CN103590123B - A kind of composite fibre materials - Google Patents
A kind of composite fibre materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN103590123B CN103590123B CN201310524746.8A CN201310524746A CN103590123B CN 103590123 B CN103590123 B CN 103590123B CN 201310524746 A CN201310524746 A CN 201310524746A CN 103590123 B CN103590123 B CN 103590123B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite fibre materials, belong to field of compound material.Composite fibre materials comprises: fibrous material and radiation proof material, and radiation proof material comprises at least one in absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal material.The present invention is by adding in fibrous material by least one in absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal material, utilize absorbing material electromagnetic wave absorption, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal material shields electromagnetic wave, thus make composite fibre materials can anti-electromagnetic radiation effectively, and shield effectiveness is higher, use field more extensively, safer; In addition, the fabric that composite fibre materials is made, not only has higher anti-electromagnetic radiation performance equally, also has larger thermal conductivity factor, and sense of touch is more smooth nice and cool; Comparatively large based on added absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal density of material, make fabric have good sag, improve the favor degree of consumer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of compound material, particularly a kind of composite fibre materials.
Background technology
Fiber refers to and is made up of continuous or discrete filament, length diameter group more than large thousand times and present uniform strip or thread material.Have that elastic modelling quantity is large, plastic deformation is little, intensity advantages of higher, it is widely used in the industries such as weaving, military and environmental protection.
Synthetic fiber be a kind of through chemical treatment processing the fiber made, there is strength and toughness excellence, the advantage such as cheap, of many uses.Prior art adopts interpolation lead or plumbous compound in the macromolecular materials such as polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyamide to prepare the synthetic fiber with radiation proof function.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds that prior art at least exists following problem:
Synthetic fiber prepared by prior art are to lower to shielding electromagnetic waves usefulness, and the use of plumbous and plumbous compound is harmful to the health of user, there is larger potential safety hazard, are difficult to heavy industrialization application.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the lower problem of prior art synthetic fiber shield effectiveness, embodiments provide a kind of composite fibre materials.Described technical scheme is as follows:
On the one hand, provide a kind of composite fibre materials, described composite fibre materials comprises: fibrous material and radiation proof material, and described radiation proof material comprises at least one in absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal material.
Particularly, as preferably, the gross mass of described radiation proof material is not less than 1% of described composite fibre materials gross mass.
Particularly, as preferably, the gross mass of described radiation proof material accounts for the 20-50% of described composite fibre materials gross mass.
Particularly, as preferably, described absorbing material is at least one in ferrite, graphite, acetylene, carbon black, carborundum and composite material of silicon carbide, chiral material, plasma material.
Particularly, as preferably, described amorphous alloy material is at least one in Fe-based amorphous alloy, ni-based amorphous alloy, cobalt base amorphous alloy, niobium base noncrystal alloy, cu-based amorphous alloys.
Particularly, as preferably, described metal nanocrystal material is at least one in niobium nano crystal material, copper nanocrystallite body material, iron nano crystal material, nickel nano crystal material, cobalt nanocrystal body material.
Particularly, as preferably, the described absorbing material in described composite fibre materials, described amorphous alloy material, described metal nanocrystal material are powder body material.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is brought is:
The composite fibre materials that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by at least one in absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal material is added in general fibre material, absorbing material can be utilized on the one hand to absorb incident electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave of amorphous alloy material and/or the incidence of metal nanocrystal material shields can be utilized on the other hand, thus make prepared composite fibre materials can anti-electromagnetic radiation effectively, and shield effectiveness is higher, use field more extensively, safer; And the fabric that composite fibre materials is made, not only has higher anti-electromagnetic radiation performance, also have larger thermal conductivity factor, sense of touch is more smooth nice and cool; In addition, comparatively large based on added absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal density of material, make described fabric have good sag, improve the favor degree of consumer.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Embodiments provide a kind of composite fibre materials, described composite fibre materials comprises: fibrous material and radiation proof material, and described radiation proof material comprises at least one in absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal material.
