CN103590979A - Wind turbine with actuating tail and method of operation - Google Patents
Wind turbine with actuating tail and method of operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103590979A CN103590979A CN201310354497.2A CN201310354497A CN103590979A CN 103590979 A CN103590979 A CN 103590979A CN 201310354497 A CN201310354497 A CN 201310354497A CN 103590979 A CN103590979 A CN 103590979A
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- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The subject application is directed to a horizontal axis wind turbine with actuating tail and method of operation. The wind turbine assembly is adapted for use atop a tower and includes a frame, a yaw shaft assembly coupling the frame to the tower, an alternator secured to the frame, a shaft coupled to the alternator to produce electrical power, a rotor hub coupled to the shaft, a plurality of blades secured to the rotor hub, and a tail assembly rotatably coupled about a vertical axis to the frame. The tail assembly is operable to move to a first, straight position aligned with the horizontal axis, and a second position rotated an angle [Theta] from the horizontal axis. An actuator is secured to the frame and is adapted to rotate the tail assembly the angle [Theta] from the horizontal axis.
Description
the cross reference of related application
The 61/682nd of " thering is the wind turbine and the operating method (WIND TURBINE WITH ACTUATING TAIL AND METHOD OF OPERATION) that activate empennage " by name of reference application on August 14th, 2012, No. 998 U.S. Provisional Application cases, and the application's case is advocated preference and the right of this application case, this application case is incorporated herein by reference in full.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to horizontal axis wind turbine, and more particularly, relates to the wind turbine having for the actuating empennage of overspeed protection.
Background technique
Horizontal axis wind turbine generally comprises main body or the cabin that pivotable is installed to pylon.Blade rotor is installed to cabin, and is connected to alternator or generator from the axle of rotor.Although be called " horizontal axis " wind turbine, it should be noted that the spin axis of blade can change nearly 45 degree from level, but described wind turbine be still called horizontal axis.An importance of horizontal axis wind turbine is: the plane of rotor is in the face of wind is to produce high rotation speed and therefore to produce highest energy output.For this purpose, little horizontal axis wind turbine (for example, being conventionally less than 100 kilowatts) is usually utilized tail structure, and it has wheel blade so that rotor is pointed to wind.The surface area of wheel blade through size design and enough large, makes any remarkable transformation of wind direction will on wheel blade, produce sufficient lateral force so that rotor head rotates in the direction of wind.When again aiming at generation, the lateral force on wheel blade reduces to zero.
A hypervelocity that the problem of noticing is rotor about horizontal axis wind turbine.Unsuitable braking system can cause rotor and blade to exceed the speed limit in strong wind, and it may damage blade and the AC motor of wind turbine, and brings out excessive noise, vibration and pitching power during the rotation around yaw (vertically) axis.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts through adjusting to use on pylon top comprises: framework; Yaw shaft assembly, it is coupled to described pylon by described framework and defines described framework around the yaw axis of its rotation; AC motor, it is fastened to described framework; And axle, it is coupled to described AC motor to produce electric power.Described axle defines described axle around the horizontal axis of its rotation.Described horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts further comprises: rotor hub, and it is coupled to described axle; A plurality of blades, it is fastened to described rotor hub; Empennage assembly parts, it is rotatably coupled to described framework around vertical axis.Described empennage assembly parts can operate to move to aim at described horizontal axis first stretch position and from the second place of described horizontal axis angle of swing θ.Described horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts further comprises actuator, its be fastened to described framework and through adjust with by described empennage assembly parts from described horizontal axis angle of swing θ.
In one embodiment, described horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts further comprises the load absorber element that is fastened to described framework.Described load absorber element and the coupling of described actuator are to reduce dynamic load from described actuator.
In an example, described load absorber element reduces dynamic load when described first stretches position at described empennage assembly parts.
In another example, described load absorber element reduces dynamic load during in described the second rotational position at described empennage assembly parts.
In another embodiment, described angle θ is greater than 30 degree.
In another embodiment again, described angle θ is greater than 70 degree.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the method of wind turbine assembly parts comprises the following steps: a wind turbine assembly parts that comprises main body and empennage assembly parts is provided, and described empennage assembly parts can rotate with respect to described main body around vertical axis; And actuator is further provided, described actuator rotates to from the second place of described primary importance angle of swing θ through adjusting so that described empennage assembly parts is stretched to position from first.Described method further comprises following steps: whether the first threshold of determining described wind turbine assembly parts by computer is exceeded; And if the described first threshold of described wind turbine assembly parts is exceeded, activate so described actuator so that described empennage assembly parts rotates described angle θ; Described empennage assembly parts is retained on to described angle θ, make described main body around the rotation of yaw axis, and described empennage assembly parts is aimed at again with oncoming wind.Described method further comprises following steps: in response to described first threshold, be no longer exceeded, described empennage assembly parts returned to described first and stretch position.
In one embodiment, described method further comprises and postpones describedly described empennage assembly parts to be returned to described first to stretch position until reach the step of Second Threshold.
In an example, described Second Threshold is a time period.
In another embodiment, described method further comprises the step that reduces the dynamic load on described actuator.
In an example, described method further comprises provides load absorber element dynamic load is moved away and to be transferred to the step of described load absorber element from described actuator.
In an example, described load absorber element shifts dynamic load when described first stretches position at described empennage assembly parts.
In another embodiment, the step that whether described definite first threshold is exceeded comprises that the remote computer from communicating by letter with described wind turbine assembly parts receives actuation commands.
In another embodiment again, the described step of determining whether described threshold value is exceeded comprises by historical wind-force data determines whether described empennage should activate long period section.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Can describe vide infra graphic and preferably understand feature described herein.Graphic may not be to draw in proportion, but emphasizes substantially principle of the present invention.In graphic, same numbers in each figure in order to indicate same section.
