CN103590954B - Injection valve - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of injection valve of combustion chamber for injecting fuel into explosive motor includes, valve seat, valve components, at least one injection opening, catalyst coat and at least one projection, wherein at least one injection opening is formed in valve seat and leads to combustion chamber, at least one injection opening is opened or closed by the stroke motion of valve components, catalyst coat is provided in the region towards combustion chamber of injection valve, and direction of at least one projection along combustion chamber extends and protruded into combustion chamber.

Description

Injection valve

The cross reference of related application

The German patent application No.102012214522.2 submitted for 15th this application claims August in 2012 priority, its Entire content is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

Technical field

It is this disclosure relates to a kind of for the injection valve of the combustion chamber injected fuel into explosive motor.

Background technology

In the case of in the combustion chamber for inject fuel directly into explosive motor, following problem, sedimentation of fuel are produced Thing or the deposit of soot particle form, which appear in, to be protruded into the region at the injection valve tip in combustion chamber.On the one hand, these There may be negative effect to the emission performance of explosive motor, on the other hand, it is also possible to have negatively to the operating parameters of injection valve Influence.

In order to overcome this problem, for example, DE19951014A1 discloses the coating in the burner ends of injection valve Application, the coating are used for catalyzed conversion or the burning for realizing undesired deposit.

However, when the burner ends of injection valve use this catalyst coat, during its operating there is also The problem of following other, the temperature that normal engine occurs during operating in the region of catalyst coat is typically not enough to ensure Effective progress of desired catalytic reaction, and particularly, will not generally reach " initiation temperature " of catalytic active layer.Cause This, it may occur however that the special catalyst coating that uses is not implemented expected effect, and as a result, the infringement of valve operating and The increase of the emission of explosive motor can occur due to fuel and the soot particle deposit of residual.

The content of the invention

In view of above-mentioned background situation, inventor has herein proposed the combustion chamber for injecting fuel into explosive motor Injection valve, it allows to strengthen the elimination of the undesired deposit in the burner ends section of injection valve, and therefore improved The behavior in service of injection valve during the operating of explosive motor and the emission performance of explosive motor.

Therefore, the injection valve of the combustion chamber for injecting fuel into explosive motor includes, valve seat, valve components, at least At least projection of one injection opening, catalyst coat and one, wherein at least one injection opening are formed in valve seat and led to To combustion chamber, at least one injection opening is opened or closed by the stroke motion of valve components, and catalyst coat is carried For in the region of the injection valve towards combustion chamber, direction of at least one projection along combustion chamber extends and protrudes into combustion chamber It is interior.

In this way, the injection valve of the disclosure allows to improve and protruded into the region of the injection valve nozzle in combustion chamber Deposit（For example, fuel）Elimination, and therefore by more efficiently using in existing catalyst coat is more favorable to The emission performance of burn engine.

When individually or with reference to accompanying drawing with reference to detailed description below when, above-mentioned advantage and further advantage of the invention and Feature will be apparent.

It should be understood that, there is provided the above content of the invention is further retouched in a specific embodiment to introduce in simplified form The selective concept stated.This is not meant to the key or essential characteristic that indicate claimed theme, it is desirable to the theme of protection Scope followed closely embodiment after claim uniquely determine.In addition, claimed theme is not limited to solve The embodiment of any shortcoming that refers to of any part certainly above or in the disclosure.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the injection valve of one embodiment according to the disclosure；

Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the injection valve according to prior art；And

Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the engine of the injection valve including Fig. 1.

Embodiment

Direct injection engine can be by the sediment pile of fuel and/or combustion product on fuel injector.These Deposit can negatively influence to discharge.Catalyst coat on injector tip can by catalyst coat and deposit it Between the exothermic reaction that occurs remove deposit layer, but unlikely during normal engine operates reach what exothermic reaction occurred Initiation temperature.According to embodiment described herein, injector tip can include the projection into combustion chamber of dashing forward, and it is carried The shape for the injector tip for giving combustion chamber more large surface is supplied, due to the higher heat input from combustion process so as to rising High injector tip temperature.Projection or projection can be designed in a manner of not limiting injector spray.

In one example, projection specifically can have axial range relative to the longitudinal axis of injection valve, and it is vertical It is especially at least 75% in the 50% of the scope for being at least the projection on the direction of the longitudinal axis of injection valve.According to one Embodiment, injection valve have at least two projections into combustion chamber of dashing forward.