The composite fibre materials that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material are added in fibrous material, absorbing material is utilized to absorb incident electromagnetic wave on the one hand, utilize the electromagnetic wave of amorphous alloy material and/or the incidence of metal nanocrystal material shields on the other hand, thus make prepared composite fibre materials can anti-electromagnetic radiation effectively, and shield effectiveness is higher, use field more extensively, safer.In addition, the fabric that described composite fibre materials is made, not only has higher anti-electromagnetic radiation performance equally, also has larger thermal conductivity factor, and sense of touch is more smooth nice and cool.Comparatively large based on added absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal density of material, make described fabric have good sag, improve the favor degree of consumer.
In the embodiment of the present invention, fibrous material, as matrix, can be selected from any one in natural fabric, artificial fibre, for example, and string, animal fiber, mineral fibres, chemical fibre, inorfil and other synthetic fiber various.By adding at least one in absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, nano crystal material in above-mentioned fibrous material, to be absorbed by absorbing material on the one hand, the electromagnetic wave energy of attenuating space incidence, and convert the electromagnetic energy of absorption to heat energy loss and fall; Come to shield electromagnetic wave further by amorphous alloy material, nano crystal material on the other hand, thus reduce or eliminate incident electromagnetic wave.Thus the anti-electromagnetic radiation performance of prepared composite fibre materials can be made higher.
The interpolation of above-mentioned absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, nano crystal material, the intensity of prepared composite fibre materials and density also can be made further to be increased, thus the fabric utilizing described composite fibre materials to make not only has good mar proof, also there is good also sag.In addition, based on above-mentioned absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, conductive capability that nano crystal material is good, prepared synthetic fiber can have stronger antistatic capacity; Based on above-mentioned absorbing material, the capacity of heat transmission that amorphous alloy material, nano crystal material are good, effectively can improve the thermal diffusivity of prepared composite fibre materials, and make the sense of touch of the fabric made by it smooth nice and cool further, increase the comfort level of user.
Particularly, as preferably, the gross mass of described radiation proof material is not less than 1% of described composite fibre materials gross mass.
Particularly, as preferably, the gross mass of described radiation proof material accounts for the 20-50% of described composite fibre materials gross mass.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the different content of absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or nano crystal material can be selected according to performance requirement particularly, the gross mass of the absorbing material added, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material is higher, and the masking value of prepared composite fibre materials to electromagnetic field is higher.The masking value dB of general employing to electromagnetic field evaluates a kind of anti-electromagnetic radiation ability of article, general for household electrical appliance, as the radiation of anti-computer, micro-wave oven etc., masking value reaches 15dB, close at the special high-radiation field such as radar, transmitting station, the standard regulation radiation proof value of U.S. Military should reach and be greater than 15dB.Under normal circumstances, the masking value of 30dB can have the shield effectiveness of 90% to electromagnetic radiation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the gross mass of absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material is 20% of composite fibre materials gross mass, prepared composite fibre materials is 30dB to the masking value of electromagnetic field; When the gross mass of absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material is 25% of composite fibre materials gross mass, prepared composite fibre materials is 40dB to the masking value of electromagnetic field; When the gross mass of absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material is 30% of composite fibre materials gross mass, prepared composite fibre materials is 50dB to the masking value of electromagnetic field; When the gross mass of absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material is 40% of composite fibre materials gross mass, prepared composite fibre materials is 60dB to the masking value of electromagnetic field; When the gross mass of absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material is 50% of composite fibre materials gross mass, prepared composite fibre materials is 70dB to the masking value of electromagnetic field; Visible, in the embodiment of the present invention, prepared composite fibre materials is to the masking value of electromagnetic field along with the gross mass of absorbing material, amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material be ratio growth, and prepared synthetic fiber have higher shield effectiveness.
Particularly, as preferably, described absorbing material is at least one in ferrite, graphite, acetylene, carbon black, carborundum and composite material of silicon carbide, chiral material, plasma material.