Fig. 1 describes the side perspective view of wind turbine assembly parts according to an embodiment of the invention;
The enlarged view of the wind turbine assembly parts of showing in Fig. 2 depiction 1, wherein removes cabin for clarity;
The alternative perspective view of the wind turbine assembly parts of showing in Fig. 3 depiction 1, wherein removes cabin and afterframe for clarity;
The enlarged view of Fig. 4 depiction 3;
The plan view of the wind turbine assembly parts of showing in Fig. 5 depiction 3;
Fig. 6 describes the wind turbine assembly parts of showing in empennage Fig. 5 through activating;
The wind turbine assembly parts of Fig. 7 A, 7B and 7C difference depiction 2 is at the plan view without in actuating, part actuating and complete actuation configuration;
Fig. 8 describes the schematic block diagram of airborne computer according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 describes the schematic block diagram of airborne computer according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 describes totally to represent the block diagram of flow chart, and described flowchart text is for the protection of the one exemplary embodiment of the method for horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts;
Figure 11 describes totally to represent the block diagram of flow chart, and described flowchart text is for the protection of the one exemplary embodiment of the other method of horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts; And
The plotted curve of the historical wind-force data of Figure 12 illustrated.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, show and be rotatably mounted in the wind turbine assembly parts 1010 on pylon 1012.Wind turbine assembly parts 1010 can comprise that structural framing 1014 is to provide the support to many primary clusterings.Framework and wind turbine assembly cover to provide the corrosion protection to weather element by sheet metal, glass fibre or plastics cabin 1016 conventionally.Framework 1014 is fastened to yaw shaft assembly 1018, and yaw shaft assembly 1018 is installed to pylon 1012.Yaw shaft assembly 1018 can comprise yaw axle and bearing, and around vertical or yaw axis 1020 pivotables, thereby allow wind turbine assembly parts 1010 for example, along with wind direction rotates freely (, yaw).
Wind turbine assembly parts 1010 further comprises the turbine bucket 1022 being equidistantly arranged on each other on rotor hub 1024.In illustrated example, there are three blades, but the specific needs of the visual application of number and changing.For instance, wind turbine assembly parts 1010 can have more than three or be less than the blade of three.Blade 1022 can for example, by firm but lightweight formation of structure, aluminium or composite.
Wind turbine assembly parts 1010 further comprises empennage assembly parts 1032, and it comprises the empennage wheel blade 1038 on the far-end 1040 of rotatable tail boom 1034 on the near-end 1036 of empennage assembly parts and empennage assembly parts.As used herein, term " near-end " means the end towards wind, and " far-end " means the end away from wind.As described above, wind turbine assembly parts 1010 comprises yaw bearing 1018 so that wind turbine assembly parts can rotate with respect to pylon 1012, and makes in particular blade 1022 and rotor hub 1024 rotations so that directly towards wind.Wind turbine assembly parts 1010 promotes by being arranged on the empennage assembly parts 1032 of the downwind of wind-force assembly parts around the rotation of yaw bearing 1018.In particular, empennage wheel blade 1038 is configured and arranges to aim at the direction of oncoming wind 1042.When wind facies changes for horizontal axis 1030, by side loading, give empennage wheel blade 1038, thereby side direction promotes wheel blade and causes wind turbine assembly parts 1010 around 1020 rotations of yaw axis until side loading reduces, now blade 1022 and rotor hub 1024 through redirecting directly towards wind.
Turbine bucket should be through design to extract kinetic energy as much as possible from wind-force.A measured value of vane operation efficiency is tip speed ratio (TSR), and it is defined as the linear speed of blade tip of blade and the ratio between actual wind speed.Blade is conventionally through design and with predefine TSR operation, and the operation object of wind turbine is to maintain the TSR through design with different spinner velocities.That is, with it, the TSR through design extracts best kinetic energy to blade; If rotor spins than design point slow (or fast), the so loading failure on blade.Actual Consideration prevents that wind turbine from operating through design tip speed ratio with it under all operations condition conventionally, and blade design person is in the face of various balances are to obtain possible peak efficiency.
A design alternative is construction blade material used.Blade structure is the important element of any wind turbine design.Such as the heavier sane material such as firm, can provide durability, but its intrinsic weight adversely affects the rotatory inertia of rotor stack.Rotatory inertia may be defined as the measured value of rotor stack to the resistance of any change of its rotation status, for example, the caused change of additional air dynamic load on the blade producing due to fitful wind.Rotatory inertia and quality increase pro rata.Therefore, heavier blade changes causing the low weight blade of banks of leaves more can resist rotation.Opposing rotation changes adversely affects tip speed ratio, and this is because the increase (as in fitful wind) of wind speed is accelerated and will can not cause immediately tip speed to increase because rotatory inertia hinders rotor.If actual tip speed ratio is lower than its design point, wind turbine can not move effectively so.Therefore the ability that, rotor accelerates fast along with fitful wind is important design consideration.
Another shortcoming of heavy blade material is the centrifugal force at root of blade place that the spin quality by blade causes.Centrifugal force and its quality from spin blade proportionally increase, and therefore heavier blade causes the centrifugal force that low weight blade is high under given speed.Therefore, although heavy blade material can be useful and can be able to be conducive to some application, above-mentioned shortcoming by blade design person guiding to such as lightweight structures such as composites.Typical blade structure can comprise plastics or glass fiber reinforced polymer composite (for example, glass fibre).Some composite bladings can have foamed core material, and other blade can have for rigidity carbon fiber enhancing load spar.In one embodiment, blade 1022 is formed by the glass fibre with foamed core material.
A problem of noticing about composite blading is corrosion.Blade suffers from airborne particulate, for example rain, hail and dust.Blade tip as the part of at full throttle advancing of blade may corrode gradually, thereby causes its premature wear.If blade meets with rotor overspeed condition, the possibility of corrosion aggravation so.Even for example, in hypervelocity condition (, tip speed is over 80 meters per second) the very few endurance of moderate, still can cause the remarkable corrosion of blade.The caused blade problem that other is noticed that exceeds the speed limit is vibration and excessive sound.The turbine bucket sound that can become is very large, and vibration can bring out unforeseen stress, and it can affect whole system.
Wind is the uncertain energy.Fitful wind and direction change the quick increase that can cause spinner velocity.As understood, control spinner velocity to prevent vibration, noise and to be important to the corrosion and damage of blade for safety operation wind turbine.Overspeed protection also helps other assembly of protection wind turbine.For instance, AC motor possibility is overheated and may produce excessive voltage and electric current, and it all can reduce the operation lifetime of wind turbine.
Protection wind turbine avoids an existing method of rotor overspeed and utilizes the weight on each blade end.Along with rotor spins sooner, centripetal force makes blade because wind pitching is to cause its poor efficiency that becomes under high rotating speed.Other method relates at the jointed two-part blade of span centre place tool.Under high spinner velocity, centripetal force causes the top part of blade because wind pitching is to upset the air-flow in the leading edge that is incident on each blade.Conventionally the other method of using in larger wind turbines adopts the elevating control on blade.Wind turbine has the driving mechanism that can make pitching blade in rotor hub, is similar to helicopter blade or properller.For another mechanism (being called " waving wheel hub " or " pendulum roller ") controlling of exceeding the speed limit, utilize articulated mechanism, if make wind-force become excessive, so whole wind turbine is faced upward, thereby reduces the efficiency of blade and reduce the surface area that points to wind.That is, along with wind turbine is faced upward, the area of contour of the direction perpendicular to wind of rotor reduces, thereby causes spinner velocity to reduce.
