CN103590043A - Aluminum alloy surface pretreatment method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy surface pretreatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103590043A CN103590043A CN201310554496.2A CN201310554496A CN103590043A CN 103590043 A CN103590043 A CN 103590043A CN 201310554496 A CN201310554496 A CN 201310554496A CN 103590043 A CN103590043 A CN 103590043A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-pollution, low-water-consumption and alkali-etching oil-removing integrated aluminum alloy surface pretreatment method. The method comprises the following steps: 1) placing aluminum alloy into an alkali-etching agent solution and performing alkali-etching oil-removing treatment; 2) washing; 3) placing into a neutralizing solution and performing neutralizing treatment; 4) washing; 5) blow-drying. Compared with the traditional acid etching process, the method has the advantages that fluorine and ammonia nitrogen pollution is avoided, aluminum consumption is similar and water consumption is greatly reduced. Compared with the traditional alkali etching process, the method has the advantages of low aluminum consumption, low water consumption, short process flow and high efficiency. The method not only eliminates the fluorine and ammonia nitrogen pollution from the source of the process, but also has the advantages of low aluminum consumption, low water consumption, short flow and high efficiency, and has the characteristics of environmental friendliness and resource saving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy surface process field, particularly relate to the pretreated method of the low water consumption aluminum alloy surface of a kind of low pollution.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy be take the alloy general name that aluminium is base, and main alloy element has copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc, manganese, and less important alloying element has nickel, iron, titanium, chromium, lithium etc.Aluminium alloy is maximum, the most widely used non-ferrous metal of current output in the world.Because of its excellent physicochemical property, in field widespread uses such as building, communications and transportation, machinofacture, electronics, wrapping material, electric power, daily necessities.China is alloy product manufacture and consumption big country, and within 2012, China's aluminium output reaches 3037.3 ten thousand tons, increases by 15.87% on a year-on-year basis.Yet, aluminium alloy moist, very easily there is corrosion failure while using in containing environment such as industrial gasses, fuel gas, salinity and dust atmosphere, shorten its work-ing life.For improving aluminum alloy surface corrosion resisting property, improve that it is ornamental and functional, aluminium alloy must carry out surface treatment before dispatching from the factory.Aluminum alloy surface pre-treatment is its surface-treated critical process, and it has directly determined the quality of aluminium shape surface.
The treatment technology of aluminium and alloy surface thereof has conventionally: the technology such as anodic oxidation, chemical oxidation, bonderizing.Wherein anodizing technology is the pretreated major technique of aluminium and alloy surface thereof.And surface in anode oxidation process plays vital effect with the effect of processing antianode oxidation.In anode oxidation process, the technique that pre-treatment generally adopts is divided into acid etching technique and alkaline etching technique, and its key distinction is the difference of medicament main body composition.
As CN 101215694A discloses a kind of high pure aluminum alloy chemical nickel-plating activation solution, take water as solvent, in its every liter this solution, contain: phosphatase 11 0-40G, boric acid 2-10G, acetic acid 5-30G, thiocarbamide 2-6G, ammonium sulfate 10-25G, tertiary sodium phosphate 10-30G, ammonium bifluoride 15-40G; The processing method of using this high pure aluminum alloy chemical nickel-plating activation solution to carry out aluminum alloy surface processing.CN 101619448A discloses a kind of preprocessing solution for electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy plating layer on surface of aluminum alloy, and composition and content are: Sodium orthomolybdate 5-40G/L; Sodium hydroxide 5-30G/L or ammoniacal liquor 10-40ML/L; Deionized water is surplus.
