasses, by internal home network to quilt The intelligent glasses of searcher communicates, and sends the information of navigation requests and oneself position point.Searched After the intelligent glasses that the person of seeking wears receives relevant information by internal home network, confirmed after by place for oneself institute Putting and feed back to requestor by internal home network, described confirmation requirements of process presets, and can be to have to pass through User confirms just to set up navigation contact, it is also possible to be the navigation contact of automatic feedback Information Surveillance.
S3, in navigation computing unit, input the positional information of different user, and according to the indoor of memory element Cartographic information calculates the guidance path between each customer location;
Searcher inputs the positional information of itself and the person of being searched at the navigation computing unit of its intelligent glasses, searches The navigation computing unit of person can be according to indoor map, and the positional information of searcher and the person of being searched generates Optimal guidance path.
S4, each association user use indicating member to carry out real-time route navigation.
In step s 4, described indicating member includes display unit and/or voice unit.Described display unit For showing guidance path, after realizing indoor map navigation path and the real-time matching covering of reality scene, The present invention can need according to system, uses indoor map and it needs to path is carried out feature and delineates, indicate Each path crosses node and the specific position in addition to path such as room, stair, and, described in delineate out, Can use highlighted or use special color.Institute's speech units is for carrying out voice message to guidance path. Described voice message can be in whole process use, it is also possible to be at special travel region, if desired for turn round or on The place that should be noted that such as go downstairs carries out assistant voice prompting.
According to above method step, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is in practical work is lived, often Need the personnel being both active are carried out real-time navigation, share with a kind of real-time position information State both persons is carried out position share and guide with guidance path, thus realize the real-time navigation of personnel.
For Zong He, worker navigation system of the present invention and method have the advantage that 1. by introducing Intelligent glasses, not only simplifies whole person finding system, and the system of decreasing sets up cost;2. the terminal held sets Get everything ready versatility, carrying of useless equipment can be avoided to make people produce conflict psychology and repellency;3. this Bright realization is searched people and is searched the position information share of people and provides guidance path;4. the present invention can be real Now search people and be searched the information of people alternately (voice messaging, Word message, video information);5. the present invention Can conveniently confirm the identity of searcher, be not required to additionally image first-class equipment (iris identification).
It is understood that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, can be according to the technology of the present invention Other various corresponding changes and deformation are made in design, and all these change all should belong to the present invention with deformation Scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. a worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses, it is characterised in that include communication unit, storage More than unit, sensor unit, positioning unit, navigation computing unit, indicating member and connection and control The control unit of each unit;
Described communication unit, is used for obtaining indoor map information and externally communicating;
Described memory element, cartographic information and user profile in locker room;
Described sensor unit, including direction sensor and acceleration transducer, for obtaining the position of user Information, described direction sensor includes horizontal direction sensor and vertical angles sensor, and described acceleration passes Sensor includes horizontal acceleration sensor and vertical acceleration transducer;Wherein, described vertical acceleration sensing Device is for measuring the real-time height of user's glasses, and described vertical angles sensor is for obtaining the throwing of user's glasses Penetrating the angle in direction and level ground, described horizontal acceleration sensor and horizontal direction sensor are used for obtaining User's positional information in indoor map;
Described positioning unit, for carrying out location calibration, and by user's positioning result to the positional information of user Feed back to navigation computing unit;
Described navigation computing unit, for inputting the positional information of different user, and according to the room of memory element Interior cartographic information calculates the guidance path between each customer location;
Described indicating member, is used for indicating guidance path;
Service network system, described serving net-work element includes communication network, some anchor points and server, Described anchor point auxiliary intelligent glasses carries out personnel positioning, and described each anchor point has the wireless spy of oneself Levying code, described server storage has indoor map, for transmission to intelligent glasses.
Worker navigation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described indicating member includes Display unit and/or voice unit, described display unit is used for showing that guidance path, institute's speech units are used for Guidance path is carried out voice message.
Worker navigation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: also include that data process single Unit, it carries out the real-time matching covering of described guidance path and reality scene by the method for geometric projection.
Worker navigation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: also include image unit, For shooting the video information needing transmission and the iris feature of record user.
5. personnel's air navigation aid based on intelligent glasses, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, employing sensor unit obtain the positional information of user, and by positioning unit to acquired use Family positional information carries out location calibration, and described sensor unit includes direction sensor and acceleration transducer, Described direction sensor includes horizontal direction sensor and vertical angles sensor, described acceleration transducer bag Include horizontal acceleration sensor and vertical acceleration transducer;Wherein, described vertical acceleration transducer is used for Measuring the real-time height of user's glasses, described vertical angles sensor is for obtaining the projecting direction of user's glasses With the angle of level ground, described horizontal acceleration sensor and horizontal direction sensor are used for obtaining user and exist Positional information in indoor map;
S2, obtain other association positional informationes of being confirmed of users, described confirmation flow process warp by communication unit Cross user to confirm just to set up navigation contact or the navigation contact of automatic feedback Information Surveillance;
S3, in navigation computing unit, input the positional information of different user, and according to the indoor of memory element Cartographic information calculates the guidance path between each customer location;
S4, each association user use indicating member to carry out real-time route navigation, and described indicating member includes display Unit and/or voice unit.
Personnel's air navigation aid the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described display unit is used for Display guidance path, institute's speech units is for carrying out voice message to guidance path.
CN201310561439.7A 2013-11-12 2013-11-12 A kind of worker navigation system based on intelligent glasses and method Expired - Fee Related CN103591958B (en)

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