Some horizontal wind turbines have utilized passive rotor rolling-up mechanism to control hypervelocity.It is called again from rolling wind turbine, and this scheme utilization is permitted the main body of wind turbine with respect to the hinged empennage part of empennage rotation or rolling.In fact, provide a kind of mechanism, it keeps aiming at wind because wind rolling blade allows empennage simultaneously.In an example, rotor rolling-up mechanism utilizes yaw skew, and wherein the yaw bearing of wind turbine is from horizontal axis lateral shift one distance of blade and rotor.The power forming along horizontal axis due to the wind on rotor blade produces the moment around yaw axis.Described moment is converted to around the torque of yaw axis or rotatory force.At low speed, in the wind of middling speed, torsion is relatively little, and wind turbine keeps pointing to wind.In theory, along with wind speed rises, along the wind-force increase of horizontal axis, and also increase around the moment of reaction (or torque) of yaw axis.Torque finally makes wind turbine around yaw axis pivotable, thereby rotor and blade are rotated because of wind.Make rotor blade because wind rotates, reduce the area of contour of the efficiency of blade and the direction perpendicular to wind of rotor, it will reduce spinner velocity.
Utilize passive some wind turbines from rolling rotor mechanism further to comprise balanced controls so that the restoring force for yaw biasing force to be provided.When wind speed reduces, balanced controls help rotor and blade to return to its former beginning and end take-up position.In an example, tail boom is hinged to cabin or the framework of wind turbine.Hinge is Vertical location (and then allowing empennage only to move in yaw plane) not; On the contrary, hinge recedes to top from bottom.In this way, due to rotor rolling, around the rotation of hinge, cause empennage vertically to improve.Therefore,, when at any time cabin changes direction with respect to empennage, empennage all will raise.This is placed in empennage assembly parts under gravitational pressure when rotor rolling, and when wind speed is reduced to normal speed, makes empennage assembly parts can more easily be moved down into its normal operation position.
Although seem in theory rationally, under actual conditions, passive rotor rolling-up mechanism described above is not worked well.Inventor of the present invention has studied described problem in great detail, and reaches a conclusion: unreliable owing to responding in the wind turbine that is being greater than slowly 5kW from rolling rotor mechanism.For instance, if existed from 20mph, be climbed to the quick fitful wind of 40mph and rotor through design and rolling under 30mph, rolling-up mechanism can not respond and rotor will keep sensing wind fast enough so, and this can cause damage.Inventor observes: if rotor starts to have a rolling, but wind speed and spinner velocity are enough high, and rotor tends to make himself return and stretches and point to wind so, and no matter yaw skew.This reason be considered to lifting force, turning power and yaw offset distance on wind-force, blade between complexity interact relevant.Artificer must be how many in empennage weight, average out between the amount of empennage length, the empennage inclination number of degrees, yaw skew and recovery lifting force.In some designs, suitably described in balance variable to take into account likely combining of wind speed and direction.In addition, because described assembly is along with the time weares and teares, thus destroy delicate balance, and passive rolling-up mechanism works as no longer as expected, thus cause rotor overspeed and the damage to wind turbine assembly parts.Failing the correctly all variablees of balance can cause the too early rolling of wind turbine.For instance, wind turbine can rolling in the wind of 20mph, its yes safety but damaged efficiency.The wind turbine of specified 10kW may in fact only produce 6kW or 8kW.In addition, the balanced controls in being designed into empennage have added complexity and additional variable to already present complicated interaction.
Another problem of noticing in the little horizontal wind turbine of operation relates to yaw error, the difference between the actual direction that its true directions that is wind and blade point to.Inventor has noticed that test data indicates many wind turbines to point to and differ the opposite way round of 2 to 6 degree, thereby causes Efficiency Decreasing 1%-2%.This is the heavy losses at the available energy of the length of life of wind turbine.Inventor recognizes, and the complexity that the reason of yaw error relates to dynamic motion and acts on the power on wind turbine interacts, but do not design yet relatively simple structure and method compensates described error, as will be described.
Recognize complexity and the defect of the various passive rolling rotor of finding in prior art, inventor of the present invention has designed a kind of active empennage actuating mechanism.Driving component first sensing is unfavorable for the healthy or safe threshold condition of wind turbine, and as response, power is applied to empennage and activates empennage with the main body with respect to wind turbine.Once empennage activates predetermined amount with respect to the main body of wind turbine, just empennage position is fixing, as illustrated in Fig. 7 C.Little by little, the wind-force on empennage " F " tends to make wind turbine assembly parts around yaw axis pivotable so that empennage is aimed at oncoming wind.Once again aim at wind through activating empennage, rotor just will no longer directly will reduce towards wind and spinner velocity.After the second secure threshold condition of arrival, driving component returns to its home position by empennage.Depend on the speed that driving component recovers empennage, empennage keeps aiming at wind or again aiming at wind gradually, and its net effect is that rotor and blade are registered in wind again.
Forward Fig. 3 to 6 to, the near-end 1036 of tail boom 1034 is connected to the far-end 1040 of main body by articulated joint, and described articulated joint allows empennage assembly parts to rotate with respect to main body around generally vertical axis line 1044.As used herein, the main body of wind turbine comprises all component except empennage assembly parts substantially.In illustrated embodiment, articulated joint comprises the upper hinge pin 1046a and the underneath hinges pin 1046b that is fastened to the corresponding cardinal principle vertical orientation of framework 1014 of vertical orientation substantially, and the near-end 1036 of tail boom 1034 rotates around described underneath hinges pin 1046b.The upper hinge piece 1048a that is fastened to tail boom 1034 defines through hole (not shown), and upper hinge pin 1046a meshes through described through hole.Similarly, the underneath hinges piece 1048b that is fastened to tail boom 1034 defines through hole (also not shown), and underneath hinges pin 1046b meshes through described through hole.For instance, described through hole can provide through size design the little gap of joint pin 1046a, 1046b, or it is may size excessive and coordinate with lining.Or, the design of described Kong Kejing size and for pin interference fit, and described pin can rotate in bearing.Upper articulation piece 1048a and lower hinge piece 1048b further comprise contact surface 1050 to be provided for the bearing surface of empennage actuation force.Because hinge block 1048 is fastened to tail boom 1034, so be applied to the actuation force of contact surface 1050, cause empennage assembly parts 1032 around joint pin 1046 rotations.
Wind turbine assembly parts 1010 further comprises actuator 1052, and it is configured to actuation force to give on the contact surface 1050 of hinge block 1048.In one embodiment of the invention, actuator 1052 is served as reasons and by fixing bolt 1056, is fastened to the linear actuators of motor 1054 drivings of framework 1014.Linear actuators 1052 is along generally horizontal axis line and extended distance " D ".The exemplary motor and the actuator that are suitable in the present invention are the model SDA4-263 being sold by ServoCity, and it has the extended distance D of approximately four inches.