Acid etching technique be take ammonium bifluoride as pre-treatment medicaments main component, produces a large amount of Waste Hydrogen Fluoride Gas, fluorine-containing and high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater and waste residue in production process, serious environment pollution, infringement enterprise employee health.Alkaline etching technique Chinese medicine main body composition is sodium hydroxide, and this technique aluminium consumption is high, and production efficiency is low.And no matter acid etching technique (see figure 1) or alkaline etching technique (see figure 2), all there is multistep water-washing step.Wherein acid etching technique needs 8 washing baths, and alkaline etching technique needs 6 washing baths.Therefore water consumption is high, and in explained hereafter, these are fluorine-containing containing the most directly discharges of ammonium trade effluent, cause serious environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
Serious for pollutant emission in existing aluminum alloy surface pretreatment technology, the defect of high water consumption, the invention provides the pretreated method of the low water consumption aluminum alloy surface of a kind of low pollution, to reach, is guaranteeing under the prerequisite that aluminium consumption does not increase, reduce pollutant emission, reduce the object of the consumption of water.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A pretreated method, comprises the following steps: 1) aluminium alloy being put into alkaline etching agent solution, to carry out alkaline etching oil removing close-coupled processing, can reach the effect of oil removing when this operates in alkaline etching, and described alkaline etching oil removing is close-coupled processing; 2) washing; 3) put into neutralizer and carry out neutralizing treatment; 4) washing; 5) dry up.
Preferably, aluminium alloy is put into alkaline etching agent solution and is carried out the close-coupled processing front water of alkaline etching oil removing and clean.
Preferably, described aluminium alloy is architectural aluminum section, is preferably 1050,1100,3003,5005,5052 or 6063 aluminium alloys.
For the present invention, preferably, step 1) described alkaline etching agent contains NaCO
3, NaOH, Na
3pO
4and Na
2sO
4, preferably in alkaline etching agent, the concentration of every kind of composition is 5g/L～60g/L, such as being 8g/L, 12g/L, 15g/L, 20g/L, 23g/L, 29g/L, 35g/L, 42g/L, 48g/L, 55g/L, 59g/L etc., is preferably 10g/L～50g/L.
Preferably, described alkaline etching agent also contains the one kind or two or more mixture in nitrite, Starso, sodium laurylsulfonate, Sudan Gum-arabic, dextrin, glycerine, sorbitol, Trisodium Citrate or urea, adding of these additives can be so that alkaline etching agent reaches better result of use, the concentration of preferred every kind of composition is 0.5g/L～20g/L, such as being 0.8g/L, 1.2g/L, 2.5g/L, 5g/L, 8g/L, 11g/L, 15g/L, 18g/L, 19.5g/L etc., be preferably 1g/L～10g/L.
Preferably, step 1) the close-coupled processing temperature of described alkaline etching oil removing is 30 ℃～60 ℃, such as being 33 ℃, 36 ℃, 41 ℃, 48 ℃, 55 ℃, 59 ℃ etc., is preferably 40 ℃～55 ℃; The close-coupled processing time of described alkaline etching oil removing is 5min～20min, such as being 7min, 12min, 16min, 18min etc., is preferably 10min～15min.
For the present invention, preferably, step 2) described washing, more than 1 time, is preferably 2 times;
Preferably, the time of described washing is 1min～5min at every turn, such as being 1min5s, 1min45s, 2min, 2.5min, 3.1min, 4min4.5min etc., is preferably 1min～3min.
For the present invention, preferably, step 3) temperature of described neutralizing treatment is 15 ℃～40 ℃, such as being 18 ℃, 22 ℃, 26 ℃, 30 ℃, 34 ℃, 38 ℃ etc., is preferably 20 ℃～35 ℃; The time of described neutralizing treatment is 1min～10min, such as being 3min, 4min, 6min, 8min, 9min etc., is preferably 1min～5min.
Preferably, step 3) described neutralizer contains sulfuric acid, nitric acid and iron(ic) chloride;
Preferably, the concentration of described sulfuric acid is 50g/L～200g/L, such as being 70g/L, 90g/L, 110g/L, 150g/L, 180g/L, 195g/L etc., is preferably 100g/L～120g/L; The concentration of described nitric acid is 50g/L～200g/L, such as being 70g/L, 90g/L, 110g/L, 150g/L, 180g/L, 195g/L etc., is preferably 50g/L～100g/L; The concentration of described iron(ic) chloride is 2g/L～10g/L, such as being 3g/L, 4.5g/L, 6g/L, 7.5g/L, 9g/L etc.
For the present invention, preferably, step 4) number of times of described washing, more than 1 time, is preferably 2 times;
Preferably, the time of described washing is 1min～5min at every turn, such as being 1min5s, 1min45s, 2min, 2.5min, 3.1min, 4min4.5min etc.