According to another method, according to the disclosure for the injection valve that injects fuel into the combustion chamber of explosive motor With valve seat and valve components, wherein forming in valve seat and leading to the row that at least one injection opening of combustion chamber passes through valve components Cheng Yundong can be opened or closed, and wherein catalyst coat is provided at injection valve towards in the region of combustion chamber, and its Middle injection valve has at least two projections into combustion chamber of dashing forward.

In two above-mentioned methods, the disclosure is based specifically on such idea, configures as follows towards burning The injection valve section of room, in terms of its shape or geometry, the more large surface of the section by providing neighbouring combustion chamber, come from The increase of the absorption of the heat energy of combustion chamber, and the increase therefore supplied to the heat in catalyst coat region, so cause more fast Fast ground and/or the temperature range for more frequently reaching the catalytic process needed for the undesired deposit of generation removal.Specifically, increase The absorption of the heat energy of Calais spontaneous combustion room has the effect for the initiation temperature for more quickly and more frequently exceeding catalyst coat.

According to one embodiment, injection valve has the first projection and the second projection, and the first projection is relative to the vertical of injection valve Inner side is radially disposed to axis, the second projection is radially disposed at outside relative to the longitudinal axis of injection valve.Specifically, First projection can have the geometry along the tapered basic cone in the direction of combustion chamber.Second projection can be designed as Specifically relative to injection valve longitudinal axis circular rings.

According to one embodiment, multiple injections that there is injection valve the longitudinal axis relative to injection valve obliquely to arrange are opened Mouthful.In this case, injection opening specifically can be radially arranged between the first projection and the second projection.According to this The open projection provided on injection valve is opened in terms of its position and geometry with not damaging via the injection for leading to combustion chamber The form configuration of the fuel injection of mouth.

According to one embodiment, at least one projection is formed on valve seat.

According to one embodiment, catalyst coat is formed at least one projection.

According to the disclosure, catalyst coat can be formed specifically around injection opening, to reduce this as well as possible Deposit in individual region, or these deposits are avoided completely.Projection is used to guide more heat to surface, and therefore makes Catalytic process starts.However, projection can also equally break away from deposit as far as possible, and therefore equally can catalytically be covered Lid.

According to one embodiment, valve components have needle and are arranged the valve ball of one end of needle.

First, the typical structure of the injection valve 1 according to prior art is explained below with reference to Fig. 2.

According to Fig. 2, injection valve 1 has valve seat 3 and valve components 4, valve seat 3（For example, pass through welding）It is fixed on valve chest 2 On, valve components 4 are formed by needle 5 and valve ball 6, longitudinal axis " A " of the needle 5 along injection valve 1 extend and be arranged to so as to Stroke motion can be performed along the longitudinal axis A, valve ball 6 is disposed in the end segment of the needle 5.Pass through the He of valve components 4 The stroke motion of associated valve ball 6, the injection opening 7,8 for being formed in valve seat 3 and leading to combustion chamber 9 can be opened or close Close, wherein, when injection opening 7,8 is opened, the fuel fog containing fuel or sprinkling mist from positioned at valve seat 3 and valve components 4 it Between fluid space with according to alignment injection opening 7,8 proper angle enter combustion chamber 9.

According to Fig. 2, valve seat 3 is represented with the surface region that combustion chamber 9 contacts by " 3a " and " 3b ".At least in these surface districts The catalyst coat illustrated in beginning is provided in domain 3a, 3b subregion, if temperature is very high（Specifically exceed Fire temperature）, then completed by the catalyst coat undesired（Specifically fuel or soot）The catalyzed conversion of deposit.Example Such as, those skilled in the art know the suitable material of this catalyst coat according to DE19951014A1, and for example can be with Include cobalt（Co）, nickel（Ni）, cobalt the oxide or oxide of nickel, the oxide of cobalt or nickel alloy or even noble metal（Example Such as, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir or Pt）.

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram 10 of the injection valve of one embodiment according to the disclosure（Also referred to as fuel injector 10）, it allows to more efficiently use catalyst coat described above.Here, it is similar to those in Fig. 2 or with identical The part that mode operates with corresponding reference numeral by adding " 10 " to represent.

According to Fig. 1, the conventional spray valve 1 in Fig. 2 is different from according to the injection valve 10 of the disclosure, difference is that valve seat 13 has There are two projections protruded into combustion chamber 19（It is or raised）20、21（By being used in the region on neighbouring combustion chamber 19 Extra material）.Moreover, catalyst coat 20a, 21a be provided the projection 20 in illustrative embodiment in Fig. 1, On 21 surface.