Eyebolt 1058 can be screwed up to the stroke end that mode is coupled to actuator 1052 with screw thread.Top jaw plate 1060a and lower cam plate 1060b can be positioned to the above and below of eyebolt 1058.Lobe plate 1060 can define the hole aimed at of eye with bolt 1058 separately, and actuator pin 1062 can pass three holes with along common center line and alignment portion 1060a, 1058 and 1060b.In one embodiment, actuator pin 1062 can be fixed to rigidly to top jaw plate 1060a and lower cam plate 1060b, make to disapprove relative movement between pin and described plate.As limiting examples, pin 1062 can be pressed into cooperation, with screw thread, screw up or be welded to lobe plate 1060.Yet actuator pin 1062 can provide the ample clearance with the eye of bolt 1058 through size design, thus permit described pin in the situation that not being subject to eyebolt 1058 constraint for example, around its longitudinally (, vertical) axis rotation.Sleeve bearing (not shown) can be through adjusting hole for eyebolt 1058 to increase the service life.On the contrary, pin 1062 can be fixed to eyebolt 1058 rigidly, and can in the hole in top jaw plate 1060a and lower cam plate 1060b, provide gap to allow relative movement.Hole in top jaw plate 1060a and lower cam plate 1060b can be suitable for sleeve bearing or analog (not shown).
As described, hinge block 1048 has the ridge 1068 of the horizontal expansion of defining contact surface 1050, but expects within the scope of the invention other design.In addition, in disclosed embodiment, top jaw plate 1060a and lower cam plate 1060b share common configuration, but the present invention is without restriction like this.For instance, top jaw plate 1060a can define through adjusting to rotate the cam face 1064a of empennage assembly parts, and lower cam plate 1060b can define through adjusting the cam face 1064b for different objects.
When actuator 1052 is during in retracted position, empennage assembly parts 1032 keeps stretching with respect to the main body of wind turbine; That is, the longitudinal axis of empennage and the longitudinal axis of main body 1030 are aimed at.For example, connection rod set between motor 1054 and empennage assembly parts 1032 (, actuator pin 1062, pin parts 1066, contact surface 1050 and joint pin 1046) provides the supporting structure of rigidity, to prevent that empennage from slightly moving with respect to main body during operation.Yet inventor of the present invention notices, the top of wind turbine tower is rugged environment for mechanical structure.The constant buffeting of wind makes empennage assembly parts stand countless dynamic force (actually in all directions).In the exemplary wind turbine assembly parts of current of just developing of inventor, tail boom 1034 length are about 2.4 meters.Therefore, wind-force, vibration and the turbulent flow on empennage wheel blade 1038 produced around the very large bending moment that anchors to the linkage structure of framework 1014.Bending moment and the reaction force being associated are received into a certain degree by joint pin 1046, but inventor understands, and significantly the load of percentage is mediated by motor 1054 with by the corresponding fixing bolt 1056 that motor anchors to framework 1014.
Recognize that wind turbine most of time is to stretch posture operation, and further recognize that design can resist the motor of beating that natural force transmits and the difficulty of base, inventor of the present invention attempts load to shift from actuator 1052 and fixing bolt 1056.Thus, in one embodiment of the invention, load absorber element 1070 can be fastened to framework 1014 and make its part of locating to contact empennage actuating structure, its way of contact makes significantly to reduce the load on actuator 1052 and fixing bolt 1056 or even makes it unload.In the illustrative embodiment of describing in Fig. 5, the first load absorber element 1070a makes the corresponding bearing surface 1074 on the 1072 close proximity underneath hinges piece 1048b of clutch shaft bearing surface through location.The distance that term " close proximity " can mean between two structures defines gap 1076.The size in gap depends on that actuator 1052 is by the degree of unloading.Large gap 1076 causes the major part of load by actuator 1052 (with fixing bolt 1056), to be received with close gap and before contacting in the abundant deflection of underneath hinges piece 1048b.Little gap 1076 causes the smaller portions of load to be received by actuator 1052 and fixing bolt 1056.Ideally, when actuator 1052 turns back to its reset condition, gap 1076 should approach zero.In some instances, the gap 1076 in 0.00 to 0.25cm (0.00 to 0.10 inch) scope is unloaded actuator 1052 fully.
Load absorber element 1070 can be formed by any suitable material, such as steel, rubber, silicone, Teflon (Teflon), copper etc.Thus, described material can provide spring ability or even comprise spring.In addition, contact surface can comprise abrasion-resistant coatings or surface treatment (for example shot blast) so that more sane wear-resistant resistance to be provided.It is the replaceable components that is affixed to element 1070 that contact surface can further comprise.
As understood with reference to illustrated embodiment, the first load absorber element 1070a is without all making actuator 1052 unload in each situation.For instance, if wind promotion empennage wheel blade 1038 is with causative subject around (as watched from the top) rotation in the clockwise direction of yaw axis, underneath hinges piece 1048b can move away from and may increase gap 1076 from the first load absorber element 1070a so.For resisting this, in some embodiments of the invention, wind turbine assembly parts 1010 can comprise opposed the second load absorber element 1070b with the first load absorber element 1070a.In this way, a plurality of load absorber elements 1070 can be in order to reduce or eliminate the dynamic load of giving actuator, motor or motor base.In an example, the second load absorber element 1070b makes the corresponding bearing surface 1080 on the second bearing surface 1078 close proximity lower cam plate 1060b through location.In another example, the second bearing surface 1078 can with corresponding bearing surface 1080 on same line (line-on-line) or contact.Expect that within the scope of the invention various other arrange to reduce or eliminate the dynamic load of giving actuator, motor or motor base.Although undeclared, can be incorporated to bearing (for example, cylinder, ball, pin or analog) as the part of top jaw plate 1060a and lower cam plate 1060b, it is through adjusting the corresponding bearing surface 1080 with contact load absorber element 1070.
In other embodiments, load absorber element 1070 can be arranged in the needed any orientation of the load reducing or eliminating on actuator 1052.For instance, although and undeclared, load absorber element 1070 can be installed to the top frame 1014 of main body and through adjusting to contact upper hinge piece 1048.
In one embodiment of the invention, can use one or more load absorber elements 1070c (Fig. 5 and 6) empennage assembly parts is locked in to actuated position further to reduce the load on actuator and motor base.Load absorber element 1070c can define cavity 1071, and it for example, through adjusting to capture a part (at least one in actuator 1052 or lobe plate 1060a, 1060b) for actuator or cam assemblies and described part being locked in to appropriate location.Referring to Fig. 6, in an example of actuator 1052 extended distance D, lower cam plate 1060b rotates to appropriate location and is captured by load absorber element 1070c.Bearing surface 1080 on load absorber element 1070c absorbs any side loading of giving tail boom 1034, thereby reduces the side loading on actuator 1052.When environment or operational condition improvement and actuator 1052 contraction, lobe plate 1060a and 1060b rotate cavity 1071 and continue normal running.