For the present invention, preferably, step 5) described drying up used cold wind to dry up.
As optimal technical scheme, method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) water cleaning aluminum alloy surface;
2) aluminium alloy cleaning is put into the alkaline etching agent solution of 5g/L～60g/L, carried out the close-coupled processing 5min～20min of alkaline etching oil removing at 30 ℃～60 ℃;
3) after the close-coupled processing end of alkaline etching oil removing, twice of deionized water washing aluminium alloy;
4) aluminium alloy after washing is put into neutralizer, carry out neutralizing treatment 1min～10min at 15 ℃～40 ℃;
5) after neutralizing treatment, twice of deionized water washing aluminium alloy;
6) cold wind dries up the residual moisture of aluminum alloy surface.
The present invention compares with classical acid etching technique, there is no fluorine and ammonia and nitrogen pollution, and aluminium consumption is close, has significantly reduced water consumption.Compare with traditional alkaline etching technique, aluminium consumption is low, and water consumption is low, and technical process is short, and efficiency is high.This invention has not only been eliminated fluorine and ammonia and nitrogen pollution from technique source, also has the advantage that aluminium consumption is low, water consumption is low, flow process is short, efficiency is high, has environmental friendliness, resource-effective feature concurrently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is acid corrosion technique;
Fig. 2 is caustic corrosion technique;
Fig. 3 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
For ease of understanding the present invention, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art should understand, described embodiment helps to understand the present invention, should not be considered as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1) get specification 6063 aluminium alloys, clear water rinses;
2) putting into alkaline etching agent solution, to carry out alkaline etching oil removing close-coupled processing, and alkaline etching agent composition is Na
2cO
3, NaOH, Na
3pO
4, Na
2sO
4, sodium laurylsulfonate, glycerine and Trisodium Citrate, the concentration of every kind of composition is 10g/L, alkaline etching agent solution temperature is 40 ℃, the close-coupled processing time 10min of alkaline etching oil removing;
3) after the close-coupled processing end of alkaline etching oil removing, deionized water washing twice, each time is 1min;
4) aluminium section bar of washing after finishing carries out neutralizing treatment, and main component and the concentration of neutralizer are respectively: sulfuric acid 100g/L, nitric acid 100g/L, neutral temperature is 25 ℃, in and the time be 2min;
5) after neutralizing treatment finishes, deionized water washing aluminium alloy twice, each washing time is respectively 1min;
6) last cold wind dries up the residual moisture of aluminum alloy surface.
Aluminum alloy surface leveling successful after processing in this embodiment, dusting effect is general, and dust condition improved is obvious.
Embodiment 2
1) get specification 6063 aluminium alloys, clear water rinses;
2) putting into alkaline etching agent solution, to carry out alkaline etching oil removing close-coupled processing, and alkaline etching agent main component is Na
2cO
3, NaOH, Na
3pO
4, Na
2sO
4, sodium laurylsulfonate, glycerine and Trisodium Citrate, the concentration of every kind of composition is 15g/L, alkaline etching agent solution temperature is 55 ℃, the close-coupled processing time 8min of alkaline etching oil removing;
3) after the close-coupled processing end of alkaline etching oil removing, deionized water washing twice, each time is 2min;
4) aluminium section bar of washing after finishing carries out neutralizing treatment, and main component and the concentration of neutralizer are respectively: sulfuric acid 120g/L, nitric acid 120g/L, neutral temperature is 25 ℃, in and the time be 1min;
5), after neutralizing treatment finishes, deionized water washing twice, twice time of aluminium alloy is respectively 2min;
6) last cold wind dries up the residual moisture of aluminum alloy surface.
The aluminum alloy surface leveling obtaining in this embodiment is respond well, and dusting effect is moderate, and dust situation makes moderate progress.