In shown illustrated embodiment（But disclosure not limited to this）, injection valve 10 is specific to have first to dash forward 20 and second projection 21 are played, the first projection 20 is relative to its longitudinal axis（Represented by " A "）Inner side is radially disposed at, second is prominent Play 21 and be radially disposed at outside relative to the longitudinal axis A of injection valve 10.Therefore, the first projection 20 can be in injection valve 10 From injection valve 10 at central longitudinal axis A（For example, from valve seat 13）Stretch out.In some instances, valve seat 13 can also include stretching Enter the projection into combustion chamber.First projection 20 can separate with the projection of valve seat, but it can have similar shape.At this In the case of kind, the first projection 20 has basic cone or truncated cone（frustoconical）Geometry, its along combustion The middle part direction for burning room is tapered.

Second projection 21 can be the circular rings relative to the longitudinal axis A of injection valve 10.That is, the second projection 21 can be The annulus being arranged on the outside of injection valve 10.Therefore, the first projection 20 can be close to central longitudinal axis A and the second projection 21 Around the first projection 20 and central longitudinal axis A and away from the first projection 20 and central longitudinal axis A.

In some instances, the length of the first projection 20 at least can be twice of the second projection 21.First projection 20 Length can be more than or equal to the width of the first projection 20.The length of first projection 20 can be set so that when piston stops upper During point, the piston of the first projection 20 not catalytic combustion room.Although the first projection 20, which is shown to have to carry, is centrally located at longitudinal axis The cone of distal end on line A or the geometry of truncated cone, but other structures are possible.For example, the first projection 20 can be square, circular, cylindrical, parabolic shape or other shapes.First projection 20 can have centre bit In on longitudinal axis A or deviateing longitudinal axis A one or more distal ends.First projection 20 can have such shape, It is optimised to absorb heat from combustion chamber and guides heat to other regions of injection valve 10.

Similarly, the second projection 21 can have other suitable shapes.For example, in addition to continuous annulus, second is prominent Playing 21 can include being disposed in multiple projections in the circle of the first projection 20.Second projection 21 is shown to have from valve The the first substantially straight outside of outer wall extension and the inner side of the second taper of seat.However, in certain embodiments, the first side can be with It is taper and/or the second side can be straight.First side of the second projection can align with the outer wall of valve seat, or it can be inclined From the outer wall.The width of second projection 21 can be equal to or more than the length of the second projection 21.

First projection 20 and the second projection 21 can include the material similar to seat material.In other embodiments, One projection 20 and the second projection 21 can include the material with more high heat capacity or thermal conductivity factor different from seat material.

First projection 20 and the second projection 21 can be coplanar with valve seat 13（face-sharing）Contact.In other embodiment In, the first projection 20 and/or the second projection 21 can be indirectly coupled to valve seat 13.

As also can be as seen from Figure 1, injection opening 17,18 is the longitudinal axis A's relative to injection valve 10 It is arranged in the radial direction between the first projection 20 and the second projection 21.Selected geometry ensures that projection 20,21 will not be led Cause the weakening or limitation for entering the sprinkling mist of combustion chamber 19 via injection opening 17,18.Therefore, the second projection 21 can be than first Projection 20 is shorter, enters combustion chamber in the case where not disturbed by the second projection 21 to allow to spray mist.However, the disclosure is unlimited In the specific arrangements of injection opening 17,18, and specifically, it may also provide more injection openings or even only one injection opened Mouthful.

Although catalyst coat 20a, 21a is formed directly into projection 20,21 in the illustrative embodiments, this public affairs Open not limited to this.In other embodiments, catalyst coat can also be provided on no prominent surface partially or completely In region（For example, on the surface of valve seat between the first projection 20 and the second projection 21）, in injection valve 10 and valve seat 13 Towards on that side of combustion chamber 19, because in such an arrangement, the heat energy absorbed by projection from combustion chamber 19 is via spray The material for penetrating valve 10 and valve seat 13 is oriented to respective catalyst coat, and can similarly help to the increase of its efficiency.

The disclosure be not limited to specifically figure 1 illustrates injection valve 10 geometry, particularly in neighbouring combustion chamber In 19 region.Therefore, the disclosure absorbs with increase in the described embodiment it is also possible to consider including following further embodiment The heat energy of spontaneous combustion room and therefore realize during the operating of explosive motor and more quickly and/or more frequently exceed catalysis The mode of the initiation temperature of agent coating provides at least one projection.

Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of a cylinder of multicylinder engine 100, for example, it can be included in the propulsion of vehicle In system.Engine 100 can be at least in part by the control system including controller 120 and via input unit 130 Input control from vehicle operators 132.In this illustration, input unit 130 includes accelerator pedal and for producing Proportional pedal position signal PP pedal position sensor 134.The combustion chamber of engine 100（That is cylinder）30 can include Chamber wall 32, piston 36 are arranged on wherein.Piston 36 can be attached to bent axle 40, and the reciprocating motion of such piston is turned It is changed to the rotary motion of bent axle.Bent axle 40 can be attached at least one driving wheel of vehicle via intermediate transmission system.This Outside, starter motor can be attached to bent axle 40 via flywheel, to realize that the startup of engine 100 operates.

Combustion chamber 30 can receive air inlet via inlet manifold 42 from inlet channel 44, and can be via exhaust passage 48 Discharge burning gases.Inlet channel 44 and exhaust passage 48 can be via respective inlet valve 52 and exhaust valve 54 and combustion chambers 30 Selectively communicate with.In certain embodiments, combustion chamber 30 can include two or more inlet valves and/or two or more Individual exhaust valve.

Inlet valve 52 can pass through electric gate driver by controller 120（EVA）51 controls.Similarly, exhaust valve 54 by Controller 120 is controlled by EVA53.In some cases, controller 120 can change the letter for being supplied to driver 51 and 53 Number, so as to control the opening and closing of each air inlet and exhaust valve.The position of inlet valve 52 and exhaust valve 54 can be respectively by gas Door position sensor 55 and 57 determines.In alternative embodiment, one or more in inlet valve and exhaust valve can be with By one or more actuated by cams, and can be converted using cam profile（CPS）, variable cam timing（VCT）, it is variable Valve timing（VVT）And/or lift range variable（VVL）It is one or more in system, to change valve operating.For example, Cylinder 30 can alternately include by the inlet valve of electric valve actuation control and the cam by including CPS and/or VCT The exhaust valve of actuation control.

Fuel injector 66 is shown as being attached directly to combustion chamber 30, with will pass through electronic driver 68 with from controller The 120 signal FPW received pulse width is proportionally injected fuel directly into wherein.In this way, fuel injector 66 So-called fuel is provided to be directly injected in combustion chamber 30.For example, fuel injector can be installed in combustion chamber sidepiece or The top of combustion chamber.Fuel can be by including the fuel system of fuel tank and petrolift（It is not shown）It is delivered to fuel injector 66.In certain embodiments, combustion chamber 30 can alternatively or additionally include being arranged in inlet channel 44 to be constructed as below In fuel injector, it is described construction provide to the air inlet of the upstream of combustion chamber 30 so-called fuel air road injection.Example Such as, petrol engine can use toroidal swirl type fuel injector（DI）, and diesel engine can use port fuel Injector（PFI）Engine is delivered fuel to be burnt.Fuel injector 66 is one of Fig. 2 fuel injector 10 non- Limitative examples.Therefore, fuel injector 66 can include one or more projections protruded into combustion chamber 30, such as upper Face is on described by Fig. 2.

Inlet manifold 42 can include the air throttle 62 with choke block 64.In this specific example, choke block 64 Position can be by controller 120 by being supplied to the motor being included in air throttle 62 or driver to change, this configuration Commonly known as Electronic Throttle Control（ETC）.In this way, air throttle 62 can be operated is supplied in engine to change The air inlet of combustion chamber 30 among cylinder.The position of choke block 64 can be supplied to controller by throttle position signal TP 120.Inlet manifold 42 can include mass air flow sensor 121 and manifold air mass sensor 122, for control Device 120 provides respective signal MAF and MAP.

Under the operation mode of selection, in response to the spark advance signal SA from controller 120, ignition system 88 can be with Via spark plug 92 pilot spark is provided to combustion chamber 30.In certain embodiments, although showing spark ignition part, In the case of being with or without pilot spark, can equally be made with compression ignition pattern engine 100 combustion chamber 30 or one or More other combustion chambers operate.