In another embodiment of the present invention, load absorber element 1070 can make through layout the empennage can be through being actuated into any neutral position and locking onto appropriate location, thereby removes the stress on the actuator in any position of empennage.In another embodiment, linearity or swing brake replace load absorber element 1070.Break can effectively be locked in any position by empennage assembly parts 1034.
In order to control institute's exposing system of the rotation of empennage assembly parts, in nature, be exemplary, and be not intended to for restrictive.Expect within the scope of the invention the layout that other is suitable.For instance, other embodiments of the invention can comprise electronic empennage hinge, and the motor that is wherein fastened to framework makes to be fixed to the joint pin rotation of tail structure.
By airborne computer 1082, carry out many operating parameters of monitoring and controlling wind turbine assembly parts 1010.In one embodiment, as illustrated in fig. 8, computer 1082 comprises programmable logic controller (PLC) (PLC).PLC1082 can monitor the state of input device, based on custom program instruction, carries out decision-making, and controls the state of the device connecting as output terminal.
PLC1082 comprises PLC controller 1084, for the terminal box 1086 of sensor input line with for the terminal box 1088 of output line.Controller 1084 comprises power supply device 1090, microprocessor 1092 and associated memory 1094 thereof.That the storage 1094 of controller 1084 can contain is that operator or the owner select in advance, will being worth of various operating parameters or restriction in system, and it including (but not limited to) wind speed restriction, limiting voltage, current limit, AC motor temperature limiting and spinner velocity, limits (it can be exchanged into tip speed) and any multiple other wanted operating parameter or restriction or its combination.In addition, be worth or operating parameter can comprise the reference to other sensor or value, controller 1084 can be compared with other parameter under any given power level or operational condition and determine that any operating parameter is whether outside scope.For instance, if spinner velocity is X and AC motor electric current, be less than Y, relation can be indicated existing problems so, and controller 1084 should be issued alarm or only turn off wind turbine until it can be examined.
In disclosed embodiment, controller 1084 comprises: microprocessor board, and it contains microprocessor 1092 and storage 1094; I/O (I/O) interface 1096, it contains the A/D converter that can receive from temperature input and pressure input, the input of DC electric current and the voltage input of the each point in wind turbine or surrounding environment.In addition, for instance, I/O interface 1096 can comprise a plurality of circuit, and described circuit receives the signal of self-controller 1084 and various outsides or the peripheral unit in control system then, and for example actuator 1052.PLC1082 can further comprise one or more COM1s, it is for receiving from the programming instruction such as remote computers such as desktop PCs or actuation commands, or sensor input and other status information for monitoring that PLC memory register 1094 is available.
In one embodiment, the main control parameters for wind turbine assembly parts is the rotational speed of wind speed, AC motor voltage, AC motor electric current and rotor.For instance, the individual individual sensor that monitors these parameters can be input to variable current (for example, 4-20 milliampere) or variable voltage (0-5 volt) in PLC.One of the particular sensor that can be monitored by PLC1082 and transducer are recording anemometer 1098 (Fig. 1), it is hall effect sensor in an example, and it is counted voltage pulse and voltage pulse is input in microprocessor 1092 according to the frequency of wind speed.The AC voltage transducer 1100 that is arranged in controller case (not shown) is input to microprocessor 1092 by the variable voltage value according to the Voltage-output of AC motor 1028.AC current sensor 1102 inner at controller case or in raceway is input to microprocessor 1092 by the variable voltage of the electric current drawing corresponding to system or current value.The temperature transducer 1104 (Fig. 2) of AC motor inside is input to the variable resistor value according to AC motor temperature in microprocessor 1092.Velocity transducer 1106 (its can be hall effect sensor in AC motor or the AC frequency transducer of controller case inside) is input to the RPM value of inferring according to the speed of axle 1026 in microprocessor 1092.
In another embodiment of the present invention illustrated in fig. 9, the same components of same numbers indicator diagram 8 wherein, computer 2082 is general computers, and it monitors the ability of measured parameter in order to the renewal of PLC code to be provided and further to offer user via user interface.Computer 2082 comprises the processor 2092 (or CPU) that is coupled to system bus 2108.Processor 2092 can utilize one or more processors, and each processes utensil one or more processor cores.System bus 2108 is coupled to I/O (I/O) bus 2112 via bus bridge 2110.I/O interface 2096 is coupled to I/O bus 2112.I/O interface 2096 provides and the communicating by letter of various I/O devices, and described I/O device for example comprises keyboard 2114, mouse 2116 or external USB port 2118.The form that is connected to the port of I/O interface 2096 can be known to the skilled any form in computer architecture field, for example Ethernet (IEEE802.3), USB, IEEE802.11 (WLAN), bluetooth (Bluetooth), CDMA or for any other the existing or non-existent interface still of the object with PLC, general computer and/or any auxiliary device and/or sensor communication.
As depicted, computer 2082 can use network interface 2126 to communicate by letter with central service server 2122 with software deployment service device 2120 via network 2124.Network 2124 can be such as external networks such as internets, or internal networks such as Ethernet or VPN (VPN).
As depicted, operation system 2132 also comprises kernel 2138, kernel 2138 comprises the functional lower-level for OS2132, it comprises provides the other parts of OS2132 and the desired essential service of application program 2134, described essential service comprises storage management, process and task management, disk management, and mouse and Keyboard management.
The hardware element of describing in computer 2082 does not wish it is detailed, but for representational to highlight the useful assembly of the present invention.A plurality of variation expections within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Figure 10 describes the block diagram of the method 3000 for the protection of horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts according to an embodiment of the invention.Institute's revealing method can protect that wind turbine avoids that hypervelocity, electric network fault, AC motor are overheated, fault of converter, overvoltage, excess current or turbo machine operation outside its normal running power distributes.For instance, wind turbine assembly parts can be used the switch on controller case and manually shut down.If the combination of various parameters and unreasonable (for example, high rotor speed and zero current or vice versa), so also can be shut down, method 3000 comprises supervision step 3142, wherein PLC1082 reception is from the reading of sensor as input, and described sensor is recording anemometer 1098, voltage transducer 1100, current sensor 1102, temperature transducer 1104 and velocity transducer 1106 for example.In step 3144, PLC1082 is sensor reading and " red restriction " value being stored in storage 1094 relatively.Red limits value has been expressed as structure or security reason and the urgent restriction that must be able to not surpass.In the situation that one or more being exceeded in red limits value, with stretch or actuating mode to operate wind turbine be unsafe, and in step 3146, PLC1082 order wind turbine enters hard shutdown.In an example, the red limits value of wind speed is 50 miles per hour.If recording anemometer 1098 measures wind speed higher than described value, wind turbine will experience hard shutdown 3146 so, and stop completely.