Wherein, the loss mechanism of absorbing material roughly can be divided into following a few class: one, resistive losses, the resistive loss that this type of mechanism of absorption is relevant with the conductance of material, namely conductance is larger, macroscopic electrical current that carrier causes (comprising electric current that electric field change causes and the eddy current that changes of magnetic field causes) is larger, thus is conducive to electromagnetic energy and becomes heat energy.Its two, dielectric loss, it is the class dielectric loss mechanism of absorption relevant with electrode, namely by medium repeatedly polarize " friction " that produce act on and become thermal energy consumption to dissipate electromagnetic energy.Dielectric polarization process comprises: electron cloud displacement polarization, and polarizable medium electric moment turns to polarization, and electric iron body electricdomain turns to polarization and wall displacement etc.They are three years old, magnetic loss, this type of mechanism of absorption is the class magnetic loss relevant with the dynamic magnetization process of ferromagnetic media, this type of loss can be refined as: magnetic hystersis loss, gyromagnet eddy current, damping loss and magnetic aftereffect effect etc., its main source be turn to the similar magnetic domain of magnetic hysteresis mechanism, domain wall displacement and magnetic domain natural resonance etc.In addition, up-to-date nano material lossy microwave mechanism is the large focus that current absorbing material is analyzed.
Above-mentioned each absorbing material that the embodiment of the present invention is selected, above any one can be added, or mixing adds multiple, and it not only has higher absorptivity to electromagnetic wave in wider band limits simultaneously, also there is lightweight, heatproof, moisture-proof, the various premium properties such as corrosion-resistant.Preferably, select the ferrite with features such as absorption frequency range are high, absorptivity is high, matching thickness is thin as absorbing material.According to electromagnetic wave in media as well from the rule that low magnetic steering high magnetic conductance direction is propagated, utilize the bootable electromagnetic wave of high magnetic conductivity ferrite, and by resonance, the emittance of a large amount of electromagnetic wave absorption, then by coupling, electromagnetic energy conversion is become heat energy.Such as, this absorbing material is applied in electronic equipment, the electromagnetic radiation that Absorbable rod is revealed, the object eliminating electromagnetic interference can be reached.
Particularly, as preferably, described amorphous alloy material is at least one in Fe-based amorphous alloy, ni-based amorphous alloy, cobalt base amorphous alloy, niobium base noncrystal alloy, cu-based amorphous alloys.
In the embodiment of the present invention, select above-mentioned each amorphous alloy material not only based on conduction and the heat conductivility of above-mentioned each material high, also based on the higher intensity of above-mentioned each material and toughness, added the synthetic fiber prepared in fibrous material, elastic modelling quantity that fibrous material itself has is large, plastic deformation is little not only to make synthetic fiber have, intensity advantages of higher, more give the anti-electromagnetic-radiation performance of fibrous material further intensity and excellence, prepared synthetic fiber are made to have purposes widely, industrial applications wider.In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, the kind of amorphous alloy material has multiple, in the embodiment of the present invention, can add above any one, or mixing adds simultaneously, and prepared synthetic fiber all can be made to have stronger shield effectiveness multiple, the amorphous alloy material of other kinds, such as: al based amorphous alloy, manganese base noncrystal alloy etc. are also selectable.
Particularly, as preferably, described metal nanocrystal material is at least one in niobium nano crystal material, copper nanocrystallite body material, iron nano crystal material, nickel nano crystal material, cobalt nanocrystal body material.
On the one hand due to the architectural feature (crystallite dimension is in nanometer scale with containing a large amount of inner boundaries) of metal nanocrystal material uniqueness; On the other hand because metal nanocrystal material list reveals physics and chemistry and the mechanical property of a series of excellence, such as: excellent optical property, excellent conductivity and stronger corrosion resistance etc.In the embodiment of the present invention, adopt above-mentioned metal nanocrystal material to improve the combination property of composite fibre materials, make these synthetic fiber have wider range of application.Above-mentioned metal nanocrystal material together can add in fibrous material with amorphous alloy material, also can add above each metal nanocrystal material any one, or mixing adds multiple simultaneously.