Exhaust gas oxygen sensor 126 is shown as being attached to the exhaust passage 48 of the upstream of emission control system 70.Sensor 126 Can be for provide exhaust air-fuel ratio instruction any suitable sensor, such as linear oxygen sensors or UEGO（It is general or Wide area exhaust gas oxygen sensor）, bifurcation lambda sensor or EGO, HEGO（Hot type EGO）, NOx, HC or CO sensor.Emission control Device 70 is shown as arranging along the exhaust passage 48 in the downstream of exhaust gas oxygen sensor 126.Device 70 can be three-way catalyst （TWC）, NOx trap, various other emission control systems or its combination.In certain embodiments, in the operating of engine 100 Period, emission control system 70 can be by making at least one cylinder in engine be operated in specific air-fuel ratio and periodically Ground is reset.

Controller 120 is illustrated as microcomputer in figure 3, and it includes microprocessing unit（CPU）102nd, input/output terminal Mouthful（I/O）104th, ROM chip is used as in this particular example（ROM）It is used for executable program and school shown in 106 Electronic storage medium, the random access memory of quasi- numerical value（RAM）108th, keep-alive memory access（KAM）110 and data/address bus.Control Device 120 can receive the various signals from the sensor for being attached to engine 100, except those signals discussed before Outside, in addition to the air mass mass air flow sensor from mass air flow sensor 120（MAF）Measurement；From being attached to The ECT of the temperature sensor 112 of cooling cover 114（ECT）；From the Hall effect for being attached to bent axle 40 Sensor 118（Or other types）Profile ignition pickup signal（PIP）；Throttle position from TPS （TP）；And the absolute manifold pressure signal MAP from sensor 122.Engine rotational speed signal RPM can be by controller 120 Produced according to signal PIP.Manifold pressure signal MAP from manifold pressure sensor can be used in inlet manifold The instruction of vacuum or pressure.Pay attention to, the various combinations of the sensor can be used, it is all to be passed if any maf sensor without MAP Sensor, or vice versa it is as the same.During stoichiometric proportion operates, MAP sensor can provide the instruction of engine torque.In addition, This sensor can provide the inflation being inhaled into cylinder together with the engine speed detected（Including air）Estimation. In one example, predetermined quantity can be produced in each rotation of bent axle by also serving as the sensor 118 of engine speed sensor Equidistant pulse.

Pay attention to, Fig. 3 illustrate only a cylinder in multicylinder engine, and it can be similarly included certainly in each cylinder Oneself one group of air inlet/exhaust valve, fuel injector, spark plug etc..In one example, cylinder can be with specific pre- Fiery sequential operation is pinpointed, as determined by valve timing.

Therefore, system described herein provides fuel injector, and it is included：Valve system and valve seat；First projection, its The central longitudinal axis of fuel injector stretch out from valve seat；Second projection, its around the first projection in the radial direction from valve Seat stretches out；At least one injector opening, it is disposed between the first projection and the second projection；And catalyst coat, its It is formed at least in the first projection.

In one example, additionally or alternatively, catalyst coat is formed in the second projection.In another example, Additionally or alternatively, catalyst coat is formed around at least one injector opening.

First projection can have 50% length of at least the first spout width, and the second projection can have at least For 50% length of the second spout width.

At least one injector opening can include multiple injector openings, and the longitudinal axis of its relative injector is obliquely Arrangement.Valve system can include needle and be arranged in the valve ball of one end of needle.

In one embodiment, system includes engine, and it includes combustion chamber；And direct fuel injector, it is used for Inject fuel into combustion chamber.Fuel injector includes valve system and valve system seat；First projection, it is in fuel injector Central longitudinal axis stretch into combustion chamber from valve system seat；Second projection, it is along the radial direction around the first projection from valve system Seat stretches into combustion chamber；At least one injector opening, it is formed in valve system seat, and is disposed in the first projection and the Between two projections；And catalyst coat, it is at least formed in the first projection and the second projection, wherein the first projection has extremely It is 50% length of the first spout width less, and wherein the second projection has 50% length of at least the second spout width Degree.

Pay attention to, the example control included herein and estimation program can construct with various engines and/or Vehicular system It is used together.Specific procedure described herein can represent one or more of any number of processing strategy, such as Event-driven, interrupt driving, multitask, multithreading etc..Therefore, described various actions, operation and/or function can be with Shown order, concurrently it is performed, or is omitted in some cases.Similarly, the present invention described herein is realized The feature and advantage of example embodiment be not necessarily required to the processing sequence, but provided for the ease of illustrating and illustrating The processing sequence.Depending on used specific policy, one or more of shown action, operation and/or function It can be repeatedly executed.In addition, described action, operation and/or function can be represented graphically being incorporated into engine control The non-transitory memory of computer-readable recording medium in system.