In one embodiment, hard shutdown procedures 3146 comprises that making empennage assembly parts activate 90 spends to reduce spinner velocity, follows closed short switch and forces turbo machine to stop spin.AC motor 1028 comprises 3 phase permanent magnets, therefore exists and produces three independent circuits of the energy of out-phase 120 degree each other.Closing Switch will make three short circuits arrive together, thereby make magnetic field collapse, so AC motor does not spin or spin very slow.This hard shutdown procedures 3146 also can be given an order from remote computer, and it is especially favourable during service is urgent.For instance, wind speed is high (for example, 30+ mile per hour) enough, only makes AC motor short circuit cause the damage to internal component owing to producing high voltage.By first activating empennage, spinner velocity with follow voltage to drop to relative harmless value.
If PLC1082 finds no any red limits value and is exceeded, so in step 3148, next it compare sensor reading and be stored in one or more threshold values in storage 1094.Described threshold value table is shown in the restriction that should not be exceeded in time expand section.For instance, the threshold value of wind speed can be 35 miles per hour, and the threshold value of spinner velocity or restriction can be 300rpm.If any one in PLC1082 definite threshold is more than restriction, so in step 3150, PLC1082 will activate empennage assembly parts 1032.In one embodiment, PLC1082 transmits a signal to relay, and it sends to motor 1054 by electric power.Motor 1054 makes linear actuators 1052a extend distance B, and it causes top jaw plate 1060a and lower cam plate 1060b around actuator pin 1062 rotations.Described rotation causes the cam face 1064 of lobe plate to depart from the contact surface 1050 of hinge block 1048, and it then makes empennage assembly parts 1032 around joint pin 1046 rotations.In one embodiment, PLC1082 order empennage activates the angle θ that is about 90 degree.Empennage assembly parts remains in actuated position, until in step 3148, till PLC1082 definite threshold is not exceeded.
As parameter during lower than threshold value (for example, when wind speed drops to 30mph when following), in step 3152, PLC1082 checks that whether empennage is through activating.For instance, this can be undertaken by the length of travel " D " on definite actuator 1052.If empennage is without actuating, wind turbine operates in prescribed limits so, and method 3000 turns back to supervision step 3142.If empennage is through activating, and there is not the reason that makes its actuating, so in step 3154, PLC1082 can come issue an order so that empennage assembly parts is returned to its home position by following operation: remove to the AC electric power of the contact on the motor 1054 through adjusting to extend actuator, and AC electric power is applied to through adjusting so that one group of contact that actuator 1052 shrinks.Method 3000 then turns back to and monitors step 3142.
In some cases, can to indicate empennage assembly parts to remain on the time dropping to below threshold value than parameter through the time of actuated position long for careful property.For instance, wind speed threshold value can be 30 miles per hour, and the specific daily synoptic model that wind turbine operates therein causes the continuous fitful wind in the scope between 25 miles and 40 miles per hour per hour.If operating method comprises, parameter drops to threshold value and is about to below the step that empennage returns to its home position, so empennage will along with wind be increased to per hour 30 miles above and drop to per hour 30 miles following and activate and unactuated position between constantly circulation.In one embodiment of the invention, fault indication device then can be indicated and when be surpassed threshold value (or " opening circuit " value).The normal running of wind turbine will be cut off, and empennage will activate.Until fault indication device is eliminated, operation is just by " connection ", and empennage just will return to its home position, regardless of parameter value whether lower than threshold value.
In one embodiment, fault indication device is on timer, and until parameter is measured just removing lower than threshold value and lasting predetermined time.For instance, in wind speed threshold value is the example of 30 miles per hour, PLC1082 can through programming with at recording anemometer 1098 indication wind speed for example, lower than threshold restriction and continue to be greater than time " T " (, the T of 30 seconds
mAX=30) after, make fault indication device remove.
In another embodiment, fault indication device is until reach Second Threshold and just remove.In an example, wind speed cut-out value for example, higher than wind speed connection value (, cut off and activate at 28mph, connect and return to its home position at 18mph).In this way, wind speed must be reduced to far below threshold value to prevent wind turbine constantly circulation between actuating and unactuated position.
In another embodiment again of the present invention, the historical wind-force data in wind turbine place can be stored on computers, and in logic debate, call at different time interval, to determine whether empennage should be through activating or turn back to normal running.Figure 12 is illustrated in the plotted curve of the wind-force data in the time period.In an exemplary method of operation wind turbine, controller can issue an order empennage is returned to normal running at wind speed lower than threshold value (being shown as dotted line) and after continuing two minutes.Yet, the situation that can exist empennage repeatedly to activate under unstable wind-force condition.For instance, the right-hand side of plotted curve shows that wind speed usually surpasses and lower than threshold restriction.If empennage will activate in each situation, empennage assembly parts will stand many operation cycle so, and it can cause the premature wear to wind turbine assembly.
In order to alleviate this problem, expect within the scope of the invention some methods.In an example, can evaluation history data 1073 count with the number to actuating per hour.Can set up and control restriction, make when surpassing preset frequency, will extend lower than the required time of threshold value wind speed.For instance, default setting rises to four minutes in two minutes.If the number of rolling per hour still surpasses predetermined restriction, so for example can further restriction be extended to six minutes from four minutes.
In another example, trend that can evaluation history data 1073, and if discovery trend, can interrupt default action so.In one embodiment, can carry out time average to determine whether wind-force is tending towards rising to wind speed, as may be the upcoming storm in the situation that.The suitable fast rise that the data 1073 of describing in Figure 12 are shown wind speed.Can be coming from the disadvantageous condition of inferred from input data, and can change programmed logic so that empennage is activated and keeps long period section to prevent too much actuating.
In some embodiments of the invention, depend on the seriousness of parameter, can order empennage partly to activate or be actuated into less angle.In this way, the empennage that part activates will be permitted wind turbine and be produced the power for example, than complete actuated position (, θ=70-90 degree) more, thereby increase its whole efficiency.Figure 11 describes according to the block diagram of the method 4000 for the protection of horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts of this type of principle.In Figure 11, the same steps in same numbers indication Figure 10.
Method 4000 comprises supervision step 4142, and wherein PLC1082 reception is from the reading of sensor as input, and described sensor is recording anemometer 1098, voltage transducer 1100, current sensor 1102, temperature transducer 1104 and velocity transducer 1106 for example.In step 4144, PLC1082 is sensor reading and " red restriction " value being stored in storage 1094 relatively.In the situation that surpass one or more in red limits value, in step 4146, PLC1082 order wind turbine enters hard shutdown.