Particularly, as preferably, the described absorbing material in described composite fibre materials, described amorphous alloy material, described metal nanocrystal material are powder.
In the embodiment of the present invention, absorbing material, amorphous alloy material, metal nanocrystal material are powder body material, preferably, described powder body material is micron order or nanoscale, such as under nanoscale, in above-mentioned each material, the quantum-mechanical nature of electronics and interatomic interaction will be subject to the impact of scale size, if obtain the structure of nanoscale, the fundamental property of controlled prepared material as fusing point, magnetic, electric capacity even color, and does not change the chemical analysis of material.In addition, diameter of particle also can be low to moderate below nanoscale, synthetic fiber not only internal structure homogenising, decentralized and stabilisation more prepared like this, and apparent sense of touch is also more smooth, increase the favor degree of user, thus be beneficial to its industrialization development and application.
Synthetic fiber prepared by the embodiment of the present invention are based on its masking value higher to electromagnetic field, and there is efficient electromagnetic wave shielding function and stronger anti-static ability, in addition, synthetic fiber selection prepared by the embodiment of the present invention is safer, enhance the function of safety protection to user, therefore its Application Areas is wider.For example, synthetic fiber prepared by the embodiment of the present invention can be used for textile industry, with blending such as cotton, hairs, for the preparation of the various fabric of one-tenth, the interpolation of the amorphous alloy material that prepared fabric density based is larger and metal nanocrystal material, not only there is better thermal conductivity and sag is better, there is good market potential.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a composite fibre materials, is characterized in that, described composite fibre materials comprises: fibrous material and radiation proof material, and described radiation proof material comprises absorbing material and amorphous alloy material and/or metal nanocrystal material;
The gross mass of described radiation proof material accounts for the 20-50% of described composite fibre materials gross mass;
Described absorbing material is at least one in ferrite, graphite, acetylene, carbon black, chiral material, plasma material;
Described amorphous alloy material is at least one in Fe-based amorphous alloy, ni-based amorphous alloy, cobalt base amorphous alloy, niobium base noncrystal alloy, cu-based amorphous alloys;
Described metal nanocrystal material is at least one in niobium nano crystal material, copper nanocrystallite body material, iron nano crystal material, nickel nano crystal material, cobalt nanocrystal body material.
2. composite fibre materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described absorbing material in described composite fibre materials, described amorphous alloy material, described metal nanocrystal material are powder body material.
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| CN103911682A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 杭州瑞晟实业有限公司 | High-strength polypropylene (PP)/polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET) alloy fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN106700260A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-24 | 刘丹 | Anti-electromagnetic radiation master batch for clothes and preparation method thereof |
| CN108677321A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2018-10-19 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the multi-function metal/glassy metal blended yarn weaved fabric stretching enhancing |
| CN112899586B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-02-15 | 广东工业大学 | Manganese-based amorphous alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (4)
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| CN1544723A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 西安华捷科技发展有限责任公司 | Wave absorbing composite nano-fiber material textile composition and its preparation process |
| CN1763311A (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-04-26 | 中国印钞造币总公司 | Composite anti-false fiber |
| CN101178961A (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | water soluble magnetic nanometer crystal with high dissolvability and method of producing the same |
| CN203247370U (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-10-23 | 福建锦江科技有限公司 | Anti-radiation synthetic fiber |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1544723A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 西安华捷科技发展有限责任公司 | Wave absorbing composite nano-fiber material textile composition and its preparation process |
| CN1763311A (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-04-26 | 中国印钞造币总公司 | Composite anti-false fiber |
| CN101178961A (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | water soluble magnetic nanometer crystal with high dissolvability and method of producing the same |
| CN203247370U (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-10-23 | 福建锦江科技有限公司 | Anti-radiation synthetic fiber |
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