It should be understood that construction disclosed herein and program are substantially exemplary, and these specific implementations Example is not to be considered as limiting, because many variants are possible.For example, above-mentioned technology can be applied to V-6, I-4, I-6, V-12, opposed 4 cylinder and other engine types.Subject of the present invention includes various systems disclosed herein and construction and its Its feature, function and/or all novel and non-obvious combination of property and sub-portfolio.

It is considered as novel and non-obvious some combinations and sub-portfolio that appended claims, which particularly point out,.These Claim can be related to "one" element or " first " element or its equivalent.It should be appreciated that such claim includes One or more such elements are included, or need not both be not excluded for two or more such elements.This or it is related Application in, by changing present claims or proposing new claim, disclosed feature, function, element and/or property Other combinations and sub-portfolio can be claimed.Such claim, either wider than former right, narrow, etc. It is same or different, it is all considered in the theme of the disclosure.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of injection valve for being used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber of explosive motor, it is included：

Valve seat, it has the first projection and the second projection from valve seat extension, first projection and the institute of the valve seat State the second projection difference, and second projection of the neighbouring valve seat；

Valve components；

At least one injection opening, it is formed in the valve seat and leads to the combustion chamber, and at least one injection is opened Mouth is opened or closed by the stroke motion of the valve components；

Catalyst coat, it is provided in the region towards the combustion chamber of the injection valve；And

First projection and second projection are extending and protruded into the combustion chamber along the direction of the combustion chamber；With And

First projection is single projection, is the unique projection for the inside for being located radially at least one injection opening.

2. injection valve according to claim 1, wherein first projection has the width of at least described first projection 50% length, and wherein described second projection have at least described second projection width 50% length.

3. injection valve according to claim 1, wherein longitudinal axis line footpath of first projection relative to the injection valve It is arranged in ground on inner side, and second projection is radially disposed outside relative to the longitudinal axis of the injection valve On side.

4. injection valve according to claim 3, wherein first projection is with tapered along the direction of the combustion chamber The geometry of basic cone.

5. injection valve according to claim 3, wherein second projection is the longitudinal direction relative to the injection valve The circular rings of axis.

6. injection valve according to claim 3, wherein at least one injection opening is included relative to the injection valve Multiple injection openings for obliquely arranging of longitudinal axis.

7. injection valve according to claim 6, wherein the multiple injection opening be arranged in along the radial direction it is described Between first projection and second projection.

8. injection valve according to claim 1, the projection is formed on the valve seat.

9. injection valve according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst coat is formed on first projection and described In second projection.

10. injection valve according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst coat surrounds at least one injection opening shape Into.

11. injection valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve components include needle and are arranged in one end of the needle Valve ball.

12. a kind of fuel injector, it is included：

Valve system and valve seat；

First projection, it extends at the central longitudinal axis of the fuel injector from the valve seat；

Second projection, it from the valve seat in extending around first projection in the radial direction；

At least one injector opening, it is disposed between first projection and second projection；And

Catalyst coat, it is at least formed in first projection.

13. fuel injector according to claim 12, wherein the catalyst coat is formed on second projection On.

14. fuel injector according to claim 12, wherein the catalyst coat surrounds at least one injection Device opening is formed.

15. fuel injector according to claim 12, wherein first projection has at least described first projection Width 50% length, and wherein described second projection have at least described second projection width 50% length Degree.

16. fuel injector according to claim 12, wherein at least one injector opening is included relative to institute State multiple injector openings that the longitudinal axis of injector is obliquely arranged.

17. fuel injector according to claim 12, wherein the valve system includes needle and is arranged in the needle One end valve ball.

18. a kind of engine system, it is included：

Engine, it includes combustion chamber；And

Direct fuel injector, it is used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber, and the fuel injector includes：

Valve system and valve system seat；

First projection, it extends from the valve system seat at the central longitudinal axis of the fuel injector and enters institute State combustion chamber；

Second projection, it extends from the valve system seat along the radial direction around first projection and enters the combustion Burn room；

At least one injector opening, it is formed in the valve system seat, and is disposed in first projection and institute State between the second projection；And

Catalyst coat, it is at least formed in first projection and second projection, wherein first projection has There is 50% length of the width of at least described first projection, and wherein described second projection has at least described second 50% length of the width of projection.