If PLC1082 finds no any red limits value and is exceeded, so in step 4148, next it compare sensor reading and be stored in the high limits value in storage 1094.In this embodiment, high limits value is illustrated in the restriction that should not be exceeded in time expand section.For instance, the high limits value of wind speed can be 35 miles per hour, and the high limits value of spinner velocity can be 300rpm.If PLC1082 determines that any one in high limits value is higher than its respective threshold, so in step 4150, PLC1082 will activate empennage assembly parts 1032 to the angle θ that equals approximately 70 to 90 degree, as shown in Fig. 7 C.Method 4000 then proceeds to step 4156, and fault indication device is set in step 4156, and method turns back to and monitors step 4142 thereafter.
If PLC1082 determines, do not have high limits value to reach its threshold value, method proceeds to step 4158 so, compares sensor reading and is stored in the medium limits value in storage 1094.In this embodiment, medium limits value indication causes the restriction to the medium risk of wind turbine in the situation that being exceeded.In an example, the medium limits value of wind speed can be in the scope of 32-35 mile per hour.If PLC1082 determines that any one in medium limits value is higher than its respective threshold, so in step 4160, PLC1082 will activate empennage assembly parts 1032 to the middle equal angles θ that equal approximately 30 degree, as shown in Fig. 7 B.Method 4000 then proceeds to step 4156, and fault indication device is set in step 4156, and method turns back to and monitors step 4142 thereafter.
If PLC1082 determines, do not reach any medium threshold limit, method proceeds to step 4162 so, compares sensor reading and is stored in the low limits value in storage 1094.In this embodiment, low limits value indication causes the low-risk restriction to wind turbine assembly in the situation that being exceeded.In an example, the low limits value of wind speed can be in the scope of 28-32 mile per hour.For instance, if PLC1082 determines that any one in low limits value is higher than its respective threshold, so in step 4164, PLC1082 will activate empennage assembly parts 1032 to the middle equal angles θ that equal approximately 15 degree.Method 4000 then proceeds to step 4156, and fault indication device is set in step 4156, and method turns back to and monitors step 4142 thereafter.
If PLC1082 determines in red restriction, high restriction, medium restriction or low threshold limit, do not have one to be exceeded, method 4000 proceeds to step 4166 so, determines whether fault indication device (arranging in step 4156) is removed.As explanation above, may need to postpone empennage to return to the step in its home position, even without threshold restriction, be exceeded.If fault indication device is not yet removed, so in one embodiment, method 4000 carries out arranging timer 4168.As described in step 4170, if the transit time on timer 4168 " T " (all the sensors reading has been less than the transit time of its respective threshold) be greater than threshold restriction T
mAX, method 4000 proceeds to step 4172 so, and in step 4172, fault indication device is removed and is resetted, and method turns back to and monitors step 4142.Otherwise deferred cycle is not yet expired, and do not take action except turning back to supervision step 4142.As explanation above, in other embodiments, step 4168 and 4170 for example can comprise, about whether meeting the decision-making of some other lagged variables (wind speed connection value).
In another embodiment, in step 4148,4158 and 4162, the settings of the restriction of definition or timer 4168 can be depending on the number of times of the restriction having reached in frame sometime and change.For instance, for example, when surpassing restriction (, low restriction 4162) for the first time, timer 4168 can be set to 30 seconds.For example, if again surpass restriction 4162 (in a certain time frames), timer 4168 can be set to 60 seconds so.If surpass for the third time restriction 4162, timer 4168 can be set to 2 minutes so.In this way, do not make empennage actuating time be longer than necessary time, and logic take into account wherein the situation that accidental fitful wind is not indicated consistent synoptic model.Turn back to step 4166, if fault indication device is removed, do not exist so and make the reason of empennage in actuated position.In step 4152, PLC1082 checks that whether empennage is through activating, for example, by noting the stroke on actuator 1052, or by checking the state of contact.If empennage is without actuating, wind turbine operates in prescribed limits so, and method 4000 turns back to supervision step 4142.If empennage is through activating, so in recovering step 4154, PLC1082 issue an order is so that empennage assembly parts returns to its home position (illustrated in Fig. 7 A), and method 4000 turns back to and monitors step 3142 thereafter.
An advantage of institute's announcement wind turbine is: can be in order to compensate yaw error through activating empennage.As described, error can cause the Efficiency Decreasing of 1%-2%.Proofreading and correct this error can be difficult because described error is also non-constant.That is, described error changes along with wind speed.In an example, the position of empennage assembly parts then changes to compensate yaw error along with wind speed.
Another advantage of institute's announcement wind turbine is: through activating empennage, can compensate or take into account a plurality of configurations of wind turbine, for example different length of blade configurations.Most prior art turbines prevent hypervelocity by the blast on balance blade, offset distance, spring tension, hinge and turning power, and these factors must keep constant in all turbo machines of described size.For instance, if longer blade is placed in the one of turbo machine, equation of equilibrium will be destroyed completely so.All wind turbines have maximum safe tip speed, and it passes through corrosion and vibration problem (for example, blade flutter=noise) conventionally predicts, for glass fibre blade, the safe tip speed of described maximum is estimated as 80-100 rice per second.This maximum tip speed drives by tip speed ratio (TSR).For instance, having through being designed for TSR is that the wind turbine of 1 blade is by the maximum tip speed with approximately 80 meters per second.Similarly, through being designed for TSR, be that 2 blade can spin under the wind speed up to 40 meters per second, and be that 4 blade can spin under the wind speed up to 20 meters per second through being designed for TSR.
Many wind turbines are approximately 7 or 8 blade through being designed for TSR, therefore need in the wind speed (30-35mph) of about 11-13 rice per second, protect.Therefore, rotor rolling-up mechanism (if exist) will operate under the wind speed at 11-13 rice per second, and no matter the length of rotor upper blade how.
By contrast, the wind turbine of present invention disclosed herein can be through programming to be activated empennage any wanting under conditioned disjunction wind speed.Therefore, can will compared with short blade, be arranged on the wind turbine in rather windy place, maybe can will be arranged on the wind turbine in relatively placidity place compared with linear leaf.Following instance has proved the advantage of this layout.
Example 1
In typical place, most wind 5 and 35mph between, seldom higher than 35mph.For example, according to an exemplary wind turbine of the present invention (, configuration A), can comprise 8 feet of blades, and can fully operation between 5-35mph.Electric power generation more than 35mph is too fast and impaired because blade tip moves, but owing to seldom having wind-force higher than 35mph, so this is less important Consideration.