Embodiment 3
1) get specification 3003 aluminium alloys, clear water rinses;
2) putting into alkaline etching agent solution, to carry out alkaline etching oil removing close-coupled processing, and alkaline etching agent main component is Na
2cO
3, NaOH, Na
3pO
4, Na
2sO
4, the concentration of every kind of composition is 20g/L, alkaline etching agent solution temperature is 50 ℃, the close-coupled processing time 15min of alkaline etching oil removing;
3) after the close-coupled processing end of alkaline etching oil removing, deionized water washing twice, each time is 2min;
4) aluminium section bar of washing after finishing carries out neutralizing treatment, and main component and the concentration of neutralizer are respectively: sulfuric acid 100g/L, nitric acid 100g/L, neutral temperature is 25 ℃, in and the time be 1min;
5), after neutralizing treatment finishes, deionized water washing twice, twice time of aluminium alloy is respectively 2min;
6) last cold wind dries up the residual moisture of aluminum alloy surface.
The aluminum alloy surface leveling effect obtaining in this embodiment is general, and dusting effect is better, and dust condition improved is obvious.
Embodiment 4
1) get specification 6063 aluminium alloys, clear water rinses;
2) putting into alkaline etching agent solution, to carry out alkaline etching oil removing close-coupled processing, and alkaline etching agent main component agent concentration is respectively Na
2cO
3, NaOH, Na
3pO
4, Na
2sO
4, sodium laurylsulfonate, glycerine, Trisodium Citrate, the concentration of every kind of composition is 30g/L, alkaline etching agent solution temperature is 60 ℃, the close-coupled processing time 10min of alkaline etching oil removing;
3) after the close-coupled processing end of alkaline etching oil removing, deionized water washing twice, each time is 2min;
4) aluminium section bar of washing after finishing carries out neutralizing treatment, and main component and the concentration of neutralizer are respectively: sulfuric acid 100g/L, nitric acid 100g/L, FeCl
36g/L, neutral temperature is 25 ℃, in and the time be 2min;
5), after neutralizing treatment finishes, deionized water washing twice, twice time of aluminium alloy is respectively 2min;
6) last cold wind dries up the residual moisture of aluminum alloy surface.
The aluminum alloy surface leveling effect obtaining in this embodiment is better, and dusting effect is moderate, and dust condition improved is not too obvious.
Table 1 carries out pretreated measurement result for above-mentioned 4 embodiment to aluminium shape surface.
Table 1
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to the selection of the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and ancillary component, concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (10)
1. the pretreated method of aluminum alloy surface, comprises the following steps: 1) aluminium alloy being put into alkaline etching agent solution, to carry out alkaline etching oil removing close-coupled processing; 2) washing; 3) put into neutralizer and carry out neutralizing treatment; 4) washing; 5) dry up.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, aluminium alloy is put into alkaline etching agent solution and carried out the close-coupled processing front water cleaning of alkaline etching oil removing.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy is architectural aluminum section, is preferably 1050,1100,3003,5005,5052 or 6063 aluminium alloys.
4. according to the method described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that step 1) described alkaline etching agent contains NaCO
3, NaOH, Na
3pO
4and Na
2sO
4, preferably in alkaline etching agent, the concentration of every kind of composition is 5g/L～60g/L, is preferably 10g/L～50g/L;
Preferably, described alkaline etching agent also contains the one kind or two or more mixture in nitrite, Starso, sodium laurylsulfonate, Sudan Gum-arabic, dextrin, glycerine, sorbitol, Trisodium Citrate or urea, the concentration of preferred every kind of composition is 0.5g/L～20g/L, is preferably 1g/L～10g/L.
5. according to the method described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that step 1) the close-coupled processing temperature of described alkaline etching oil removing is 30 ℃～60 ℃, is preferably 40 ℃～55 ℃; The close-coupled processing time of described alkaline etching oil removing is 5min～20min, is preferably 10min～15min.
6. according to the method described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that step 2) described washing is more than 1 time, is preferably 2 times;
Preferably, the time of described washing is 1min～5min at every turn, is preferably 1min～3min.
7. according to the method described in claim 1-6 any one, it is characterized in that step 3) temperature of described neutralizing treatment is 15 ℃～40 ℃, is preferably 20 ℃～35 ℃; The time of described neutralizing treatment is 1min～10min, is preferably 1min～5min.
8. according to the method described in claim 1-7 any one, it is characterized in that step 3) described neutralizer contains sulfuric acid, nitric acid and iron(ic) chloride;
Preferably, the concentration of described sulfuric acid is 50g/L～200g/L, is preferably 100g/L～120g/L; The concentration of described nitric acid is 50g/L～200g/L, is preferably 50g/L～100g/L; The concentration of described iron(ic) chloride is 2g/L～10g/L.
9. according to the method described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that step 4) number of times of described washing is more than 1 time, is preferably 2 times;
Preferably, the time of described washing is 1min～5min at every turn;
Preferably, step 5) described drying up used cold wind to dry up.
10. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) water cleaning aluminum alloy surface;
2) aluminium alloy cleaning is put into the alkaline etching agent solution of 5g/L～60g/L, carried out the close-coupled processing 5min～20min of alkaline etching oil removing at 30 ℃～60 ℃;
3) after the close-coupled processing end of alkaline etching oil removing, twice of deionized water washing aluminium alloy;
4) aluminium alloy after washing is put into neutralizer, carry out neutralizing treatment 1min～10min at 15 ℃～40 ℃;
5) after neutralizing treatment, twice of deionized water washing aluminium alloy;
6) cold wind dries up the residual moisture of aluminum alloy surface.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104313582A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 湖州织里天荣铝材添加剂厂 | Novel aluminum alloy alkaline etching additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN104878390A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-02 | 湖州巨力铝型材有限公司 | Rapid and efficient sanding process for aluminium profile |
| CN105803506A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-27 | 佛山市三水雄鹰铝表面技术创新中心有限公司 | Fluoride-free and ammonium-free four-in-one recovery system for pretreatment chemicals of sand surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN105821463A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-03 | 佛山市三水雄鹰铝表面技术创新中心有限公司 | Fluoride-free and ammonium-free four-in-one sand finishing pretreatment agent and use method and agent recycling system thereof |
| CN107510915A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-26 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of oil-based drill cuttings destabilizing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110079848A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 安徽华淮新材料有限公司 | Aluminum alloy chemically coarse sand surface treatment method |
| CN110387546A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-29 | 国家电网有限公司 | A kind of cleaning method of aluminum hardware |
| CN110629226A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-31 | 佛山市海化表面处理科技有限公司 | Alkaline bright sand surface agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111157313A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-15 | 广东凤铝铝业有限公司 | Process liquid tank for online detection of aluminum material head and online detection method thereof |
| CN112760647A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-05-07 | 马鞍山市华冶铝业有限责任公司 | Scale-inhibiting brightening aluminum alloy alkaline etching solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN112941526A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江乔老爷铝业有限公司 | Aluminum profile surface treatment process with low aluminum consumption |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104313582A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 湖州织里天荣铝材添加剂厂 | Novel aluminum alloy alkaline etching additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN104878390A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-02 | 湖州巨力铝型材有限公司 | Rapid and efficient sanding process for aluminium profile |
| CN105803506A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-27 | 佛山市三水雄鹰铝表面技术创新中心有限公司 | Fluoride-free and ammonium-free four-in-one recovery system for pretreatment chemicals of sand surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN105821463A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-03 | 佛山市三水雄鹰铝表面技术创新中心有限公司 | Fluoride-free and ammonium-free four-in-one sand finishing pretreatment agent and use method and agent recycling system thereof |
| CN107510915A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-26 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of oil-based drill cuttings destabilizing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110079848A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 安徽华淮新材料有限公司 | Aluminum alloy chemically coarse sand surface treatment method |
| CN110387546A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-29 | 国家电网有限公司 | A kind of cleaning method of aluminum hardware |
| CN110629226A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-31 | 佛山市海化表面处理科技有限公司 | Alkaline bright sand surface agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111157313A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-15 | 广东凤铝铝业有限公司 | Process liquid tank for online detection of aluminum material head and online detection method thereof |
| CN112760647A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-05-07 | 马鞍山市华冶铝业有限责任公司 | Scale-inhibiting brightening aluminum alloy alkaline etching solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN112941526A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江乔老爷铝业有限公司 | Aluminum profile surface treatment process with low aluminum consumption |
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