Example 2
In another exemplary place, most wind-force between 10 and 45mph between.Remain unchanged, the empennage of " configuration A " wind turbine will activate at 35mph, and it has lost the wind energy that can capture in a large number.For example, yet wind turbine according to another embodiment of the present invention (, configuration B) can comprise compared with short blade, it can fully operation between 10-45mph.Empennage can be through programming to activate at 45mph.Wind turbine is not carried out under far below 10mph due to short blade, but owing to seldom having wind-force lower than 10mph, so this is less important Consideration.
Example 3
In another exemplary place, most wind-force between 2 and 15mph between.Most prior art wind turbines are due to inoperative in this place through designing best operation in 12-18mph.Even if " configuration A " and " configuration B " wind turbine also will poorly be carried out.Because experience seldom surpasses 30mph or wind speed more than 30mph, thus can install compared with linear leaf (for example, 9 feet) and 4 and 15mph between produce splendid performance.Because blade is longer, thus empennage need to activate at 20mph, but owing to seldom having wind-force higher than 20mph, so this is less important Consideration.The remarkable advantage of institute's announcement wind turbine is: wherein low wind field in owing to producing the almost energy of as much compared with linear leaf.
As understood with reference to three examples above, institute's announcement wind turbine can operation effectively under the wind condition of wide range, only needs reconfiguring of minimum degree.And prior art passive control type wind turbine accurately pressure, offset distance, spring tension, hinge and the turning power on balance blade to optimize the operation under single wind speed, wind turbine disclosed herein can more effectively operate, and only needs the software change that simple software change or (ideally) only need arrange with different length blade.
Although describe the present invention with reference to many specific embodiments, will understand, true spirit of the present invention and scope should only be determined about the claims that can be supported by this specification.In addition,, although in many cases system and equipment and method are described as having the element of given number herein, should be understood that this type systematic, equipment and method can put into practice by being less than the element of mentioned given number.For instance, lobe plate can be optional configuration, and system can not carried out satisfactorily in the situation that there is no lobe plate.And, although actuator is described as when empennage stretches shrinking, expect other configuration.For instance, actuator can extend when empennage stretches.And, although described many specific embodiments, will understand, feature and the aspect with reference to each specific embodiment, described can be for the embodiments of all the other each specific descriptions.
Claims (21)
1. through adjusting the horizontal axis wind turbine assembly parts using with on pylon top, it comprises:
Framework;
Yaw shaft assembly, it is coupled to described pylon by described framework and defines described framework around the yaw axis of its rotation;
AC motor, it is fastened to described framework;
Axle, it is coupled to described AC motor to produce electric power, and described axle defines described axle around the horizontal axis of its rotation;
Rotor hub, it is coupled to described axle;
A plurality of blades, it is fastened to described rotor hub;
Empennage assembly parts, it is rotatably coupled to described framework around vertical axis, described empennage assembly parts can operate to move to aim at described horizontal axis first stretch position and from the second place of described horizontal axis angle of swing θ; And
Actuator, its be fastened to described framework and through adjust with by described empennage assembly parts from described horizontal axis angle of swing θ.
2. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 1, it further comprises the load absorber element that is fastened to described framework, described load absorber element and the coupling of described actuator are to reduce dynamic load from described actuator.
3. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 2, wherein said load absorber element reduces dynamic load when described first stretches position at described empennage assembly parts.
4. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 3, wherein said actuator is linear actuators, and described wind turbine assembly parts further comprises and can rotate to contact around described linear actuators the lobe plate of described load absorber element.
5. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 2, wherein said load absorber element reduces dynamic load during in described the second rotational position at described empennage assembly parts.
6. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 1, the described second place compensation yaw error of wherein said empennage assembly parts.
7. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 6, the described position of wherein said empennage assembly parts changes to compensate yaw error along with wind speed.
8. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 1, wherein said angle θ is greater than 30 degree.
9. wind turbine assembly parts according to claim 8, wherein said angle θ is greater than 70 degree.
10. a method for operant level wind turbine assembly parts, it comprises the following steps:
The wind turbine assembly parts that comprises main body and empennage assembly parts is provided, and described empennage assembly parts can rotate with respect to described main body around vertical axis;
Actuator is provided, and described actuator rotates to from the second place of described primary importance angle of swing θ through adjusting so that described empennage assembly parts is stretched to position from first;
Whether the first threshold of determining described wind turbine assembly parts by computer is exceeded;
If the described first threshold of described wind turbine assembly parts is exceeded, activate so described actuator so that described empennage assembly parts rotates described angle θ,
Described empennage assembly parts is retained on to described angle θ, make described main body around the rotation of yaw axis, and described empennage assembly parts is aimed at again with oncoming wind; And
In response to described first threshold, be no longer exceeded, described empennage assembly parts returned to described first and stretch position.
11. methods according to claim 10, it further comprises and postpones describedly described empennage assembly parts to be returned to described first to stretch the step of position until reach Second Threshold.
12. methods according to claim 11, wherein said Second Threshold is a time period.
13. methods according to claim 10, wherein said first threshold is described yaw error.
14. methods according to claim 10, wherein said first threshold is wind speed.
15. methods according to claim 10, it further comprises the step that reduces the dynamic load on described actuator.
16. methods according to claim 15, it further comprises provides load absorber element dynamic load is moved away and to be transferred to the step of described load absorber element from described actuator.
17. methods according to claim 16, wherein said load absorber element shifts dynamic load when described first stretches position at described empennage assembly parts.
18. methods according to claim 16, wherein said load absorber element shifts dynamic load during in described the second rotational position at described empennage assembly parts.
19. methods according to claim 10, the step whether wherein said definite first threshold is exceeded comprises that the remote computer from communicating by letter with described wind turbine assembly parts receives actuation commands.
20. methods according to claim 10, the wherein said step of determining whether described threshold value is exceeded comprises by historical wind-force data determines whether described empennage should activate long period section.
21. methods according to claim 20, wherein by historical data described in described computer evaluation with discovery trend.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201261682998P | 2012-08-14 | 2012-08-14 | |
| US61/682,998 | 2012-08-14 | ||
| US13/838,728 | 2013-03-15 | ||
| US13/838,728 US20140050580A1 (en) | 2012-08-14 | 2013-03-15 | Wind turbine with actuating tail and method of operation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103590979A true CN103590979A (en) | 2014-02-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310354497.2A Pending CN103590979A (en) | 2012-08-14 | 2013-08-14 | Wind turbine with actuating tail and method of operation |
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| CN (1) | CN103590979A (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN110017246A (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2019-07-16 | 呼和浩特市博洋可再生能源有限责任公司 | A kind of middle-size and small-size wind energy conversion system active yawing mechanism |
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| CN110017246A (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2019-07-16 | 呼和浩特市博洋可再生能源有限责任公司 | A kind of middle-size and small-size wind energy conversion system active yawing mechanism |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |